Unit1 History

8/6/2019 Unit1 History

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Historical Perspective


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NURSING HISTORY


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PERIODS OF NURSING HISTORY

Intuitive Period

Apprentice Period

Educative Period

Contemporary Period


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Usually run by instinctUsually run by instinct

PrehistoricPrehistoric Early Christian EraEarly Christian EraNOMADSNOMADS travelers ( wander from one place totravelers ( wander from one place to

another)another) Survival of the fittestSurvival of the fittest

Best for the mostBest for the most mottomotto

Sickness is due to voodooSickness is due to voodoo

Performed out:Performed out:

of feeling of compassion for othersof feeling of compassion for others

of desire to helpof desire to help

of wish to do goodof wish to do good

care is given by thecare is given by theWOMENWOMEN


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NOMADS


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SHAMANSHAMAN uses white magic to counteract theuses white magic to counteract the

black magicblack magic They are the doctors during those time.They are the doctors during those time.

TREPHININGTREPHINING drilling the skulldrilling the skull

Used to treat Psychotic patientsUsed to treat Psychotic patients

Psychotic patients are believed to be possessed by evilPsychotic patients are believed to be possessed by evilspirits.spirits.

Growth of religionGrowth of religion most important thing thatmost important thing that

happenedhappenedGrowth of civilizationGrowth of civilization

Law of self preservationLaw of self preservation inspire man in search ofinspire man in search ofknowledgeknowledge


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SHAMAN

A shaman is a medicine man or woman.


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TREPHINING


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From the mode of Nomadic lifeFrom the mode of Nomadic life agrarianagrariansocietysociety gradual development of urbangradual development of urban

community lifecommunity lifeExistence of means of communicationExistence of means of communication

Start of scientific knowledgeStart of scientific knowledge more complexmore complex

lifelife

increase in health problemsincrease in health problems

demand fordemand formore nursesmore nurses

Nursing as a duty ofNursing as a duty ofSLAVES and WIVES.SLAVES and WIVES.NURSING DID NOT CHANGE but there wasNURSING DID NOT CHANGE but there was

progress in the practice of Medicine.progress in the practice of Medicine.Care of the sick was still closely allied withCare of the sick was still closely allied with

superstitions, religion and magicsuperstitions, religion and magic


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CODE OF HAMMURABICODE OF HAMMURABI

11stst recording on the medical practicerecording on the medical practice

Established the medical feesEstablished the medical fees

Discouraged experimentationDiscouraged experimentation

Specific doctor for each diseaseSpecific doctor for each disease

Right of patient to choose treatmentRight of patient to choose treatmentbetween the use of charms, medicine, orbetween the use of charms, medicine, or

surgical proceduresurgical procedure

BABYLONIANS


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ART OF EMBALMINGART OF EMBALMING

MummificationMummification

Removing the internal organs of the dead bodyRemoving the internal organs of the dead body

Instillation of herbs and salt to the deadInstillation of herbs and salt to the dead

Used to enhance their knowledge of the human anatomy.Used to enhance their knowledge of the human anatomy.Since work was done and performed on the dead, theySince work was done and performed on the dead, theylearned nothing of Philosophylearned nothing of Philosophy

THE 250 DISEASESTHE 250 DISEASES

Documentation about 250 diseases and treatmentsDocumentation about 250 diseases and treatments

EGYPTIANS


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Teachings ofTeachings ofMOSESMOSES

Father of sanitationFather of sanitationPractice the values of Hospitality to strangersPractice the values of Hospitality to strangers

and the Act of Charityand the Act of Charity contained in the bookcontained in the book

of Genesisof Genesis

LEVITICUSLEVITICUS 33rdrd book of the Old Testamentbook of the Old Testament

Laws controlling the spread of communicable diseasesLaws controlling the spread of communicable diseases

Lawsgoverning cleanlinessLawsgoverning cleanliness

Laws on preparation of foodLaws on preparation of food

Purification of man and his foodPurification of man and his food

The ritual of CIRCUMCISIONThe ritual of CIRCUMCISION on the 8on the 8thth day after birthday after birth

MOSAIC LAWMOSAIC LAW

Meant to keep Hebrews pure so that they may enter the sanctuary withoutMeant to keep Hebrews pure so that they may enter the sanctuary withoutaffronting Godaffronting God

