University of California Cooperative Extension County of San Diego Farm & Home Advisor Department Sea Grant Extension Program 5555 Overland Avenue, Building 4 San Diego, California 92123 (858) 694-2845
Updated, Electronic Edition February 2003 © 1995, 2003 Regents of the University of California
David Bear, Bear Underwater ServiceCal Callagahan, San Diego Yacht ClubDon Hadley, Oceanside Harbor DistrictJim Haussener, San Leandro MarinaBarth Hudiburgh, Proline Paint CompanyDavid Kennedy, Sub-Aquatic ServiceEric Leslie, Harbor Island West MarinaLibby Lucas, Environmental Health CoalitionDeborah Mason, Mission Bay MarinaShaun McMahon, Shelter Cove Marina
Peter Michael, California Regional Water Quality Control Board
Tom Nielsen, Nielsen Beaumont MarineDavid Paige, Pettit Paint CompanyGreig Peters, California Regional Water
Quality Control BoardJim Peugh, Audubon SocietyBill Roberts, Shelter Island BoatyardSteve Scheiblauer, Monterey HarborFrank Szafranski, Courtaulds Coatings
ACKNOWLEDGMENTSWe wish to thank the people and groups who provided extensive assistance
in developing this manual and the enclosed publications:
p San Diego County Sea Grant Extension Program Boating Pollution Prevention Project Steering Committeep California Technical Advisory Committee on Non Point Source Pollution for Marinas and Recreational Boatingp San Diego Dockmasters Group
We also wish to thank Jay Bower (San Diego Yacht Club), Bill Allayaud (California Coastal Commission), Suzanne Marr andJovita Pajarillo (US Environmental Protection Agency), who encouraged us to undertake this project, Mary Butterwick, who served asUSEPA Project Officer, Chris Dewees (University of California Sea Grant Extension Program Leader), Diane Wallace, JeannieO’Neill-Ferlito, Kathy Carrington, Vicki Long and Kim Beaird (University of California Cooperative Extension), who providedadministrative support, and the many others who provided information, advice, encouragement and review.
Authors: Cover Illustration: Clay B. Clifton, Program Representative View of Commercial Basin, 1988*Erika J.A. McCoy, Program Representative in San Diego BayJamie A. Miller, Program RepresentativeLeigh T. Johnson, Marine Advisor by George Manglallan, County of San DiegoUniversity of California Cooperative Extension Farm & Home Advisor Department5555 Overland Avenue, Building 4San Diego, California 92123 (858) 694-2845 * now designated America’s Cup Harbor
University of California Cooperative Extension, Sea Grant Extension ProgramCounty of San Diego, Farm & Home Advisor Department
Publication Nos. UCSGEP-SD 95-5 (original, print edition) Printed on Recycled Paper UCSGEP-SD 03-2e (updated, electronic edition)
© 1995, 2003 Regents of the University of California
This work is sponsored in part by NOAA, National Sea Grant College Program, Department of Commerce, under grant numbers NA36RG0537 and NA06RG0142,project number A/EA-1, through the California Sea Grant Program, in part by United States Environmental Protection Agency, under grant numbers NW009982-01-0,in part by the California State Resources Agency, in part by the University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources and in part by the County of San Diego. The views expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the sponsors or any of their sub-agencies. The U.S. government mayreproduce and distribute for governmental purposes.
University of California, United States Department of Agriculture, United States Department of Commerce and County of San Diego cooperating.
The University of California prohibits discrimination against or harassment of any person on the basis of race, color, national origin, religion, sex, physicalor mental disability, medical condition (cancer-related or genetic characteristics), ancestry, marital status, age, sexual orientation, citizenship, or statusas a covered veteran (special disabled veteran, Vietnam-era veteran or any other veteran who served on active duty during a war or in a campaign orexpedition for which a campaign badge has been authorized).
University Policy is intended to be consistent with the provisions of applicable State and Federal laws. Inquiries regarding the University'snondiscrimination policies may be directed to the Affirmative Action/Staff Personnel Services Director, University of California, Agriculture and NaturalResources, 300 Lakeside Dr., 6th Floor, Oakland, CA 94612-3550 (510) 987-0096.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
I. Introduction
II. Marina Pollution Sources & Solutions
III. Hazardous Waste Management & Spill Response
IV. Marina Staff Procedures & TrainingPollution Reports & Actions LogStaff Training Log
V. Local Agency & Service Contacts
References Cited
For More Information...
The following publications that are mentioned in this manual are available athttp://seagrant.ucdavis.edu
Clean Boating Tips
Underwater Hull Cleaner Best Management Practices
Clean Boating Guide
Selecting Underwater and Topside Maintenance Services for Your Boat
Selecting a Hull Paint for Your Boat
Boating Pollution Economics & Impacts
What You Need to Know about Nontoxic Antifouling Strategies for Boats
Marina Pollution Prevention Manual is formatted with selected, blank pages and alternating,offset margins. It can be printed on both sides of the paper and then punched or stapled in theleft margin.
The general objectives of the policiesand procedures suggested in thismanual are:
Promote good marina water & sedimentquality, abundant marine life and a cleanboating environment
Minimize pollutants entering marinawater and sediments
Encourage tenants, staff and contractorsto use best management practices toprevent pollution
I. IntroductionThis manual is intended to assist Californiamarina managers, dockmasters and harbormasters in designing custom pollutionprevention plans for their facilities. Eachmarina is unique; the number of slips andstaff, types of boats moored, climate, tidalflushing, runoff from the land and localregulations vary widely.
Preventing pollution will promoteabundant marine life and ahealthy boating environment. Awell designed pollution preventionprogram can assist marinas andyacht clubs in demonstrating
compliance with regulations and managing liability for spills and wastes.
Pollution sources addressed include:
l Oil and fuell Sewagel Marine debris (garbage & plastics)l Marina & vessel cleaning & maintenance
In developing a Pollution Prevention Plan foryour marina, develop policies and proceduresfor each type of marina pollution. Considerhow you will communicate them to staff,tenants and maintenance contractors. Planactions to be taken with regard to tenants orcontractors who repeatedly ignore yourpolicies & procedures.
