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Cristóbal Marín
I.E.S. FERNANDO III EL SANTO / PROYECTO BILINGÜE A.N.L.: GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY 79
GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY
UNIT 8: EARLY MODERN ERA, RENAISSANCE AND BAROQUE
UNIT 8: EARLY MODERN ERA, RENAISSANCE AND BAROQUE
OUTLINE
ASPECTOS LINGÜÍSTICOS VOCABULARY
1 - WHAT IS IT AND WHEN WAS IT? 2 - WHY DID IT ARISE? 3 - WHAT ARE ITS MAIN CHARACTERISTICS AND EVENTS BETWEEN THE 15TH AND THE17TH
CENTURIES? • AUTHORITARIAN AND ABSOLUTE
MONARCHIES. • DISCOVERY AND COLONIZATION OF
AMERICA. • PROTESTANT REFORMATION AND
RELIGIOUS WARS. • SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION. • RENAISSANCE AND BAROQUE.
4 - WHAT IS IT AND WHEN WAS IT?
• 15TH CENTURY • 16TH CENTURY • 17TH CENTURY • 18TH CENTURY
5 - WHY DID IT ARISE?
• HUMANISM AND ANTHROPOCENTRISM
• STRONGER MONARCHIES • OPEN MENTALITY; ENTERPRISING;
GRAND SCALE TRADE; EXPLORATION; DISCOVERIES
• CLASSICAL ANTIQUITY; RENAISSANCE
6 - WHAT ARE ITS MAIN CHARACTERISTICS AND EVENTS BETWEEN THE 15TH AND THE17TH
CENTURIES? • AUTHORITARIAN AND ABSOLUTE
MONARCHIES. • DISCOVERY AND COLONIZATION OF
AMERICA. • PROTESTANT REFORMATION AND
RELIGIOUS WARS. • SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION. • RENAISSANCE AND BAROQUE.
9 - VOCABULARY
GOING TO IR A… AFIRMATIVA,
NEGATIVA, INTERROGATIVA. EXPRESIONES DE FUTURO.
LA OBLIGACIÓN Y LA PROHIBICIÓN: MUST/ MUSTN´T.
WILL. AFIRMATIVA, NEGATIVA, INTERROGATIVA.
EL PRIMER CONDICIONAL PHONETICS
/ŋ/ / l / / r / / h / /w/ / j/
• ABSOLUTE MONARCHY • ANTHROPOCENTRISM • ANTIQUITY • AUTHORITARIAN
MONARCHY • COLONIALISM • COUNTER-
REFORMATION • CRITICAL • ENLIGHTENMENT • TO EXCEL • FIGTHS • HELIOCENTRIC • HUMANISM • TO IMPOSE • NATURALISTIC • PROTESTANT • REFORMATION • RENAISSANCE • SCIENTIFIC • TELESCOPE • TO LEAD
Cristóbal Marín
I.E.S. FERNANDO III EL SANTO / PROYECTO BILINGÜE A.N.L.: GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY 80
GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY
UNIT 8: EARLY MODERN ERA, RENAISSANCE AND BAROQUE
1- What is it and when was it? The Early Modern Era is the historical period
from the fall of Constantinople (1453) to the French Revolution (1792).
2- Why did it arise?
.
EEAARRLLYY
MMOODDEERRNN
EERRAA
This period arose as a result of the following causes: - New currents of thinking: Humanism and Anthropocentrism. - New stronger monarchies. - More open and enterprising mentality. - Rediscovery of Classical Antiquity: Greece and Rome. - A new artistic style in Italy: Renaissance. - Development of grand scale trade. - Travels of exploration and new geographical discoveries.
- Authoritarian and Absolute monarchies.
- Discovery and colonization of America. - Protestant Reformation and Religious Wars.
- Scientific Revolution.
- Renaissance and Baroque.
3 - Which are its main characteristics and events between the 15th and the 17th centuries?
