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also be given of practical instruction in Infectious Diseasesand in Mental Diseases (at a lunatic asylum or in the wardsof an institution containing a special ward set apart for thetreatment of mental diseases), and in any two of thefollowing subjects : Ophthalmic Surgery, Laryngologywith Rhinology and Otology, Dermatology, and Diseasesof Children. No candidate is eligible for the Finalexamination who has not completed the curriculum pre-scribed by the Society, in evidence of which a schedule,to be obtained of the Secretary, must be produced, signed bythe Dean of the Medical School or other authority. Prior toSection II. of the Final examination the candidate mustproduce certificates: (1) of being 21 years of age; (2)of moral character; (3) of the course of medical study ;and (4) of proficiency in vaccination signed by a teacherauthorised by the Local Government Board. Candidatesintending to present themselves for examination are requiredto give 14 days’ notice. A form for this purpose will besent on application.The fee for the Licence is 20 guineas. The examination

offices are open from 10 A.M. to 4 P.M. ; on Saturdaysfrom 10 A.M. to 1 P.M. All letters should be addressed tothe Secretary, Court of Examiners, Society of Apothecariesof London, Blackfriars, E.C.

APOTHECARIES’ HALL OF IRELAND.The Licence of this Hall is granted to students who can

present certificates of having fully completed the course ofstudy as laid down in the curriculum. The diploma of theApothecaries’ Hall of Ireland entitles the holder to beregistered as a practitioner in medicine, surgery, and mid-wifery, also with the privileges of the Apothecary Licence.There are four professional examinations, the total fees in con-nexion with which amount to 21 guineas. Ladies are eligiblefor the diploma. Candidates already on the Register willreceive the diploma of the Hall upon passing an examinationin the subjects which are not covered by their previousqualifications and on paying a fee of 10 guineas. Ifmedicine or surgery be required two guineas extra will becharged.The fees payable for each examination are as follows :-

first professional, £5 5s. ; ; second, £5 5s. third, e5 5s. ;final examination, .66 6s. If a candidate gives three cleardays’ notice of inability to attend he may present himself atthe ensuing examination without any further fee. A candi-date is allowed for each professional examination which hehas completed at any other licensing body except the final. Ifhe has passed only in some of the subjects in a given exami-nation he has to pay the whole of the fee for that examina-tion. The fees for re-examination are for each subject.61 Is., excepting in the subjects of chemistry, pharmacy,surgery, medicine, second anatomy, and ophthalmology, the fees for which are two guineas each. The fee for the finalalone is £15 15s. when the other examinations have beentaken elsewhere. All examination fees are to be lodged inthe Sackville-street Branch of the Royal Bank of Ireland tothe credit of the Examination Committee. Applications andschedules, together with bank receipt for the fee. must belodged with the Registrar, Apothecaries’ Hall, 40, Mary-street, Dublin, 14 clear days before the first day ofexamination.

There are four examinations-first, second, third, andfinal. The first three are held quarterly on the third Mondayin January, April, July, and October ; there are only two finals, in January and July. The first examination includesbiology, physics, theoretical and practical chemistry, withan examination at the bench. Pharmacy is put down in thisexamination, but it may be taken at any of the first threeexaminations. Candidates holding a Pharmaceutical licenceare exempt from this subject. Osteology (first anatomy) is also a subject of the first professional examination. Thesubjects for the second professional are anatomy of thewhole body (the examination in this subject is practical),materia medica and therapeutics, physiology and practical histology. The third examination consists of pathology,materia medica if not taken at second examination, medicaljurisprudence, and hygiene. The final examination includesmedicine, oral and clinical surgery, including operations,clinical and oral, clinical ophthalmic surgery, midwifery,and gynaecology. Written papers are required on all thesesubjects.

Candidates who desire to obtain the Letters Testimonialof the Apothecaries’ Hall in Ireland must before proceeding

