Update on Current Research Agenda

Jim Demmel, Chief ScientistEECS and Math Depts.

www.citris.berkeley.edu

UC Santa CruzUC Santa Cruz

OutlineOutline Big VisionBig Vision A few recent highlightsA few recent highlights Tying it togetherTying it together

ApplicationsApplications

The CITRIS ModelThe CITRIS Model

Core Core TechnologiesTechnologies

FoundationsFoundations• ReliabilityReliability• AvailabilityAvailability• SecuritySecurity• AlgorithmsAlgorithms• Social, policy issuesSocial, policy issues

• Distributed Info SystemsDistributed Info Systems• Micro sensors/actuatorsMicro sensors/actuators• Human-Comp InteractionHuman-Comp Interaction

• DisasterDisaster• EnergyEnergy• EducationEducation

Societal-Scale Information SystemsSocietal-Scale Information Systems(SIS)(SIS)

•TransportationTransportation• HealthHealth• EnvironmentEnvironment

Societal-Scale Systems

“Client”

“Server”

Clusters

Massive Cluster

Gigabit Ethernet

Secure, non-stop utilityDiverse componentsAdapts to interfaces/usersAlways connected

MEMSSensors

Scalable, Reliable,Secure Services

InformationAppliances

OutlineOutline Big VisionBig Vision A few recent highlightsA few recent highlights

Sensor Nets (Culler)Sensor Nets (Culler) Disaster ResponseDisaster Response Energy EfficiencyEnergy Efficiency

Tying it togetherTying it together

February 2000February 2001

February 2002August 2001

Ad-hoc sensor networks workAd-hoc sensor networks work 29 Palms Marine Base, March 200129 Palms Marine Base, March 2001

10 Motes dropped from an airplane 10 Motes dropped from an airplane landed, formed a wireless network, landed, formed a wireless network, detected passing vehicles, and detected passing vehicles, and radioed information backradioed information back

Intel Developers Forum, Aug 2001Intel Developers Forum, Aug 2001 800 Motes running TinyOS hidden in 800 Motes running TinyOS hidden in

auditorium seats started up and auditorium seats started up and formed a wireless network as formed a wireless network as participants passed them aroundparticipants passed them around

tinyostinyos.millennium..millennium.berkeleyberkeley..eduedu

Smart Dust Goes NationalSmart Dust Goes National Selected as DARPA networked embedded system tech Selected as DARPA networked embedded system tech

open platform (NEST)open platform (NEST) 1000s of Motes used or shipped to other groups1000s of Motes used or shipped to other groups

Academia: UCSD, UCLA, USC, MIT, Rutgers, Academia: UCSD, UCLA, USC, MIT, Rutgers, Dartmouth, U. Illinois UC, NCSA, U. Virginia, U. Dartmouth, U. Illinois UC, NCSA, U. Virginia, U. Washington, Ohio StateWashington, Ohio State

Industry: Intel, Crossbow, Bosch, Accenture, Mitre, Industry: Intel, Crossbow, Bosch, Accenture, Mitre, Xerox PARC, KestrelXerox PARC, Kestrel

Government: Wright Patterson AFB, NCSC Government: Wright Patterson AFB, NCSC Ongoing training coursesOngoing training courses

OutlineOutline Big VisionBig Vision A few recent highlightsA few recent highlights

Sensor NetsSensor Nets Disaster Response (Fenves)Disaster Response (Fenves) Energy EfficiencyEnergy Efficiency

Tying it togetherTying it together

What is Disaster Response?What is Disaster Response?• Sensors for motion, occupancy, dangerous conditions and substancesSensors for motion, occupancy, dangerous conditions and substances• Guide occupants, emergency personnel, assess safetyGuide occupants, emergency personnel, assess safety

Seismic Monitoring of BuildingsSeismic Monitoring of Buildings

• Part of the CUREe-Caltech

Tuck-Under Parking Apartment

Building Experiment

• Many such buildings severely

damaged in 1994 Northridge

Earthquake.

• Dynamic experimental evaluation

of a full-scale structure on the

Richmond Field Station shake

table.

