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a preliminary examination in Physics and Chemistrybefore taking the First Examination. Students whobefore entry have attained a standard in Chemistryand Physics approved by the Faculty of Medicine havethe opportunity of working for the degree of B.Sc.(with honours) in Physiology concurrently withtheir work for the degree of M.B., Ch.B. The SecondExamination : Candidates must have attended coursesof instruction in Physiology (first part) for one year,and in Anatomy for five terms. The Third Examina-tion : Candidates must have attended courses ofinstruction in Pathology for five terms, in Pharma-cology for four terms (and one term in Pharmacy),in Applied Anatomy for four terms, and in Physiology(second part) for six terms. The Final Examination :The subjects are, Part I., Forensic Medicine andPublic Health. Candidates must have attendedcourses for one term in each subject; Part II.,Medicine (including Mental Diseases, Diseases of

Children, and Vaccination), Special Pathology (includ-ing Morbid Anatomy and Clinical Pathology), andTherapeutics; Part III., Surgery (including theadministration of Anaesthetics, Diseases of the Ear,Nose, and Throat, Ophthalmology, and SurgicalPathology), and Obstetrics and Gynaecology, includingAntenatal and Postnatal practice and Infant Hygiene.Candidates for Parts II. and III. must have com-pleted a minimum of five and a half years of approvedstudy.

Degree of Doctor of Medicine.-Candidates forthe degree of Doctor of Medicine must havepassed the examination for the degrees of M.B.,Ch.B. at least three years previously, must presenta thesis embodying observations in some subjectapproved by the professor of medicine, and mustpass an examination in the Principles and Practiceof Medicine.

Degree of Master of Surgery.-Candidates must havetaken the M.B., Ch.B. at least three years previously,and must since have held for not less than twelvemonths a surgical appointment in a public hospital.The subjects of examination are Systematic,

Clinical, and Operative Surgery, Surgical Anatomy,Surgical Pathology and Bacteriology.

Scholarships and Prizes.-The following scholarshipsare offered : Four Town Trustees scholarships offeredannually, each of the value of B50 per annum for threeyears. Medical : offered annually, covers cost oftuition for a degree course in the Faculty of Medicine.Six Edgar Allen, offered annually, each of the value ofael00 per annum for three years. Post-graduate :Frederick Clifford scholarship, value ae50 per annum,tenable for two years. Mechanics’ Institute scholar-ship, value B50 for one year with free admission to thoseUniversity courses taken by the holder in connexionwith his work, renewable for a second year. TownTrustees fellowship, value ;675 for one year. Medalsand Prizes : Kaye scholarship ; Thomas WoodcockPrize ; Gold Medal in Clinical Medicine and Surgery ;John Hall Gold Medal in Pathology ; Holroyd GoldMedal in Anaesthetics ; the Walter S. Kay Gold Medalin Mental Diseases ; bronze medals. Particularsof all the above may be obtained from theRegistrar.

The Medical School.-The Medical Departmentoccupies the entire north wing of the Universityquadrangle. The various athletic and other students’societies are under the management of the UnionRepresentative Council, elected annually. Thereare large and comfortable common rooms bothfor men and women students, and two Students’Unions, one for men and one for women. Arefectory is open daily at the University wherestudents may obtain meals and refreshments atmoderate prices. The University journal The Arrowsand a Medical School journal the North IVing,edited by,a committee of staff and students, arepublished each teim. A well-equipped Union build-ing is in course of erection. There is good hostelaccommodation for women students and similaramenities will soon be provided for men.

Clinical Studies. - The University is within

easy reach of the various hospitals with whichit is connected for clinical purposes, and, as

will be seen, the aggregate number of beds isvery large.The SHEFFIELD ROYAL INFIRMARY (500 beds) and

the SHEFFIELD ROYAL HOSPITAL (340 beds) provideall the opportunities associated with a large generalhospital with the usual out-patient and in-patientdepartments for diseases of ear, throat, and nose, eye,skin, and venereal diseases ; there are also orthopeadicand psychiatry clinics. The two institutions are amal-gamated for the purposes of clinical practice, medical,surgical, and special, and house appointments areavailable. The JESSOP HOSPITAL FOR DISEASES OFWOMEN, with 143 beds, has also a maternity depart-ment, with about 110 in-patients per annum and about3000 out-patient cases attended ; in addition there arefacilities for obstetrical work at the Municipal Hos-pital. The Children’s Hospital has 118 beds. Specialcourses on acute Infectious Diseases are held at theCity Fever Hospital (740 beds) and on Tuberculosisat the Municipal Sanatoria and Clinics (510 beds).The South Yorkshire Mental Hospital (2000 beds) isavailable for teaching in Mental Diseases. Everyfacility is afforded in the various laboratories for theprosecution of advanced study and research.