to the final examination produce evidence of having beenregistered as medical students for 57 months, also of havingattended courses of instruction as follows :-one course each(winter course of six months) of the following: anatomy(lecture), chemistry (theoretical), midwifery, practice ofmedicine, physiology or institutes of medicine, surgery,dissections, two courses of six months each. Courses ofthree months: materia medica, medical jurisprudence,chemistry (practical), practical physiology and histology,operative surgery, physics, clinical ophthalmology, biology,clinical instruction in mental disease, pathology, and vacci-nation. Medico-chirurgical hospital, 27 months to be dis-tributed, at the student’s own discretion, over the last fouryears of his study. The candidate may substitute for ninemonths in this hospital attendance six months as a residentpupil. He will be required to present a certificate of havingtaken notes of at least six medical and surgical casesrecorded under the supervision respectively of a physicianand surgeon of his hospital. Three months’ study of fever-which may be included in his 27 months’ hospital attendance-in a hospital containing fever wards, and having takennotes of five cases of fever—viz., either typhus fever, typhoidfever, scarlet fever, small-pox, or measles. Six monthspractical midwifery and diseases of women during thewinter or summer of the third or the fourth year at arecognised lying-in hospital or maternity. Three months’practical pharmacy in a recognised clinical hcspital or arecognised school of pharmacy, or a year in the compound-ing department of a licentiate apothecary or a pharmaceuticalchemist. Each candidate before receiving his diploma mustproduce evidence that he has attained the age of 21 years.Each candidate must produce evidence of having beforeentering on medical studies passed a preliminary examinationin general education recognised by the General MedicalCouncil and of having been registered by that Council as astudent in medicine. Certificates of medical study will notbe recognised if the commencement of the course to whichthe certificate refers dates more than 15 days prior to suchregistration, except in the subjects of physics or biology.This registration is not undertaken by the Hall, but thestudent must apply to the Registrar of the General MedicalCouncil that he may be so entered. The details of thecourse of education required and syllabus of the examina-tions will be supplied on application to the Registrar at40, Mary-street, Dublin.

UNIVERSITY OF BRUSSELS.British and other practitioners holding registrable quali-

fications are admitted to the examination for the Doctorateof the University of Brussels without further curriculum.It is essentially a practitioner’s examination and is separatefrom that intended for the Belgian students who take up themedical curriculum of the University. The fees are-For matri-culation, &8 12s. ; for 1st Part, £4 8s. ; for 2nd Part, f.4 4s. ;for 3rd Part, £4 8s. ; for legalisation of diploma, 8s.-total,.f:22. Candidates who have paid in advance the fees for thethree examinations, and are unsuccessful in the first, recoverthe fees paid for the second and third ; those who fail in thesecond recover the fees paid for the third examination.Unsuccessful candidates are allowed to come up again threemonths after rejection on payment of examination fees only,provided this second appearance be in the course of the sameacademical year (October lst to June 30th), otherwise theymust renew the payment of the matriculation fee of £8 12s.There are three examinations, viz.-1st Part : General Medi-cine ; Pathology and Morbid Anatomy ; General Therapeutics;Materia Medica and Pharmacology ; Special Therapeuticsand Mental Diseases. 2nd Part : Surgery ; Midwifery;Hygiene; and Medical Jurisprudence. 3rd Part : ClinicaJexamination in Medicine at the Hospital ; Clinical Surgicalexamination ; examination in Midwifery. consisting of ob-stetrical operations on the mannequin (doll and modd ofpelvis) ; examination in Operative Surgery, consisting ofsome of the usual operations on the dead subject, such a3Amputation, Ligature of an Artery, &c. ; Regional Anatomyon the Dead Body, with Dissections; and Ophthalmology.The first and second parts are theoretical and the third ismainly practical and clinical. The time required for thethree examinations seldom exceeds ten days, and is usuallyless. Candidates have the option of passing each partseparately or of taking the three together, and the latter isthe usual course ; also of demanding a written examinationon payment of an additional fee of one guinea for each part,

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a rule of which candidates rarely or never avail therm&ives.The examinations. which are vivi voce, take place on thefirst Tuesday in November, December, February, May, andJune. Candidates should appear with their diplomas at theSecretar3y’s office not later than 2 P.M. on the day precedingthe examination. Most of the examiners speak English andthose who do not examine through the medium of an inter-preter. Great importance is attached to practical knowledge,but candidates must also possess sound theoretical know-ledge, the standard required varying with the subject. Patho-logical and other specimens are not usually shown. Atthe June, 1903, examination there w(re ten candidates;seven passed, including two with honours, and three failed.There are in England at present over 600 graduates holdingthis degree, and a British Association of Brussels MedicalGraduates has been in existence for many years.6

Further information may be obtained from Dr. Walter Reeve, 2, Harewood-place, Hanover-square, W.

