616 UNIVERSITY OF ST. ANDREWS.-UNIVERSITY OF DUBLIN.

Wnite Finlay, M.D. Chemistry : F. R. Japp, LL.D., F.R.S.An ttom7: R. W. R3il, M.D., F.R.C.S. Surgery: A. Og3ton,C.14I. Miterij, M,d.ic3.: J. T. C.),sh. M.D., F.R.S. Mid-

wifery: W. Stevenson, M.D. Forensic Medicine: Matthew

Hiy, M D. Bote,ny: J. W. H. Trail, M.D., F.R.S. Pathology:D. J. Himilton, M.B., LL.D. Natural History: J. Arthur

Thomson, M.A. _____ I

UNIVERSITY OF ST. ANDREWS (UNITED COLLEGE,ST. ANDREWS AND UNIVERSITY COLLEGE,

DUNDEE).The following are extracts from the Regulations for

Degrees in Medicine contained in Ordinance No. 45(St. Andrews, No. 4) of the Commissioners under theUniversities (Scotland) Act, 1889. These regulations cameinto force on April 19th, 1897. Four degrees in Medicineani Surgery shall be conferred by the University ofSt. Andrews-viz., Bachelor of Medicine (M.B.), Bachelorof Surgery (Ch.B.), Doctor of Medicine (M.D.), and Masterof Surgery (Ch.M.). The degrees of M.B. and Ch.B. shallalways be conjoined. Before commencing his medicalstudies each student shall pass a Preliminary Examinationin (a) English, (b) Latin, (c) Elementary Mathematics, and(d) one of the following optional subjects :-(a) Greek,(8) French, (y) German, (3) Italian, (e) any other ModernLanguage, (f) Lagic. A degree in Arts or in Science in anyof the Universities of the United Kingdom and in somecolonial or foreign universities shall exempt from thePreliminary Examination. The Preliminary Examination forgraduation in Medicine and Surgery, Arts or Science, of theUniversity of St. Andrews is accepted as equivalent to theRegistration Examination required by the General MedicalCouncil (the certificate to include the required subjects).Also the Final Examination for a degree in Arts or

Science and the Final Examination for the Diploma ofL.L.A.

Degree of Bachelor of Medioine and Baahelor of 816’J’gery.-Candidates must have been engaged in medical study forat least five years. In each of the first four years thecandidate must have attended at least two courses ofinstruction in one or more of the subjects of study specifiedbelow, each course extending over a session of not lessthan five months, either continuous or divided into twoterms, or, alternatively, one such course along with twocourses, each extending over a session of not less thantw and a half months. Daring the fifth or final year thecandidate shall be engaged in clinical study for at least ninemouths at the Infirmary of Dandee or at one or more of suchpublic hospitals or dispensaries, British or foreign, as maybe recognised for the purpose by the University Court. Thecandidate must have received instruction in each of the

following subjects of study, including such examinations asmay be prescribed in the various classes-viz. : Anatomy,Practical Anatomy, Chemistry, Materia Medica, Physiology,or Institutes of Medicine, Practice of Medicine, Surgery,Midwifery and the Diseases peculiar to Women and Infants,Pathology, Practical Chemistry, Physics (including the

Dynamics of Solids, Liquids, and Gases, and the Rudi-ments of Sound, Heat, Light, and Electricity), ElementaryBjtany, Elementary Zoology, Practical Physiology, PracticalPathology, Forensic Medicine, and Public Health. Thecandidate must have attended for at least three years theMedical and Surgical Practice either of the Infirmary ofDundee or of a General Hospital elsewhere which accommo-dates not fewer than 80 patients and possesses a distinctstaff of physicians and surgeons and is recognised forthe purpose by the University Court. Additional subjectsof study are Practical Pharmacy, Mental Diseases, PracticalMidwifery, Vaccination, Children’s Diseases, Fevers,Ophthalmology, and Post-mortem Examinations.With respect to the places and institutions at which the

studies of the candidate may be prosecuted the followingregulations shall have effect :-1. Two of the five years ofmedical study must be spent in the University of St. Andrews.2. The remaining three years may be spent in any Universityof the United Kingdom or in any Indian, Colonial, or

Foreign University recognised for the purpose by the

University Court, or in such medical schools or under suchteachers as may be recognised for the purpose by theUniversity Court.Women shall be admitted to graduation in Medicine, sub-

ject to the provisions of Ordinance No. 18 [General No. 9-Regulations for the Graduation of Women and for their

Instruction in the Universities] : Provided always that everycandidate for graduation shall produce evidence of havingsatisfied the conditions herein laid down with respect to thePreliminary Examination, and shall be examined in all thesubjects necessary for graduation by the Examiners of theUniversity of St. Andrews. All the classes necessary for

graduation shall be taken in the University of St. Andrews,except in so far as instruction obtained elsewhere is allowedby the said Ordinance.