Meant as a survival for health and hygienic reason onlyMeant as a survival for health and hygienic reason only

HEBREW


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Use of pharmacologic drugsUse of pharmacologic drugs

MATERIA MEDICAMATERIA MEDICA

Book that indicates the pharmacologic drug used forBook that indicates the pharmacologic drug used fortreatmenttreatment

No knowledge on anatomyNo knowledge on anatomy

Use of wax to preserve the body of the deadUse of wax to preserve the body of the dead

Method of paper makingMethod of paper making

FACTORS THAT HAMPERED THE ADVANCEMENT OFFACTORS THAT HAMPERED THE ADVANCEMENT OFMEDICINE:MEDICINE:

Baby boys givengirls nameBaby boys givengirls name

Prohibits dissecting of human body thus thwarting scientificProhibits dissecting of human body thus thwarting scientific

studystudy

CHINA


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SUSHURUTOSUSHURUTO

11stst recording on the nursing practicerecording on the nursing practice

Hampered byTaboos due to socialHampered byTaboos due to social

structures and practices of animal worshipstructures and practices of animal worshipMedicine men built hospitalsMedicine men built hospitals

Intuitive form of asepsisIntuitive form of asepsis

There was proficient practice of Medicine and SurgeryThere was proficient practice of Medicine and SurgeryNURSES QUALIFICATIONS:Lay Brothers, Priest Nurses,NURSES QUALIFICATIONS:Lay Brothers, Priest Nurses,

combination of Pharmacist,combination of Pharmacist,

INDIA


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NURSESNURSES function of untrained slavesfunction of untrained slaves

GREECE


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HIPPOCRATES

--Father of modernFather of modernmedicinemedicine--11stst to reject the idea thatto reject the idea thatdiseases are caused bydiseases are caused byevil spiritsevil spirits-- 11stst to apply assessmentto apply assessmentPractice medical ethicsPractice medical ethics

GREECE


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AESCULAPUSAESCULAPUS

Father of medicineFather of medicinein Greek mythologyin Greek mythology

GREECE


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CADUCEUSCADUCEUS

Insignia of medicineInsignia of medicine

Composed of staff ofComposed of staff oftravellerstravellersintertwined with 2intertwined with 2serpent (the symbolserpent (the symbolofof AesculapusAesculapus andand

his healing power).his healing power).At the apex of theAt the apex of thestaff are two wingsstaff are two wingsof Hermesof Hermes(Mercury) for speed.(Mercury) for speed.

GREECE


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Proper turnover for the sick peopleProper turnover for the sick people

If youre strong, youre healthyIf youre strong, youre healthy mottomotto

Transition from Pagan to ChristianityTransition from Pagan to Christianity

FABIOLAFABIOLA

Was converted to Christian and later sheWas converted to Christian and later she

converted her home to a hospital and used herconverted her home to a hospital and used herwealth for the sick.wealth for the sick.

11stst hospital in the Christian worldhospital in the Christian world

ROMANS


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1111thth centurycentury 18361836

OnOn--thethe--job training periodjob training period

Refers to a beginner (onRefers to a beginner (on--thethe--job training). Itjob training). Itmeans care performed by people who are directedmeans care performed by people who are directed

by more experienced nursesby more experienced nursesStarts from the founding ofReligious Orders in theStarts from the founding ofReligious Orders in the

66thth century through the Crusades in the 11century through the Crusades in the 11thth centurycentury(1836(1836 when the deaconesses School of Nursingwhen the deaconesses School of Nursing

was established inwas established in KaiserswerthKaiserswerth, Germany by, Germany byPastorTHEODORE FLEIDNER)PastorTHEODORE FLEIDNER)


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There was a struggle for religious, political, andThere was a struggle for religious, political, andeconomic powereconomic power

Crusades took place in order to gain religious,Crusades took place in order to gain religious,political, and economic power or for adventurepolitical, and economic power or for adventure

During the Crusade in this period, it happened asDuring the Crusade in this period, it happened asan attempt to recapture the HolyLand from thean attempt to recapture the HolyLand from theTurk who obtained and gain control of the regionTurk who obtained and gain control of the regionas a result of power struggle. Christians wereas a result of power struggle. Christians were

divided due to several religious war and Christiansdivided due to several religious war and Christianswere denied visit to The Holy Sepulcher.were denied visit to The Holy Sepulcher.


