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UPMT – Universal Per-application Mobility management using Tunnels
Stefano Salsano - [email protected] Bonola - [email protected]
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Always best connected (ABC)
ABC service concept: automatic selection of the “best” interface in the mobile device
Dates back to the early 2000, but turning ABC services into reality is still a challenge:– Need to change networking equipment, existing
applications, networking stacks ?
– True ABC services require “per-application” mobility, typical solutions offers “per-device” mobility
3G offload renews interest in ABC concept
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UPMT: Universal Per-application Mobility management using Tunnels
per-application independent management of connectivity (even per-flow)
Key features
works on existing networks supports private IP networks / NAT works with ALL existing applications no changes in the correspondent hosts
implemented on Linux and Android platforms
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IP in UDP tunnels from the Mobile Host to the Anchor Node, one tunnel for interface
The Anchor Node provides a “second level” NAT, the Correspondent Hosts are unaware of UPMT
Each application can be independently sent over one of the tunnels
The applications see a Virtual Interface, they are shielded from any mobility/handover issue and from loss of connectivity on the physical interfaces
SIP protocol is used for mobility management signaling between Mobile Host and Anchor Node
Basic principles of UPMT(see figure in next slide)
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Basic principles of UPMT
Mobile Host (MH)
CorrespondentHost (CH)
Anchor Node(AN)
NAT 1
NAT 2
“second level”NAT
IP/UDP Tunnel 2
IP/UDP Tunnel 1
PublicInternet
Access Networks
“first level”NAT
VirtualInterface
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UPMT scalability
Mobile Host (MH)
AN1
AN2(public IPs)
AN3
Public InternetLocalNAT
LocalNAT
AnchorNAT
Corresp.HostAnchor
Node (AN)
The basic scenario foreseesa “centralized” Anchor Node
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UPMT scalability
Mobile Host (MH)
AN1
AN2(public IPs)
AN3
Public InternetLocalNAT
LocalNAT
AnchorNAT
AnchorNode (AN) 2
Corresp.Host
Corresp.Host
AnchorNode (AN)
Multiple Anchor Nodescan be supported…
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UPMT scalability
Mobile Host (MH)
AN1
AN2(public IPs)
AN3
Fixed Host,e.g. for example:Public Internet
LocalNAT
LocalNAT
AnchorNAT
AnchorNode (AN)
A “fixed” host with UPMT modules canplay the role of the Anchor Node !
… and other over-the-top providers
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Mobile Host (MH)
AN1
AN2(public IPs)
AN3
Public InternetLocalNAT
LocalNAT
MHNAT
Mobile Host (MH)
AnchorNode (AN)
UPMT scalability
Direct Mobile Host to Mobile Host communication (work in progress!)
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Policies: some examples
Never run “bulk transfer” applications on expensive and/or resource-limited access nets.
When connected as a guest to a wifi that only provide web access, use the wifi only for the browser.
For a voice call, use wifi if the quality is OK, move to 3G if the quality on wifi is bad AND the quality on 3G is better.
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Linux GUIs for policies and monitoring
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Performances
MH - Mobile HostAN – Anchor Node
Packets/s
Packets/s
System level performances: the validity of kernel level implementation
User level performances
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Linux and Android implementation
The UPMT implementation is open sourcehttp://netgroup.uniroma2.it/UPMT
Tunneling and flow classification are implemented in kernel space for performance/scalability
A UPMT Live distribution for Linux is available, it can be configured to be a Mobile Host or an Anchor Node
Ported on Android (2.2 Platform), Nexus one terminal– Kernel modules ported, patch to support more network interfaces
– Android image can be downloaded
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Business scenarios
UPMT can be used in different business scenarios:
Operator centric
User centric
Corporate Net. centric
Aggregator centric
Over-the-top Prov. centric
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Take home message
To the best of our knowledge, UPMT is the only implemented solution that provides:
– per-application handover
– support of all legacy applications
– overlay approach with no support from routers and access network
– support of NAT
– support of legacy correspondent host
moreover, it is open source…
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References
M. Bonola, S. Salsano, A. Polidoro, “UPMT: Universal Per-Application Mobility Management using Tunnels”, IEEE GLOBECOM 2009
M. Bonola, S. Salsano, “Achieving Scalability in the UPMT Mobility Management Solution”, Future Network & Mobile Summit 2010, 16 – 18 June 2010, Florence, Italy.
M. Bonola, S. Salsano, “Per-application Mobility Management: Performance Evaluation of the UPMT Solution”, IWCMC 2011, Istanbul, Turkey, July 2011
S. Salsano, M. Bonola, “The UPMT solution”, technical report, http://netgroup.uniroma2.it/TR/UPMT.pdf