Unit XVII – Early Africa

Ancient Civilizations to the 1600’s.

Geography, 2 - 4

Egypt, 5 -11

Others, 12 -15Copyright 2006; C. Pettinato, RCS High School, All Rights Reserved

1. Satellite Map of Africa

2. Topographical Map of Africa

3. Ancient Kingdoms of Africa

• A. Egypt• B. Nubian• C. Axum• D. Ghana• E. Mali• F. Songhai• G. Benin• H. Zimbabwe

4. Ancient Kingdoms of Africa

5. Egypt

• A. Where was the Nile Kingdom located?

• B. What groups unified to form a strong kingdom and when?

• C. What happened during the 3 periods of Egyptian history?

• D. Why was the flooding of the Nile so important?

6. Accomplishments of the Old Kingdom

7. Social Hierarchy in Egyptian Society

• A. Pharaoh

• B. Priests and noblemen

• C. Viziers

• D. Scribes

• E. Common People

• What status did women have in Egyptian society? -

8. Important People/Gods

• A. Menes• B. Ptah-hotep• C. Pharaoh Hathshepsut• D. Ramses II• E. Sinhue• F. Amon Re• G. Isis• H. Osiris

9. Video

10. The Decline of Egypt

• A. Invasions

• 1. Hyksos• 2. Hittites• 3. Assyrians• 4. Nubians• 5. Greeks• 6. Romans

11. Accomplishments of the Egyptians

• A. mummification

• B. hieroglyphics

• C. demotic

• D. physiology

• E. mathematics

• F. astronomy

• G. bureaucracy

• H. papyrus

• I. medicine

12. Other Civilizations North of the Sahara

• A. Nubia

• 1. location - trade• 2. adopted customs• 3. great traders• 4. products:

– A. gold– B. ivory– C. animal skins– D. perfumes– E. slaves

•

• B. Axum (200BC-600)

• 1. location - trade• 2. converted to

Christianity• 3. defeated by Muslims• 4. products:• A. cloth• 2. linens• 3. ivory• 4. brass, copper• 5. olive oil

13. St. Mary of Zion - Ethiopia

14. The Civilizations of West Africa• A. Where was Ghana (800-1000) and why

was it famous?

• B. Where was Mali (1200-1450) and why was it famous?

• C. Where was Songhai (1450-1600) and why was it famous?

• D. What made Timbuktu important?

15. The Hausa, Benin and the Great Zimbabwe

• A. Hausa (1300’s), West Africa, city states that had walled cities, trade centers, women leaders and written language.

• B. Benin (1300’s), the west coast, forest people, great cities, wood carvers, bronze sculptors, traders (pepper, ivory, slaves)

• C. Zimbabwe (900-1500), s. east coast, stone builders, traders (gold, porcelain, skins, ivory)

16. The Great Zimbabwe

17. A Village in Benin

18. Connection to Climate and Geography

• A. How were the lives of Africa people dependent upon their climate and geography? (You must give 3 specific examples after giving your answer.)

19. Important Terms and People

• A. cataract• B. vizier• C. scribe• D. Rosetta Stone• E. mummification• F. papyrus• G. matriarchal society• H. Mansa Musa• I. desert• J. savanna

• K. tropical rain forest• L. steppes• M. erosion• N. leaching• O. desertification• P. caravan routes• Q. geographic

barriers – exploration• R. cultural diversity• S. tribalism