Professional Examinations for the Degrees of Backelor ofMedioine and Bachelor of Surgery.-Each candidate shall beexamined both in writing and orally, and also clinicallywhere the nature of the subject admits, in the followingdivisions-viz., first, in Botany, Zoology, Physics, and

Chemistry ; second, in Anatomy, Physiology, and MateriaMedica ; third, in Pathology, and Forensic Medicine andPublic Health ; and fourth, in Surgery and CLinicalSurgery, Practice of Medicine and Clinical Medicine, andMidwifery and Gynaecology.The fee to be paid for the degrees of Bachelor of Medicine

and Bachelor of Surgery shall be 22 guineas and the pro-portion of this sum to be paid by a candidate at each divisionof the examination shall be regulated from time to time bythe University Court. The fee to be paid for the degree ofDoctor of Medicine shall be 10 guineas, exclusive of anystamp duty which for the time may be demanded. The feeto be paid for the degree of Master of Surgery shall be10 guineas.The whole medical curriculum can be taken in University

College or the first two years in United College.Bursarries, United College, St. A n-4re7vs. -Fourteen Taylour

Thomson Bursaries for female Medical students of theannual value of from 20 to Z30 each, tenable for one ortwo years. The Bursaries are awarded in the order of merit,the most valuable ones being given to those students whoobtain the highest marks in the Preliminary Examinationand who are prepared to take two Anni Medici at the UnitedCollege, St. Andrews.

Uaiversity College, Dundee.-(a) Open to either sex.

Eleven Entrance Bllrs:tries of R15, tenable for one year.(b) Open to either sex: Four .60 and three <615, secondyear. (e) Four .620 and two ;&15, third year. (d) TwoR20, fourth year. (e) Two 20, fifth year. (f) Bute Bursary,founded in 1893 by the late Most Honourable the Marquisof Bute, K.T. This Bursary consists of the free proceedsof .61000. (g) Two Bursaries of the annual value of R25,tenable for three years at either University College, Dundee,or at any Scottish University (local candidates only).Professors-Natural Philosophy : William Paddie, D.Sc.,

F.R.S.E Chemistry : (vacant). Natural History (BoydBaxter’s) : D’Arcy W. Thompson, M.A., C B. Botany(White’s): Patrick Geddes, F.R.S.E. Anatomy (Cox’s):J. Yule Mickay, M.D., LL.D. Physiology: E. W. Reid,B.A., D.Sc., M.B, M R.0 S , F.R.S. Pathology : L. R.Sutherland, M.B., C.M. Surgery: D. MacEwan, M.D.Medicine: Alexander M. Stalker, MA., M.D. Midwifery :J. A. C. Kynoch, M.B., F.R C.P.Eiin. Materia Meiica:C. R. Marshall, M.A , M.D.

Uaite&agrave; College of St. 6zlvcctor ani St. Lsonzrd.-Profes-sors-Natural Philosophy: A. S. Butler, M.A. NaturalHistory : W C. MacIntosh, M.D., LL.D., F.R.S. Chemistry:Thomas Purdie, B.Sc., Ph.D., LL.D., F.R.S. AnatomyJames Musgrove, M.D., C.M. Physiology: (vacant)For further particulars apply to the Dean of the Medical

Faculty, University College, Dundee.

UNIVERSITY OF DUBLIN (TRINITY COLLEGE)..MCM..&mdash;All students in the School of Physic

intending to practise Physic must pass a matriculationexamination. This may be either the Public Entrance ofTrinity College and a Junior Freshman Term or a specialMedical Preliminary, or, for Extern Students, an examinationrecognised by the General Medical Council. No studentcan be admitted for the winter course after Nov. 25th.

