UNOCI, Cote d'Ivoire.pptx

8/11/2019 UNOCI, Cote d'Ivoire.pptx

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What is Peacekeeping?

A peacekeeping operation consists of military,

police and civilian personnel, who work to deliver security, political and early

peacebuilding support.

A peacekeeping operation is led by the Department of Peacekeeping

Operations (DPKO), and works to create the conditions for lasting peace in a

country torn by conflict.


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Having determined that the situation in

Cte d'Ivoire constituted a threat tointernational peace and security in the

region, the Security Council set up, on 13

May 2003, a political mission - MINUCI -

to facilitate the implementation by the

Ivorian parties of an agreement signed by

them (the Linas-Marcoussis Agreement)

and to complement the operations of the

peacekeeping force of the Economic

Community of West African States and

French troops.

On 4 April 2004, MINUCI was replaced bya UN peacekeeping operation - the United

Nations Operation in Cte d'Ivoire

(UNOCI).


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The United Nations Operation in Cte d'Ivoire is a peacekeeping

mission whose objective is "to facilitate the implementation by the

Ivorian parties of the peace agreement signed by them in January 2003"(which aimed to end the Ivorian Civil War).

The two main Ivorian parties here are the Ivorian Government forces

who control the south of the country, and the New Forces (former

rebels), who control the north.

The UNOCI mission aims to control a "zone of confidence" across the

centre of the country separating the two parties.

The Head of Mission and Special Representative of the Secretary-

General is Bert Koenders from the Netherlands.


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The Mission's mandate includes:

Monitoring the ceasefire and movement of armed groups;

Facilitating free and transparent elections; Disarming, demobilizing, reintegrating, repatriating, and resettling

former combatants;

Protecting governmentministers and UN personnel; Facilitating access tohumanitarian assistance.


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Hystorical Background.

Cte dIvoire, a former French colony, had one of the most developed economies

in West Africa until late 1999, when a coup and subsequent failed elections lead thenation into civil war.

The beginning of 2003 saw the first attempt at reunification, when the countrys

opposing political factions signed the French-brokered Linas-Marcoussis Accord

(LMA), agreeing to a power-sharing government which included the rebel group New

Forces.

On July 4, 2003, the government and New Forces signed an "End of the War"

declaration that recognized President Gbagbo's authority and vowed to work for the

implementation of the LMA and a program of demobilization, disarmament, and

reintegration (DDR).


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But in February 2010, violent protests erupted again,when President Gbabgo announced that he had dissolved

both the government and the Independent Electoral

Commission.

On December 11, 2011, with little violence or disruption,

the nation successfully completed parliamentary elections,

in which Alassane OuattarasRepublican Party maintained a

majority coalition.

Cte d'Ivoire remains in a fragile state as President

Ouattara consolidates power over a country that is still

deeply divided.


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On June 8 UN peacekeepers were attacked by unidentified armed

militia elements, killing 7 peacekeepers and 8 civilians. This violence

prompted thousands of Ivoirians to flee from the area, and many into

Liberia.U.N. Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon told reporters in New York

that he was "saddened and outraged" by the attack. "I understand that

their colleagues are still in danger. Even tonight, after the attack, more

than 40 peacekeepers remain with the villagers in this remote region to

protect them from this armed group," he said.

In response to the attacks, UNOCI and UNMIL met on June 14th to

coordinate a quadripartite meeting with Liberian and Ivoirian

authorities. The parties agreed to cooperate in implementing

measures to address the fragile situation, such as increasing air andfoot patrols along the borders.


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Casualties.

A total of 72 UN personnel have died during UNOCI, including 54

UN peacekeeping troops (this may vary because UNOCI is still an

ongoing peacekeeping mission).On 8 June 2012, seven Niger soldiers, eight locals and one or two

Ivorian soldiers were killed in an attack near the village of Ta in the

southwestern region of the country.

As a result of the attack, thousands of villagers fled from the area.

The deaths were suspected to have occurred as a result of a border-

crossing ambush by a Liberian militia.


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UNOCI Facts and Figures(28 February 2014)

7,137 total uniformed personnel,

including

6,945 troops and staff officers;

192 military observers;

1,555 police officers and

8 customs officers.

Country contributors:

Bangladesh, Benin, Bolivia, Brazil, Chad, China, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Ethiopia, France, Gambia,Ghana, Guatemala, Guinea, India, Ireland, Jordan, Malawi, Morocco, Namibia, Nepal, Niger, Nigeria,

Pakistan, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Republic of Korea, Republic of Moldova, Romania, Russian

Federation, Senegal, Serbia, Spain, Togo, Tunisia, Uganda, Ukraine, United Republic of Tanzania, Uruguay,

Yemen, Zambia and Zimbabwe.


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Fatalities81 troops

17 police

2 military observer6 international civilian

12 local civilian

_______

118 total


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ONGOING CHALLENGES.

Human Rights.As Cote dIvoire embarks on a national process of

reconciliation, human rights violations remain a pressing concern.In 2012, UNOCI reported:

- 57 killings;

- 72 incidents of torture or ill treatment;

- 382 cases of illegal arrests;

The National Commission of Inquiry, which was established by the

UN Human Rights Council, released its report on violations of human

rights following the 2010 elections.According to the report, 3248

people were killed in the wake of the elections.


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Border Security.Attacks along Cte dIvoires borders have been a recurrent

problem in the aftermath of the 2010 elections. In June 2012, seven UNOCI

peacekeepers and 27 civilians were killed in Western Cte dIvoire, close to theborder with Liberia. Another attack occurred in August 2012, leaving one assailant

dead and three government soldiers wounded.

To handle ongoing unrest,

UNOCI and the United Nations Mission

in Liberia (UNMIL) coordinated a

four-party meeting between Liberian

and Ivoirian representatives.

The parties agreed to cooperate in

enforcing their borders and in the

judicial procedure for handling

combatants and refugees.


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Increasing Food and Cocoa Prices.

Due to instability in Cte

dIvoire, the worlds largest supplier

of cocoa, international cocoa prices

have risen to 34 year highs.

This, combined with a tripling in

local food prices, has had a strongly

negative effect on Ivoirians ability

to feed themselves.


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Sexual and gender-based violence.

Sexual violence remains pervasive throughout the country. Theissue is particularly acute in the far west of Cte d'Ivoire, where

armed men sexually assault women and girls in their homes, as they

tend to their fields, and when they walk to or from the market.

Victims are typically attacked during a robbery and attacks are

especially common during the cocoa harvest and on market days.

Victims' access to health and legal services remains extremely limited.


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The UN Refugee Agency will maintain its current partnerships

with the Government of Cte d'Ivoire, UN agencies and national and

international NGOs.The organization will continue to participate in inter-agency

coordination processes, such as the United Nations Development

Action Framework, which includes the participation of humanitarian

actors as well as key ministries.


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This committee has takenover the role of the clusters in

the country, including the

protection cluster.

The clusters were phased

out at the end of 2012, with

the Government resuming

responsibility for humanitarian

and development matters.


18/18By Cotelea Tatiana gr 203

Building Peace Through

The United Nations.

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