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UNIVERSITY OF DURHAM

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394 evinced, the candidate who shall distinguish himself the in Medicine will receive £50 per annum for the next two years, with the style of University Scholar in Medicine. Under the same circumstances the candidate who shall dis- tinguish himself the most in Obstetric Medicine will receive per annum for the next two years, with the style of University Scholar in Obstetric Medicine. Under the same circumstances the candidate who shall distinguish himself the most in Forensic Medicine will receive £30 per anaum for the next two years, with the style of University Scholar in Forensic Medicine. Under the same circum- stances the first and second candidates in each of the pre- ding subjects will each receive a gold medal of the value of £5. Bachelor of Surgery.-The examination for the degree of Bachelor of Surgery takes place once in each year, and com- mences on the Tuesday following the fourth Monday in November. Candidates must produce certificates to the following effect :-1. Of having passed the Second Examina- for the degree of Bachelor of Medicine in this Univer- 2. Of having attended a course of instruction in Operative Surgery, and of having operated on the dead ect. Fe for this examination, £5. Any candidate who has passed the B.S. Examination may examined at the Honours Examination next following the B.S. Examination at which he has passed, for Honours in Surgery. The examination takes place on Tuesday in week following the Pas Examination, and is conducted means of printed papos. If in the opinion of the ex- sufficient merit be evinced, the candidate who shall distinguish himself the most will receive £50 per annum for the next two years, with the style of University Scholar in ’5.t1il’gery. Under the same circumstances, the first and second candidates will each receive a gold medal of the value of £5. Master in Surgery.-The examination for the degree of Master in Surgery takes place once in each year, and com- mences on the fourth Monday ’n November. Candidates must produce certificates to the following effect :—1. Of having taken -’he degree of Bachelor of Surgery in this University. 10 Of having attended, sub- sequently to having taken the degree of Bachelor of Surgery in this University : (a) To Clinical or Practical Surgery during two years in a hospital or medical institution reco- gnised by this University. (b) Or to Clinical or Practical Surgery during one year in a hospital or medical institution recognised by this University, and of having been engaged during three years in the practice of his profession. (c) Or 3-r having been engaged during five years in the practice of hi, profession, either before or after taking the degree of Bachelor of Surgery in this University. One year of attendance on Clinical or Practical Surgery, or two years of practice, will be dispensed with in the case of those candi- dates who at the B.S. Examination have been placed in the first division. 3. Of moral character, signed by two persons of respectability. Fee for this degree, £5. The examination j-2i conducted by means of printed papers and vivâ voce in- terrogation. Candidates will be examined in Logic and Psychology, and Surgery, and will not be approved unless they have hown a competent knowledge in both the subjects of examination. If sufficient merit be evinced, the candidate who shall distinguish himself the most in Surgery at this examination will receive a gold medal of the value of jE20. Doctor of Il2edicine.-The examination for this degree takes place once in each year, and commences on the fourth Monday in November. Candidates must produce certificates to the following eflect :-1. Of having passed the Examination for the degree of Bachelor of Medicine in this University. 2. Of having attended, subsequently to having taken the de- cree of Bachelor of Medicine in this University, (a) to Clinical or Practical Medicine during two years in a hospital or medical institution recognised by this University ; or (b) to (Jliuical or Practical Medicine during one year in a hospital or medical institution recognised by this University, and of having been engaged during three years in the prac- 10 Candidates who have obtained the degree of Bachelor of Medicine previously to 1866 will be admitted to the examination for the degree of Master in Surgery without having taken the degree of Bachelor of Surgery ; and in the case of such candidates the attendance on surgical practice required by Regulation 2 may commence from the date of the M.B., degree. tice of his profession. (c) Or of having been engaged during five years in the practice of his profession, either before or after taking the degree of Bachelor of Medicine in this Uni- versity. One year of attendance on Clinical or Practical Medicine or two years of practice will be dispensed with in the case of those candidates who at the M.B. Examination have been placed in the first division. 3. Of moral cha. racter, signed by two persons of respectability. Fee for this degree, X5. The examination is conducted by means of printed papers and vavâ voce interrogation. Candidates will be examined in Logic and Psychology, and Medicine, and will not be approved unless they have shown a competent knowledge in both the subjects of examination. If sufficient merit be evinced, the candidate who shall dis- tinguish himself the most in medicine at the examination for the M.D. degree will receive a gold medal of the value of ;f20. Public Health.-A Special Examination will be held once in every year in subjects relating to Public Health, to com- mence on the second Monday in December. Candidates must have passed the Second Examination for the B.M. degree in this University at least one year previously ; and must give notice of their intention to the Registrar, at least two calendar months before the commencement of the ex- amination. The fee for this exarnination is £5. Candidates will be examined in Chemistry, and Micropay, Meteorology, Geology, Physics and Sanitary Apparatus, Vital Statistics, Hygiene, and Sanitary Law. The examination will be both written and practical, and will extend over four days. Candidates will not be approved unless they have shown a competent knowledge in all the principal subjects of the examination. If sufficient merit be evinced the candidate who shall distinguish himself the most shall receive a gold medal of the value of £5. UNIVERSITY OF DURHAM. A certificate, two licences, and three degrees are con- ferred-viz., a certificate of proficiency in Sanitary Science, a licence in Medicine and a licence in Surgery ; and the de- grees of Bachelor in Medicine, Master in Surgery, and Doctor in Medicine. For the degree of Bachelor in Medicine there are two pro- fessional examinations ; the first being held twice yearly- viz., in October (in 1882 commencing on the 9[.h) and April (in 1883 commencing on the 23rd); the second twice yearly -viz., in December (in 1882 commencing on the 4th) and in June (in 1883 commencing on the 18th). The subjects for the first examination are-Anatomy, Physiology, Chemistry, and Botany. Candidates must pro- duce the following certificates :-(1) Of registration as a medical student. (2) Of having passed one of the following examinations in Arts : (a) the examination for graduation in Arts at one of the following universities—Oxford, Cam- bridge, Durham, Dublin, London, Queen’s (Ireland). Edin- burgh, Glasgow, St. Andrews, Aberdeen, Calcutta, Madras, Bombay, McGill College (Montreal), and Queen’s College (Kingston) ; or (b) the Preliminary or Extra-professional examination for graduation in medicine at one of the follow- ing universities-London, Edinburgh, Glasgow, St. Andrews, Aberdeen, and Queen’s (Ireland) ; or (c) the Preliminary Examination in Arts qualifying for the membership of the Royal College of Physicians of London or for the fellowship of the Royal College of Surgeons of England; or (d) the Preliminary Examination in Ai ts for the degrees in medicine of the University of Durham (in 1883 commencing on April 7th and September 18th). Candidates who, at the commencement of their professional education, passed the Arts examination for registration only, may pass in the extra subjects required for the M.B. Durham either before or after presenting themselves for the first examination for the degree, but must do so before presenting them- selves for the final examination. (3) Of attendance on two courses of Anatomy, on one of Physiology, on one of Theoretical and one of Practical Chemistry, and on one of Botany ; of twelve months’ dissection ; and of attend- ance on a course of Practical Physiology of not less than thirty lessons. The subjects for the Second Examination are Medicine, Surgery, and Public Health, Pathology, Materia Medica, Therapeutics, Midwifery, and Diseases of Women and Children, and Medical Jurisprudence. For it candidates must produce the following certificates—viz. (1), of being not less than twenty-one years of age ; (2) of good moral cha-
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evinced, the candidate who shall distinguish himself thein Medicine will receive £50 per annum for the next