Degrees in Medicine (M.B.), Surgery (B. Ok.), andMidrv ifery (B. A. 0.) . -Candidates for these degrees must beof B.A. standing and must be for at least five academicyears on the books of the Medical School, reckoned fromthe date of matriculation. The Arts course may be con-current with the medical course and the B.A. degree neednot be taken before the final medical examinations, butthe medical degrees are not conferred without the Artsdegree. The following courses must be attended :-(1)

617UNIVERSITY OF DUBLIN.-ROYAL UNIVERSITY OF IRELAND.

Lectures-Systematic, Descriptive and Applied Anatomy,Chemistry and Practical Chemistry, Surgery and Opera-tive Surgery, Histology, Botany, Zoology, Physics, Phy-siology and Practical Physiology, Practice of Medicine,Midwifery, Pathology, Materia Medica and Therapeutics,Medical Jurisprudence and Hygiene ; (2) three courses ofnine months’ attendance on the Clinical Lectures ofSiz Patrick Dun’s or other recognised Dublin Hospital(two years at a recognised London or Edinburgh hospitalbefore the commencement of the’ Dublin curriculum may becounted as one year spent in such Dublin hospital) ; (3)Practical Vaccination, one month’s instruction ; (4) MentalDisease, three months ; (5) Practical Midwifery with ClinicalLectures, including not less than 30 cases, six months ;(6) Ophthalmic Surgery, three months. Three groups ofexaminations have to be passed. Preliminary ScientificExamination, including Physics and Chemistry, Botanyand Zoology. The Intermediate Medical Part I., includingAnatomy and Institutes of Medicine (Practical Histologyand Physiology). The Intermediate Medical Part II.,including Applied Anatomy and Applied Physiology ; andthe Final Examination, which is divided into Patt I., MateriaMedica, Jurisprudence, and Pathology ; and Part II.,Medicine, Surgery, Midwifery, Gyn&aelig;cology, ClinicalMedicine, Mental Diseases, Clinical Surgery, Opera-tions, and Clinical Ophthalmology. Part I. may be

passed in the fourth year and Part II. in the fifth year.Fee for the Liceat ad Examinandum, &pound;10. Fee for the

degrees, &pound;17.Doctor in Medicine.-A Doctor in Medicine must have

passed all the qualifying examinations and must be a B.A.of three years’ standing. He must also read a thesis beforethe Regius Professor of Physic. Total amount of fees forthis degree, &pound;13.Master in Surgery.-A Master in Surgery must be a

Bachelor in Surgery of the University of Dublin of not I,less than three years’ standing, and must produce satis-factory evidence of having been engaged for not less thantwo years from the date of his registration in the study, orstudy and practice, of his profession. He must then passan examination in the following subjects :-1. ClinicalSurgery. 2. Operative Surgery. 3. Surgical Pathology.4. Surgery. 5. Surgical Anatomy (on the dead subject),and one of the following optional subjects :-1. Surgery inone of the following branches-viz., Ophthalmic and Aural,Gynaecological and Dental. 2. Mental Disease. 3. MedicalJurisprudence and Hygiene. 4. Advanced Anatomy andPhysiology. 5. Comparative Anatomy. Fee for the degreeof Master in Surgery, &pound;11.Master in Obstetric Science.-A Master in Obstetric

Science must be fully qualified and produce a certificateof having attended a summer course in ObstetricMedicine and Surgery. He is then required to pass anexamination in the following subjects, :-1. Practice of

Midwifery. 2. Gyn&aelig;cology. 3. Anatomy of Female Pelvisand Elementary Embryology. 4. Clinical Gynaecology. Feefor the degree of Master in Obstetric Science, ;E5.