The information in the manual & relatedpublications is provided on an educationalbasis to assist marina managers in reducingpollution. Adapt it to suit your situation. Donot use it as a stand alone guide. Ask yourRegional Water Quality Control Board, otherregulators and tidelandsleasing agency to meet withyou and review your planfor adequacy in meetingtheir specific requirements.
POLLUTANTS & REGULATORS
The following list is provided as a generalsummary of agencies that regulate pollutiongenerated in marinas. It is not intended to bean exhaustive list; there may be otheragencies that regulate marina pollution. Contact the agencies for specificrequirements and penalties. Pollutiondischarges may result in civil or criminalpenalties.
„ Responsible local agencies may vary.
Petroleum / Hazardous Waste Spills & Clean Up
US Coast Guard,California Dept. of Fish & GameHarbor Police „
Hazardous WastesCalifornia Dept. of Toxic Substances ControlCounty Dept. of Environmental Health, Waste Management, etc. „
Marine Debris (garbage & plastics)Harbor Police „US Coast Guard
Boat SewageHarbor Police „
Hull Paints (containing copper or TBT)California Dept. of Pesticide RegulationCounty Dept. of Agriculture, Weights, and Measures
I-2
The nonpoint source pollution program was mandatedby Congress in 1990 22,23. Federal guidelinesprovide an initial voluntary period for marinas, boaters& maintenance contractors to implement bestmanagement practices for preventing pollution. Theprogram covers all forms of pollution from marinas &recreational boating. The Plan for California’sNonpoint Source Pollution Control Program waspublished in January 2000. You can find it online athttp://www.swrcb.ca.gov/nps/protecting.html Click onVolume I: NPS Program Strategy & ImplementationPlan (1998-2013). Management Measures for marinasand recreational boats are on pp. 131-146. Contact the California Coastal Commission and Regional WaterQuality Control Board offices about current marinapollution prevention requirements.
Non Point Source Pollution(broad range of pollutants) Regional Water Quality Control Board California Coastal Commission Local governments
Information in the manual & enclosedpublications was drawn from & requested bymarina managers, harbor & dock masters,boating association leaders, boatyardoperators, underwater hull cleaners,government agency staff, environmentalists,scientists, paint manufacturers, boatingsupply dealers, boating pollution preventionguides & discussions of the CaliforniaTechnical Advisory Committee on Pollutionfrom Marinas & Recreational Boating. Theenclosed publications are intended to beused with the manual & distributed to staff,boaters & contractors.
MANUAL CONTENTS
Section II. Marina Pollution Sources &Solutions lists pollution sources, pollutionprevention planning considerations and practices toprevent, reduce and control pollution. Suggestionsshould be modified to suit the marina & its tenants.
Section III. Hazardous Waste Management& Spill Response discusses considerations forhazardous waste disposal & spill first response.
Section IV. Marina Staff Procedures &Training contains ideas for developing proceduresand training staff.
Section V. Local Agency & ServiceContacts provides contact information for selectedregulatory agencies and marina services in San DiegoCounty. If you are located in another area, use it as aguide for developing a contact list for your region.
References Cited lists specific informationsources used in preparing this manual.
For More Information... lists publications thataddress some topics in depth & sources of currentpublications.
You are welcome to use the following brochures on ourwebsite to educate boaters, staff and contractors.Would you please send us an email telling how ourmanual and brochures have been helpful to you?Thank you! [email protected]
g Clean Boating Tips 2-page summary of wastes to contain, pollutionprevention tips, pollutants, regulators and spillreporting information for boaters, marina managersand maintenance workers
g Underwater Hull Cleaner Best Management Practices Pocket guide to environmentally friendly underwaterhull cleaning practices
g Clean Boating Guide 4-page boater’s pollution prevention guide
g Selecting Underwater and Topside Maintenance Services for Your Boat 2-page boater’s guide to communicating with in-slipmaintenance contractors about environmentallyfriendly practices
g Selecting a Hull Paint for Your Boat 4-page guide to hull paint characteristics,environmental considerations & relative costs
g Boating Pollution Economics & Impacts 4-page guide to economic & environmental benefitsof preventing boating pollution
g What You Need to Know about NontoxicAntifouling Strategies for Boats 12-page guide to antifouling policies, nontoxicstrategies & environmental effects of copper paints.
II. Marina Pollution Sources and Solutions
WHERE TO BEGIN?Dealing with all the possible pollution sourcesin your marina can seem daunting. A good
way to begin is by reviewingyour existing policies &procedures. You are probablyalready doing a lot to prevent,
reduce & control pollution.
Answering a few questions will help you getstarted on some of the major pollutionmanagement issues:
1. How are you handling the followingpotential sources of pollution:
a. Fuel docksb. Plastics and garbagec. Vessel sewage & bilge waterd. Marina maintenancee. Vessel maintenance
2. Are your fuel docks supervised by staff? Do they know how to prevent spills? Arematerials handy and staff ready for firstresponse to spills?
3. Regarding vessel maintenance:a. What types and how much work do
you allow to be done in the slips?b. How are you handling vessel
maintenance contractors?
4. How are you handling hazardous wastesproduced by staff, tenants and contractors?
5. How are you educating about pollutionprevention and communicating aboutproblems with staff, tenants &contractors?
6. What information is included onsigns? Are they located for besteffect?
7. Do you and your staff look for potentialpollution problems as you walk the docks?Do you prohibit people from leaving things onthe docks?