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KNIGHTS OF ST. JOHN OF JERUSALEM (ITALIAN)KNIGHTS OF ST. JOHN OF JERUSALEM (ITALIAN)

Also called as Knights of theAlso called as Knights of the HospitalersHospitalers

Established to give careEstablished to give care


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TEUTONIC KNIGHTS (GERMAN)TEUTONIC KNIGHTS (GERMAN)

Took subsequent wars in the HolyLandT

ook subsequent wars in the HolyLand Cared for the injured and establishedCared for the injured and established

hospitals in the military campshospitals in the military camps


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KNIGHTS OFKNIGHTS OF

ST.LAZARUSST.LAZARUS Care for those who sufferedCare for those who sufferedLeprosy, syphilis, and chronicLeprosy, syphilis, and chronicskin diseasesskin diseases


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ALEXIAN BROTHERSALEXIAN BROTHERS AA monastericmonasteric order founded in1348. They established theorder founded in1348. They established the AlexianAlexian

Brothers School of Nursing, the largest School under religiousBrothers School of Nursing, the largest School under religiousauspices exclusively inUS and it closed down in1969auspices exclusively inUS and it closed down in1969


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ST. VINCENT DE PAULST. VINCENT DE PAUL

He organized the charityHe organized the charitygroup called the Lagroup called the La ChariteChariteand the Community ofand the Community of

Sisters of Charity composedSisters of Charity composedof women dedicated in caringof women dedicated in caringfor the sick, the poor,for the sick, the poor,orphaned, and the widowed.orphaned, and the widowed.He founded the Sisters ofHe founded the Sisters of

Charity School of Nursing inCharity School of Nursing inParis, France where FlorenceParis, France where FlorenceNightingale had her 2Nightingale had her 2ndnd

formal education in Nursing.formal education in Nursing.


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LOUISE de GRASLOUISE de GRAS

Was the 1Was the 1stst Superior andSuperior and

coco--founder of thefounder of theCommunity of Sisters ofCommunity of Sisters ofCharityCharity


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From 17From 17thth centurycentury 1919thth centurycentury

Also called the Period ofReformation until the AmericanAlso called the Period ofReformation until the American

Civil WarCivil War

Hospitals were closedHospitals were closed

Nursing were the works of the least desirable peopleNursing were the works of the least desirable people(criminals, prostitutes, drunkards, slaves, and(criminals, prostitutes, drunkards, slaves, and

opportunists)opportunists)Nurses were uneducated, filthy, harsh, illNurses were uneducated, filthy, harsh, ill--fed, overworkedfed, overworked

Mass exodus for nursesMass exodus for nurses

The American Civil War was led by MartinLuther, the war

T

he American Civil War was led by MartinLuther, the warwas a religious upheaval that resulted to the destruction inwas a religious upheaval that resulted to the destruction inthe unity of Christians.the unity of Christians.

The conflict swept everything connected to RomanThe conflict swept everything connected to RomanCatholicism in schools, orphanages, and hospitalsCatholicism in schools, orphanages, and hospitals


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THEODORE FLIEDNERTHEODORE FLIEDNER

(a pastor) reconstituted(a pastor) reconstitutedthe Deaconesses andthe Deaconesses and

later be established thelater be established theSchool of Nursing atSchool of Nursing atKaiserswerthKaiserswerth, Germany, Germany

where Florencewhere Florence

Nightingale had her 1Nightingale had her 1stst

formal training for 3formal training for 3months as nursemonths as nurse


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FLORENCE NIGHTINGALEFLORENCE NIGHTINGALE

Practiced her professionPracticed her professionduring the Crimean Warduring the Crimean War

Lady with a LampLady with a Lamp

From a wellFrom a well--known familyknown family

Went to Germany to studyWent to Germany to study


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Florence Nightingale eraFlorence Nightingale era