two years, with the style of University Scholar in Medicine.Under the same circumstances the candidate who shall dis- tinguish himself the most in Obstetric Medicine will receive

per annum for the next two years, with the style ofUniversity Scholar in Obstetric Medicine. Under thesame circumstances the candidate who shall distinguishhimself the most in Forensic Medicine will receive £30 peranaum for the next two years, with the style of UniversityScholar in Forensic Medicine. Under the same circum-stances the first and second candidates in each of the pre-ding subjects will each receive a gold medal of the valueof £5.

Bachelor of Surgery.-The examination for the degree ofBachelor of Surgery takes place once in each year, and com-mences on the Tuesday following the fourth Monday inNovember. Candidates must produce certificates to thefollowing effect :-1. Of having passed the Second Examina-

for the degree of Bachelor of Medicine in this Univer-2. Of having attended a course of instruction in

Operative Surgery, and of having operated on the deadect. Fe for this examination, £5.Any candidate who has passed the B.S. Examination mayexamined at the Honours Examination next following

the B.S. Examination at which he has passed, for Honoursin Surgery. The examination takes place on Tuesday in

week following the Pas Examination, and is conductedmeans of printed papos. If in the opinion of the ex-

sufficient merit be evinced, the candidate who shalldistinguish himself the most will receive £50 per annum forthe next two years, with the style of University Scholar in’5.t1il’gery. Under the same circumstances, the first andsecond candidates will each receive a gold medal of thevalue of £5.Master in Surgery.-The examination for the degree of

Master in Surgery takes place once in each year, and com-mences on the fourth Monday ’n November.

