UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA

PAPER MAKING PROCESS FROMCOCONUT COIR AS AN ALTERNATIVE TO

WOOD

KHIRIL NIZAM BIN HUSIN

Dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirementsfor the degree of

Master of Education (Visual Art Education)

Faculty of Education

June 2013

AUTHORS DECLARATION

I declare that the work in this dissertation was carried out in accordance with the

regulation of Universiti Teknologi MARA. It is original and is the result of my own

work, unless otherwise indicated or acknowledged as referenced work. This topic has

not been submitted to any other academic institution or non-academic institution for

any other degree or qualification.

I, hereby, acknowledge that I have been supplied with the Academic Rules and

Regulations for Post Graduate, Universiti Teknologi MARA, regulation the conduct of

my stucy and research.

Name of student

Student I.D No

Programme

Faculty

Thesis Title

Signature of Candidate

Date

Khiril Nizam Bin Husin

2009555003

ED722 - Masters of Education (Visual Art

Education)

Faculty of Education

Paper Making Process From Coconut Coir as an

Alternative to Wood

ii

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study was to identify whether the coconut coir can be replaced

wood as the main material to produce paper in the future. Paper and paper-based products

are important in our lives. They are use in all our dealings whether in the office,

supermarket, and restaurant or even use the bathroom. Paper also is one of the important

things and it is used extensively in the offices. In 1996, Malaysia has own paper usage

and has reached almost two million metric tons.

Because of the widespread use of paper throughout the world, it causes the use of

wood in large quantities for the production of paper. This has caused problems in

supplying paper at this time. Therefore, the present research has been focusing towards

finding the raw materials that is capable for replacing wood as the main material. Hence,

this project is done in order to test whether coconut fiber (fiber) could potentially replace

the use of wood in paper making.

A research has been done before about coir fiber. Coconut coir contains cellulose

fiber which is high enough and it can be used as pulp manufacturing. It can also be used

in the manufacture of composite materials consisting of a combination of coir fiber paper

pulp and pulp formation of HVS. Furthermore fiber pulp fibers having the highest levels

of alpha cellulose mixed with pulp from waste paper used as raw material in the

manufacture of composite paper. Then form a composite paper features such as strong

pull, the ability to absorb ink, writing ability and endurance has been tested.

ABSTRAK

Tujuan kajian ini adalah untuk mengenal pasti sama ada sabut kelapa boleh

menjadi bahan altematif untuk menggantikan kayu sebagai bahan utama bagi

menghasilkan kertas pada masa hadapan. Kertas merupakan produk yang penting

dalam kehidupan kita. Ianya digunakan dalam semua urusan kita sama ada di pejabat,

pasar raya, dan restoran atau menggunakan bilik mandi. Kertas juga merupakan salah

satu perkara yang penting dan ia digunakan secara meluas di' pejabat-pejabat. Pada

tahun 1996, Malaysia mempunyai penggunaan kertas sendiri dan telah mencapai

harnpir dua juta tan metrik.

Oleh kerana penggunaan meluas kertas di seluruh dunia, ia menyebabkan

penggunaan kayu dalam kuantiti yang besar untuk pengeluaran kertas. Ini telah

menimbulkan masalah dalam membekalkan kertas pada masa ini. Oleh itu, kajian ini

telah memberi tumpuan ke arah mencari bahan-bahan mentah yang mampu untuk

menggantikan kayu sebagai bahan utama. Oleh itu, kajian ini dilakukan untuk menguji

sama ada sabut kelapa (serat) berkemungkinan boleh menggantikan penggunaan kayu

dalam pembuatan kertas.

Sabut kelapa mengandungi serat selulosa yang cukup tinggi dan ia boleh

digunakan sebagai pembuatan pulpa. Ia juga boleh digunakan dalam pembuatan bahan

komposit terdiri daripada gabungan coir serat kertas pulpa dan pembentukan pulpa

HVS. Gentian pulpa serat pula mempunyai tahap tertinggi selulosa alfa bercampur

dengan pulpa daripada kertas buangan yang digunakan sebagai bahan mentah dalam

pembuatan kertas komposit. Kemudian membentuk ciri-ciri kertas komposit seperti

tarikan yang kukuh, keupayaan untuk menyerap dakwat, berkeupayaan untuk menulis

dan ketahanan telah diuji.

ACKNOWLEGMENT

In the name of Allah, the most gracious and the most merciful who has given me

the faith and strength to complete this project. First and foremost, 1 would like to express

my deepest appreciation to my supervisor for his patience, guidance and support towards

the completion of this dissertation.

My sincere thanks to my friends Ricky and Yusuf who helped me in paper making

and provided some ideas and suggestion. Last but not least, many thanks go to my parents

and family in for their fully support in completing this project. I appreciate the guidance

given by other supervisor as well as the panels especially in our project presentation that

has improved our presentation skills thanks to their comments and advice.

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