UNIX TERMINAL

Knoppix Linux

Knoppix v. 3.6

• Q: What exactly is Knoppix? • A: Knoppix is a bootable CD with a collection of

GNU/Linux software, automatic hardware detection, and support for many graphics cards, sound cards, SCSI and USB devices and other peripherals. Knoppix can be used as a Linux demo, educational CD, rescue system, or adapted and used as a platform for commercial software product demos. It is not necessary to install anything.

• Q: What are the minimum system requirements?

• A: Intel-compatible CPU (i486 or later), 16 MB of RAM for text mode, at least 96 MB for graphics mode with KDE (at least 128 MB of RAM is recommended to use the various office products), bootable CD-ROM drive, or a boot floppy and standard CD-ROM (IDE/ATAPI or SCSI), standard SVGA-compatible graphics card, serial or PS/2 standard mouse or IMPS/2-compatible USB-mouse.

• Q: Where did the name "Knoppix" come from?

• A: Knoppix's inventor, Klaus Knopper.

• Q: How is Knoppix started? • A: To start the CD, set up the BIOS of your

computer to boot off the CD, put the CD in the drive, and power up the computer. If your computer doesn't support this option, you have to use a boot disk. You can create this disk from the image in Knoppix/boot.img on the CD or order it using the web form. You can find additional information at this address regarding the Knoppix platform, or order a version specifically adapted for your project.

• Q: I have Microsoft Windows already, what should I do?

• A: You can still boot and run Knoppix even if you have windows installed. Knoppix will not interfere with your windows install, when you are finished with Knoppix you can just remove the cd and you're back to your old windows.

• Q: I have linux already, what should I do?

• A: You can still use Knoppix. Just remove the cd after use and you're back to your old linux.

• Q: What else is there to be aware of? • A: DISCLAIMER: THIS IS EXPERIMENTAL

SOFTWARE. USE AT YOUR OWN RISK. KNOPPER.NET CAN NOT BE HELD LIABLE UNDER ANY CIRCUMSTANCES FOR DAMAGE TO HARDWARE OR SOFTWARE, LOST DATA, OR OTHER DIRECT OR INDIRECT DAMAGE RESULTING FROM THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE. IN SOME COUNTRIES THE CRYPTOGRAPHIC SOFTWARE AND OTHER COMPONENTS ON THE CD ARE GOVERNED BY EXPORT REGULATIONS AND THUS MAY NOT BE FREELY COPIED IN THESE COUNTRIES AS IS OTHERWISE NORMAL FOR SOFTWARE UNDER THE GPL LICENSE. IF YOU DO NOT AGREE TO THESE CONDITIONS, YOU ARE NOT PERMITTED TO USE OR FURTHER DISTRIBUTE THIS SOFTWARE.

The terminal type

• Use set command to view the terminal type.

• TERM=vt100

Here TERM is an environment variable.

Another type: Local variable

stty command

• Command format:• stty –a {option} {metacharacterString <value>}

• Example: (in standard Unix system)\• stty -a• stty –a –echo – Don’t echo typed characters• stty –echo will do the same in our Linux bash shell

• stty supports the modification over more than 100 different settings.

File Editors – vi and emacs

• The two most popular UNIX text editors are vi and emacs.

• vi editor comes with every Unix/Linux and emacs doesn’t.

• Bill Joy of Sun Microsystems, Inc., developed the vi editor for BSD UNIX at University of California at Berkeley.

• Full name – visual editor

vi editor

• 1. Command Mode

• 2. Text Entry Mode

Text Entry Mode Commands

• I – Text is inserted at the beginning of the cursor

• i – Text is inserted in front of the cursor

• A – Text is added to the end of the line.

• a – Text is added after the cursor.

• o – Text is added after the current line.

• O – Text is added before the current line.

• R – Text is replaced (overwritten).

To switch between the two modes

• ESC and a legal option of the Text entry mode.

• d+w to delete a word

• :3 d – delete the line 3.

• *** Note the ‘ : ‘ in front of the command.

Other options in command mode

• 1, $ d – delete all of the lines in the file.

• 2. 1,. d – delete all of the lines from the start of the file to the current line, inclusive.

• .,$ d – delete all of the lines from the current line to the end of the file, inclusive.

Searching under vi editor

• Example:

• 1. Search forward from current positionfor string www -- /www/ <enter>

• 2. Search backward from current position for string linux -- ?linux?

• 3. Repeat last search -- n

• 4. Repeat last search in the opposite direction -- N

Saving and loading files

• 1. Save file as <name> :w <name> <enter>• 2. Save file with current name – w <enter>• 3. Save file with current name and exit— :wq

<enter> or ZZ (without :)• 4. Read in contents of another file at current

position -- :r <filename> <enter>• 5. Editor file <name> instead of current file -- :e

<filename> <enter>• 6. Save only certain lines to another file

-- :<range> w <name> <enter>