Post-graduate courses of clinical instruction areheld annually in the various hospitals connected withthe school.

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UNIVERSITY OF BRISTOL

In the Faculty of Medicine there are the followingdegrees: Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor ofSurgery (M.B. and Ch.B.), Doctor of Medicine (M.D.),Master of Surgery (Ch.M.), Bachelor of Dental Surgery(B.D.S.), and Master of Dental Surgery (M.D.S.).There are also the following diplomas: Diploma inPublic Health (D.P.H.),* Diploma in Dental Surgery(L.D.S.), and Diploma in Veterinary State Medicine.*

All candidates for degrees in Medicine, Surgery, andDentistry are required to pass, at Matriculationstandard, an examination called the School CertificateExamination, or to pass such examination as may beregarded as equivalent by the Senate. All courses,degrees, and diplomas are open to men and women.

Degrees of Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelorof Surgery.--Candidates shall be not less than21 years of age and shall have pursued the coursesprescribed by University Regulations during notless than five years after passing the first examina-tion in Chemistry and Physics and entering on theprofessional curriculum at the University, or an

institution recognised as equivalent, of which threeshall have been passed in the University, and two ofthese three subsequent to passing the second examina-tion. All candidates for the degrees of M.B., Ch.B. arerequired to satisfy the examiners in the severalsubjects of three examinations. The First Examina-tion : The subjects of examination are: Chemistry(Inorganic), Physics, and Biology. This part of thecurriculum shall extend over one year. (Candidateswho have passed the Higher School Certificateapproved by the Board of Education in these subjectswill not be required to sit for the first examination andwill be regarded as having completed one year ofstudy.) The Second Examination : The subjects ofexamination are : Organic Chemistry (Section I.)and Anatomy and Physiology (Section II.). TheFinal Examination: The subjects of examination are:Materia Medica and Pharmacy, Pharmacology andPharmacotherapeutics, General Pathology andBacteriology (Section 1.) ; Special Pathology, ForensicMedicine and Toxicology, Public Health, Obstetrics(including Diseases of Women), Surgery (Systematic,Clinical, Practical, and Operative, including Oph-thalmology and Oto-rhino-laryngology), Medicine(Systematic, Cinical, and Practical, including MentalDiseases) (Section II.). The subjects included inSection II. may be taken in two groups-viz., Group

. At present in abeyance.

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I., Surgery and Obstetrics ; Group II., Medicine,Public Health, Special Pathology, Forensic Medicineand Toxicology. Candidates may pass Sections I.-and’Il. together, or separately, and the two groupsof Section II. may be taken together or separately.but no student can obtain honours who elects to takethe two groups of Section II. separately.

Degree of Doctor of Medicine.-Candidates shall beBachelors of the University of not less than two years’standing as such and may elect either (1) to pass anexamination in General Medicine, or (2) to pass an- examination in State Medicine, or (3) to present aDissertation. The candidate who elects to pass the

examination in State Medicine must hold a Diplomain Public Health of some University or College, andthe candidate -who elects to present a Dissertationmay be examined in the subject thereof.

Degree of Master of Surgery.-The degree may betaken in General Surgery or in Special Subjects. Candi-,dates shall be Bachelors of the University who havepractised for two years in an approved hospital{including the holding of an approved appointmentfor six months) and one of the two years shall havebeen spent in a hospital with a medical school attached.They shall present a Dissertation and pass an exami-nation. For General Surgery, the examination shallinclude a written examination in Surgery, a writtenexamination in Surgical Anatomy and SurgicalPathology, a Clinical examination, an oral exami-nation and an examination in Operative Surgery.For special subjects-that is, Ophthalmology or Oto-rhino-laryngology or Gynaecology—the examinationshall include a written examination in the Anatomy,Physiology, and Pathology of the region of the bodyconcerned (including in the case of Ophthalmology,Physiological Optics) and a written examination inGeneral Surgery together with a written, oral, andclinical examination in the particular branch ofSurgery concerned, as well as an examination inOperative Surgery of the region concerned.

