414

(with honours) in Physiology concurrently withtheir work for the degree of M.B., Ch.B. The SecondExamination : Candidates must have attended coursesof instruction in Physiology (first part) for one year,and in Anatomy for five terms. The Third Examina-tion : Candidates must have attended courses ofinstruction in Pathology for five terms, in Pharma-cology for four terms (and one term in Pharmacy),in Applied Anatomy for four terms, and in Physiology(second part) for six terms. The Final Examination :The subjects are, Part I., Forensic Medicine andPublic Health. Candidates must have attendedcourses for one term in each subject ; Part II.,Medicine (including Mental Diseases, Diseases ofChildren, and Vaccination), Special Pathology (includ-ing Morbid Anatomy and Clinical Pathology), andTherapeutics ; Part III., Surgery (including theadministration of Anaesthetics. Diseases or the Ear.Nose, and Throat, Ophthalmology, and SurgicalPathology), and Obstetrics and Gynaecology, includingAntenatal and Postnatal practice and Infant Hygiene.Candidates for Parts II. and III. must have com-pleted a minimum of five and a half years of approvedstudy.

Degree of Doctor of Medicine.-Candidates forthe degree of Doctor of Medicine must havepassed the examination for the degrees of M.B.,Ch.B. at least three years previously, must presenta thesis embodying observations in some subjectapproved by the professor of medicine, and mustpass an examination in the Principles and Practiceof Medicine.

Degree of Master of Surgery.-Candidates must havetaken the M.B., Ch.B. at least three years previously,and must since have held for not less than twelvemonths a surgical appointment in a public hospital.The subjects of examination are Systematic,

Clinical, and Operative Surgery, Surgical Anatomy,Surgical Pathology and Bacteriology.

Scholarships and Prizes.-The following scholarshipsare offered : Four Town Trustees scholarships offeredannually, each of the value of ;S50 per annum for threeyears. Medical: offered annually, covers cost oftuition for a degree course in the Faculty of Medicine.Six Edgar Allen, offered annually, each of the value of.8100 per annum for three years. Post-graduate :Frederick Clifford scholarship, value 250 per annum,tenable for two years. Mechanics’ Institute scholar-ship, value £ 50 for one year with free admission to thoseUniversity courses taken by the holder in connexionwith his work, renewable for a second year. TownTrustees fellowship, value j675 for one year. Medalsand Prizes : Kaye scholarship ; Thomas WoodcockPrize ; Gold Medal in Clinical Medicine and Surgery ;John Hall Gold Medal in Pathology ; Holroyd GoldMedal in Anaesthetics ; the Walter S. Kay Gold Medalin Mental Diseases ; bronze medals. Particularsof all the abpve may be obtained from theRegistrar.

The Medical School.-The Medical Departmentoccupies the entire north wing of the Universityquadrangle. The various athletic and other students’societies are under the management of the UnionRepresentative Council, elected annually. Thereare large and comfortable common rooms bothfor men and women students, and two Students’Unions, one for men and one for women. Arefectory is open daily at the University wherestudents may obtain meals and refreshments atmoderate prices. The University journal The Arrows,edited by a committee of staff and students,is published each term, and the medical school alsopublishes a journal. A well-equipped Union buildingis in course of erection. There is good hostel accom-modation for women students and similar amenitieswill soon be provided for men.

Clinical Studies. - The University is withineasy reach of the various hospitals with whichit is connected for clinical purposes, and, as

will be seen, the aggregate number of beds isvery large.

The SHEFFIELD ROYAL INFIRMARY (500 beds) pro-vides all the opportunities of a large general hospitalwith special departments for Skin and Ear. TheSHEFFIELD ROYAL HOSPITAL (340 beds) has specialout-patient departments for Diseases of the Throat,Ear, Skin, Orthopaedics, and Mental Diseases. Thetwo institutions are amalgamated for the purposes ofclinical practice, medical, surgical, and special. Thereare special departments for the treatment of Diseasesof the Eye, with wards assigned to them, at bothhospitals, and excellent junior appointments. TheJESSOP HOSPITAL FOR DISEASES OF WOMEN, with143 beds, has also a Maternity department, with about110 in-patients per annum and about 3000 out-patientcases attended. The CHILDREN’S HOSPITAL has 92beds. Special courses on Fevers are held at theCITY FEVER HOSPITALS (988 beds) and on MentalDiseases at the SOUTH YORKSHIRE MENTAL HospiTAL(2000 beds). Every facility is afforded in the variouslaboratories for the prosecution of advanced studiesand research.

Post-graduate Courses.-Post-graduate courses ofclinical instruction are held annually in the varioushospitals connected with the School.