A QUICK LOOKHere is a summary of pollution sources &solutions to be discussed in this section:
1. OIL and FUEL POLLUTION
Spills - Clean up, if staff are certified;Prevent, contain and report spills from:Fueling stations - supervise stationsOil changes - use clean practices; disposewaste properlyBilge water - provide pumpout facilities;dispose waste properly; Engine repair - use clean practices and oilchange services; dispose waste properly
2. SEWAGE POLLUTION
Direct discharge - use shoreside restrooms,holding tanks & pumpout services
3. MARINE DEBRIS (Garbage and Plastics)
Plastics, trash, garbage - use shoreside containers
4. BOAT CLEANING and MAINTENANCE IN THE SLIP
Sanding - contain sanding chips and dustPainting - prevent spills, dispose leftoverpaints and solvents appropriately. Cleaning - prevent spills, dispose productsappropriately and use “greener” alternativesExterior teak and trim - use best cleaningpractices; use less caustic productsUnderwater hull cleaning - select less toxicpaint at haulout; use best cleaning practices
5. MARINA MAINTENANCE
Marina maintenance produces many of thepollutants listed above, so it is not covered ina separate section. Adapt the informationpresented to develop policies and proceduresfor marina maintenance.
II-2
Fuel and oil spills that reachthe water must be reported tothe US Coast Guard. Clearly post the phone numberfor staff, boaters and visitors:
1 (800) 424-8802
PREVENT, REDUCE AND CONTROL
1. OIL and FUEL POLLUTION
< Engine Work
Engine oil is one of the most toxiccompounds boaters can introduce to themarine environment. Engine repair canrelease oil into marine waters, affectingmarine larvae and plankton living in the toplayer of water. A single pint can cover anacre of the marina’s surface.20
Consider requiring contractors to sign a cleanworker contract and show proof of businesslicense & insurance.9,13,14
If your marina does not have waste oilreceptacles inform tenants that it is illegal todispose oil and filters anywhere except at apermitted recycler or hazardous wastedisposal facility. This includes leaving themin or by the dumpster or pouring oil into stormdrains or marine waters.
Require that engine parts bewashed over a container or in aparts washer, not over the wateror ground. Dispose wash wateras a hazardous material.12
< Fuel Dock Operation & Maintenance
Have an employee supervise the fuel dock.13
Keep fuel nozzles with automatic backpressure shut-off in good condition. If you donot have automatic shut-off, do not useholding clips to keep fuel flowing freely.3
Ask or require boaters to install “whistles” towarn when fuel tank is nearly full.3 Ask themnot to “top off” tanks.7
Oil haulers and recyclers pick up fuel forrecycling. Ask the local fire department forfire code requirements. See Section V. Local Agency & Service Contacts.
< Fuel and Oil Spills
Keep a containment boom and absorbentpads in a locker near the fuel dock for firstresponse to spills.4
< Bilge Water Discharge
Inform staff, tenants and contractors thatdischarging bilge water contaminated with oil,fuel, or other regulated contaminants isillegal. Post location of the nearest bilgepumpout service, if your marina does nothave one.
Keep oil absorbent pads available for tenantsto remove oil from bilge water. Dispose thepads as hazardous waste once they aresaturated.2
Collect oil contaminated by water, fuel, orengine fluids for proper disposal. If yourmarina does not collect waste oil, post thelocation of the nearest collection facility.
< Waste Disposal
Careless engine maintenance, poor fuelinghabits and improper disposal ofoil and contaminated bilge waterrelease more oil into marinewater each year than the ExxonValdez spill.20
Recycle or dispose waste oil, fuel,contaminated bilge water and products fortheir clean up as hazardous waste. SeeSection III. Hazardous WasteManagement and Spill Response.
II-3
2. SEWAGE POLLUTION
Post signs prohibiting thedischarge of head waste and petwaste from boats. Inform boatersthat it is illegal to dump untreatedsewage inside the 3 mile territoriallimit of the United States.20
Consider requiring new liveaboard tenants tohave adequate holding tanks, not justportable toilets.10
Provide maps of pumpout stations andrestrooms. Provide referrals to mobilepumpout services. See Section V. LocalAgency and Service Contacts.
Encourage boaters to use marina restrooms,not boat heads.
Educate boaters via billing inserts, signs,newsletters and handouts to use pumpoutstations and not to discharge head waste
If your marina has a pumpout station, post itslocation, hours, clear instructions, pump type(centrifugal, diaphragm, vacuum) and whereto call for service if it is out of order.
Well maintained pumpout stations areimportant in preventing sewage discharges tomarina waters. Regularly inspect, loginspections and promptly arrange repair ofmarina pumpout stations.
Here is a simple test for pumpoutstation efficiency: Every week,time how long the pumpout stationtakes to empty a 5-gallon bucketof water; 30-35 seconds is OK, 45 seconds isnot.7
Report sewage spills to the Harbor Police orsimilar agency. See Section V. LocalAgency and Service Contacts.
3. MARINE DEBRIS (Garbage & Plastics)
< MARPOL Treaty
Educate staff, boaters and contractors viabilling inserts, newsletters, signs, handoutsand personal contacts that the MARPOLTreaty prohibits discharging garbage, trashand plastics into marine waters.
„ The MARPOL Treaty prohibitsdumping any of the followingwithin 3 nautical miles of the U.S.coastline:15
< garbage (food wastes)< plastics< trash (non-plastic)< packaging< line< nets< fish cleaning wastes
Advise boaters that:
¤ all boats over 26 feet long must display theMARPOL placard in a visible location.
¤ all boats over 40 feet long must display theplacard and have a written WasteManagement Plan on board. 20
< Waste Disposal
Trash, food, fish cleaning wastes, packagingmaterials, lines and nets should be disposedonshore.
If your marina recycles, haveboaters recycle green, brownand clear glass, newspapers,plastic and aluminum in propercontainers.
Report illegal discharges to the U.S. CoastGuard 1 (800) 424-8802 or local harborpolice.
II-4
Have everyone follow 3 simple rules:NOTHING IS LEFT ON THE DOCKNOTHING GOES IN THE WATER
NEVER SPRAY PAINT 4,7
4. BOAT MAINTENANCE and CLEANING IN THE SLIP
< Things That Make You Go Gray!