University Diplomas.-Candidates for the diplomas in

Medicine, Surgery, or Obstetric Science must be matricu-lated in Medicine and must have completed two years inArts and five years in Medical Studies. The Course andExamination necessary for the diplomas are the same as forthe degrees. A diploma in Medicine, Surgery, and Midwiferyis a registrable qualification conferred upon candidateswho have completed a full five years’ course in Medicineand two years in Arts. The diploma, like the degree,qualifies for registration. A diplomate, on completing hiscourse in Arts and proceeding to the degree of B.A., maybecome a Bachelor by paying the degree fees. Fee forthe Liceat ad Examinandum, &pound;10. Fee for the diplomas inMedicine, Surgery, and Midwifery, &pound;11.Professors and Lecturers.-Natural Philosophy: F. Purser,

M.A. Anatomy and Surgery: A. F. Dixon, D.Sc., M.B.University Anatomist: Sir C. B. Ball, M.D., M.Ch. Physic(Regius): James Little, M.D. Surgery (Regius) : Sir C. B.Ball, M.Ch. Surgery: E. H. Taylor, M.D. Botany: H. H.Dixon, D.Sc. Physics : W. E. Thrift, F.T.C.D. Pathology:A. C. O’Sullivan, M.D., F.T.C.D. Institutes of Medicine:W. H. Thompson, M.D., D.Sc. Medicine: J. Magee Finny,M.D. Materia Medica: W. G. Smith, M.D. Midwifery:Sir A. V. Macan, M.B. Jurisprudence and Hygiene:H. T. Bewley, M.D. Chemistry: Sidney Young, D.Sc.Comparative Anatomy and Zoology: H. W. Mackintosh,M.A.

ROYAL UNIVERSITY OF IRELAND.

The position of this University is only temporary if theIrish Universities Bill becomes Jaw. We, however, give theexisting regulations.

. Candidates for any degree in this University must havepassed either the Matriculation Examination or the SeniorGrade Examination of the Board of Intermediate Educationior Ireland in the subjects prescribed for the MatriculationExamination of this University. Candidates can only claimexemption from the Matriculation Examination of this Uni-versity by applying for such exemption in the same yearin which they shall have passed aforesaid examination.Students from other universities and colleges are included inthis rule.The following degrees, &c., are conferred by the University

in this Faculty :-Bachelor of Medicine, Doctor of Medi-cine, Bachelor of Surgery, Master of Surgery, Bachelorof Obstetrics and Master of Obstetrics ; in SanitaryScience, a special diploma; and in Mental Disease, a

special diploma.The course for degrees in Medicine, &c., is of at least five

years’ duration.The First Examination in Medicine. - Students may

be admitted to this examination after the lapse of oneacademical year from the time of their matriculation.They must also have previously passed the First UniversityExamination and completed the first year of the medicalcurriculum. The subjects of this examination are Natural

Philosophy, Systematic Chemistry, Zoology and Botany.The examination in each subject will comprise two

parts :-(1) a written examination and (2) a practicalexamination. Particular weight will be given to the

practical part of the examination. Candidates at theFirst Examination in Medicine who at the First Uni-

versity Examination did not obtain 30 per cent. of themarks assigned to French or German will be required topresent themselves for a qualifying examination in Frenchor German. Failure to obtain 30 per cent. of the marks

assigned to either of those languages will involve the lossof the examination.

The Second Examination in Medicine.-Students will beadmitted to this examination after the lapse of one medicalyear from the time of passing the First Examination inMedicine, provided they have completed the second year ofthe medical curriculum. The subjects for this examinationare Anatomy, Physiology, and Practical Chemistry.

The Third Examination in Medicine.-Students will beadmitted to this examination after the lapse of one medicalyear from the time of passing the Second Examinationin Medicine, provided they have completed the third

year of the medical curriculum. The subjects for thisexamination will be Anatomy, Physiology, and MateriaMedica (Pharmacology and Therapeutics).

The Examination for the Medical Degrees.-Students willbe admitted to this examination after the lapse of notless than one medical year from- the time of passing theThird Examination in Medicine, provided they have com-pleted the course of medical studies prescribed for theentire medical curriculum. The examination consists ofthree parts or divisions :-(a) Medicine, including Thera-

peutics and Pathology, Mental Diseases, Medical Juris-

prudence and Sanitary Science. (b) Surgery, Theoretical,Clinical, Operative ; Surgical Anatomy, with Ophthalmo-logy and Otology; Surgical Pathology. (e) Midwifery andDiseases of Women and Children. Each part of thisexamination must be passed as a whole. Upon completingsatisfactorily his examination in all three divisions thecandidate will, in addition to the parchment diplomasrecording his admission to the Medical Degrees of M.B.,B.Ch., and B.A.O., receive a certificate of having passed aqualifying examination in the subjects of Medicine, Surgery,and Midwifery. The fee for this certificate is &pound;10, whichmust be paid prior to the candidate’s admission to theseDegrees.