Candidates must produce certificates to the followingeffect :—1. Of having taken -’he degree of Bachelor ofSurgery in this University. 10 Of having attended, sub-sequently to having taken the degree of Bachelor of Surgeryin this University : (a) To Clinical or Practical Surgeryduring two years in a hospital or medical institution reco-gnised by this University. (b) Or to Clinical or PracticalSurgery during one year in a hospital or medical institutionrecognised by this University, and of having been engagedduring three years in the practice of his profession. (c) Or3-r having been engaged during five years in the practice ofhi, profession, either before or after taking the degree ofBachelor of Surgery in this University. One year ofattendance on Clinical or Practical Surgery, or two years ofpractice, will be dispensed with in the case of those candi-dates who at the B.S. Examination have been placed in thefirst division. 3. Of moral character, signed by two personsof respectability. Fee for this degree, £5. The examinationj-2i conducted by means of printed papers and vivâ voce in-terrogation.Candidates will be examined in Logic and Psychology,

and Surgery, and will not be approved unless they havehown a competent knowledge in both the subjects ofexamination.

If sufficient merit be evinced, the candidate who shalldistinguish himself the most in Surgery at this examinationwill receive a gold medal of the value of jE20.Doctor of Il2edicine.-The examination for this degree

takes place once in each year, and commences on the fourthMonday in November.

Candidates must produce certificates to the followingeflect :-1. Of having passed the Examination for thedegree of Bachelor of Medicine in this University. 2. Ofhaving attended, subsequently to having taken the de-cree of Bachelor of Medicine in this University, (a) toClinical or Practical Medicine during two years in a hospitalor medical institution recognised by this University ; or

(b) to (Jliuical or Practical Medicine during one year in ahospital or medical institution recognised by this University,and of having been engaged during three years in the prac-

10 Candidates who have obtained the degree of Bachelor of Medicinepreviously to 1866 will be admitted to the examination for the degree ofMaster in Surgery without having taken the degree of Bachelor ofSurgery ; and in the case of such candidates the attendance on surgicalpractice required by Regulation 2 may commence from the date of theM.B., degree.

tice of his profession. (c) Or of having been engaged duringfive years in the practice of his profession, either before orafter taking the degree of Bachelor of Medicine in this Uni-versity. One year of attendance on Clinical or PracticalMedicine or two years of practice will be dispensed with inthe case of those candidates who at the M.B. Examinationhave been placed in the first division. 3. Of moral cha.racter, signed by two persons of respectability. Fee forthis degree, X5. The examination is conducted by meansof printed papers and vavâ voce interrogation.

Candidates will be examined in Logic and Psychology, andMedicine, and will not be approved unless they have showna competent knowledge in both the subjects of examination.If sufficient merit be evinced, the candidate who shall dis-tinguish himself the most in medicine at the examinationfor the M.D. degree will receive a gold medal of the valueof ;f20.Public Health.-A Special Examination will be held once

in every year in subjects relating to Public Health, to com-mence on the second Monday in December. Candidatesmust have passed the Second Examination for the B.M.degree in this University at least one year previously ; andmust give notice of their intention to the Registrar, at leasttwo calendar months before the commencement of the ex-amination. The fee for this exarnination is £5. Candidateswill be examined in Chemistry, and Micropay, Meteorology,Geology, Physics and Sanitary Apparatus, Vital Statistics,Hygiene, and Sanitary Law. The examination will be bothwritten and practical, and will extend over four days.Candidates will not be approved unless they have shown acompetent knowledge in all the principal subjects of theexamination. If sufficient merit be evinced the candidatewho shall distinguish himself the most shall receive a goldmedal of the value of £5.

UNIVERSITY OF DURHAM.

A certificate, two licences, and three degrees are con-

ferred-viz., a certificate of proficiency in Sanitary Science,a licence in Medicine and a licence in Surgery ; and the de-grees of Bachelor in Medicine, Master in Surgery, andDoctor in Medicine.For the degree of Bachelor in Medicine there are two pro-

fessional examinations ; the first being held twice yearly-viz., in October (in 1882 commencing on the 9[.h) and April(in 1883 commencing on the 23rd); the second twice yearly-viz., in December (in 1882 commencing on the 4th) and inJune (in 1883 commencing on the 18th).The subjects for the first examination are-Anatomy,