Began in June 15, 1860 whenFlorence Nightingale School of NursingBegan in June 15, 1860 whenFlorence Nightingale School of Nursingopened at St. Thomas Hospital inLondon England, where 1opened at St. Thomas Hospital inLondon England, where 1stst programprogramfor formal education of Nurses began and contributedgrowth offor formal education of Nurses began and contributedgrowth ofNursing in theUSNursing in theUS

FACTORS THATINFLUENCED DEVELOPMENT OF NURSINGFACTORS THATINFLUENCED DEVELOPMENT OF NURSINGEDUCATION:EDUCATION:

Social forcesSocial forces

Trends resulting from warTrends resulting from war

Emancipationof womenEmancipationof women

Increased educational opportunitiesIncreased educational opportunities


Mother of Modern NursingMother of Modern Nursing

Lady with the LampLady with the Lamp

Born on May12, 1820 inFlorence, ItalyBorn on May12, 1820 inFlorence, Italy

Her SELFHer SELF--APPOINTED GOALAPPOINTED GOAL to change the profile of Nursingto change the profile of Nursing

She compiled notes of her visits to hospitals, her observations of sanitationShe compiled notes of her visits to hospitals, her observations of sanitation

practices and entered Deaconesses School of Nursing atpractices and entered Deaconesses School of Nursing at KaiserswerthKaiserswerth,,Germany for 3 months.Germany for 3 months.


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Superintendent of the Establishment for Gentle WomenSuperintendent of the Establishment for Gentle Womenduring the Illness (refers to the ill governess orduring the Illness (refers to the ill governess orinstructors of Nursinginstructors of Nursing

disapproved restriction on admission of patient anddisapproved restriction on admission of patient andconsidered this unchristian and contrary to health care.considered this unchristian and contrary to health care.

Upgraded the practice of Nursing and made Nursing a

Upgraded the practice of Nursing and made Nursing ahonorable professionhonorable profession

Led other nurses in taking care of the wounded and sickLed other nurses in taking care of the wounded and sicksoldiers during the Crimean Warsoldiers during the Crimean War

designated as Superintendent of the Femaledesignated as Superintendent of the Female

Establishment of English General Hospital inTurkeyEstablishment of English General Hospital inTurkeyduring the Crimean Warduring the Crimean War

reduced the casualties of war by 42%reduced the casualties of war by 42%--2% thru her effort2% thru her effortby improving the practice of sanitation techniques andby improving the practice of sanitation techniques andprocedure in the military barracksprocedure in the military barracks


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THE CONCEPTS OFFLORENCE NIGHTINGALETHE CONCEPTS OFFLORENCE NIGHTINGALEON NURSING SCHOOL:ON NURSING SCHOOL:

School of Nursing should be selfSchool of Nursing should be self--supportingnot subject tosupportingnot subject tothe whimps of the Hospital.the whimps of the Hospital.

Have decent living quarters for students and pay NurseHave decent living quarters for students and pay Nurseinstructorsinstructors

Correlate theories to practiceCorrelate theories to practice

Support Nursing research and promote continuingSupport Nursing research and promote continuingeducation for nurseseducation for nurses

Introduce teaching knowledge that disease could beIntroduce teaching knowledge that disease could beeliminated by cleanliness and sanitation and Florenceeliminated by cleanliness and sanitation and FlorenceNightingale likewise did not believed in the Germ TheoryNightingale likewise did not believed in the Germ Theoryof Bacteriology.of Bacteriology.

Opposed central registry ofnursesOpposed central registry ofnurses

Wrote Notes on Nursing, What it is and what it is not.Wrote Notes on Nursing, What it is and what it is not.

Wrote notes on hospitalsWrote notes on hospitals


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OTHERSCHOOLS OF NURSINGOTHERSCHOOLS OF NURSING

BellevueTraining School for NursesBellevueTraining School for Nurses New York CityNew York City

AlexianAlexian Brothers Hospital School of Nursing inUS exclusively forBrothers Hospital School of Nursing inUS exclusively formen. It opened in1348 and it closed down in1969.men. It opened in1348 and it closed down in1969.

LINDARICHARDSLINDARICHARDS the first graduate nurse inUS.the first graduate nurse inUS.Graduated in September 1, 1873.Graduated in September 1, 1873.