- In the 15th and 16th centuries the European monarchies became stronger than they were in the Middle Ages (Authoritarian Monarchies). As a result, the Modern States were founded. - Kings obtained more powers and imparted their authority to the nobles. E.G. The Catholic Monarchs of Spain. - In the 17th century the European kings obtained all powers of the State: legislative, executive, judicial (Absolute Monarchies). E.G. Louis XIV of France (the Sun King). - Portuguese people and Spaniards made a lot of maritime expeditions during the 15th century. - The little fleet of Christopher Columbus arrived in America in 1492. Afterwards, there were many more fleets and that marked the beginning of conquest and colonization of the “New Continent” (the Vikings had come there long before). - Spain created a great colonial empire and kept it till the beginning of the 19th century. Other European countries obtained territories in America during those centuries too. -
- Critical voices inside the Catholic Church led to a deep religious crisis. One of those voices was Martin Luther. - The Protestant Reformation divided a lot of parts of Europe between Catholics and Protestants. - From the Protestantism arose Lutheranism, Calvinism, Anglicanism and other different currents. - The Catholic Church made its own reformation or counter-reformation to fight against Protestants. Those fights led to Religious Wars in the 16th and 17th centuries. - In the 16th and 17th centuries, thanks to Humanism, a Scientific Revolution developed in Europe. - There were great advances in Maths, Physics, Astronomy Medicine, Anatomy, Biology, Botany, etc. - Leonardo da Vinci, Copernicus, Galileo Galilei, Newton, Servetus, among many others, excelled. - The Renaissance artistic style was developed during the 14th, 15th and 16th centuries, but it had a previous influence. - Its models were the artistic elements of Classical Art. - There were great architects, sculptors and painters (Dürer, Brunelleschi, Leonardo, Raphael, Michelangelo,…) - Baroque is the artistic style of the 17th century. - It´s more decorative and naturalistic than the Renaissance. - This style has a symbolical and propaganda sense. - Some artists were: Bernini, Caravaggio, Velázquez…
Cristóbal Marín
I.E.S. FERNANDO III EL SANTO / PROYECTO BILINGÜE A.N.L.: GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY 81
GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY
UNIT 8: EARLY MODERN ERA, RENAISSANCE AND BAROQUE
5 - Why did it arise?
- Authoritarian and Absolute monarchies.
- Discovery and colonization of America. - Protestant Reformation and Wars of Religion.
- Scientific Revolution.
- Renaissance and Baroque.
6 - What are its main characteristics and events between the 15th and the 17th centuries?
EEAARRLLYY
MMOODDEERRNN
EERRAA
THE CATHOLIC MONARCHS OF SPAIN LOUIS XVI OF FRANCE
MARTIN LUTHER
GALILEO´S TELESCOPE
CRISTOPHER COLOMBUS COLONIZATION OF AMERICA
WARS OF RELIGION
HELIOCENTRIC THEORY NEWTON
ST. PETER´S BASILICA ADAM MADONNA
15th Century
- The fall of Constantinople. - Authoritarian Monarchies. - The Modern States. - Discovery of America. - Renaissance.
16th Century
- Authoritarian Monarchies (Charles V and Philip II of Spain). - Protestant Reformation. - Colonization of America. - Spanish Empire. - Wars of Religion.
17th Century
- Absolute Monarchies - Wars of Religion - Thirty Years´ War. - Spanish Empire. - Economic Crisis. - Baroque art.
18th Century
- Age of Enlightenment. - Enlightened - Absolutism. -Neoclassicim.
- Colonialism. - French Revolution.
Humanism and Anthropocentrism Thomas More
Stronger Monarchies Charles V & I
Open mentality; Enterprising; Trade to great scale; Exploration; Discoveries. Port of Seville
Classical Antiquity; Renaissance Leonardo´s Vitruvian man
4 - What is it and when was it?
Cristóbal Marín
I.E.S. FERNANDO III EL SANTO / PROYECTO BILINGÜE A.N.L.: GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY 82
GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY
UNIT 8: EARLY MODERN ERA, RENAISSANCE AND BAROQUE
7 – VOCABULARY
English Pronunciation Spanish A
Absolute adj. Absoluta-o
Amongst prep. /ə'm��(st)/ Entre
