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Upgrading to the Power of OpenServer 6
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Agenda
Migrating from OSR5 Changes to be aware of Configuring the new features SCO Global Services
Migrating from OSR5
• Hardware configuration• User accounts• Mail• User and application data• Network configuration
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Migrating Hardware Configuration
The new SVR5 kernel should recognize and automatically configure all your hardware devices – you no longer need to manually configure hardware devices
Sound Cards: only Intel ICH4 and prior chipsets that comply with the
AC’97 standard are supported at this time – they will be detected and automatically configured at boot
Printers: use the Printer Manager to re-create your printer setup
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Migrating Hardware Configuration
Serial Cards: All supported serial cards are now auto-detected at boot, you no
longer need to add or configure them in the Serial Manager However, you must run the Serial Manager at least once to
create the devices nodes and configure the ports controlled by the serial cards before you can start using them
Serial cards with 3rd party drivers will need a new SVR5 driver
Modems: Configured as usual through the Modem Configuration
Manager PC Card (PCMCIA) modems must be configured using the DCU
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Migrating Hardware Configuration
Mass Storage Devices: should be auto-detected and configured at boot time – use
the DCU to configure HBAs that were not auto-detected use mkdev hd to view detected hard disks and configure
filesystems on them (or run fdisk and divvy manually) use mkdev cdrom to view detected CD-ROM drives use mkdev tape to view detected tape drives. Most tape
drives supported on OSR5 are also supported on OSR6 except some floppy-tape (QIC-80) devices
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Migrating Hardware Configuration – Device Nodes
In general OSR6 supports both OSR5-style and SVR5-style (UnixWare) device nodes
For hard disk nodes, a combination is used: Partitions are OSR5-style:
/dev/[r]hdXY X is the physical disk number/dev/dsk/XsY Y is the partition number
Divisions (slices) are SVR5-style:/dev/[r]dsk/cXbXtXdXsZ/dev/[r]dsk/cXbXtXdXpYsZ
X is the SCSI address as output by /etc/scsi/sdiconfig –lY is the partition numberZ is the division (slice) number
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Migrating User Accounts
Archive accounts and group membership on the OSR5 system:
ap –d -g –v > profile.acct
Restore the accounts on the OSR6 system. OSR5 and OSR6 treat long passwords differently, so there are two methods for restoring your account details:1. truncate the long passwords to 8 characters:
ap –r –f profile.acct
2. specify a new default password for all accounts with long passwords only:
ap –r –f profile.acct –p password
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Migrating Mail
User inboxes: copy /usr/spool/mail from OSR5 to /var/mail on the OSR6
system
MMDF configuration: copy only the following files from OSR5 to the OSR6 system:
/usr/mmdf/mmdtailor /usr/mmdf/table/*.chn /usr/mmdf/table/*.dom /usr/mmdf/table/alias.* /usr/spool/mmdf/lock/home/q.*
on the OSR6 system, enter the following commands: su mmdf cd /usr/mmdf/table ./dbmbuild exit
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Migrating Mail
SendMail configuration: merge the contents of the OSR5 configuration
files with the new OSR6 files, do not simply copy them:OSR5 OSR6
/usr/lib/sendmail.d/access /etc/mail/access
/usr/lib/sendmail.d/aliases /etc/mail/aliases
/usr/lib/sendmail.d/domains /etc/mail/domaintable
/usr/lib/sendmail.d/local-hosts-names
/etc/mail/local-hosts-names
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Migrating Mail
To preserve vacation notifications and custom forwarding, copy the following files from each user’s home directory MMDF:
~/.maildelivery~/.alter_egos~/tripnote~/triplog
SendMail:~/.forward~/.vacation.msg
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Migrating User Data
You can migrate your user data either via a backup tape or mounting the existing OSR5 disk on OSR6
Creating a backup tape is the recommended method because it allows you to restore to a VxFS filesystem and take advantage of large file support
Either use a 3rd party backup solution that is supported on both platforms (eg. BackupEdge or LoneTar) or use the cpio command