Dock and vessel maintenance and cleaningare loaded with potential for washdowns,spills, overspray, dusts, chips, scrapings, hullpaint plumes, etc. to release pollution. Boaters ask why they have to worry aboutsmall amounts of pollution. This“miscellaneous” pollution can be reduced tomanageable limits with a few, broad policiesand simple rules.
The managers who use these rules explain:
¤ If nothing is on the dock, nothing can beknocked or blown over or off of the dock!
¤ Everyone (managers, staff, tenants andcontractors) can remember a few rules!
< Marina or Boatyard?
Another way to simplify the task of controllingpollution is to decide what type and howmuch maintenance and cleaning you willpermit in the slip. Some marinas limitprojects to less than 10% of the boat surface;some allow up to 25%. Educate boaters,staff and contractors on this policy. Requireboaters to take larger projects to an onshoreservice with proper equipment and pollutioncontrols.6,10,20
<Who Can Work in Your Marina?
If you provide referrals to underwater hullcleaners, topside maintenance and otherservices, ensure they are known to beprofessional and responsible for their work.
Consider requiring servicecompanies to sign a “CleanWorker” contract and keep it onfile. Some marinas report thatrequiring contractors to have abusiness license and insurance results infewer problems.9,13,14
Consider whether to permit only maintenanceservices that use best management practicesfor preventing pollution.
Some underwater hull cleaners use bestmanagement practices to reduce pollutionrelease and hull damage. Some are settingup certification programs & providing lists ofcertified hull cleaners to marinas and harbors. See the online Underwater Hull CleanerBest Management Practices.
< What to Use?11
“Environmentally friendly” products canreduce the potential for pollution if spills occuror if paint is rubbed off the hull. Require staffand encourage others to use cleaningproducts that are less caustic or toxic. Encourage boaters to consider less toxicantifouling paints at haulouts. Postinformation on cleaning products, such as:
„ Avoid products that contain ammonia,lye, bleach or petroleum distillates.
„ Use phosphate free andbiodegradable soaps &less caustic cleaners.
< For the Details
Design policies, procedures and educationprograms for staff, boaters and contractors. Be ready to answer questions on the benefitsof preventing pollution. Information in theenclosed publications will help you designpolicies, procedures and an educationprogram. You may copy and distribute themor request camera ready masters. Most havespace for your logo & organization name.
• Oil & fuel spills• Oils & grease from engine repair• Bilge & wash waters• Paint & varnish dust & chips• Paint residue containing antifoulingtoxicants, such as cuprous oxide ortributyl tin)• Caustic paint strippers & alkaline oracidic cleaners• Organic solvents, such as paint thinner,chemical strippers & parts cleaners
III. Hazardous Waste Management & Spill Response
LIABILITY
Marina and vessel maintenance and cleaningactivities produce some hazardous wastes. Be aware of the laws and your liability forhazardous wastes and spills. Contact yourlocal Environmental Health Department’sHazardous Materials Management Division,Office of Waste Management or similaragency for information on responsibility forwaste management, disposal methods,collection stations, etc.. See Section V.Local Agency and Service Contacts.
PRIMARY WASTE SOURCES
< Oil and fueling activities< Boat cleaning, painting, and
maintenance activities
Hazardous wastes foul marina waters andharm marine life. (See the online BoatingPollution Economics and Impacts). Waste types common to marinas include:19
BENEFITS of REDUCINGHAZARDOUS WASTES
Reducing hazardous waste cuts operatingcosts and liability by:< Lowering the chances that wastes will beimproperly disposed & require costly cleanup
< Protecting staff, tenant and contractorhealth & safety by reducing exposure to toxic& caustic substances.
HOW TO REDUCEHAZARDOUS WASTE
< Best ManagementPractices
Consider establishing best managementpractices to reduce, recycle and reusehazardous materials in your marina. Seesuggestions in manual Sections II. & IV. andthe online Clean Boating Guide.
Encourage staff, tenants and contractors tofollow the “LC” principle for cleaningactivities:
(Use) Less toxic or caustic & Less of itContain it and Clean it up
< Encourage Recycling
Reusing or recyclinghazardous materials canreduce the amount ofwaste produced in yourmarina.19
Uncontaminated and unmixed wastesolvents, thinners, oils and fuels arerecyclable. Materials contaminated by solvent, water, paint, thinner ornonhazardous material may not be recycledand are more expensive to dispose. Askboaters to place hazardous wastes inseparate, labeled containers to preventcontamination and take them to collectioncenters.
Also, encourage boaters toexchange excess paints, thinners,varnishes, etc. or donate them toschools, community theaters, etc..11
III-2
HAZARDOUS MATERIALSTORAGE AND DISPOSAL
Marina managers need to determine:
C Whether government agencies or privatecompanies can provide hazardous materialcollection and spill clean up (Option I)
C Or whether the marina must undertakecollection, storage and disposal of hazardouswastes generated by tenants (Option II).
Marinas that choose Option IImust obtain permits, buildspecial storage facilities,maintain records, obtainspecialized training for theirstaff and incur liability.7,9,14
Ask authorities for requirements!
OPTION I.
Many marinas place responsibilities ontenants for disposing of hazardous wastes. Ifthis is your policy, post signs and tell boatersoften that they must dispose hazardousmaterials at licensed collection centers. Explain that waste oil, used oil filters,batteries, paints, solvents, anti-freeze, etc.are hazardous wastes. Ask your countyEnvironmental Health Department, Office ofWaste Management or similar agency for acomplete list of materials that are consideredhazardous wastes. Refer boaters to:
1) County or city Environmental HealthDepartment, Waste ManagementOffice, Water Department or similaragency for information onhousehold hazardous materialscollection stations or events thataccept small amounts of such wastes fromindividuals.
2) Local automotive shops that accept usedoil and batteries. See Part V, Local Agencyand Service Contacts. Tell boaters not tomix waste oil with any other products.
Many waste oil collection centers do notaccept contaminated oil.
Work with other marinas and local authoritiesto develop a convenient and effective systemfor collecting hazardous wastesfrom boaters and marinas. Forexample, consider arranging aweekly pickup at severalmarinas. Have staff & tenantsbring wastes they generate each week to thepickup site at the appointed time.4,9,10,13,14
OPTION II.
