Unit 8 Time off

I. Lead-in II. Language Points III. Guided Writing IV. Presentation and Exercises

Lead-inBackground Information

Winston Churchill (1874-1965) British Prime Minister during World War II; a keen bricklayer, painter and writer; the winner of the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1953.

More

Lead-inBackground Information

Winston Churchill His works: Painting as a Pastime (1948), A History of the English Speaking Peoples

(1956–1958).

More

Lead-inBackground Information

Churchill’s paintings:

Lead-inBackground Information

Painting as a pastime This book tells the benefits and joys of Churchill’s forty-year hobby. Painting joined Churchill’s vocations of politic

s, reading, bricklaying and writing. Painting outdoors gave him a chance to pause,

observe, reflect, and record his surroundings in paint.

Churchill is best known for his impressionist scenes of landscape.

Language PointsSentences Study

1. The stronger the will, the more futile the task.

the more/ less...the more/ less 意思为“越 ······越 ······”

翻译：愿望越强烈，与之争论就越是徒劳。

Language PointsSentences Study

2. It is no use offering the manual labourer, tired out with a hard week's sweat and effort, the chance of playing a game of football or baseball on Saturday afternoon.

It 在句中为形式主语，真正的主语是动名词短语 offering the manual labourer…the chance (offer 带双宾语 ) ； tired out 是过去分词短语修饰 the manual labourer.

翻译：对于卖了一周力气、流了一周汗水的体力劳动者来说，让他们在星期六下午踢足球或打垒球是不合适的。

Language PointsSentences Study

3. As for the unfortunate people who can command everything they want, who can gratify every caprice and lay their hands on almost every object of desire–for them a new pleasure, a new excitement is only an additional satiation. In vain they rush frantically round from place to place, trying to escape from avenging boredom by mere clatter and motion.

in vain 一句翻译时要倒装。

More

Language PointsSentences Study

翻译： 那些能够支配一切、能够肆意妄为、

能够染指一切追求目标的人是 “不幸的” 。对于他们而言，多一种新的乐趣、多一种新的刺激只是增加一分厌腻而已。他们到处乱跑，企图靠喧闹和骚动来摆脱无聊对他们的报复，但这么做是徒劳的。

Language PointsSentences Study

4. The long hours in the office or the factory bring with them as their reward, not only the means of sustenance, but a keen appetite for pleasure even in its simplest and most modest forms. But Fortune’s favored children belong to the second class. Their life is a natural harmony.

not only… but… 部分的内容是 bring 的宾语，即 reward 的具体体现。

More

Language PointsSentences Study

翻译： 他们是能够得到补偿的。在办公室或工

厂里长时间工作给他们带来了报酬，这不仅是谋生的手段，也使他们对寻找快乐充满了渴望，哪怕是最简单、最质朴的快乐。但是，幸运之神偏爱的是第二类人。他们的生活是一种自然的和谐。

Language PointsSentences Study

5. Yet to both classes the need of an alternative outlook, of a change of atmosphere, of a diversion of effort, is essential.

三个 of 在句中都是 the need 的定语，在翻译时表语 essential 变成定语修饰 need.

翻译：然而对这两种人来说，换换脑子，改变一下气氛，转移一下注意力都是不可缺少的。

Language Points Words Study1. futile: unsuccessful or uselessWords comparison: futile may connote completeness of fa

ilure or unwisdom of undertaking. vain usually implies simple failure to a

chieve a desired result. fruitless comes close to vain but often

suggests long and arduous effort or severe disappointment.

More

Language Points Words StudyExamples: Resistance had proved so futile th

at surrender was the only choice left.

a vain attempt to get the car started

fruitless efforts to obtain a lasting peace

Language Points Words Study

2. trifiling: not very important Examples: I prefer to begin with what looks like a trif

ling effort. It only cost a trifling sum. 那只花了一点点

钱。 a trifling matter 鸡毛蒜皮 / 无足轻重的事

情

Language Points Words Study3. compensation: A. something that changes or removes the

bad result of sth 抵消； 补偿 B. money that someone receives because

sth bad has happened to them 补偿金， 赔偿金

C. money that someone receives from the work they do 报酬

More

Language Points Words Study

Examples: United Nations Compensation Commissi

on 联合国赔偿委员会 employee compensation 职员报酬 unemployment compensation 失业补偿

金 (AmE) variable compensation 可变报酬 workmen’s compensation 工人伤残赔

偿

Language Points Words Study4. enforce: vt. make sure that a law or a rule is

obeyed by people enforcement n. Examples: The police department enforces the law. Don’t enforce your will on the child, please.

He enforced high standards.

Language Points Words Study5. banish: A. to get rid of sth. 消灭；去除 B. to officially order someone to leave a country

or region as a punishment 放逐；驱逐出境 Usage: banish sb. from/to the country C. to make someone stop thinking about sth. or

having particular feelings 排除；消除 Usage: banish sth. from memory

More

Language Points Words StudyExamples: be banished from China 被驱逐出中国 be exiled for life 被终身流放 deport aliens who slips across our border

s 把偷渡入境的外国人驱逐出境

Language Points Words Study6. at hand: quite close to you and easy to reac

h lay one’s hands on: to manage to obtain s

th

More

Language Points Words StudyExamples: prep + hand at hand 在手边在附近 by hand 用手 with an iron hand in a velvet glove 外柔内刚地 ;口蜜腹剑地 with an iron hand 以铁腕 from hand to mouth 仅能糊口地

More

Language Points Words StudyExamples: noun + in hand/in the hand hand in hand 手拉手 cap in hand 恭敬地 cash-in-hand 当场付清的 A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush. 双鸟在林不如一鸟在手。

a bird in the hand 已到手的东西 ; 稳操胜券的事 ; 惜取眼前福

More

Language Points Words StudyExamples: verb + hand(s) bite the hand that feeds one 恩将仇报 play one’s hand 利用有利因素 show/tip one’s hand 摊牌 get one’s hands off 别再烦扰（某人）；别再动（某物） have your hands full 忙得不可开交 join hands 携手联手合伙

More

Language Points Words StudyExamples: other phrases hand down 把 ······ 传下去 hand in glove with 狼狈为奸 at second hand 间接得来地 hand over fist (informal) 迅速大量地花钱赚钱 hands off 不许碰；请勿触摸 hand out a punishment / sentence 宣布处决、判决

Language Points Words Study7. to death: A. to an intolerable degree B. the state of being dead

Examples: amusing ourselves to death love sb. to death bleed to death stab sb. to death be sentenced to death be put to death

Language Points Words Study8. tired out: exhaustedSynonyms: bleary, drained, exhausted, fatigued, rundo

wn, weary, worn-down, worn-out. Informal: beat, bushed, tuckered (out). Slang: done in, fagged (out), pooped (out). Idioms: all in, ready to drop.

Guided Writing

Think about leisure activities in China and write a passage about the most popular ones.

More

Guided WritingDirections: Say what many Chinese people enjoy doing

most in their free time. It’s undoubtedly true that many Chinese pe

ople enjoy physical exercise, such as... Say approximately how often and how long

people spend on their hobbies. Approximately fifty per cent of Chinese spend

about half an hour a day...More

Guided WritingDirections: Say what you probably think are the next most popular acti

vities. The next most popular activities probably include... Say how often people find time for their hobbies. Most people work long hours, but they usually find time... Say what you may need or must have for the most popular

hobbies. You must...to get the most from the physical and mental exercise.

Presentation and Exercises Prepare a website for leisure activitie

s (See P112 for details)