The M.D. Degree.-Candidates may present themselves forthe examination for this degree after the lapse of threeacademical years from the time of obtaining the degrees ofM.B., B.Ch., B.A.O. They must at the same time producea certificate of having been, for at least two academical

years, engaged in hospital or private, medical, surgical, orobstetrical practice, or in the military or naval medicalservice. Every candidate will be examined at the bedside,and required to diagnose at least three medical cases, and

618 EXAMINING BOARD BY ROYAL COLLEGES OF PHYSICIANS & SURGEONS.

prescribe treatment, and to write detailed reports on atleast two cases to be selected by the examiners and todiscuss the questions arising thereon.

The M. Ch. Degree. -This degree will be conferred only ongraduates in Medicine of the University of at least three

years’ standing. They must at the same time produce acertificate of having been, for at least two academical years,engaged in hospital or private, medical, surgical, or

obstetrical practice, or in the military or naval medicalservice. The examination for this degree will com-

prise Surgical Diseases and Surgery, both theoreticaland operative ; Surgical Anatomy ; Ophthalmology and

Otology; Surgical Pathology; and will include-(a) a

written examination ; (b) a clinical examination ; (e) anexamination on Surgical Instruments and Appliances ; and(d) an examination in Operative Surgery.

The M.A, O. Degree.-This degree will be conferredonly on graduates in Medicine of the University of atleast three years’ standing. They must at the same

time produce a certificate of having been, for at leasttwo academical years, engaged in hospital or private,medical, surgical, or obstetrical practice, or in the mili-

tary or naval medical service. The examination will

- comprise the Theory and Practice of Midwifery and ofDiseases of Women and Children, Pathology, and the Use ofInstruments and Appliances and will include-(a) a writtenexamination ; (b) a clinical examination so far as practicable ;and (0) an oral examination, with practical illustrations.

UNIVERSITY OF WALES.This University has now the privilege of granting degrees

in Medicine and Diplomas in Public Health. At the threeconstituent Colleges of Aberystwyth, Bangor, and Cardiffthere are Professors of Chemistry, Botany, Zoology, andPhysics, so that the students of the University can obtainproper instruction in the ancillary subjects. The foundationof a Medical Faculty has been laid at University College,Cardiff, where there is a recognised school of medicine.

University College, Cardiff : School of Medicine.-Allclasses are open to both men and women students who

may spend three out of their five years of medical studyat Cardiff. The courses of study are recognised as qualify-ing for the Preliminary Scientific and Intermediate Examina-tion in Medicine in the University of London and forthe corresponding examinations in the other Universities.Students who are preparing for these examinations maycompound for their courses by paying a fee of &pound;57 10s.,while a composition fee of &pound;41 10s. includes all the necessarycourses for the first and second examinations for the

Diploma of the Conjoint Board. In all cases the com-

position fees may be paid by instalments. Hospitalinstruction is given at the Cardiff Infirmary. The attentionof students about to matriculate is drawn to the numerousentrance scholarships and exhibitions, varying in value from10 to &pound;30 per annum, offered for competition at UniversityCollege, Cardiff, in September next, most of which maybe held by medical students. Full particulars of theexamination for these may be obtained by application to theRegistrar. In the department of Public Health establishedin 1899 instruction is given qualifying for the D.P.H.examinations. Further information may be obtained fromthe Dean of the Faculty of Medicine.

Lecturers.-Physics Professor A. L. Selby. Chemistry :Professor C. M. Thompson. Zoology: Professor W. N. Parker.Botany: Professor A. H. Trow. Anatomy: Professor DavidHepburn. Physiology: Professor J. B. Haycraft. MateriaMedica and Therapeutics: Dr. W. Mitchell Stevens.Bacteriology: Mr. H. A. Scholberg. Hygienic Chemistry :Mr. Sugden. Public Health and Hygiene: Dr. E. Walfordand Dr. W. Williams. Midwifery (for Midwives) : Dr. E. J.

IMaclean.

