Universal Knowledgeand

Universal Networking Language:

One of the most crucial componentsin solving Digital Divide on the Internet

Dr. Kazuhiko Nishinishi@media.mit.edu

Massachusetts Institute of Technology&

UNL Foundation

January 17, 2001 Geneva, Switzerland

2

Humankind has become the master of this planet through languages and characters

Languages and characters have guided humankind's development and growth

Languages and charactersare

a bridge linking all nations and peoples

3

4

1st global bridge: Postal service in the 19th Century

2nd global bridge: Telephone andfacsimile service in the 20th Century

3rd global bridge: The Internet in the 21st Century

The Internet occupies a position of major historical importance

5

Eliminate the digital divide&

Realize an environmentin which people can learnand exert their creativity

Providing measures against social problems includingmedical care, education,

and the environment

Ensuring accessibility to new international

industries

Creating tolerantcommunities with diverse languages

and cultures

Guaranteeing expressionthrough diverse values

and modes

Aiming to develop a technological environment that will enable

anyone in the world to participate indigital communication and share

knowledge on the Web anytime, anywhere.

6

The spread of the Internet will expand the unfairness of knowledge

Defacto standard language on the Internet English

Knowledge ends up being created and stored in English

The knowledge of those who speak English increases further

↓

Those who cannot speak English are unable to access knowledge over the Internet

The gap grows larger and larger

＞＞＞

7

Population Forecasts for Major Cities in 2010 (unit: millions)(14) Calcutta (India) 15.70 m(15) New Delhi (India) 15.58 m(16) Los Angeles (USA) 13.91 m(17) Seoul (South Korea) 13.91 m(18) Buenos Aries (Argentina) 13.68 m(19) Cairo (Egypt) 13.42 m(20) Rio de Janeiro (Brazil) 13.32 m(21) Bangkok (Thailand) 12.74 m(22) Tehran (Iran) 11.88 m(23) Istanbul (Turkey) 11.80 m(24) Osaka (Japan) 10.60 m(25) Moscow (Russia) 10.37 m(26) Lima (Peru) 10.07 m

(1) Tokyo (Japan)28.93 m(2) San Paolo (Brazil) 24.97 m(3) Bombay (India) 24.37 m(4) Shanghai (China) 21.67 m(5) Lagos (Nigeria)21.09 m(6) Mexico City (Mexico 18.02 m(7) Beijing (China)17.97 m(8) Dhaka (Bangladesh)17.55 m(9) New York (USA) 17.23 m(10) Jakarta (Indonesia)17.20 m(11) Karachi (Pakistan)17.02 m(12) Manila (Philippines)16.06 m(13) Tenshin (China) 15.70 m

1

2

3 4

56

7

8

9

10

1112

13

1415

1617

18

19

20

2122

23

24

25

26

Source: World Bank Data

8

Aimlessly expanding the Internet will serveonly to widen the gap between North and South.

Nations with an abundance of information will flourish,while

those that cannot access information will flounder.

Initiating dialogue between East and Westand

narrowing the gap between North and Southrequires that we bring the world closer together.

9

In order for humankind to be able to share knowledge,the following must happen:

1. Inexpensive PCs must become available throughout the world.

2. There must be universal access to the Internet.

3. The problem of language barriers must be resolved.

10

By 2005, develop tools that enable everyone, everywhere

to participate in the digitalcommunity and share knowledge

in their mother tongue for $10

Platform

Available toeveryone at a low price

Develop a $10 network PC

Cardboard PC based on oneVLSI chip and circuits printed on paper

UPC (Universal Paper Computer) Project

Develop a browser-basedtranslation system between

１８６ languages

Application

Accessible in any language

Develop a wireless connection kitto the Internet

Network

Accessible anywherein the world

UIA (Universal Internet Access) Project

Three projects will be promoted to pursue universal goals.