To restore an OSR5 cpio archive on OSR6: cpio –iAmudB –I<backup_device>
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Migrating User Data – Mount OSR5 disk
To mount an existing OSR5 disk (5.0.6 or 5.0.7 only), you must first install the wd Supplement on the OSR5 system
Connect the drive to the OSR6 system After booting, login as root and run the
command getlclfsdev to determine the /dev/dsk device nodes for the filesystems on the disk
Use the Filesystem Manager to mount the filesystems
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Migrating Networking
The loopback interface is no longer presented in the Network Configuration Manager
The “Add New WAN Connection” menu item has been removed from the Network Configuration Manager
SCO PPP is no longer supported, PPP is provided by Morning Star PPP
SLIP is no longer supported Netware and IPX/SPX are no longer supported
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Migrating Networking: TCP/IP
On the OSR5 system, use the netstat –rn command and note the hostname, domain name, IP address, netmask, broadcast address and frame type of the existing network interfaces
On the OSR6 system, enter these values at ISL or via the Network Configuration Manager after ISL
Migrate the following configuration files (merge with existing files, do not simply copy):
/etc/hosts Hostnames and IP addresses
/etc/default/tcp TCP/IP configuration file
/etc/tcp TCP/IP configuration file
/etc/inetd.conf Services available through inetd
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Migrating Networking: DHCP
To migrate your DHCP Server configuration, copy /etc/inet/dhcpd.conf to the OSR6 system
To migrate your Address Allocation Server (AAS) configuration, copy /etc/inet/aasd.conf to the OSR6 system
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Migrating Networking: Routing
gated and routed have been updated in OSR6. The new routed adds RIPv2 support and both can do router discovery
The new command rtquery allows you to query the routing daemons and provides additional control over routed
Migrate the following configuration files:
/etc/gated.conf gated configuration – do not simply copy, changes are needed, see gated.conf(SFF)
/etc/gateways routed configuration, copy to /etc/inet/gateways – supports many more keywords, see routed(ADMN)
/etc/gated.bgp BGP configuration
/etc/gated.egp EGP configuration
/etc/gated.ospf OSPF configuration
/etc/gated.rip RIP configuration
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Migrating Networking: DNS
DNS has been updated to BIND 8.4.4 in OSR6, which includes security fixes and new features
Copy the following configuration files:
Then use the ndc restart command to restart named
/etc/named.conf named configuration
/etc/resolv.conf Resolver configuration
/etc/named.d/* DNS data files
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Migrating NIS
NIS is unchanged in OSR6 There are no configuration files to migrate
over (assuming you already migrated over the user accounts using ap).
Run the ypinit command to configure NIS:-m configure as a master server-s master configure as a slave server-c master configure as a copy-only server-C configure as a client
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Migrating UUCP
UUCP is unchanged in OSR6 Copy the following configuration files:
/usr/lib/uucp/Devices/usr/lib/uucp/Permissions/usr/lib/uucp/Poll/usr/lib/uucp/Systems
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Migrating an FTP Server
ftpd has been updated to version 2.4 in OSR6, it includes security fixes and additional features
New FTP Server Manager can be used to configure ftpd
Migrate the following configuration files:/etc/ftpusers merge with existing file in OSR6
/etc/shells merge with existing file in OSR6
/etc/ftpconv merge with existing file in OSR6
/etc/ftpaccess syntax has changed for:private keywordupload keyword
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Migrating NFS
NFS has been updated to NFSv3 in OSR6, its substantially different from the NFSv2 in OSR5
automount no longer looks at the NIS auto.master map file unless the following line is added to /etc/auto.master
+auto.master Use the information in the OSR5 configurations files to edit the OSR6
files, you cannot simply copy the configuration files from OSR5 to OSR6:
/etc/default/filesys
Used by client to define the systems to be mounted. The device names will differ on OSR6.
/etc/exportfs Used by the server to define filesystems that clients can mount. The device names will differ on OSR6.