2 NURSING ASSOCIATION / ORGANIZATIONS THAT2 NURSING ASSOCIATION / ORGANIZATIONS THATUPGRADED NURSING PRACTICE IN US:UPGRADED NURSING PRACTICE IN US:

American Nurses AssociationAmerican Nurses Association

National League for Nursing EducationNational League for Nursing Education


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World War IIWorld War II presentpresent

This refers to the period after World War I and theThis refers to the period after World War I and thechanges and development in the trends andchanges and development in the trends andpractice of Nursing occurring since 1945 afterpractice of Nursing occurring since 1945 after

World War II.World War II.

Includes scientific and technological development,Includes scientific and technological development,social changes occurring after the war.social changes occurring after the war.

Nursing is offered in College and UniversitiesNursing is offered in College and Universities


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DEVELOPMENTAND TRENDS:DEVELOPMENTAND TRENDS:

W.H.O established byU.N to fight diseases by providing healthW.H.O established byU.N to fight diseases by providing healthinformation, proper nutrition, living standard, environmentalinformation, proper nutrition, living standard, environmentalconditions.conditions.

The use of Atomic energy for diagnosis and treatment.The use of Atomic energy for diagnosis and treatment.

Space Medicine and Aerospace NursingSpace Medicine and Aerospace Nursing Medical equipment and machines for diagnosis and treatmentMedical equipment and machines for diagnosis and treatment

Health related lawsHealth related laws

Primary Health CarePrimary Health Care Nurses involvement in CHNNurses involvement in CHN

Utilizationof computersUtilizationof computers

Technology advances such as development of disposable equipmentTechnology advances such as development of disposable equipmentand supplies that relieved the tedious task of Nurses.and supplies that relieved the tedious task of Nurses.

Development of the expanded role of NursesDevelopment of the expanded role of Nurses


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SOCIETALATTITUDES

Nursing was without organization, no education, andsocial status.

Womens role was in the home and no respectablewoman should have a career

Victorian Middle Class Women were just wives totheir husbands and children.

Nurses were poorly educated, some were incarceratedcriminals This was reflected in the book written byCharles Dickens through the character ofSairy Gamp

who cared for the patients by stealing from them,physically abused them. This literary works has greatlyaffected social attitudes about nursing, the negativeimpression and image ofnurses up to the contemporaryperiod.


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EARLY BELIEFS AND PRACTICESEARLY BELIEFS AND PRACTICES

Beliefs About Causation of Diseases:Beliefs About Causation of Diseases:Caused or inflicted by other person (enemy orCaused or inflicted by other person (enemy orwitch)witch)

Evil spiritsEvil spirits

BeliefsThat Evil Spirits Could Be Driven Off ByBeliefsThat Evil Spirits Could Be Driven Off ByPerson With Powers To Expel Bad Spirits:Person With Powers To Expel Bad Spirits:

Believed in Gods of healingBelieved in Gods of healingWord doctorsWord doctors priest physicianspriest physicians

HerbolariosHerbolarios herb doctorsherb doctors


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EARLY CARE OFTHE SICKEARLY CARE OFTHE SICK HERBICHEROSHERBICHEROS herbmenherbmenwho practice witchcraftwho practice witchcraft

MANGKUKULAM / MANGANGAWAYMANGKUKULAM / MANGANGAWAY a person suffersa person suffersfrom disease without any identified cause and werefrom disease without any identified cause and were

believed bewitched by suchbelieved bewitched by such Difficult child birth and some diseases (PMAO)Difficult child birth and some diseases (PMAO)

attributed to (NONO) midwivesattributed to (NONO) midwives

Difficult birth, witches were supposed to be the cause,Difficult birth, witches were supposed to be the cause,

gunpowder exploded from a bamboo pole close to thegunpowder exploded from a bamboo pole close to thehead of the mother to drive evil spiritshead of the mother to drive evil spirits


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EARLYHOSPITALSEARLYHOSPITALS

Hospital deHospital de IndiosIndios 15861586Franciscan OrdersFranciscan Orders

Hospital for the poor Filipino peopleHospital for the poor Filipino people

Hospital deHospital de AguasAguas SantasSantas 15901590Fray Juan BautistaFray Juan Bautista

Named after its location (near spring) becauseNamed after its location (near spring) becausepeople believed that spring has a healing power.people believed that spring has a healing power.