Following are some considerations formarinas that decide to store hazardous wasteand clean up spills. Check with authoritiesfor specific requirements.8,17
< HAZWOPER Training For Staff
Staff that handle, store, dispose and clean uphazardous wastes must be certified under theHazardous Waste Operations andEmergency Response (HAZWOPER) trainingprogram.
University Extension at the University ofCalifornia, Davis offers HAZWOPER 40-hourbasic courses and 8-hour refresher courses.Visit www.extension.ucdavis.edu and click onProgram Areas, then Hazardous MaterialsManagement Courses. Click on the coursetitle for a description and fees. A certificate ofcompletion and a card are issued for eachcourse. Call (530) 757-8602 for questionsand for information on holding a group classat your facility.
< Evaluate Your Storage Facility17
If your marina stores hazardous wastes,review the following questions in evaluatingthe storage area. Also check with regulatoryagencies to ensure your storage area meetstheir requirements.
Are hazardous materials stored properly, i.e.,segregated by content, covered, labeled with
III-3
sufficient space for visual inspection, and onpallets? Pallets raise containers off the floorand prevent corrosion of containers bymoisture on the concrete.
Are there separate, clearly labeled containersfor used antifreeze, paints cans, andsolvents?
Does the storage area have a concrete floorand berm to contain spills?
Is there an assigned, periodicinspection routine?
Consider using larger containersfor waste storage. Alternatives to 55 gallondrums include polyethylene containersenclosed in a rigid wire mesh. Thesecontainers have a larger capacity, areportable, reusable, and can be outfitted fortop or bottom discharge, cleaning access,and locking.
Oil filters must be drained for 24 hours into apan. This oil may be recycled.
< Are the facility and the staff prepared tohandle a hazardous waste spill ?
Develop an oil spill response plan thatincludes:17
Who - Clearly identify who isresponsible for taking action
What - What action should be taken duringan oil spill event and what equipment andsupplies should be deployed
Where - Where spill response equipment andsupplies are located in the facility
How - Instructions for the use and disposal ofthis equipment and supplies
Have employees been trained in the properprocedures for handling hazardous wastes?
Keep spill clean up materials in a cabinet orlocker next to prime spill areas. Use lockers for storing booms, pads, fire extinguishersand copies of your spill contingency plans.
Avoid improper disposal by providing wasteoil receptacles. Tell boaters that waste oilmust not be mixed with other wastes or waterand to cover it to protect it from rainfall.
Post signs telling boaters to report spills to:
U.S. Coast Guard National Response Center: 1-800-424-8802.
Tell staff:5
U Clean spills and leaks immediately. Do not hose down. U If an oil spill reaches the water, deploy oil containment booms.
U Use dry clean up methods, such as oil absorbent pads. Do not use straw.
U Location of booms and oil absorbent pads.
U Absorbent pads can be used again. Dispose used pads as hazardous waste.
PRIMARY SPILL RESPONSE
Reduce the chance of a spill by establishingthe policy, “Nothing goes on the docks.”7
Even marinas without a formal spill clean upprogram need to be able to contain spillswhile awaiting assistance from the CoastGuard or other clean up agency.
Modify the guidelines inOption II to suit your situation.
III-4
Fuel or oil spills that reach the water must bereported to the US Coast Guard. Clearly postthe phone number for marina staff, tenantsand contractors: 1 (800) 424-8802
Keep a containment boom and absorbentpads in a locker near the fuel dock for firstresponse to spills.4
Do not apply soap or detergents to spilledoil. When oil enters the water, it can besoaked up with oil absorbent pads.
Oil absorbent pads can be used many times. To reuse the pad, wring it thoroughly anddispose the liquid as hazardous waste. When the pad will no longer absorb oil, wringit out and dispose it as hazardous waste.5
DOCKMASTER CHECKLISTFOR WASTE REDUCTION17
The following questions can help youevaluate your capability to reduce hazardouswastes and the attendant costs and liability:
Does your marina have an established wastereduction program? Is a specific employeeassigned to oversee its success? Does theprogram have a set goal?
Is management fully aware of current local,state, and federal regulations relating tohazardous waste material disposal, treatmentand recycling?
Do you conduct or sendemployees to educationprograms on how to avoidexcessive waste generation?Are there employee incentiveprograms?
Follow the motto:7
EducateCommunicate
ContainClean Up
Are marina staff, tenants and contractorsaware that the following should not bethrown in the dumpster:
• engine oil, new or used• antifreeze• paints, varnishes, solvents• pesticides, etc.
Do marina tenants know thelocation of hazardous waste collection sitesor recycling centers (for used oil)?
Refer them to the county EnvironmentalHealth Department, Office of WasteManagement or similar agency for dates andlocations of Household Hazardous Wastecollection events. See Section V. LocalAgency and Service Contacts.
HAZARDOUS WASTEMANAGEMENT
PLANNING ASSISTANCE
Some counties may provide a list of generalhazardous waste requirements or a samplehazardous materials business plan. Inquirewhether your county or city EnvironmentalHealth Department, Office of WasteManagement, Water Department or similaragency can provide such assistance. SeeSection V. Local Agency and ServiceContacts.
Some insurance companies providehazardous waste management information insafety planning documents for their clients. Some may have specific safety planningguidelines for marinas.
IV. Marina Staff Procedures & TrainingTraining helps employees to recognize andunderstand pollution sources, relatedproblems & best management practices(BMPs) for solving or preventing problems.Remember to incorporate employee andtenant feedback into training manuals &sessions.5
This section includes training suggestionscommon to all areas of marina pollution, aswell as some specialized suggestions for specific sources of pollution. Use or adaptthem in developing procedures and trainingsuitable for your facility.