/etc/auto.master Lists initial automount configuration
/etc/auto.direct Lists direct automount configuration
/etc/auto.indirect Lists indirect automount configuration
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Migrating NTP
NTP is basically the same on OSR5 and OSR6
The default configuration file (ntp.conf) is the same on both platforms, but is now located in /etc/inet/ntp.conf instead of /etc/ntp.conf
You will also need to copy over any files containing authentication keys and create any log files defined in ntp.conf
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Migrating PPP
SCO PPP has been replaced by SCO Morning Star PPP
There is no graphical administration tool for Morning Star PPP
If you were already using Morning Star PPP on OSR5, you can simply copy the following files:
/usr/lib/mstppp/Autostart/usr/lib/mstppp/Accounts /usr/lib/mstppp/Auth/usr/lib/mstppp/Systems/usr/lib/mstppp/Devices/usr/lib/mstppp/Dialers.local/usr/lib/mstppp/exec.in/*/usr/lib/mstppp/exec.out/*
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Migrating PPP
To migrate from SCO PPP to Morning Star PPP, save the following files from the OSR5 system for reference: /etc/ppphosts /etc/pppauth
For outbound connections: use the host entries in the OSR5 /etc/ppphosts file when
editing the /usr/lib/mstppp/Systems OSR6 file use the PAP/CHAP information in the OSR5 /etc/pppauth file
for the /usr/lib/mstppp/Auth OSR6 file For inbound connections:
use the host entries in the OSR5 /etc/ppphosts file when editing the /usr/lib/mstppp/Accounts OSR6 file
use the PAP/CHAP information in the OSR5 /etc/pppauth file for the /usr/lib/mstppp/Auth OSR6 file
Changes from OSr5
• ISL and system startup• Kernel• Console• X Server and desktops
• Filesystems• System administration• Commands• Documentation
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Changes – ISL
OSR6 uses the “no-emulation” boot cd method instead of “floppy-emulation” – may not work with very old systems that only support floppy-emulation
Supports installing above 1024 cylinders/8GB boundary
Prompts for installing additional HBAs during ISL Supports HBAs on CDs in addition to floppies Can defer licensing to get an eval license (press
<F8> on the license screen) A mouse can be configured and tested during ISL The date and time can be set during ISL Video cards are no longer configured during ISL,
they are autodetected and configured on first reboot
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Changes – System Startup
OSR6 autoboots by default with a [boot] prompt with a twenty-second countdown instead of the Boot: prompt in OSR5
A graphical SCO OpenServer Release 6 logo replaces the hwconfig-style hardware listing
/etc/inittab is built from /etc/conf/init.d/kernel instead of /etc/conf/cf.d/init.base
OSR6 is SMP-ready out of the box Auto-detects multiple CPUs at boot Licensing controls how many can be utilized Hyper-threaded and multi-core CPUs need just one license Enter PSM=atup at the boot prompt to force uni-processor only
NOTE: the /etc/default/boot parameters have changed considerably, see boot(HW) for details
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Changes – Kernel
Dynamically loadable drivers: Allows loading of drivers without a kernel relink and
reboot modadmin -s lists the loaded drivers modadmin -l mod_name loads a driver Drivers are located in /etc/conf/mod.d
Kernel linking is deferred by default until reboot, use /etc/conf/bin/idbuild -B to build the kernel immediately
Kernel is autotuned based on the amount of memory detected at boot
OSR5 drivers will not work with the new kernel, must use SVR5 drivers
/dev/table and /dev/strings no longer present, use hw(ADM) and sdiconfig(ADM) to view hardware configuration
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Changes – Kernel
scodb has been replaced with the kdb kernel debugger
Managing multi-processors has changed: psradm(ADM) for processor configuration psrinfo(ADM) for displaying processor