Seismic Monitoring of BuildingsSeismic Monitoring of BuildingsBefore CITRISBefore CITRIS

$8,000 each$8,000 each

Seismic Monitoring of Buildings: Seismic Monitoring of Buildings: With CITRIS Wireless MotesWith CITRIS Wireless Motes

$70 each$70 each

Tokachi Port, HokkaidoTokachi Port, HokkaidoBlast-induced Liquefaction Test

ours

ours

theirs

theirs

theirs

Post-Blast Liquefaction

A commercial productA commercial product

Crossbow CN4000 Wireless Structural Monitoring Crossbow CN4000 Wireless Structural Monitoring SystemSystem

3D Accelerometer3D Accelerometer 12 bits of resolution, up to 2G12 bits of resolution, up to 2G

TemperatureTemperature -40-40oo C to +85 C to +85oo C, to within C, to within 22oo C C

Wireless communicationWireless communication 1 mile line-of-site range1 mile line-of-site range

www.www.xbowxbow.com.com

OutlineOutline Big VisionBig Vision A few recent highlightsA few recent highlights

Sensor NetsSensor Nets Disaster ResponseDisaster Response Energy Efficiency (Arens)Energy Efficiency (Arens)

Tying it togetherTying it together

The Inelasticity of California’s Electrical Supply The Inelasticity of California’s Electrical Supply

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

20000 25000 30000 35000 40000 45000MW

$/MWh

Power-exchange market price for electricity versus load(California, Summer 2000)

How to Address the Inelasticity of the SupplyHow to Address the Inelasticity of the Supply

Reduce demand, or spread demand over time Reduce demand, or spread demand over time Make cost of energyMake cost of energy

visible to end-user function of load curve

““Real-time pricing” Real-time pricing” Phase 1: Expose energy usage to user; helps eliminate waste Phase 2: Expose real-time prices to user Phase 3: Automatic control to optimize price, safety, user comfort,

other economic goals

Improve efficiency of generation and distribution Improve efficiency of generation and distribution network (supply side)network (supply side)

Enabled by Information!

Cory Hall Energy Monitoring NetworkCory Hall Energy Monitoring Network

50 nodes on 450 nodes on 4thth floor floor30 sec sampling30 sec sampling250K samples to database over 6 weeks250K samples to database over 6 weeksMoved to Intel Berkeley Lab – come play!Moved to Intel Berkeley Lab – come play!

OutlineOutline Big VisionBig Vision A few recent highlightsA few recent highlights Tying it togetherTying it together

Shared System GoalsShared System Goals Shared TestbedsShared Testbeds Shared Funding Sources Shared Funding Sources Engineering SupportEngineering Support

A shared system goal – A Smart BuildingA shared system goal – A Smart Building

Normal OperationNormal Operation PowerPower HVACHVAC DataData ComputingComputing CommunicationCommunication Information servicesInformation services With securityWith security ReliableReliable Subject to legal mandatesSubject to legal mandates Easy to useEasy to use

Design a new building or retrofit an old one so Design a new building or retrofit an old one so you get the services you want at a price you can payyou get the services you want at a price you can pay

Researchers (not all listed!)Researchers (not all listed!) Oren, Arens, Auslander, Goldberg, Pister, SastryOren, Arens, Auslander, Goldberg, Pister, Sastry Arens, Selkowitz, Auslander, Agogino, RabaeyArens, Selkowitz, Auslander, Agogino, Rabaey Patterson, Kubi, Franklin, Hellerstein, YelickPatterson, Kubi, Franklin, Hellerstein, Yelick Culler, BrewerCuller, Brewer Rabaey, Culler, Pister, YooRabaey, Culler, Pister, Yoo Katz, Joseph, StoicaKatz, Joseph, Stoica Tygar, WagnerTygar, Wagner Aiken, Necula, HenzingerAiken, Necula, Henzinger Samuelson, MulliganSamuelson, Mulligan Canny, Landay, MankoffCanny, Landay, Mankoff

Shared system goal – A Smart BuildingShared system goal – A Smart Building

Abnormal OperationAbnormal Operation Structural integrityStructural integrity FireFire Toxic substancesToxic substances Medical EmergencyMedical Emergency

ResearchersResearchers Fenves, GlaserFenves, Glaser Glaser, Sitar, Radke, Sengupta, White, LandayGlaser, Sitar, Radke, Sengupta, White, Landay LeeLee BudingerBudinger

Shared TestbedsShared Testbeds

Cory Sensor Net (past and future)Cory Sensor Net (past and future) Intel Lab Sensor NetIntel Lab Sensor Net Instrumented rooms at Center for the Built EnvironmentInstrumented rooms at Center for the Built Environment Instrumented rooms at LBNLInstrumented rooms at LBNL New CITRIS BuildingNew CITRIS Building New Merced BuildingsNew Merced Buildings

Shared Funding SourcesShared Funding Sources

CITRIS ITR from NSF ($7.5M)CITRIS ITR from NSF ($7.5M) California Energy Commission ($3M)California Energy Commission ($3M) DARPA NEST Grant ($2.5M)DARPA NEST Grant ($2.5M) Social Science Fellowships (CITRIS Operational Funds)Social Science Fellowships (CITRIS Operational Funds) SABER NSF ERC proposal ($17M - proposed)SABER NSF ERC proposal ($17M - proposed)