Physiology, Chemistry, and Botany. Candidates must pro-duce the following certificates :-(1) Of registration as amedical student. (2) Of having passed one of the followingexaminations in Arts : (a) the examination for graduationin Arts at one of the following universities—Oxford, Cam-bridge, Durham, Dublin, London, Queen’s (Ireland). Edin-burgh, Glasgow, St. Andrews, Aberdeen, Calcutta, Madras,Bombay, McGill College (Montreal), and Queen’s College(Kingston) ; or (b) the Preliminary or Extra-professionalexamination for graduation in medicine at one of the follow-ing universities-London, Edinburgh, Glasgow, St. Andrews,Aberdeen, and Queen’s (Ireland) ; or (c) the PreliminaryExamination in Arts qualifying for the membership of theRoyal College of Physicians of London or for the fellowshipof the Royal College of Surgeons of England; or (d) thePreliminary Examination in Ai ts for the degrees in medicineof the University of Durham (in 1883 commencing on

April 7th and September 18th). Candidates who, at thecommencement of their professional education, passed theArts examination for registration only, may pass in theextra subjects required for the M.B. Durham either beforeor after presenting themselves for the first examinationfor the degree, but must do so before presenting them-selves for the final examination. (3) Of attendance on twocourses of Anatomy, on one of Physiology, on one ofTheoretical and one of Practical Chemistry, and on oneof Botany ; of twelve months’ dissection ; and of attend-ance on a course of Practical Physiology of not less thanthirty lessons.The subjects for the Second Examination are Medicine,

Surgery, and Public Health, Pathology, Materia Medica,Therapeutics, Midwifery, and Diseases of Women andChildren, and Medical Jurisprudence. For it candidatesmust produce the following certificates—viz. (1), of being notless than twenty-one years of age ; (2) of good moral cha-

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racter ; and (3) of attendance on the remainder of the courseof medical and surgical study as prescribed by the RoyalCollege of Surgeons of England, together with the followingadditional subjects-viz., one course of lectures on Medicine,one on Therapeutics, one on Public Health, and one onBotany and on Medical Hospital Practice, with ClinicalLectures during one winter and one summer session. Theremust be proof that the whole course of professional studyhas occupied at least four years.N.B.-It is required that one of the four years of pro-

fessional education shall be spent in attendance at theCollege of Medicine, Newcastle-upon-Tyne. During theyear so spent the candidates must attend at least two coursesof lectures in the winter session and two in the summer

session, together with the class and test examinations heldin connexion with those classes, and must also attendhospital practice and clinical lectures at the infirmaryduring the same period. Candidates may fulfil this portionof the curriculum at any period before they present them-selves for the Final Examination for the degree. Theother three years of the curriculum may be spent eitherat Newcastle-upon-Tyne or at one or more of the schoolsrecognised by the licensing bodies named in Schedule A ofthe Medical Act, 1858. Candidates who are already quali-fied by other of the licensing bodies are required to attendfor one winter and one summer session at the College ofMedicine, Newcastle-upon-Tyne.For the Degree of Master in Surgery the candidate must

have passed the Examination for the Degree of Bachelor inMedicine and must have attended one course of lectures onOperative Surgery. Each candidate will have an addi-tional paper on Surgery, and will have to performoperations on the dead body, and to explain the use of in-struments.For the Degree of Doctor of Medicine candidates must be

not less then twenty-four ears of age, must have obtainedthe degree of M.B. at least two years previously, and in theinterim have been engaged in medical or surgical practice.Each candidate will be required to write an essay on somemedical subject selected by himself and approved by theProfessor of Medicine, and to pass an examination thereon,and must be prepared to answer questions on the othersubjects of his curriculum in so far as they are related tothe subject of his essay.Candidates for any of the above degrees must give at

least twenty-eight days’ notice to the Registrar of the College.The Degree of Doctor of Medicine, for Medical Prac- I

titioners of fifteen years standing, without resideraee.-Thereis a special Examination, under the following regulations :—

1. That the candidate shall be registered by the GeneralCouncil of Medical Education and Registration of theUnited Kingdom. 2. That the candidate shall have beenin the active practice of his profession for fifteen years asa qualified practitioner. 3. That the candidate shall notbe under forty years of age. 4. That the candidate shallproduce a certificate of moral character from three registeredmembers of the medical profession. 5. That if the candidateshall not have passed, previous to his Professional Examina-tion (in virtue of which he has been placed on the Register),an examination in Arts, he shall be required to pass anexamination in Classics and Mathematics. 6. That if thecandidate shall have passed, previous to his ProfessionalExamination (in virtue of which he has been placed on theRegister), a preliminary examination, he shall be requiredto translate into English passages of certain named Latinauthors. 7. That the candidate shall pass an examinationin the following subjects : a, Principles and Practice ofMedicine, including Psychological Medicine, and Hygiene ;b, Principles and Practice of Surgery; c, Midwifery andDiseases peculiar to Women and Children; d, Pathology,Medical and Surgical; e, Anatomy, Medical and Surgical;f, Medical Jurisprudence and Toxicology ; g, Therapeutics.8. That the fee shall be 50 guineas. 9. That if the can-didate shall fail to satisfy the examiners, the sum of20 guineas shall be retained; but that, if he shall againoffer himself for the examination, the sum of 40 guineasonly shall then be required.Examinations in accordance with the above regulations