information rtpm(ADM) for performance monitoring pbind(ADM) for locking a process to a specific
CPU processors are numbered from 0 instead of 1
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Changes – Console
Console termtype has changed from scoansi to at386-ie
Applications with “hard wired” scoansi escape sequences will not work directly on the OSR6 console (but will work in a scoterm or remote login from an OSR5 system)
Applications that use terminfo/termcap will work just fine
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Changes – X Server
OSR6 has a brand new X Server: X.org X11R6 It is configured via /etc/xorg.conf Most video cards are automatically detected and
the X Server attempts to use the highest possible resolution for your video card and monitor
If you are having trouble getting the X server to run at a good resolution, try editing /etc/xorg.conf to enter the exact horizontal and vertical refresh rates for your monitor:
Section “Monitor”
HorizSync 31.5 – 60
VertRefresh 40 - 60
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Changes – Desktops
In addition to the OSR5 xdt3 desktop, OSR6 has the new KDE desktop
xdt3 desktop is the default Switch to the KDE desktop for all users by changing
XDESKTOP in /etc/default/X11: XDESKTOP=kde3
Individual users can specify their desktop preference by setting XDESKTOP in their shell startup scripts
Valid values are “xdt3” or “kde3” – they are defined in /etc/default/xdesktops, so you can add additional desktop options to this file
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Changes – Filesystems
OSR6 updates support for the following filesystems: VxFS (new – supports large files, the default root filesystem) HTFS (updated – journaling and versioning no longer supported) CDFS (replaces HS filesystem, updated to support Joliet) DOSFS (updated to support FAT32 and VFAT) MEMFS (new – memory/RAM filesystem) NFS (updated to v3)
All the filesystems now support up to 16 divisions per partition and can be encrypted via the new -c option to the marry(ADM) command
The DTFS and XENIX filesystems are no longer supported
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Changes – Filesystems
The Virtual Disk Manager is no longer supported AFPS is no longer supported, it has been replaced
by Samba divvy now supports up to 15 user-defined divisions
on each partition badblk & badtrk commands removed, their
operations are now handled transparently by the system
dparam & dkinit commands removed, you can no longer change or override the hard disk parameters, they will always be as set by the system BIOS
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Changes – Large File Support
Only supported on the VxFS filesystem Enabled by default Commands that are Large File Aware:
cat(1), du(1), pathchk(1), chgrp(1), ff(1M) pax(1), chmod(1), find(1), pwd(1), chown(1) fsck(1M), cksum(1), fsdb(1M), rm(1) cmp(1), ln(1), rmdir(1), compress(1), ls(C), sum(1) cp(1), mkdir(1), rcp(1), touch(1), cpio(1), mkfs(1M), ulimit(1) dd(1M), mv(1), uncompress(1), df(1M), ncheck(1M), zcat(1) cpio(C)
All except cpio(C) and ls(C) are found in /u95/bin Note: no shell support for LFS
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Changes – System Administration
The following SCOadmin Managers have been removed: Audit Manager Backup Manager Internet Manager Virtual Domain User Manager Audio Manager ISA PnP Configuration Manager PPP Manager PPP Connection Wizard sysadmsh all IPX/SPX-related managers all NetWare-related managers
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Changes – System Administration
New FTP Server Manager for configuring ftpd, including one-click setup of anonymous FTP
New Hot Plug Manager for managing Hot Plug devices (memory, CPUs. etc)
New Video Configuration Manager based on xorgcfg(1) The License Manager “Add Users/CPUs/Products” menu
items replaced by a single “Add License” option. Plus it only shows licenses installed on the system, it no longer shows unlicensed products.