Anthropocentrism sust. /�ænθrəpə'sen'tr�zəm/ Antropocentrismo
Antiquity sust. /æn't�kwəti/ Antigüedad
Authoritarian adj. /�:�θ�r�'teəriən/ Autoritaria-o
C
Colonial adj. /kə'ləʊniəl/ Colonial
Colonialism sust. /kə'ləʊniəl�zəm/ Colonialismo
Counter-reformation sust. /'kaʊntər-'refər'me�ʃən/ Contrarreforma
Critical adj. /'kr�t�kəl/ Crítico-a
Currents of thinking sust., prep. y sust. /'k�rənt/ /�v/ /'θ�ŋk�ŋ/ Corrientes de pensamiento
D
Decorative adj. /'dekərət�v/ Decorativo-a
E
Enlightenment sust. /�n'la�tn$mənt/ Ilustración
Enterprising sust. /'entərpra�z�ŋ/ Emprendedor-a, ores-oras
Example Gratia (E.G.) /�g'zɑ:mpəl/ /'græt�a/ Por ejemplo
to Excel verb. /�k'sel/ Destacar
Executive adj. /�g'zekjʊt�v/ Ejecutivo
F
Fights sust. /fa�ts/ Luchas, contiendas, peleas
Fleet sust. /fli:t/ Flota
H
Heliocentric adj. /�hilioʊ'sεntr�k/ Heliocéntrico
Humanism sust. /'hju:mən�zəm/ Humanismo
I
to Impose verb. /�m'pəʊz/ Imponer
J
Judicial adj. /d,u:'d�ʃəl/ Judicial
L
to Lead verb. /li:d/ Condujeron, llevaron
Legislative adj. /'led,�slət�v/ Legislativo
M
Models sust. /'m�dḷs/ Modelos
N
Naturalistic adj. /'nætʃrələst�k/ Naturalista
P
Previous adj. /'pri:viəs/ Previo, anterior
Port sust. /p�:rt/ Puerto
Propaganda adj. /�pr�pə'gændə/ Propagandístico
Protestants sust. /'prɑ:təstənts/ Protestantes
R
Rediscovery sust. /'ri:d�'sk�vəri/ Redescubrimiento
Reformation sust. /�refə'me�ʃən/ Reforma
Renaissance sust. (nombre propio) /r�'ne�səns/ Renacimiento
Revolution sust. /'revə'lu:ʃən/ Revolución
Cristóbal Marín
I.E.S. FERNANDO III EL SANTO / PROYECTO BILINGÜE A.N.L.: GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY 83
GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY
UNIT 8: EARLY MODERN ERA, RENAISSANCE AND BAROQUE
S
Scale sust. /ske�l/ Escala
Scientific sust. /'sa�ən't�f�k/ Científico
Sculptors sust. /'sk�lptərs/ Escultores
Sense sust. /sens/ Sentido
Symbolical adj. /s�m'b�l�kəl/ Simbólico
T
Telescope sust. /'teləskəʊp / Telescopio
FOTOS - Caída de Constantinopla: http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_uheNlUAGBA8/SekPaX8iTeI/AAAAAAAAAyI/T0Nv7VISsf8/s320/caida1.jpg - Felipe II: http://www.biografiasyvidas.com/biografia/f/fotos/felipe_ii.jpg - La Rendición de Breda o Las Lanzas: http://farm1.static.flickr.com/62/220976808_081ea4a13e.jpg - La Toma de la Bastilla: http://www.ambafrance-uk.org/IMG/jpg_bastille.jpg - Tomás Moro: http://www.canvasreplicas.com/images/Sir%20Thomas%20More%20Hans%20Holbein.jpg - Carlos V: http://blogs.ua.es/alejandrofarnese/files/2009/12/CarlosV02.jpg - Puerto de Sevilla: http://www.kalipedia.com/kalipediamedia/historia/media/200808/02/hisbolivia/20080802klphishbo_32_Ies_SCO.jpg - Reyes Católicos: http://historiageneral.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/05/reyes-catolicos.jpg - Luis XIV: http://images.encarta.msn.com/xrefmedia/sharemed/targets/images/pho/t067/T067948A.jpg - Cristóbal Colón: http://www.biografiasyvidas.com/biografia/c/fotos/colon.jpg - Colonización de América: http://wizard.webquests.ch/pics/upload/98/ankunft_der_spanier_01.png - Martín Lutero: http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_E5NFsqYRR3Q/TAClZcAbUyI/AAAAAAAAAJ4/xya5Nwg5Zms/s1600/lutero95tesis.jpg - Guerras de Religión (La Matanza de San Bartolomé): http://www.kalipedia.com/kalipediamedia/lenguayliteratura/media/200704/18/literaturauniversal/20070418klplylliu_64.Ies.SCO.jpg - Teoría Heliocéntrica: http://www.astromia.com/fotohistoria/fotos/heliocentrico.jpg - Telescopio de Galileo: http://www.cienciaonline.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/11/newton.jpg - Newton: http://www.biografiasyvidas.com/biografia/n/fotos/newton.jpg - Basílica de San Pedro: http://farm2.static.flickr.com/1123/1382050842_d1ebe2d646.jpg - Adán de Alberto Durero: http://www.elpais.com/recorte/20101124elpepucul_25/XXLCO/Ies/Adan_restauracion_durante_despues_imagenes_muestran_danos_soporte_habian_incidido_directa_negativamente.jpg - La Piedad de Miguelangel: http://cfs8.blog.daum.net/image/12/blog/2009/02/21/19/14/499fd3f5bfcec&filename=Michelangelo_Madonna_and_Child.jpg - Vista de Delft (Johannes Vermeer de Delft): http://www.wga.hu/art/v/vermeer/02c/13view.jpg