will commence on Dec. 4th, 1882, and June 18th, 1883, inthe College of Medicine, Newcastle-on-Tyne. Gentlemenintending to offer themselves as candidates are requested toforward their names to Dr. Luke Armstrong, registrar ofthe University of Durham College of Medicine, Newcastle-on-Tyne, on or before Nov. 1st, 1882, or May lst, 1883,

together with the fee and the before- mentioned ficates.

Certificate of Proficiency in Sanitary Science.—Candidatesfor this certificate must be registered medical practitioand have attended one course of lectures on Public Health,at the College of Medicine, Newcastle-on-Tyne, extendingover one winter session. The examination will be bywritten papers, practical and vivc2 voce, and will commenceon October 9th, 1882, and on April 23rd, 1883. In tihspractical examination the candidate will be required:—Treport upon the condition of some actual locality, to analyseliquids and gases, to explain the construction and use ofinstruments employed in meteorology, and to make scopic examinations. The fee is i5 5s.Medical Officers of Health of five years’ standing,

were registered as qualified members of the professionbefore January lst, 1878, may obtain the certificate of pficiency in Sanitary Science under the following conditions —They must be registered medical practitioners, and be notunder thirty years of age ; they will be required to pa thesame examination as before mentioned, write an essay uponsome practical sanitary subject, and will be examined uponthe essay, and upon other sanitary questions. The &?is £10 10s. During the ensuing year two examinationswill be held, commencing the one on October 9th the other on April 23rd, 1883.

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH.

The session 1882-83 will be opened on October 24t&.Three medical degrees are conferred by the University of

Edinbugh-namely, Bachelor of Medicine (M.B.), Masterin Surgery (C.M.), and Doctor of Medicine (M.D.?. Thedegree of Master in Surgery is not conferred on any perwho does not also at the same time obtain the degree ofBachelor of Medicine. All candidates for these degremust give evidence of having obtained a satisfactory generaleducation.

1. The preliminary branches of extra-professional tion are English, Latin, Arithmetic, the Elements of Mathe-matics, and the Elements of Mechanics; and the profof students in these branches is ascertained by examinationprior to the commencement of their medical study.

2. No candidate is admitted to a professional examinationwho has not passed a satisfactory examination on as two of the following subjects (in addition to the subjecmentioned above) :-Greek, French, German, Higher Mathe-matics, Natural Philosophy, Logic, Moral Philosophy; the examination on these latter subjects also takes before the candidate has entered on his medical curriculum

3. A degree in Arts (not being an honorary degree in one of the universities of England, Scotland, or Ireland <in any foreign or colonial university specially recognised this purpose by the University Court, exempts from offpreliminary examination; and an examination in Arts any corporate body, whose examination has been recogniseas qualifying for entrance on medical study by resolution ofthe General Medical Council of the United Kingdomvided the said examination by the said corporate body shallalso be approved by the University Court, shall exempttanto from preliminary examination in Arts, on the subjcomprised in the examination of the said corporate body.

4. No one is admitted to the degree of Bachelor oC- cine or Master in Surgery who has not been engaged, us.medical and surgical study for four years&mdash;the medicalsession of each year, or annus medicu8, being constituted byat least two courses of not less than one hundred Lectureseach, or by one such course and two courses of not less: fifty lectures each ; with the exception of the clinical in which lectures are to be given at least twice during the prescribed periods.

5. Every candidate for the degrees of M.B. and must give sufficient evidence by certificates-(a) Til.a;);; has studied each of the following departments of medicalscience-namely, Anatomy, Chemistry, Materia MedicaInstitutes of Medicine or Physiology, Practice of MedSurgery, Midwifery and the Diseases peculiar to Woand Children, and General Pathology, each during including not le33 than one hundred lectures; Anatomy, a cou se of the ame duration as those of than one hundred lectures; Practical Chemistry, months; Practical Midwifery, three months at a midhospital, or a certificate of attendance on six cases from aregistered medical practitioner; Clinical Medicine, Cl


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