San Juan de Dios HospitalSan Juan de Dios Hospital 15961596For poor peopleFor poor people

Located atLocated at

R

oxasR

oxas BoulevardBoulevard


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DonaDona HilariaHilaria de Aguinaldode Aguinaldo

11ststwife of Emilio Aguinaldowife of Emilio Aguinaldo

Established Philippine Red CrossEstablished Philippine Red Cross February17, 1899February17, 1899

Dona MariaDona Maria AgoncilloAgoncillo de Aguinaldode Aguinaldo

22ndndwife of Emilio Aguinaldowife of Emilio Aguinaldo

11stst president of Philippine Red Cross (president of Philippine Red Cross (BatangasBatangas Chapter)Chapter)

Josephine BrackenJosephine Bracken

Helped Rizal in treating sick peopleHelped Rizal in treating sick people

PERSONAGESPERSONAGES


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MelchoraMelchora AquinoAquino

Took care of the woundedTook care of the wounded KatipunerosKatipuneros

AnastaciaAnastacia GironGiron TupazTupaz

Founder ofFilipino Nurses AssociationFounder ofFilipino Nurses Association establishedestablishedon October 15, 1922on October 15, 1922

11stst Filipino chiefnurse of PGHFilipino chiefnurse of PGH

11stst Filipino Superintendent of Nurses in the PhilippinesFilipino Superintendent of Nurses in the Philippines

Francisco DelgadoFrancisco Delgado

11stst president ofFilipino Nurses Associationpresident ofFilipino Nurses Association


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CesariaCesariaTanTan 11stst Filipino to receiveFilipino to receive MasteralMasteral Degree in Nursing abroadDegree in Nursing abroad

SocorroSocorro SirilanSirilanPioneer in Social Service at SanPioneer in Social Service at SanLazaroLazaro HospitalHospital

Also the chiefnurseAlso the chiefnurse

RosaRosa MilitarMilitarPioneer innursing educationPioneer innursing education

Socorro DiazSocorro Diaz 11stst editor of PNA magazine called, The Messageeditor of PNA magazine called, The Message

ConchitaConchita RuizRuiz

Full time editor of the PNAnewlynamed magazine, T

he FilipinoFull time editor of the PNAnewlynamed magazine, T

he FilipinoNurseNurse


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Iloilo Mission Hospital and School of NursingIloilo Mission Hospital and School of Nursing

Established in1906 under the supervision ofRoseEstablished in1906 under the supervision ofRoseNicolet (American)Nicolet (American)

Nursing courseNursing course 3yrs.3yrs.Produced 1Produced 1stst batch of Nursinggraduates in1909batch of Nursinggraduates in1909 2222nursesnurses

11stst TRAINED NURSES:TRAINED NURSES:

NicasiaNicasia CadaCada FelipaFelipa DelaDela PenaPena

DoroteaDorotea CalditoCaldito

April 1944April 1944 11stst Nursing Board Exam at Iloilo MissionNursing Board Exam at Iloilo Mission

HospitalHospital

EARLYNURSING SCHOOLSEARLYNURSING SCHOOLS


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PGH School of NursingPGH School of Nursing 19071907St. Paul School of NursingSt. Paul School of Nursing 19071907

St. Lukes School of NursingSt. Lukes School of Nursing 19071907

USTUST 19461946

MCUMCU 19471947

FatimaFatima 19471947


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Licensed Vocational Nursing Program /Licensed Vocational Nursing Program /

Licensed Practical Nursing ProgramLicensed Practical Nursing Program(LVN,LPN)(LVN,LPN)

REGISTERED NURSING PROGRAMS:REGISTERED NURSING PROGRAMS: Community College /Associate DegreeCommunity College /Associate Degree

Diploma ProgramDiploma Program Baccalaureate Degree ProgramBaccalaureate Degree Program

GRADUATE NURSING EDUCATION:GRADUATE NURSING EDUCATION: Masters DegreeMasters Degree

Doctoral DegreeDoctoral Degree

External DegreeExternal Degree


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LVN / LPN

Licensed Vocational Nursing Program / LicensedLicensed Vocational Nursing Program / LicensedPractical Nursing Program (LVN,LPN)Practical Nursing Program (LVN,LPN) Last for 9Last for 9 12 months12 months

Provide both classroom and clinical experiencesProvide both classroom and clinical experiences

Provided by the community colleges, vocational schools,Provided by the community colleges, vocational schools,hospitals, or other independent health agencies.hospitals, or other independent health agencies.

