UNITED STATES TRIES TO CONTAIN SOVIETS

Chapter 17 Section 1 Part 2

Containment

Truman’s foreign policy aimed at blocking Soviet influence and stopping the expansion of communism. Includes forming alliances and helping weak countries

resist communismTruman Doctrine

Support for countries that rejected communism Ex. Turkey and Greece- $400 million

The Marshall Plan

Secretary of State George C. Marshall proposed the plan to give needy countries in Europe

Provided food, machinery, and other materials to rebuild Europe

12.5 Billion dollars sent to Europe

The Berlin Airlift

In 1948 the US, Britain, and France decide to withdraw from Germany and reunite the country Soviet Union responds by holding West Berlin hostage Soviet Union cuts off all highway, water, and rail traffic

into W. Berlin- They face starvation Stalin believes that they will give up Berlin or give up

trying to reunify GermanyBritish and Americans fly supplies in for 11

months. Totaling 278,000 flights Soviets admit defeat and give up the blockade in May

of 1949.

Cold War

A struggle over political differences carried on by means short of military action or war. In 1949 the two superpowers used tactics such as

espionage, propaganda, diplomacy, and secret operations.

Most other countries allied with one side or the other

NATO vs. Warsaw Pact

North Atlantic Treaty Organization(NATO) A defensive alliance between the US, Canada and 10

Western European countries. Formed in 1949Warsaw Pact

The Soviet Union’s alliance formed to deal the NATO threat in 1955. Included Most of Eastern Europe

1961 E. Germans build the Berlin Wall- seen as a symbol of the divided world

Nuclear War

The Cold War threatened to destroy the entire world 1949 USSR test their own A-bomb The H-Bomb is created by the US and tested in 1952

It is THOUSANDS of times more powerful than A-bomb Uses Fusion instead of Fission

Brinkmanship

Brinkmanship the willingness to come to the edge of war Created by secretary of state John Foster Dulles Need good military and weapons for this to be

successful, so US and USSR have an arms race

War in the Skies

Cold War paves the way for new science and technology Space Race- Sputnik U-2 incident- Francis Gary Powers, spy plane