GENERAL STAFF TRAINING
Develop a training schedule appropriate toyour situation. Consider current staffexpertise, turnover rate, numbers of staffand tenants, recent experiencewith pollution incidents, etc..10
Consider organizing regional training formanagers and staff on pollution preventionand other topics, to promote consistencyand avoid duplication of effort.13
Train staff on:
•Marina BMPs and policies regardingpollution prevention.
•How to recognize activities and practicesof boaters and boat service companies thatcreate or discharge pollution.
•How to communicate with boatersregarding pollution creating activitiesand how to inform them of bestmanagement practices
•What is required of and how tomonitor vessel service companies
working in the marina.•How to report pollution problems needingstaff or management attention. Consider
posting a pollution report clipboard thatsuccessive shifts can use to check the status and actions needed to resolveproblems.10 A sample pollution report formis included in this section.
1. OIL and FUEL POLLUTION
See Section III. Waste Management &Spill Response, Option II for staff trainingsuggestions if your staff has undergone theHazardous Waste Operations andEmergency Response training certification(“HAZWOPER”).
Post information telling boaters how toreport spills. Call the U.S. Coast GuardNational Response Center 1-800-424-8802.
2. SEWAGE POLLUTION
Instruct staff how to inspect & repairpumpout equipment and maintain a monthlyschedule.
Tell staff to:
U Post signs telling boaters to informthe dockmaster immediately whenthe pump breaks down and how tomake such reports.
U Inform boaters of the closestpumpout station location if there isnot one at the marina.
3. MARINE DEBRIS (Garbage & Plastics)
Teach staff to tell boaters:•where trash can be disposed• that overboard trash disposal is illegalunder the MARPOL Treaty. 15
IV-2
All marina & vessel maintenanceworkers must follow three rules:
T Nothing is left on the dock (sonothing can spill or blow over or offthe dock) 7
U Nothing (paint chips,sawdust, sanding dust,cleaning solvents, concretedust, etc.) goes into thewater 4
U No spray painting allowedunder any conditions 4
4. BOAT CLEANING and MAINTENANCE IN THE SLIP
Instruct staff how to recognize cleaning andmaintenance practices of boaters and boatservice companies that create or dischargepollution. Tell Staff to watch for:
U Colored plume in the water when avessel is being cleaned underwater. Colored "plumes" or clouds shouldnot occur; they indicate paint hasbeen rubbed off the hull.*
U Bilge water discharged with a sheen.
U Sanding, painting, varnishing,cleaning without tarps or othermethods to prevent drips, dust, washwater, etc. from reaching the water.
U Recognize environmentally harmfulcleaners. Tactfully ask tenants andcontractors to use environmentallyfriendly or biodegradable cleaners. Recognize, look for and tactfully tellboaters when too much cleaner isbeing rinsed into the water.
Also see Sections II. and III. of this manualand the online Clean Boating Tips andClean Boating Guide. Visit our nontoxicantifouling strategies project online:http://seagrant.ucdavis.edu
5. Marina Maintenance
Marina maintenance employeesmust follow the same guidelinesand best management practicesas boaters to avoid pollutingmarina waters.
Train marina staff to recognize situationswith the potential for pollution (spills,
overspray, wind blown dusts, etc.) as partof their regular duties.6
Guidelines for maintenance employees canbe summarized as follows:
Also see Sections II. and III. of this manualand the online Clean Boating Tips andClean Boating Guide.
SPEAKING with BOATERS
Teach staff tactful methods to communicaterules and regulations of your marina. Boaters may not see their actions aspolluting. Boater education techniquesused by various marinas include:
• Signs at appropriate locations;concentrated at fuel docks, pumpoutstations, and dumpsters. • Newsletters• Boater BMPs in rental contract• Marina bulletin board• Informal contacts &warnings• Warning letters• Charging tenants forclean up and disposal
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When problems develop with a particulartenant, some marinas use variations on thisprocedure6,7:
1. Bring the problem to the boater’sattention and provide information on betterpractices.
2. Mail the tenant a written notice. Aletter reduces confrontation betweenstaff and tenants. Log the mailing.
3. Talk to the boater if the problempersists. Explain why their actions are aproblem, e.g., safety hazard, unsightly, etc. 4. Remove the problem from the dock andcharge the boater for removal or clean upcosts.
5. Ask the tenant to leave if the problemcontinues.
SPEAKING with CONTRACTORS
Determine a policy that is appropriate foryour marina. Some marinas requirecontractors to have a business license andinsurance.
If they notice a contractor using practicesthat are creating pollution or have thepotential to pollute, they ask to see thecontractor’s license and insurance. Thosewithout these documents may be asked toleave. If they have them, they are issuedone warning and asked to leave if theproblem continues.
Consider whether you would use such apolicy. Also consider whether you wouldprefer staff to communicate directly withcontractors or whether they shouldapprise you of the situation, so thatyou can handle it directly.
Train staff according to your policyand procedures.
TRAINING LOGS
Maintain records of stafftraining workshops, classes,etc., conducted to educatemarina staff on bestmanagement practices forboaters and the marina itself.
Training logs should include training dates,topics, participating employees,instructor(s), manuals or other materialsprovided. A sample training log is includedin this section.
MARINA STAFF CHECKLISTS
Following are examples of items you maywish to include on checklists for monitoringthe docks. The Marina and RecreationAssociation has developed acomprehensive set of sample checklists. See Section V. Local Agency andService Contacts.
Is the fueling dock supervised?
U For fuel nozzles without automatic shut-off on, hold dispenser by hand; do notinsert a clip to keep flowing freely.3
U Clean up spills and leaks immediately. Do not hose down spills or leaks.
Are boaters, marina maintenanceworkers, and contractors using bestmanagement practices to avoidpollution?
U Watch for boaters discharging bilgewater with a sheen. This indicates the bilgewater is contaminated with oil and shouldnot be discharged. Report oil sheens fromvessels to the U.S. Coast Guard.
U Watch to be sure boaters andmaintenance contractors are not washingcleaning debris (paint chips, sanding dust,soap, etc.) into the water.
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U Watch for boat cleaning projects to besure they are using tarps and vacuums tocollect cleaning debris.