Scholarships andPrizes.-The followingare awarded:The Ashworth Hallett Scholarship, value 640, opento women only ; two Martyn Memorial Patho-logical Scholarships of 210 each ; the TibbitsMemorial Prize, value 27 guineas, for proficiency inpractical surgery ; the Committee’s Gold and SilverMedals for fifth or sixth year students for generalproficiency ; the Augustin Prichard Prize, valueabout 6 guineas, for proficiency in anatomy ; theHenry Clark Prize, value 11 guineas, for proficiencyin obstetrics and gynaecology ; the Crosby LeonardPrize, value 6 guineas, for proficiency in surgery ; the:Suple Surgical Prize, a gold medal and 7 guineas ; theSuple Medical Prize, a gold medal and 7 guineas ;the Henry Marshall Prize, value :S12 for dressers ;the H.M. Clarke Scholarship, value :S15, for- proficiencyin surgery ; The Royal Infirmary Faculty Prize,value :S20, for general proficiency ; the SandersScholarship, value jB22 10s., for general proficiency ;the Barrett-Roué Scholarship for proficiencyin diseasesof the eye, ear, nose, and throat or skin, value B17 ;Lady Haberfield Scholarship, value about 25 guineas ;the Paul Bush Gold Medal in alternate years to bestResident Medical Officer at Royal Infirmary; Mark-ham Skerritt Memorial Prize, awarded every threeyears to that member of University, not a memberof Medical Board, who, in opinion of that Board, haspublished the best original work during the threeyears.

Bristol City Senior Scholarships and those offeredby the Counties of Gloucestershire, Somerset, Wilts,and Dorset and the City of Bath are tenable in theUniversity. There are also a Miriam Badock Scholar-ship of the value of :S120, H. H. Wills Science Scholar-ships, open to boys proceeding from Clifton College ;and the Harold Greenwood Memorial Scholarship, ofthe value of B20, open to boys who have receivedinstruction at State-provided schools in Clevedon (orelsewhere in Somerset) and subsequently at secondaryschools in Somerset or Bristol. The BeaverbrookFellowship and some of the Fellowships awarded bythe Colston Research Society for - research - in the

University are allotted to the Faculty of MedicineUniversity Graduate Scholarships are open tograduates of not more than one year’s standing.The Michael Hiatt Baker Scholarship of the value of2200 is open to graduates from New Zealand forresearch in the University.

Clinical Studies.-The Allied hospitals (BRISTOLROYAL INFIRMARY and BRISTOL GENERAL HOSPITAL)have between them more than 700 beds and extensiveout-patient departments, special clinics for Diseasesof Women and Children, including antenatal andpostnatal work, also for eye, ear, nose, and throat,and skin diseases, heart diseases, rheumatism,asthma, and cancer. Here are in addition large andwell-equipped departments for Dental work and largeoutdoor Maternity Departments. The venerealdiseases clinic for Bristol is at the Royal Infirmary.The Bristol Royal Infirmary has been selected by theNational Radium Commission as a Radium Centre.At each of these institutions there are well-arranged

pathological museums, post-mortem rooms, andlaboratories for morbid anatomy. There are alsolaboratories for work in clinical pathology, bacterio-logy, and biochemistry, in which special instructionis given in these subjects. Departments are providedand well - equipped for radiology, radiotherapy,actinotherapy, electrotherapy, and massage, withall forms of physiotherapy.The students of the school also attend the practice

of the Royal Hospital for Sick Children and Women,containing 120 beds, and that of the Bristol EyeHospital with 40 beds, the Bristol Mental Hospital,Southmead Hospital, and Ham Green Fever Hospital.Other institutions, including Stoke Park Colony formental defectives and the Winford OrthopaedicHospital, are also available for their special purposes.

There are numerous salaried junior appointmentsfor residents who are graduates.

Post-graduate Study.-Qualified medical practi-tioners may be appointed as clinical assistants for aperiod of one or more months. They may act asassistants, if times permit, in more than one depart-ment and in any of the hospitals during their periodof study. They will be entitled to the use of theclinical laboratories and medical library, and have theright to attend in all departments, including opera-tions, post-graduate and ordinary clinical demonstra-tions, and post-mortem examinations. Demonstrationcourses are held at various times when applied forby groups of practitioners.

All inquiries and applications for admission shouldbe addressed to the Director of Post-graduateStudies (Clinical Section), Department of Medicine,University of Bristol, who can be seen on any dayby appointment.

Further information as to scholarships, curricula,and fees can be obtained from the Dean of the Facultyof Medicine or the Registrar of the University.

UNIVERSITY OF WALES

THE WELSH NATIONAL SCHOOL OF MEDICINE

The University grants degrees in Medicine andSurgery-Bachelor in Medicine and Bachelor inSurgery (M.B., B.Ch.), Doctor in Medicine (M.D.), andMaster in Surgery (M.Ch.)-and Diplomas in PublicHealth (D.P.H.) and Tuberculous Diseases (T.D.D.).

Degrees of Bachelor in. Medicine and Bachelor inSurgery.-Candidates are required to pursue a courseof study of not less than six academic years subsequentto their matriculation in the University, and of theseyears at least three must have been passed in one ofthe four constituent colleges situated at Aberystwyth,Bangor, Cardiff, and Swansea. They must holdan arts or science degree of the University of Wales,or of some other University approved for the purpose,but certain of the courses pursued for a B.Sc. ora B.A. degree may be counted as required for theMedical degrees.