METROPOLITAN MEDICAL SCHOOLS.1

ST. BARTHOLOMEW’S HOSPITAL AND COLLEGE. - The I

clinical practice of the hospital comprises a service of 744beds, of which 674 are for patients in the hospital at Smithfieldand 70 for convalescent patients at Swanley. Ten house

physicians and ten house surgeons are appointed annually.During their first six months of office they act as " junior "house physicians and house surgeons and receive a salary of E25 a year. During their second six months they become"senior " house physicians and house surgeons and are pro-vided with rooms by the hospital authorities and receive £80a year as salary. A resident midwifery assistant and anophthalmic house surgeon are appointed every six months,and are provided with rooms and receive a salary of £80 ayear. Two assistant anaesthetists are appointed annually, andreceive salaries of £120 and £100 respectively, with rooms.An extern midwifery assistant is appointed every threemonths, and receives a salary of £80 a year. The clinicalclerks, the obstetric clerks, the clerks to the medical out-

patients, the dressers to the surgical in-patients and to theout-patients, and the dressers in the special departments arechosen from the students. All the appointments are nowfree.A college is attached to the hospital, in which students

can reside, subject to the college regulations.2’Ae Medical School Buildings include three large lecture

theatres, a large dissecting room, a spacious library (con-taining 13, 000 volumes), a well-appointed museum of anatomy,physiology, comparative anatomy, materia medica, botany,and pathological anatomy. The pathological museum isthe most complete in the kingdom. There are laboratoriesfor chemistry, physiology, pathology, pharmacology, physics,public health, and biology, giving ample accommodation inevery department.The ground of 10 acres is at Winchmore-hill for the use

of the Students’ Amalgamated Clubs, and all studentsare expected to become members.Instruction in Preliminary Science is given to University

of London students in chemistry, biology, and physicsthroughout the year.Laboratory Instruction for the -D.P.1f. is provided during

the winter and summer sessions, and elementary instructionin Eactariology is also given throughout the year.

Staff.-Consulting Physicians: Sir William Church, Bart.,K.C.B. Physicians: Dr. Gee, Sir Dyce Duckworth, Dr.Hemley, Sir Lauder Brunton, and Dr. Norman Moore.

Consulting Surgeons : Mr. Holden, Sir Thomas mith,Bart., K.C.V.O., Mr. Willett, and Mr. Batliq. ConsultingOphthalmic Surgeon : Mr. H. Power. Surgeons : Mr.

Langton, Mr. Marsh, Mr. Walsham, Mr. Harrison Cripts,and Mr. Bruce Clarke. Assistant Physicians : Dr. S.West, Dr. Ormerod, Dr. Herringham, Dr. Tooth, C.M.G.,and Dr. A. E. Garrod. Assistant Surgeons : Mr.Bowlby, C.M.G., Mr. Lockwood, Mr. D’Arcy Power, Mr.Waring, and Mr. Eccles. Physician Accoucheur : Dr.Champneys. Assistant Physician Accoucheur : Dr. Griffitb.Ophthalmic Surgeons: Mr. Jessop and Mr. Holmes Spicer.Aural Surgeon : Mr. Cumberbatch. Pathologist: Dr.Andrewes. Electrician : Dr. L. Jones. Dental Surgeons :Mr. Paterson and Mr. Ackery. Assistant Dental Surgeons :

6 The questions asked at recent examinations can be obtained postfree for 2s. 7d. from Dr. Henchley, 1, London-road, Canterbury.

1 For Scholarships see p. 693 et seq.

Mr. Ackland and Dr. Austen. Anaesthetists : Mr. Gill andMr. E. Willett. Casualty Piysicians: Dr. Riviere ardFr.Bainbriège.

This hospital receives within its walls nearly 7CCO in-patients annually and its out-patients and casualties amountto more than 160,000 annuaijy. It comprises a service of744 beds ; of these 241 are allotted to the medical cases, 336to the surgical, including orthopædic cases, 25 to diseases ofthe eye, 34 to diseases of women, 38 to isolation and general,and 70 at the Convalescent Hospital, Swanley. Specialdepartments have been organised for diseases of the eye, ear,larynx, and sk!n, as well as for Orthopaedic and Dental

Surgery in which Chief Assistants and Clinical Assistantsate appointed annually. Surgical operations every day at1.30 P.M. Surgical consultations on Thursday, at 1.30 P.M.The physicians and surgeons deliver clinical lectures weeklyduring both the winter and the summer sessions. ClinicalLectures on all special subjects are also given. The visitsof the physicians and surgeons are made at 1.30.