U Watch for sewage discharge from boatheads and in the marina. Sewagedischarges are illegal and should bereported to the Harbor Police or U.S. CoastGuard.
U Regularly inspect supplies of booms andoil absorbent pads for first response tospills.
U Watch for underwater hull cleaning that discharges colored clouds or “plumes”into the water. Colored plumes should notoccur; they indicate paint has been rubbedoff the hull.
U New, nontoxic bottom paints do notrelease copper to marina waters. Becausethey don’t stop fouling growth, they need tobe cleaned more often, but may last longer.
Nontoxic antifouling strategies may becomea requirement in coastal marinas with ahigh concentration of boats and poor tidalflushing.
Visit our Internet site to learn about:
q Changes in antifouling policies
q Our nontoxic antifouling strategiesdemonstration project
q Our brochure “What You Need to Knowabout Nontoxic Antifouling Strategies forBoats”
q And other educational materials, such asour cost comparison of copper-based vs.nontoxic boat bottom paints.
http://seagrant.ucdavis.edu
Are marina staff aware of current lawsand regulations pertaining to waterpollution?
A number of agencies regulate pollutiongenerated in marinas. See the list inSection I. Introduction and contactinformation in Section V. Local Agencyand Service Contacts. Contact theseagencies if you have specific questionsregarding water pollution regulations.Pollution discharges may result in civil orcriminal penalties.
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POLLUTION REPORTS & ACTIONS LOG
FACILITYNAME:_______________________________________________________________
REPORT DATE
STAFFREPORTING
PROBLEM DESCRIPTION
ACTION TAKEN ACTIONDATE
STAFFHANDLING
FILE COMPLETED PAGES:____________________________________________________
OTHER INSTRUCTIONS:______________________________________________________
PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
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STAFF TRAINING LOG
FACILITYNAME:_______________________________________________________________
TRAINING DATE
TRAINING TOPICS TRAININGMATERIALS
USED
STAFF TRAINED COMMENTS
9 TRAINING ROSTERS ATTACHED FOR (DATES):_________________________________
9 TRAINING MATERIALS ATTACHED FOR (DATES):________________________________
PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
V. Local Agency and Service Contacts This information pertains to San Diego County. If you live in another area, use this section as aguide to preparing a local contact list. Marina managers and dockmasters can aid their tenants inreducing marina pollution by providing basic information such as locations of pumpout stations,and numbers to call regarding hazardous waste disposal/collection events, as listed below. Thislist is not exhaustive; it includes only those agencies and services which have come to ourattention during the preparation of this publication. Update and expand this list as needed.
SEWAGE PUMPOUT STATIONS(Updated February 2003)
Table V-1. San Diego Bay 21
FACILITY LOCATION PHONE
Shelter Island Harbor PoliceDock
1401 Shelter Island Dr., San Diego
619-686-6272. 24 hoursFree
Pearson’s Marine Service
2435 Shelter Island Dr., San Diego
619-222-7084. 7:30-6pm. Free with fuel or small feewithout
Marina Cortez Fuel Dock 1880 Harbor Island Dr., San Diego
619-296-2331. 8am - 5pm. Free with fuel or small feewithout
Harbor Island West FuelDock
2040 Harbor Island Dr., San Diego
619-291-6443. 7am -5:30pm. $5 or $3 with fuel.
Loew’s Crown Island Marina 4000 Coronado Bay Road,Coronado
619-575-SAIL Center Dockfor public use. $10
Glorietta Bay Marina 1715 Strand Way, Coronado
619-435-5203 8am - 5pm$5
California Yacht Marina (fortenants only)
640 Marina Parkway, Chula Vista
619-422-2595. Tenants have key.
Marriott Marina Boat SideServices (portable, call to setappointment)
385 West Harbor Drive, San Diego
619-523-1167 Call ahead
Chula Vista Marina (fortenants only)
550 Marina Parkway, Chula Vista
619-691-1860 8:30am-4pmNo fee. Call ahead
Sunroad Marina (for tenantsonly)
955 Harbor Island Dr., San Diego
619-574-0736. 9am-5pmFree to public-Office has key
Sheraton East Marina (fortenants only)
1380 Harbor Island Dr., San Diego
619-692-2249 Call aheadPortable unit.
National City Launch Ramp 3300 Goes No Place, Chula Vista
619-686-6272 Unattended Free
V-2
Table V-2. Mission BayFACILITY LOCATION PHONE
Marina Village 1842 Quivira Way, San Diego
619-224-3125 24 hoursFree
Islandia Fuel Dock 1441 Quivira Road, Pacific Beach (San Diego)
619-222-1164 6am - 6pm$5.
Sea World Marina 1660 South Shores Rd., San Diego
619-226-3915 9am -5pm$5.
Table V-3. Oceanside Harbor FACILITY LOCATION PHONE
Small Craft Harbor 1540 Harbor Drive North,Oceanside
760-435-4000 24 hoursFree
OIL & BATTERY RECYCLINGSan Diego Oil Recycling Hotline 858-694-7000Selected stores of automotive businesses:(Contact the business to confirm they are recycling oil and batteries):LOCATION STORE ADDRESS PHONE
Chula Vista Pep Boys 1142 Broadway Street 619-426-2133
El Cajon Jiffy Lube 539 North 2nd Street 619-441-0110
Encinitas Auto Zone 120 Leucadia Blvd. 760-942-2662
Escondido Valvoline Instant Oil Change 2109 E. Valley Parkway 760-741-1236
Fallbrook Auto Zone 1081-95 S. Mission Rd. 760-728-5974
ImperialBeach
Kragen Auto Parts 1220 Palm Avenue 619-429-1303
La Mesa Firestone 5577 Lake Murray Blvd. 619-462-3280
National City Kragen Auto Parts 1202 E. Plaza Blvd. 619-474-3312
Oceanside Pep Boys 2041 Mission Avenue 760-721-1608
Poway Auto Zone 13397 Poway Road 619-748-8564
Ramona Kragen Auto Parts 1935 Highway 67 760-789-7109
San Diego Valvoline Instant Oil Change 4805 W. Point LomaBlvd.
