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quadrangle. The various athletic and other students’societies are under the management of the UnionRepresentative Council, elected annually. Thereare large and comfortable common rooms bothfor men and women students, and two Students’Unions, one for men and one for women. A

refectory is open daily at the University wherestudents may obtain meals and refreshments atmoderate prices. The University journal, Floreamus,edited by a committee of staff and students,is published each term. The University Halls," Oakholme," Clarkehouse-road ; " Tapton Cliffe,"Fulwood-road, and " Endcliffe House," EndcliffeVale-road, are recognised by the Senate as halls ofresidence for women students ; full particulars maybe obtained from the tutor for women students.Stephenson Hall is a hall of residence for men students ;particulars may be obtained from the Warden.

Clinical Studies.-The University is within easyreach of the various hospitals with which it isconneoted for clinical purposes.The Sheffield Royal Infirmary, 502 beds, provides

all the opportunities of a large general hospitalwith special departments for Skin and Ear. TheSheffield Royal Hospital, 316 beds, has special out-patient departments for Diseases of the Throat,Ear, Skin, Orthopaedics, and Mental Diseases. Thetwo institutions are amalgamated for the purposesof clinical practice, medical, surgical, and special.There are special departments for the treatment ofDiseases of the Eye, with wards assigned to them,at both hospitals, and excellent junior appointments.The Jessop Hospital for Diseases of Women, with93 beds, has also a Maternity department, with about900 in-patients per annum and about 250 out-patientcases attended. The Children’s Hospital has 60 beds.Special courses on Fevers are held at the City FeverHospitals (690 beds) and on Mental Diseases at theSouth Yorkshire Mental Hospital (1800 beds). Everyfacility is afforded in the various laboratories for theprosecution of advanced studies and research. !

UNIVERSITY OF BRISTOL.

In the Faculty of Medicine there are the followingdegrees :-Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor ofSurgery (1%’.B. and Ch.B.), Doctor of Medicine (M.D.),Master of Surgery (Ch.M.), Bachelor of Dental Surgery(B.D.S.), and Master of Dental Surgery (M.D.S.).There are also the following diplomas : Diploma inPublic Health (D.P.H.), Diploma in Dental Surgery(L.D.S.), and Diploma in Veterinary State Medicine.

All candidates for degrees in Medicine, Surgery, andDentistry are required to pass an examination calledthe School Certificate Examination, or to pass suchexamination as may be regarded as equivalent by theSenate. All courses, degrees, and diplomas are

open to men and women alike.

Degrees of Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelorof Surgery.-Candidates shall be not less than21 years of age and shall have pursued the coursesprescribed by University Regulations during notless than five years after passing the first exami-nation in Chemistry and Physics, of which three shallhave been passed in the University, and two of thesethree subsequent to passing the second examination.All candidates for the degrees of M.B., Ch.B., arerequired to satisfy the examiners in the severalsubjects of three examinations. The First Examina-tion : The subjects of examination are : Chemistry(Inorganic), Physics, and Biology, the courses pur-sued being those for the time being approved forthe intermediate part of the B.Sc. curriculum. Thispart of the curriculum shall extend over one year.(Candidates who have passed the Higher SchoolCertificate approved by the Board of Education inthese subjects will not be required to sit for thefirst examination and will be regarded as havingcompleted one year of study.) The Second Examina-tion : The subjects of examination are : OrganicChemistry and Elementary Anatomy (Part 1.) and

Advanced Anatomy and Physiology (Part II.).Parts I. and II. may be passed separately or together.The Final Examination : The subjects of examina-tion are : Materia Medica and Pharmacy, Pharma-cology and Therapeutics, General Pathology, MorbidAnatomy, and Bacteriology (Part 1.) ; Special Patho-logy, Forensic Medicine, Toxicology, and PublicHealth, Obstetrics (including Diseases of Women),Surgery (Systematic, Clinical, Practical, and Opera-tive), Medicine (Systematic, Clinical, and Practical,including Mental Diseases) (Part II.). The subjectsincluded in Part II. may be taken in two groups-viz., Group 1., Surgery and Obstetrics ; Group II.,Medicine, Public Health, Special Pathology, ForensicMedicine, and Toxicology. Candidates may passParts I. and II. together, or separately, and the twogroups of Part II. may be taken together or separately.Forensic Medicine and Toxicology may be taken withPart I., or with Group II. of Part II.