EXAMINING BOARD IN ENGLAND BY THE ROYALCOLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS OF LONDON AND THE

ROYAL COLLEGE OF SURGEONS OF ENGLAND.4

Any candidate who desires to obtain both the Licence of,the Royal College of Physicians of London and the diplomaof Member of the Royal College of Surgeons of England isrequired to complete five years of professional study at

4 The diploma of Member of the Royal College of Surgeons ofEngland and the Licence of the Royal College of Physicians of Londonare no longer granted separately except to students who commencedtheir professional study prior to Oct. 1st, 1884.

recognised Medical Schools and Hospitals and to complywith the following regulations and to pass the examinationshereinafter set forth. Six months of the curriculum maybe spent in an Institution recognised by the Board for in-struction in Chemistry, Physics, Practical Chemistry, andBiology.

ProfessionalExaminations.-There are three Examinations,called herein the First Examination, the Second Examina-tion, and the Third or Final Examination, each being partlywritten, partly oral, and partly practical. These examina-tions will be held in the months of January, April, July, andOctober, unless otherwise appointed. Every candidate in-tending to present himself for examination is required togive notice in writing to Mr. F. G. Hallett, secretary of theExamining Board, Examination Hall, Victoria Embankment,W.C., 14 clear days before the day on which the examinationcommences, transmitting at the same time the requiredcertificates.The subjects of the First Examination are-Chemistry,

Physics, Elementary Biology, and Practical Pharmacy. Acandidate may take this examination in three parts atdifferent times (Chemistry and Physics must be taken

together until the required standard is reached in both or inone of these subjects, but a candidate will not be allowed topass in one without obtaining at the same time at leasthalf the number of marks required to pass in the

other). A candidate will be admitted to examina-tion in Chemistry and Physics, in Practical Pharmacy, andElementary Biology on producing evidence of having passedthe required Preliminary Examination and of having re-

ceived instruction in these subjects at a recognised institu-tion, or he may take Pharmacy at any time during thecurriculum. (Note: In the case of students who commencetheir professional studies after June lst, 1904, certificatesmust be produced of 180 hours’ instruction and laboratorywork in chemistry ; 120 hours’ instruction and laboratorywork in physics ; and 120 hours’ instruction and laboratorywork in biology. These courses need not be completedwithin one year, nor need they run concurrently, and theymay be commenced or attended before the candidate passesthe required preliminary examination in general education.)Synopses of the subjects of examination may be obtainedon application. A candidate rejected in one part or

more of the First Examination will not be admittedto re-examination until after the lapse of a period ofnot less than three months from the date of rejection,and he will be re-examined in the subject or subjectsin which he has been rejected. If referred in Chemistry,Physics, or Biology he must produce evidence of furtherinstruction at a recognised Institution. Any candi-date who shall produce satisfactory evidence of havingpassed an examination for a degree in Medicine on anyof the subjects of this examination conducted at a universityin the United Kingdom, in India, or in a British colony willbe exempt from examination in those subjects in which hehas passed.The fees for admission to the First Examination are as

follows: For the whole examination, 10 10s.; for re-

examination after rejection in Parts I. and II., &pound;3 3s.; andfor re-examination in each of the other parts, .E2 2s.The subjects of the Second Examination are Anatomy

and Physiology. Candidates will be required to pass inboth subjects at one and the same time. Candidates willbe admissible to the Second Examination on production ofthe required certificates of professional study. The study ofAnatomy and Physiology before passing in two of first threeparts of the First Professional Examination is not recognised.A candidate referred on the Second Examination will be

required, before being admitted to re-examination, to pro-duce a certificate that he has pursued, to the satisfaction ofhis teachers, in a recognised place of study, his Anatomicaland Physiological studies during a period of not lessthan three months subsequently to the date of his

’ reference.The fees for admission to the Second Examination are :

S10 10s. for the whole examination and Z6 6s. for re-

’ examination after rejection.,

The subjects of the 1hi’l’d or Final Examination are:

, Part I. Medicine, including Medical Anatomy, Pathology,; Practical Pharmacy, Therapeutics, Forensic Medicine,- and Public Health. Candidates who have passed in

Practical Pharmacy at the First Examination will not be

! re-examined in that subject at the Third Examination.Part II. Surgery, including Pathology, Surgical Anatomy,