Under supervision ofRNUnder supervision ofRN

Prepares students how to give basic direct technical carePrepares students how to give basic direct technical care

Graduate takes NCLEXGraduate takes NCLEX PN to obtain license as aPN to obtain license as apractical or vocational course.practical or vocational course.


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REGISTERED NURSING

PROGRAMSCommunity College / Associate DegreeCommunity College / Associate Degree

Arose in early1950sArose in early1950s

22--year programyear program

Technical nurse or bedside nurseTechnical nurse or bedside nurse

ADN (AA or AS)ADN (AA or AS)

Diploma ProgramDiploma Program 33--year programyear program

HospitalHospital--basedbased

Provide rich clinical experience for nursesProvide rich clinical experience for nurses

Associated with colleges and universitiesAssociated with colleges and universities


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Baccalaureate Degree ProgramBaccalaureate Degree Program

Early Baccalaureate ProgramEarly Baccalaureate Program 55--year program (3year program (3--yearyeardiploma program in addition to 2 years of liberal arts)diploma program in addition to 2 years of liberal arts)

Todays Baccalaureate Degree ProgramTodays Baccalaureate Degree Program 44--55--yearyearprogramprogram

Offer courses in the liberal arts, sciences, humanities,Offer courses in the liberal arts, sciences, humanities,and nursingand nursing

Graduates must fulfill both the degree requirements ofGraduates must fulfill both the degree requirements ofthe college or university and the nursing program beforethe college or university and the nursing program beforebeing awarded a baccalaureate degree.being awarded a baccalaureate degree.

BSNBSN

Also admit RN who have diplomas or associate degrees.Also admit RN who have diplomas or associate degrees. Much backgroundMuch background

More theoriesMore theories


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NURSING PROGRAM

y 4-year basic program for the degree of Bachelor of Science inNursing.

- The curriculum provides for a common two-year

program to all health.The Associate in Health Science Education

(AHSE) is the two-year common course offering by the College

developed in accordance with the provisions of Republic Act(RA) No. 7722 or the Higher Education Act of 1994 and

CHED order No. 59, series 1996. The AHSE program constitutes

the general education component of all baccalaureate degreesleading to the Health profession.

y The first level is focused on the study of physical, biological,social science and humanities.

NURSING PROGRAM


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NURSING PROGRAM

y The second level provides a more intensive and deeper insightcognizant to the concept of man as a bio-psychosocial-cultural

y The 1st semester of the 3rd level is concentrates on the study ofmaternal & childcare and basic human function as means oflaying the groundwork for the 2nd semester study of the illnessstate of a person. The 2nd semester of the 3rd level examines theconcept of illness particularly from the social, epidemiological,

ecological, economic as well as cultural facets. An emphasis isgiven to pathological processes and coping techniques .This iswith the end view of acquiring the competencies required in thecare of a sick client.

y The 1st semester of the 4th level extends the nursing care of asick client to include the promotion of health in prevention andcontrol of illness and disabilities, cure and rehabilitation. The2nd semester of 4th level is focused on the acquisition ofcompetencies necessary in the professional practice.


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Different settings allows students to showcase a

composite set ofskills such as:

y 1) initiatingnursing actions in cases of emergencysituations where the physician is not immediately available;

y 2) applying results of research studies related to nursing;

y 3) possessingnecessary attitudes for his/her personal and

professional growth; andy 4) analyzing the legal aspect ofnursing practice.

y At the end of the fourth level, the student is deemed able todeliver nursing care services utilizing the nursing process;

demonstrate skill in basic research, leadership andmanagement as a beginningnurse practitioner in variedsettings.

N i C i l N 5 Y


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Nursing Curriculum Now 5 Years

y

Nursing EducationUpdate: Nursing Education thePhilippines will never be the same again. Nursing, as acourse in college, mayno longer be as attractive asbefore starting this school year. Philippine Nursing

Curriculum has dramatically changed since theCommissionon Higher Educations issuance of CHEDMemorandum Order (MO) No. 5, series of 2008otherwise known as Policies and Standards forBachelor of Science in Nursing Program. This CHEDMemo makes BSN a five-year course.