Degree of Doctor of Medicine.-Candidates shall beBachelors of the University of not less than two years’standing as such and may elect either (1) to pass anexamination in General Medicine, or (2) to pass anexamination in State Medicine, or (3) to present aDissertation. The candidate who elects to pass theexamination in State Medicine must hold a diplomain Public Health of some University or College, andthe candidate who elects to present a Dissertationmay be examined in the subject thereof.

Degree of Master of Surgery.-Candidates shall beBachelors of not less than two years as such, duringwhich period they shall have attended the SurgicalPractice of an institution approved for the purpose.They shall pass an examination in Surgical Anatomy,Pathology, and Bacteriology, and Operative, Clinical,and General Surgery, and present to the University aDissertation on some subject of Surgery. The degreemay be taken also in General Surgery, and a SpecialSubject-e.g., Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Ophthalmo-logy, and Gynaecology.

Clinical Studies.-The allied hospitals (BRISTOLROYAL INFIRMARY and BRISTOL GENERAL HOSPITAL)have between them about 600 beds and extensiveout-patient departments, special clinics for Diseasesof Women and Children and those of the Eye, Throatand Ear, .in addition to large and well-equippeddepartments for Dental work and large outdoorMaternity Departments.At each of these institutions there are well-arranged

pathological museums, post-mortem rooms, andlaboratories for Morbid Anatomy. There are alsolaboratories for work in Clinical Pathology, Bacterio-logy, and Cytology, in which special instruction isgiven in these subjects. Departments are providedand well equipped for X ray work, both for diagnosisand treatment, the various forms of Electricaltreatment, including High Frequency Currents,Electric Baths, Finsen Light treatment, and Massage.The students of the school also attend the practice

of the Royal Hospital for Sick Children and Women,containing 140 beds, and that of the Bristol EyeHospital, with 40 beds. The total number of bedsavailable for clinical instruction is therefore about750.

There are numerous salaried junior appointmentsfor residents who are graduates.

Scholarships and Prizes.-The following are awarded :The Ashworth Hallett Scholarship, value jS45, opento women only; two Martin Memorial Patho-logical Scholarships of j610 each; the TibbitsMemorial Prize, value 9 guineas, for proficiency inpractical surgery ; the Committee’s Gold and SilverMedals for fifth-year students for general proficiency ;the Augustin Prichard Prize, value about 6 guineas, forproficiency in anatomy ; the Henry Clark Prize,value 11 guineas, for proficiency in gynaecology; theCrosby Leonard Prize, value 7 guineas, for proficiencyin surgery; the Suple Surgical Prize, a gold medaland 7 guineas ; the Suple Medical Prize, a gold medaland 7 guineas ; the Henry Marshall Prize, value 212,

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for dressers; the H. M. Clarke Scholarship, valueB15, for proficiency in surgery ; the Sanders Scholar-ship, value 222 10s., for general proficiency; theBarrett-Roué Scholarship for proficiency in diseasesof the eye, ear, nose, and throat, value ;S14 ; LadyHaberfield Scholarship, value about 25 guineas;Phyllis Siepman Prize, for proficiency in Diseases ofChildren, value 225.

Bristol City Senior Scholarships and those offeredby the counties of Gloucestershire, Somerset, Wilts,and Devon, are tenable in the University. Some ofthe Fellowships awarded by the Colston ResearchSociety for research in the University are allotted tothe Faculty of Medicine.

Post-graduate Study.-Qualified medical practi-tioners may be appointed as clinical assistants for aperiod of one or more months. They may act asassistants, if times permit, in more than one depart-ment and in any of the hospitals during their periodof study. They will be entitled to the use of theclinical laboratories and medical library, and have theright to attend in all departments, including opera-tions, post-graduate and ordinary clinical demonstra-tions, and post-mortem examinations. Demonstrationcourses with weekly lectures are held during May,June, and July. All inquiries and applications foradmission should be addressed to the Director ofPost-graduate Studies (Clinical Section), PathologicalDepartment, University of Bristol, who can be seenon any day by appointment.

Further information as to scholarships, curricula,and fees can be obtained from the Dean of the Facultyof Medicine or the Registrar of the University.

UNIVERSITY OF WALES.

This University has, inter alia, the privilege ofgranting Degrees in Medicine, and Diplomas in PublicHealth and Tuberculous Diseases. Preliminarycourses of study for the Degrees in Medicine may bepursued at any of the constituent Colleges of theUniversity-viz., at Aberystwyth, Bangor, Cardiff, orSwansea. The Welsh National School of Medicineis situated in Cardiff and is an integral part ofthe University College of South Wales andMonmouthshire there.

