UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA DEL ESTADO DE HIDALGODEL ESTADO DE HIDALGO

Instituto de Ciencias Económico Administrativas

– Área Académica:Área Académica: Comercio ExteriorComercio Exterior

– Tema:Tema: Análisis de CorrelaciónAnálisis de Correlación

– Profesor:Profesor: Ramiro Cadena UribeRamiro Cadena Uribe

– Periodo:Periodo: Enero – Junio de 2015

Tema: Analysis of Tema: Analysis of relationships between relationships between

variables on the marketvariables on the market AbstractAbstract::

In the market study is required to understand the relationships between the variables that determine the nature and the tendency of commercial activities. Mathematics offers a very practical tool to know the nature of these relationships, magnitude, direction and thus the behavior of a variable is explained with respect to another or others.

KeywordsKeywords:: market, variables, relationships.

Correlation AnalysisCorrelation Analysis

The behavior of a variable in the market, as sales can be explained by the behavior of other variables such as:

Advertising costs, number of sellers Assigned to a geographic

areaParity of the peso against the dollar 

You need to have an instrument to explain the strength of this relationship, the meaning and the degree of explanation with respect to each other. The descriptive statistics provide an instrument known as “Correlation Coefficient“. Its value ranges from -1 to +1.

With the above you can obtain the following information.

A negative sign implies a negative relationship. The higher the value of a variable value less than the other.

A positive sign implies a positive relationship. If it grows the value of a variable so does the value of the other .

There may be a weak or no relationship between the variables, this is detected when the correlation coefficient is zero or close to zero.

There is a strong relationship when the values of the correlation coefficient is close to -1 or +1.

  The coefficient of determination R2 explains the behavior of a variable in terms of another, such that 80 % of sales is due to advertising expenses.

This will help the market to detect students who are the real factors in the trade and take timely remedial action.

Processing in Excel Processing in Excel Correlation Coefficient RCorrelation Coefficient R

1. Place the pointer in the cell crossing variables where you want Excel to record the correlation coefficient R.2. In financial formulas click Correlation Coefficient. 3. A dialog box appears, in the space of the first matrix column select the data of the dependent variable.4. The following matrix select the data column of the independent variable.5. Click OK.

Excel Rendering Excel Rendering Determination Coefficient R2Determination Coefficient R2

1. Place the pointer in the cell crossing variables where you want Excel to record the coefficient of determination R2.2. In financial formulas clicking coefficient R2.3. A dialog box appears, in the space of the first matrix column select the data of the dependent variable.4. The following matrix select the data column of the independent variable.5. Click OK.

ExampleExample

Month Sales ( Thousands of Dollars )

Advertising expenses

( Thousands of Dollars )

Number of salespeople

assigned

January 80 3 4February 150 8 7March 70 4 5April 98 6 6May 105 7 4June 149 6 7July 123 5 4August 86 8 4September 77 5 6October 101 3 7November 90 4 5December 100 7 7

ExampleExample

Crossing variables

R R2

Advertising Sales - Costs 0.445543485 0.198508997

Number of sales - Sellers 0.440631309 0.194155951

Interpretation of ResultsInterpretation of Results

Advertising sales - costs

There is a positive relationship between sales and advertising costs, ie to more advertising costs more sales.

There is a middle-relationship between these two variables.

The 19.85 % of sales are due to advertising expenses.

Interpretation of ResultsInterpretation of Results

Number of sales - sellers

There is a positive relationship between sales and the number of assigned vendors, ie more vendors assigned to more sales.

There is a middle-relationship between these two variables.

The 19.41 % of sales are explained by the number of vendors.

Bibliographic ReferencesBibliographic References

Matemáticas Aplicadas a la Administración Economía y Ciencias sociales

4ª. Edición

Frank S Budrick

Septiembre 2013

EstadísticaSegunda Edición

Murray R Spiegel

Ed. Mc Graw Hill