Unit ObjectivesUnit Objectives

Students will be able to:◦Identify the functions of sauces◦Recognize and classify mother sauces◦Prepare mother sauces◦Use thickening agents properly

2

SaucesSauces• A flavorful, thickened liquid used to

enhance food:• Adds moisture & flavor• Adds intensity to the dish• Improves appearance / color• Should complement the food • Stimulate the appetite

3

Sauce Quality FactorsSauce Quality Factors

• Color• Opacity• Luster• Taste• Texture• Consistency

4

Mother/Leading SaucesMother/Leading Sauces

Sauce Liquid Thickener Color

Béchamel Milk White roux

Espagnole Brown Stock

Brown roux

Brown

Tomato Tomatoes Tomato paste

Red

Hollandaise Clarified Butter

Egg yolk Yellow

Velouté White Stock Blond roux Amber

5

Compound SaucesCompound Sauces

• Compound sauces are leading sauces with other ingredients & flavors added to it

Compound SaucesCompound Sauces• Bechamel Cheddar

cheese• Espagnole Mushroom• Tomato Meat

Sauce• Hollandaise Bearnaise• Veloute Cream

7

HollandaiseHollandaise

Hollandaise will separate:• Butter is added too fast• Butter is too hot• Egg yolk to butter ratio is

incorrect (5 egg yolks to 1 lb. of clarified butter)

• Sauce gets too cold• Sauce gets too hot• Served on top of very hot

product

8

Thickening AgentsThickening Agents

• Roux◦Equal parts by weight

of fat and flour cooked together used to thicken liquids

Butter Bread or AP flour Sift flour

Thickening AgentsThickening Agents• Roux

◦White◦Blond◦Brown

• Incorporating roux into a liquid◦Cool stock into a warm roux◦Room temperature roux into a hot

stock

10

Roux typesRoux types

• White Roux - Least amount of cooking time(3 –5 minutes) Example: Béchamel Sauce

• Blond Roux - Takes on a light golden color (5 –6 minutes) Example: Veloute Sauce

• Brown Roux - Nutty Aroma / dark brown color

(15 - 20 minutes) Example: Espagnole Sauce

Thickening AgentsThickening Agents

Cornstarch:• Equal parts cold liquid to cornstarch• Blended mixture is called a slurry• Add slurry to hot liquid• Thickens immediately