University College of South Wales and 1llonmouth-shire, Card-iff. Welsh National School of Medicine.-This School is staffed on the Unit System, and itsCourses of Instruction are open to both men andwomen students. Students can complete the wholeof their curriculum in the School. The courses ofinstruction qualify for the degrees in Medicine andSurgery of the University of Wales, and for theDegrees and Diplomas of other examining bodies.Hospital instruction is given at the Cardiff RoyalInfirmary, at the City Lodge Hospital, and at otherrecognised institutions. The attention of studentsabout to matriculate is drawn to the entrance scholar-ships offered for competition at the University College,Cardiff, many of which may be held by medicalstudents. Full particulars of the examinations forthese, which are held in April of each year, may beobtained by application to the Registrar. Medicalpractitioners wishing to prepare for the Diploma inPublic Health or for the Tuberculous DiseasesDiploma of the University of Wales can attendcomplete courses of instruction in the School. Pros-pectuses can be obtained on application to the Deanof the Faculty of Medicine, or to the Secretary, WelshNational School of Medicine, Newport-road, Cardiff.

Clinical Instruction.-At the Cardiff-’Royal Infirmary(founded 1837, 450 beds) there are out-patientdepartments for Dermatology, Diseases of Children,and Dental Cases, and a Maternity Hospital.Swansea General and Eye Hospital (316 beds).Departments : Pathological Laboratory; VenerealDiseases Department; Ophthalmic ; Ear, Nose andThroat; Women; X Ray and Massage. ConvalescentHome, 26 beds.

ENGLISH MEDICAL CORPORATIONSGRANTING DIPLOMAS.

EXAMINING BOARD IN ENGLAND BY THEROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS OFLONDON AND THE ROYAL COLLEGE

OF SURGEONS OF ENGLAND.Under this heading we give the regulations for the

examinations enjoined by the Conjoint ExaminingBoard of the Royal Colleges of Physicians of Londonand Surgeons of England and of the Society ofApothecaries upon students desiring their respectivediplomas of qualification. We do not give any listof schools recognised by these bodies as eligible toprepare students for their examinations beyondmentioning that all the schools which we have alreadydescribed (under the heading of the Universities towhich they are attached) are recognised as suitableplaces of instruction by the corporations grantingmedical diplomas. The courses of study at theprincipal colonial medical schools are also recognised asqualifying for the examinations of these corporations.

Students are required to pass a Pre-Medical Exami-nation in Chemistry and Physics conducted by theConjoint Examining Board before commencing thefive years curriculum of professional study or someother examination recognised by the Board-namely,the examination in Chemistry and Physics for thedegree in Medicine of any University recognised bythe Board ; a Pre-Medical Examination conductedby any of the Qualifying Bodies whose Degrees orDiplomas are registrable on the Medical Register;the Higher School Certificates of Oxford andCambridge Universities, and the Oxford and Cam-bridge Schools Examination Board; the HigherCertificates of London, Bristol, Durham Universities,the Joint Matriculation Board of the NorthernUniversities, and the Central Welsh Board HigherCertificate. A candidate must enter for Chemistryand Physics together, and he will not be allowed topass in one without obtaining at the same time atleast half the number of marks required to pass inthe other subject. He will be admitted to theexamination on producing evidence of having passedthe required Preliminary Examination in GeneralEducation and of having received instruction during180 hours in Chemistry and 120 hours in Physics tothe satisfaction of his teachers. These courses maybe commenced or attended before the requiredPreliminary Examination in General Education ispassed. The examination is partly written, partlyoral, and partly practical. A candidate rejected inone or both subjects of the examination will not beadmitted to re-examination until after the lapse ofa period of not less than three months, and he mustproduce evidence of further instruction in the subjector subjects of failure. The fee for the examinationis 23 3s., for re-examination in Chemistry 22 2s., andfor re-examination in Physics 21 Is.There are two Professional examinations called

the First and Final Examinations. The courses ofstudy for these examinations may be commencedbefore the Pre-Medical examination in Chemistryand Physics or some equivalent examination hasbeen passed, provided that three terms of studyare completed after the examination has beenpassed.The subjects of the First Professional Examinationare: Section I. (a) Anatomy, including Histology

and Embryology. (b) Physiology, including Bio-chemistry. Section II. Pharmacology, PracticalPharmacy, and Materia Medica. A candidate musthave attended at a recognised Medical School coursesof instruction in Anatomy, including Embryology,during five terms, during which he must have dis-sected the whole body, courses of instruction inPhysiology, including General Biology, Biochemistryand Biophysics during five terms, courses of instruc-tion in Pharmacology, Practical Pharmacy, andMateria Medica. A candidate may present himself