UNL (Universal Networking Language) Project

11

Universal Knowledge

Project 1

Developing $10 network PC

Cardboard PC based on one

VLSI chip and circuits printed on paper

UPC

(Universal Paper Computer)

Project

Manufacturing several kinds of VLSI chips

based on Strong Arm

Developing improved Linux,JAVA, and CPU-independent

P-code as the OS andprogramming language

Recyclable cardboardand plastic body

Technology for printingcircuits on paper(application of Joe

Jacobson’s research)

Power supply byair and solar batteries

12

Universal Knowledge

Project 2

Developing a wirelessconnection kit to the Internet

UIA

(Universal Internet Access)

Project

Satellite

Ku band transponderon PanAmSat-6

Frequency

Ku band and2.4 GHz

IEEE 802.11bTerrestrial network between

wireless packetrouters and clients

High-powered BluetoothTerrestrial wireless network

between routers

TCP/IP CDMASpace-based wireless network

between Vsat base stationsand Vsat routers

13

Universal Knowledge

Project 3

Develop a browser-basedtranslation system between

186 languages

UNL

(Universal Networking Language)

Project

Automatedtranslationtechnology

Codeconversiontechnology

Web-basedoperation

technology

14

UNL Is a Way to Solve the Problem

Store knowledge in both its mother tongue and UNL

Those who speak that mother tongue can access knowledge as is

Those who speak another language can use a deconverter to translate UNL into their own

language

Users install the deconverter as a plug-in for their browser

15

UNL is appointed with three missions vital to world history

Three Vital Missions of UNL

1. Accurate communication 2. Speedy communication

3. Communication of state-of-mind

If UNL fails in these three vital missions, great trouble awaits

Wars springing from misunderstanding will result

16

The success of UNL willcreate a true global network society.

• If UNL fails, the world will not be united as one.

↓

The global network society will be linked by a UNL bridge.

17

Distributing 100 sets of $10 PCs andconnection kits to 1,000 communities

throughout the world

Supported by Digital Foster Families

Workshops and contestsfor designing a $10 PC

Online festivalby participating

communities

Communication testsusing pictographs

and symbols

Digital applications tocommunity problemssuch as medical care,

education, and theenvironment.

ITU

UNESCOCamp

MLE

Jr.Summit

Unicef

Attempting to solve social problemsand obtain technical feedbackthrough field tests with other

related organizations

18

Strong Arm,Linux

Ku band

By 2005, develop tools that enable everyone, everywhere

to participate in the digitalcommunity and share knowledge

in their mother tongue for $10

Field tests

Ver Jan 08 2001

Platform

Available toeveryone at a low price

Develop a $10 network PC

Cardboard PC based on oneVLSI chip and circuits printed on paper

Develop a browser-basedtranslation system between

186 languages

Application

Accessible in any language

Develop a wireless connection kitto the Internet

Network

Accessible anywherein the world

Distributing 100 sets of $10 PCs and connection kits to 1,000 communitiesDigital Foster Families

Workshops and contestsfor designing a $10 PC

Digital applications to community problems such as medical care,

education, and the environment.

Feedback fortechnology evaluation

Online festival by participating communities

ITU UNESCO Harvard IOCCamp MLEJr.

Summit

Communication tests using pictographs and symbols

Unicef

Universal Knowledge

UPC (Universal Paper Computer) Project

UIA (Universal Internet Access) Project UNL (Universal Networking Language) Project

UnitedNations

University

UnitedNations

UNLFoundation

19

Established Achievements in Key Languages

byGovernments, Universities, Laboratories, and Companies

forArabic, Chinese, English, French,

German, Hindi, Indonesian, Italian,Japanese, Latvian, Mongolian,

Portuguese, Russian, Spanish, Swahili, and Thai

with support fromUnited Nations University, Institute for Advanced Study,

and UNL Center

20

Our Goals

By the year 2000,16 languages online with UNL. (Almost done)

By the end of year 2002,all EU languages online with UNL. (Soon)

By the year 2006,support all 186 UN member states.

We need a new organizationunder the UN system.

UNLPUnited Nation Language Programme

The UNL Foundation is a way to make this happen.

21

Proposed New Collaborating Organizations

United Nations,UNESCO/WHC,European Union,

andMassachusetts Institute of Technology,

as well asnewspaper companies,

radio and TV companies,book and magazine publishers, and

music and movie Studios

with the support ofUNL Foundation

22

The organization that accomplishes thiswill gain astronomical profit and fame

However, we should not purse this project for profit and fame

Should we not instead make this come true for the world as a legacy for our future generations?

If we do not do this, it is likely that other groups will try the same thing

Not for competitionbut for open cooperation and open collaboration

with other organizations and groups