UNIVERSITY OF BRISTOL

In the Faculty of Medicine there are the followingdegrees : Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor ofSurgery (M.B. and Ch.B.), Doctor of Medicine (M.D.),Master of Surgery (Ch.M.), Bachelor of Dental Surgery(B.D.S.), and Master of Dental Surgery (M.D.S).There are also the following diplomas : Diploma inPublic Health (D.P.H.), Diploma in Dental Surgery(L.D.S.), and Diploma in Veterinary State Medicine.

All candidates for degrees in Medicine, Surgery, andDentistry are required to pass, at Matriculationstandard, an examination called the School CertificateExamination, or to pass such examination as may beregarded as equivalent by the Senate. All courses,degrees, and diplomas are open to men and women.

Degrees of Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelorof Surgery.-Candidates shall be not less than21 years of age and shall have pursued the coursesprescribed by University Regulations during notless than five years after passing the first examina-tion in Chemistry and Physics and entering on theprofessional curriculum at the University, or an

institution recognised as equivalent, of which threeshall have been passed in the University, and two ofthese three subsequent to passing the second examina-tion. All candidates for the degrees of M.B., Ch.B. arerequired to satisfy the examiners in the severalsubjects of three examinations. The First Examina-tion : The subjects of examination are : Chemistry(Inorganic), Physics, and Biology, the courses pur-sued being those for the time being approved forthe intermediate part of the B.Sc. curriculum. Thispart of the curriculum shall extend over one year.(Candidates who have passed the Higher SchoolCertificate approved by the Board of Education inthese subjects will not be required to sit for thefirst examination and will be regarded as havingcompleted one year of study.) The Second Examina-tion : The subjects of examination are : OrganicChemistry (Part I.) and Anatomy and Physiology(Part II.). The Final Examination : The subjectsof examination are : Materia Medica and Pharmacy,Pharmacology and Therapeutics, General Pathology,Morbid Anatomy, and Bacteriology (Part I.) ; SpecialPathology, Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, PublicHealth, Obstetrics (including Diseases of Women),Surgery (Systematic, Clinical, Practical, and Opera-tive, including Ophthalmology and Oto-rhino-laryn-gology), Medicine (Systematic, Clinical, and Practical,including Mental Diseases) (Part II.). The subjectsincluded in Part II. may be taken in two groups-viz., Group 1., Surgery and Obstetrics ; Group II.,Medicine, Public Health, Special Pathology, ForensicMedicine, and Toxicology. Candidates may passParts I. and II. together, or separately, and the twogroups of Part II. may be taken together or separately,

415

but no student can obtain honours who elects to takethe two groups of Part II. separately. ForensicMedicine and Toxicology may be taken with Part I.,or with Group II. of Part II.

Degree of Doctor of M edicine.-Candidates shall beBachelors of the University of not less than two years’standing as such and may elect either (1) to pass anexamination in General Medicine, or (2) to pass anexamination in State Medicine, or (3) to present aDissertation. The candidate who elects to pass theexamination in State Medicine must hold a Diplomain Public Health of some University or College, andthe candidate who elects to present a Dissertationmay be examined in the subject thereof.

Degree of Master of Surgery.-The degree may betaken in General Surgery or in Special Subjects. Candi-dates shall be Bachelors of the University who havepractised for two years in an approved hospital(including the holding of an approved appointmentfor six months) and one of the two years shall havebeen spent in a hospital with a medical school attached.They shall present a Dissertation and pass an exami-nation. For General Surgery, the examination shallinclude a written examination in Surgery, a writtenexamination in Surgical Anatomy and SurgicalPathology, a Clinical examination, an oral exami-nation and an examination in Operative Surgery.For special subjects-that is, Ophthalmology or Oto-rhino-laryngology or Gynaecology-the examinationshall include a written examination in the-Anatomy,Physiology, and Pathology of the region of the bodyconcerned (including in the case of Ophthalmology,Physiological Optics) and a written examination inGeneral Surgery together with a written, oral, andclinical examination in the particular branch ofSurgery concerned, as well as an examination inOperative Surgery of the region concerned.

Scholarships and Prizes.-The following are awardedThe Ashworth Hallett Scholarship, value :840, opento women only; two Martyn Memorial Patho-logical Scholarships of 1:10 each; the TibbitsMemorial Prize, value 7 guineas, for proficiency inpractical surgery ; the Committee’s Gold and SilverMedals for fifth or sixth year students for generalproficiency ; the Augustin Prichard Prize, valueabout 6 guineas, for proficiency in anatomy ; theHenry Clark Prize, value 11 guineas, for proficiencyin gynaecology; the Crosby Leonard Prize, value6 guineas, for proficiency in surgery ; the SupleSurgical Prize, a gold medal and 7 guineas ; theSuple Medical Prize, a gold medal and 7 guineas ;the Henry Marshall Prize, value B12, for dressers ;the H. M. Clarke Scholarship, value ;B15, for proficiencyin surgery ; the Sanders Scholarship, value £ 22 10s.,for general proficiency ; the Barrett-Roue Scholarshipfor proficiency in diseases of the eye, ear, nose, andthroat or skin, value 617 ; Lady Haberfield Scholar-ship, value about 25 guineas ; the Paul Bush GoldMedal in alternate years to best Resident MedicalOfficer at Royal Infirmary ; Markham SkerrittMemorial Prize, awarded every three years to thatmember of University, not a member of MedicalBoard, who, in opinion of that Board, has publishedthe best original work during the three years.