Lecturers: Winter Session.-Medicine: Dr. Norman Mooreand Dr. West. Clinical Medicine: Dr. Gee, Sir DyceDuckworth, Dr. Hensley, Sir Lauder Brunton, and Dr. N.Moore. Surgery: Mr. Bowlby and Mr. Bruce Clarke.Clinical Surgery : Mr. Langton, Mr. Marsh, Mr. Butlin, Mr.Walsham, Mr. Cripps, and Mr. Bruce Clarke. Pathology:Dr. Andrewes. Chemistry: Dr. Chattaway. Descriptiveand Surgical Anatomy : Mr. Waring. Biology : Dr. Shore.Physiology : Dr. Edkins. Superintendents of Dissections :Mr. Rawling, Mr. Murphy, Mr. C. E. West, Mr. S. R.Scott, and Mr. C. G. Watson. Demonstrators of MorbidAnatomy: Dr. Fletcher, Dr. Drysdale, Mr. Power, andthe surgical registrar. Demonstrators of Practical Sargery :Mr. Waring and Mr. Bailey. Operative Surgery: Mr.

Bailey, Mr. Eccles, and Mr. Harmer. Demonstrators ofPractical Fbysiolcgy : Dr. Edkins, Dr. Langdon Brown, andDr. Thomas. Ophthalmic Demonstrators : Mr. Jessop andMr. Spicer. Lecturer on Physics: Mr. F. Womack.Practical Chemistry : Dr. Chattaway and Dr. Hurtley.Summer Session.-Materia Medica and Therapeutics : Dr.

Calvert. Midwifery and Diseases of Women and Children :Dr. Champneys. Botany : Rev. G. Henslow. ForensicMedicine : Dr. Hensley. Pathology : Dr. Andrewes. Oph-thalmic Surgery: Mr. Jessop. Practical Chemistry: Dr.

Chattaway and Dr. Hurtle;. Comparative Anatomy : Dr.T. W. Shore. Psychology : Dr. Cla,e Shaw. PublicHealth: Dr. Hamer. Organic Chemistry: Dr. Cbattaway.Demonstrators of Operative Surgery: Mr. Bailey, Mr.Ecclep, and Mr. Harmer. Morbid Anatomy : Dr. Andrewes,Dr. Fletcher, Dr. Dr)sdale, Mr. Power, and the surgicalregistrar. Diseases of Skin : Dr. Ormerod. Diseasesof the Eye: Mr. Jessop and Mr. Holmes Spicer. Diseasesof the Ear: Mr. Cumberbatch. Orthopaedic Surgery:Mr. Eccles. Diseases of Larynx: Mr. D’Arcy Power.Demonstrators of Medicine : Dr. Tooth, Dr. A. E. Garrod,and Dr. L. Brown. Demonstrator of Midwifery: Dr.Williamson. Tutor in Public Health: Dr. Warry. Bio-logical Demonstrators : Dr. Shore, Mr. Beckton, and Mr.Wise. Bacteriology : Dr. AndreweF. Pharmacy : Dr.Calvert and Dr. H. Smith. Chemical Pathology: Dr.Garrod. Medical Registrars : Dr. Fletcher and Dr. Drysdale.Surgical Registrar : Mr. Bailey.

CHARING-CROSS HOSPITAL AND COLLEGE.-This hos-pital and convalescent home contain 260 beds, a certain

proportion of which are set aside for the diseases of childrenand those special to women. Total fees, 115 guineas ifpaid in a single sum on entry, or 126 guineas if paid infive instalments ; the sons of registered medical practi-

,

tioners pay 105 guineas in one sum or 115 guineas in fivesums; for Dental students, 55 guineas, or 61 guineas intwo instalments. General students pay proportionatelylower feep, and are admitted without additional fee to thecourses of Clinical Medicire and Surgery. They are entitledto compete for the Scholarships, Gold Medal, Huxley, andPereira Prizes.Classes for the Preliminary Scientific Examination of the

University of London are held at this Medical School. Thefee for the whole course, which begins in October, is15 guineas. There are a’so special classes for the practicalwcrk for the Department of Public Health and a course inthe subject of Diseases of Tropical Climates.

Staff.-Consulting Physicians : Sir J. Fayrer, Bart.,M.D. and Dr. Green. Ccnsutticg Obste’ric Physician:

’

Dr. J. Watt Black. Consulting Physician fcr Diseases of

the Skin : Dr. Sargter. Physicians : Dr. Biuce, Dr.