619-221-5949
San Diego Firestone 1136 C Street 619-233-7121
Vista Auto Zone 1410 N. Santa FeAvenue
760-806-9784
Information provided by the Integrated Waste Management Board http://www.ciwmb.ca.gov/UsedOil/
V-3
HAZARDOUS MATERIALS CONTACTS BY TOPIC (Updated February, 2003)
Waste DisposalFor information regarding the next San Diego Regional Household Hazardous Material collectiondate call: San Diego County Hazardous Waste Hotline 877-713-2784
Fire SafetyCity of San Diego Fire Department Hazardous Materials Management 619-533-4300
Reporting Sewage SpillsSan Diego Harbor Police 619-686-6272San Diego Port District Environmental Management 619-686-6254
Reporting Hazardous Waste Spills or DischargesU.S. Coast Guard (Fuel/oil, hazardous waste spills, or plastics) 800-424-8802 HAZMAT/County Environmental Health Department (fuel, other hazardous substances) 619-338-2284For more information on Hazardous Waste Management The following publications are available to the public as pdf files from the San Diego CountyEnvironmental Health Services, Hazardous Materials Division website: http://www.sdcounty.ca.gov/deh/hmd/publications.htmlDisclosure of Hazardous Waste Information BulletinHazardous Waste Tank SystemsGeneral Hazardous Waste Requirements (also in Spanish)Hazardous Materials Business PlanList of Certified Local Labs
HAZARDOUS MATERIALS CONTACTS BY ORGANIZATION NAME
STATE AND FEDERAL AGENCIES
NPS Program RequirementsCalifornia Coastal Commission Water Quality Unit 415-904-5200California Coastal Commission Legislative Office 916-445-6067Regional Water Quality Control Board 619-467-2952
Hazardous Materials Regulation Cal EPA Department of Toxic Substances Control 800-698-6942
Spill Clean UpUS Coast Guard 800-424-8802Department of Fish & Game,
Oil Spill Prevention and Response Office 916-327-9948
SAN DIEGO COUNTY AGENCIES
Hazardous Materials Generation and StorageDepartment of Environmental Health Services 619-338-2231
A. Hazardous Materials Management Program:hazardous material generation and storage
B. Site Assessment & Mitigation: storage tank regulation
V-4
Copper based and TBT Hull PaintsDepartment of Agriculture, Weights & Measures 858-694-2739
Household Hazardous Waste Waste Management Department, Refuse Disposal 858-573-1418San Diego County Hazardous Waste Hotline 800-246-1233San Diego County Hazardous Materials Management Program 619-338-2284
MARINE RELATED ORGANIZATIONSSan Diego Unified Port District 619-686-6272Sea Grant Extension Program 858-694-2845Marina and Recreation Association 209-334-0661California Clean Boating Network (c/o California Coastal Commission) 415-904-5214San Diego County Water Quality Status 619-338-2073
References
References CitedThe following sources provided information that is incorporated throughout this document, aswell as where specifically noted. Some material was found in multiple sources, not necessarilynoted.
1. Bear, David N. (1989) Letter to the SanDiego Unified Port District regarding BestManagement Practices for Underwater HullCleaning; Bear Underwater Service, Inc.
2. Bleier, Anne. KECO Pump-A-Head, Inc. Personal communication.
3. Buller, Pat. (1995) Clean Marina + CleanBoating + Clean Water Partnership. PugetSoundkeeper Alliance. Seattle, WA.
4. Callaghan, Cal. San Diego Yacht Club.Personal communication.
5. Camp, Dresser & McKee, et al (1993)California Storm Water Best ManagementPractices Handbook, Municipal, Volume 1.
6. Hadley, Don. Oceanside Harbor District. Personal communication.
7. Haussener, Jim. San Leandro Marina. Personal communication.
8. Johnson, Chris (1993) A HazardousWaste Resource Manual for the MarineService Industry. Puget Sound Alliance.Seattle, WA.
9. Kolb, Ruth. San Diego Unified PortDistrict, Environmental ManagementDepartment. Personal communication.
10. Leslie, Eric. Harbor Island West Marina. Personal communication.
11. Lucas, Elizabeth (1991) Baywatch, AGuide for Boaters; Environmental HealthCoalition. San Diego, CA.
12. Marin County Office of WasteManagement (1993) Pollution Prevention atMarinas; Marin County Office of WasteManagement. Marin County, CA.
13. Mason, Deborah. Mission Bay Marina.Personal Communication.
14. McMahon, Shaun. Shelter Cove Marina.Personal communication.
15. NOAA Technical Memorandum (1988)Dealing with Annex V - Reference Guide forPorts. NMFS F/NWR -23. 16. Nielsen, Tom. Nielsen BeaumontMarine. Personal communication.
17. Office of Pollution Prevention andTechnology Development (1993) HazardousWaste Minimization Checklist andAssessment Manual for Marine Ship andPleasure Vessel Boatyards. CaliforniaDepartment of Toxic Substances.Sacramento, CA.
18. Steve Scheiblauer. Monterey HarborDepartment. Personal communication.
19. SCS Engineers (1989) HazardousWaste Minimization Audit Study ofMarineyards for Maintenance and Repair;Prepared for California Department of HealthServices, Alternative Technology and PolicyDevelopment Section; Sacramento, CA.
20. “Soundwatch, An Environmental GuideFor Boaters” (1993) 48° North, The SailingMagazine. Seattle, WA.
21. Southwest Research Associates (1994)Draft Environmental Assessment Report forthe 1995 America’s Cup Match. San Diego,CA.
22. United States Environmental ProtectionAgency (1993) Coastal Nonpoint PollutionProgram -- Program Development andApproval Guidance. Washington, DC.
23. United States Environmental ProtectionAgency (1993) Guidance SpecifyingManagement Measures For Sources ofNonpoint Pollution in Coastal Waters.Washington D.C.