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Nursing Curriculum Now 5 Years

y From an educators standpoint, if CHED intended toupgrade or improve the existing Nursing Curriculum,they should have included in the new one some foreignlanguage subjects (French, German, Norwegian or

Spanish).T

his is because the ultimate goal of most FilipinoNurses is to go abroad and earn more money. Since this isthe case, why shouldnt CHED include in the New NursingCurriculum subjects that will help our Nursing studentscommunicate better with foreigners speaking languagesother than English? This is perhaps an oversight on the part

of our policy makers. If CHED wanted to equip our Nursingstudents with new tools, it should have been in the area ofcommunication and NOT in the the area ofRelatedLearning Experiences because Nursing students haveenough RLEs. Well, thats just my take.

y


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GRADUATE NURSING

EDUCATION

Masters DegreeMasters Degree

1.51.5 22--year programyear program Encourage the development of graduate study in nursingEncourage the development of graduate study in nursing

Major emphasis was to be research and specialization forMajor emphasis was to be research and specialization forteaching and administrationteaching and administration

Provide specialized knowledge and skills that enable nurses toProvide specialized knowledge and skills that enable nurses to

assume advanced roles in practice, education, administration,assume advanced roles in practice, education, administration,and research.and research.

MAN / MSNMAN / MSN

Doctoral ProgramDoctoral Program PhD, DNS, NDPhD, DNS, ND

Further prepares the nurse for advanced clinical practice,Further prepares the nurse for advanced clinical practice,administration, education, and research.administration, education, and research.

Content and approach vary among doctoral programs.Content and approach vary among doctoral programs.

All emphasized researchAll emphasized research

No specific timeNo specific time


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N i E i i d


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Nursing Examination and

Registration

y Article 4, Sections 12 to 13 and RA9173 - all nursinggraduates must apply for a professional license beforebecoming eligible for nursing practice. This involves

passing a written examinationgiven by the Board ofNursing. To be admitted to the examination, the applicantmust be:

y a citizen of the Philippines or a citizen of a country that

permits Filipino nurses to practice within its territoriallimits, on the same basis as the citizen of such country;

y an individual acknowledged with good moral character;

y and a holder of a bachelor's degree innursing in a duly

Q lifi ti f th Ch i


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Qualifications ofthe Chairperson

andMembers ofthe Board

y a natural born citizen and resident of the Philippines

y ; a member ofgood standing of an accredited professionalorganization ofnurses in the Philippines;

y a registered nurse and holder of a master's degree innursing, education or other allied medical profession

y have at least 10 years of continuous education

y The Commission of Higher Education (CHED) and theProfessional Regulation Commission (PRC) have recentlyreleased information on the top performingnursingschools in the Philippines for those interested in studyingabroad to obtain their nursing education


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y Act # 1931 Created for the ESTABLISHMENTOF NURSINGSCHOOLS in the country under the Bureau of Education in1909.

y Act # 1975 An act that transferred the school ofNURSINGUNDERTHEBUREAUOF HEALTH.

y Act # 2468 An act that authorized the GRANTINGOF THETITLESofgraduate innursing and midwifery from the school ofnursing of

Philippine General Hospital in1915.

y RA# 1080 This act approved on1954 is also known as, An ActDeclaring the Bar and Board Examinations as CIVILSERVICE

EXAMINATIONS which means that when a four year degree coursegraduate had passed the board examinations or the Bar examinationsfor lawyers they automatically become first grade civil service eligible.


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y General Order No. 18 enjoins all citizens of the Philippines,universities, colleges, schools, government offices, mass media,

voluntary and religious organizations of all creeds, business andindustrial enterprises to promote the concept of family welfare,responsible parenthood and family planning.

y Letter of Instruction No.47 directs all schools of medicine,nursing, midwifery and allied medical professions and social

work to prepare, plan, and implement the INTEGRATION OFFAMILYPLANNING in their curricula and to require from theirgraduates sufficient appropriate licensing examination


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Unit1 History

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