Bristol City Senior Scholarships and those offeredby the Counties of Gloucestershire, Somerset, Wilts,and Dorset and the City of Bath are tenable in theUniversity. There are also a Miriam Badock Scholar-ship of the value of jBl20, H. H. Wills Science Scholar-ships, open to boys proceeding from Clifton College ;and the Harold Greenwood Memorial Scholarship, ofthe value of j320, open to boys who have receivedinstruction at State-provided schools in Clevedon (orelsewhere in Somerset) and subsequently at secondaryschools in Somerset or Bristol. The BeaverbrookFellowship and some of the Fellowships awarded bythe Colston Research Society for research in theUniversity are allotted to the Faculty of Medicine.University Graduate Scholarships are open tograduates of not more than one year’s standing.The Michael Hiatt Baker Scholarship of the value of

<C200 is open to graduates from New Zealand forresearch in the University.

Clinical Studies.-The Allied hospitals (BRISTOLROYAL INFIRMARY and BRISTOL GENERAL HOSPITAL)have between them more than 700 beds and extensiveout-patient departments, special clinics for Diseasesof Women and Children, including antenatal andpostnatal work, also for eye, ear, nose and throat,and skin diseases, in addition to large and well-equipped departments for Dental work and largeoutdoor Maternity Departments. The Bristol RoyalInfirmary has now been selected by the NationalRadium Commission as a Radium Centre.At each of these institutions there are well-arranged

pathological museums, post-mortem rooms, andlaboratories for morbid anatomy. There are alsolaboratories for work in clinical pathology, bacterio-logy, and biochemistry, in which special instructionis given in these subjects. Departments are providedand well - equipped for radiology, radiotherapy,actinotherapy, electrotherapy, and massage, withall forms of physiotherapy.The students of the school also attend the practice

of the Royal Hospital for Sick-Children and Women,containing 120 beds, and that of the Bristol EyeHospital with 40 beds, the Bristol Mental Hospital,Southmead Hospital, and Ham Green Fever Hospital.Other institutions, including Stoke Park Colony formental defectives and the Winford OrthopaedicHospital, are also available for their special purposes.

There are numerous salaried junior appointmentsfor residents who are graduates.

Post-graduate Study.-Qualified medical practi-tioners may be appointed as clinical assistants for aperiod of one or more months. They may act asassistants, if times permit, in more than one depart-ment and in any of the hospitals during their periodof study. They will be entitled to the use of theclinical laboratories and medical library, and have theright to attend in all departments, including opera-tions, post-graduate and ordinary clinical demonstra-tions, and post-mortem examinations. Demonstrationcourses are held at various times when applied forby groups of practitioners.

All inquiries and applications for admission shouldbe addressed to the Director of Post-graduateStudies (Clinical Section), Department of Medicine,University of Bristol, who can be seen on any dayby appointment.

Further information as to scholarships, curricula,and fees can be obtained from the Dean of the Facultyof Medicine or the Registrar of the University.

UNIVERSITY OF WALESTHE WELSH NATIONAL SCHOOL OF MEDICINE

The University grants degrees in Medicine andSurgery-Bachelor in Medicine and Bachelor inSurgery (M.B., B.Ch.), Doctor in Medicine (M.D.), andMaster in Surgery (M.Ch.)-and Diplomas in PublicHealth and Tuberculous Diseases.

Degrees of Bachelor in Medicine and Bachelor inSurgery.-Candidates are required to pursue a courseof study of not less than six academic years subsequentto their matriculation in the University, and of theseyears at least three must have been passed in oneof the constituent colleges situated at Aberystwyth,Bangor University College of South Wales andMonmouthshire, Cardiff and Swansea. They musthold an arts or science degree of the University of

’

Wales, or of some other University approved for thepurpose, but certain of the courses pursued for aB.Sc. or a B.A. degree may be counted as required forthe Medical degrees.The courses for the M.B., B.Ch. are divided into

two sections. The first includes the preliminarysubjects : (a) Physics, Chemistry, Botany, andZoology ; and (b) Organic Chemistry, Human Anatomy.and Physiology. Study of the preliminary subjectsand of Organic Chemistry must extend over at least

’

one academic year ; study of Physiology and HumanH3