most mkdev scripts are no longer needed and display information only
See also the “OSR6 Diagnostics and Troubleshooting” presentation (Room 103, 3pm Tues)
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Changes – Web
Netscape FastTrack Server no longer supported, replaced by Apache 1.3
Netscape Communicator no longer supported, replaced by Mozilla
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Changes – Commands
OSR6 distributes basic system commands into three main directories:
For different behaviors, set your PATH as follows:
/bin commands inherited from OSR5
/u95/bin commands that conform to the UNIX95 standard, including LFS support
/udk/bin commands inherited from UW7
/bin Traditional OSR5 user
/u95/bin:bin OSR5 user who wants LFS support
/udk/bin:/u95/bin:/bin
User running UW7 apps
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Changes – Documentation
Online documentation no longer organized by books, but by topics, which allows for tighter integration of third-party documentation
DocView can now print an entire topic instead of just a single section select which sections you want and DocView will
display all the selected sections as one page for printing from the browser
can also elect to generate a PDF or postscript file
Configuring new features
• CUPS• Samba• mySQL• PostgreSQL• Multi-path I/O
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Configuring CUPS Printers
To use just CUPS: edit /etc/default/lpd PRINTER_SYSTEM=CUPS the Printer Manager will automatically launch the CUPS web-
based administration tool login as root and use root’s password
To use both CUPS and SYSV lp (default) : edit /etc/default/lpd PRINTER_SYSTEM=SYSV the Printer Manager will manage the SYSV lp printers and to
configure CUPS printers, enter the following URL in a browser: http://localhost:631 login as root and use root’s password
NOTE: the CUPS administration tool only allows alpha-numeric characters in the password, so you will have to change root’s password if it contains non-alphanumeric characters
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Configuring Samba
Initial configuration is done via mkdev samba: workgroup name WINS configuration Security Domain or Active Directory configuration Enable and activate Samba daemon
The Samba configuration file can be found in /etc/samba/smb.conf
For much more info, go to the “Installing and Configuring Samba 3” presentation(Room 104, 10:15am Tues)
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Configuring mySQL
Initial configuration is done via mkdev mysql: define the mysql database owner and password enable/disable the server stop/start the server processes define the database location and initialize the database
The mysql(1) command provides a curses-based client for connecting to a mySQL database
The mysqladmin(1) command provides some administration options
The mySQL configuration file can be found in /etc/my.cnf
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Configuring PostgreSQL
Initial configuration is done via mkdev pgsql: define the postmaster owner and password enable/disable the server stop/start the server processes define the database location and initialize the
database
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Multi-Path I/O
MPIO allows multiple HBAs to be connected to the same hard disk
Usually requires either a dual-ported device or some form of networked storage
Provides redundancy, availability and load balancing A path is associated with a disk stamp and SCSI
address OSR6 recognizes if a target has multiple access paths by
enumerating different disk SCSI addresses with the same disk stamp
Disabled by default, turn on with mkdev mpio Administered using sdipath(ADM)
SCO Global Services
• SCO Services Capabilities• Professional Services and Consulting for OpenServer 6• Bundled Support• Education• Why SCO Services
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SCO Services Capabilities
Global reach 24x7 Follow the Sun Award winning capability High level expertise “One stop shop” for professional services,
consulting and support
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OpenServer 6 Implementation Services
ASSESSMENT
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Assessment Service
An SCO Professional Services Consultant will: Gather information and assess system
status Evaluate current environment and discuss
strategic goals Work with third party application and
hardware vendors, if necessary Deliver a comprehensive assessment results
report
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Assessment Service Components
Complete assessment of existing or proposed hardware and software environment including: OS and application environment User accounts and data Printing requirements System load Security and Authentication Data Storage and backup Networking
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Porting Service
Analyze your current environment including applications
Make appropriate code changes to your application / libraries
Collaborate with 3rd party application vendors (if necessary)
Re-compile your application on OpenServer 6.
Test the new application
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Deployment Service
Install OpenServer 6 on your hardware Configure the kernel appropriately for your
environment Customize storage layout Set up network and networking services Configure printers and terminals Migrate user accounts and application data. Assess and implement system security
requirements Deploy system using Mass Installation
Toolkit (MIT) if applicable
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OpenServer 6 intensive training to 2 weeks of a comprehensive set of training courses
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Developed by experienced SCO professionals Consists of admin I and II, and networking guides Convenient/flexible ordering system – delivered on
media of your choice Discounts for multiple sets Available for resale by education partners
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Why SCO Services
Most experienced engineers in the industry Average tenure - 14 years
Extension of partner’s own services organization
“Sell through” SCO services @ 30% margin:Option for partner to maintain control of end
user relationship
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