some preliminary thoughts on how
Upper Mississippi River Environmental Pool Plan Restoration Features and Activities
may relate to
Lake Pepin TMDL Water Quality Objectives
Scot Johnson, Mississippi River Hydrologist
DNR WatersJanuary 10, 2006
TMDL = WLA + LA + MOS + RC
Upper Mississippi River PlanningRiver-wide Minneapolis to St. Louis
2000 2000
Navigation Study Report UMRCC/Audubon Report
First Step Down - St. Paul District Reach Plan
Identify Goals and Objectives and Summarize Resource Issues Common to Pools 1 - 10
Fish and Wildlife Work Group
Working Together to Manage the Mississippi River for the
Future
2nd Step Down -Environmental Pool Plans
St. Paul DistrictRiver Resources Forum
St. Paul District
Lake Pepin TMDL
Public Citizens, Non-Governmental Organizations and Other Interest Groups
Spring Lake
Lower Impoundment
Lower Mooers Lake
Mooers Lake
Baldwin Lake
River Lake
Pool 2 Water Resources
Grey Cloud Slough
Mississippi River - Upper Pool 3
Conley Lake
St. Croix River
Prescott Island Prescott
Point Douglas
Minnesota
Wisconsin
Sturgeon Lake
North Lake
Diamond Bluff
Marsh Lake
Corps Island
Prairie Island
Gatenbein (Goose) Lake
Lock and Dam 3 Intermediate Dike
Upper Spot Dikes
Lock and Dam 3
Goose Lake
Prairie Island
Pickerel Lake
Vermillion River
Mississippi River - Upper Pool 4
Mississippi River - Lower Pool 3
Cannon Lake
Espen Lake
Spring Creek Lake
Dukes Pond
Mud Lake
Cannon River Delta
Cannon River
Vermillion River
Mud LakeDead Slough Lake Bay City Flats
Wacouta Bay
Goose Lake
Upper Pool 4 Water ResourcesWisconsin Channel
Lake Pepin
AQUATIC VEGETATION QUALITY
Pool 2
Pool 3
Pool 4
Pool 6
Pool 5
Pool 5A
Pool 7
Pool 8
Pool 9
Poor Quality
Good Quality
Excellent QualityUMRCC adhoc Vegetation Technical Committee 2003 Report and field observations in Pool 2
Existing Conditions
Potential Actions
Desired FutureEnvironmental Pool Planning Steps…
2004
Environmental Pool PlanRestoration Features/Activities
Water Level Management – Summer Drawdown
Floodplain Island Restoration
Surface Water Use Management
Floodplain Connectivity and Flow Redistribution
Floodplain Forest, Prairie and Marsh Restoration/Management
Vegetative Buffers
Water Level ManagementEPP Fish and Wildlife Objectives
Increase emergent aquatic plant coverage
Increase submersed aquatic plant coverage
Consolidate sediments
Diversify floodplain bathymetry
Reduce wave heights
TMDL Water Quality ObjectivesReduce Chlorophyll a concentrations
Reduce turbidity to improve water clarity/light penetration
Reduce suspended solids concentrations
Reduce water column nutrient concentrations
Pool-wide Drawdown during the Summer
Growing Season
Predicted vs. Actual exposed substrate at 30,000 cfsPredicted vs. Actual exposed substrate at 30,000 cfs
USGS UMESC
La Crosse
Brownsville
Stoddard
Lock and Dam # 8 (Genoa)
Lock and Dam # 7 (Dresbach)
Drawdown depths gradually
decline the further upstream of the Lock and
Dam
USACE
June 11, 2001
June 24, 2002
August 19, 2002
September 17, 2002
August 8, 2003
Pool 8Pool-Wide Water Level
Drawdowns
Pre Drawdown
During Drawdown
1st Year Post Drawdown
7/13/05 9/14/05
Pool 5 Drawdown – Whitewater River Delta
Vegetation provides excellent food, shelter, cover, Vegetation provides excellent food, shelter, cover, breeding and rearing grounds for aquatic life. breeding and rearing grounds for aquatic life.
Vegetation provides excellent food, shelter, and Vegetation provides excellent food, shelter, and breeding and rearing grounds for aquatic life.breeding and rearing grounds for aquatic life.
Just a few of the organisms that benefit from vegetation.Just a few of the organisms that benefit from vegetation.
http://www.dcwild.com/images/Mammals/Muskrat.jpghttp://www.eitangrunwald.com/NC500/NC500p1_files/Redbelly%20Water%20Snake3.jpg
http://museum.gov.ns.ca/mnh/nature/frogs/thumbs/images/greenf.jpg
http://www.cmsu.edu/naturecentral/pictures/whitetail_deer.jpg
http://www.mkk.szie.hu/~tejfol/csuka2.jpg
http://www.fs.fed.us/r10/ro/naturewatch/images/photos/wildlife/birds/canvasbk.JPG
http://www.ctbirding.org/images/goldeneye%20lefta.jpg
http://www.webofnature.com/DR-6-3-04-0028-Blandings.jpg
http://www.schmoker.org/BirdPics/Photos/Blackbirds/YHBLfly3.jpg
Shift from algae dominated to macrophyte dominated freshwater ecosystem
Reduced bottom sediment resuspension
Reduced streambank erosion
Increased suspended solids deposition
Reduced reintroduction of phosphorus currently sequestered in bottom sediments
Water Level Management
Highlighted Potential OutcomesTMDL = WLA + LA + MOS + RC
Tundra Swans
USFWS – UMR Refuge
Floodplain IslandsEPP Fish and Wildlife Objectives
Restore lost physical structure
Diversify habitat
Create sheltered areas
Reduce wind fetch
Reduce wave heights
Redistribute flow
TMDL Water Quality Objectives
Reduce turbidity to improve water clarity/light penetration
Reduce suspended solids concentrations
Reduce water column nutrient concentrations
USACE
19391947195419611967198319891994
Lower Pool 8 Island Erosion
USGS - UMESC
1939 1954 1998 199919891967
1937 2007?
Change in Fetch in Lower Pool 8from 1937 to present
Fetch increased after impoundment as islands eroded. Fetch decreased after 1989 as a result of island building
Lowest fetch
Highest fetch
USGS - UMESC
Island Protection and RestorationPast Experiences
Pool 8 Islands Phase II,near Stoddard, Wisconsin
August 1994 August 2000October 1961
USGS UMESC
Mechanical
Hydraulic
Island Construction
Pool 2 –Natural River Levee Island Restoration
Reduced sediment resuspension
Reduced streambank erosion
Reduced reintroduction of phosphorus currently sequestered in bottom sediments
Floodplain IslandsHighlighted Potential Outcomes
TMDL = WLA + LA + MOS + RC
Surface Water Use ManagementEPP Fish and Wildlife Objectives
Reduce streambank erosion
Reduce sediment resuspension
Reduce prop wash
Reduce loss of aquatic plants
Minimize other biological impacts TMDL Water Quality Objectives
Reduce turbidity to improve water clarity/light penetration
Reduce suspended solids concentrations
Reduce water column nutrient concentrations
-The more recreational boating activity the more sediment resuspended in the water column.
- The more recreational boats capable of creating large waves the more shoreline that is eroding.
Maximum Wave Height
%Eroding
USACE
USACE
- Recreational boat traffic is forecast to increase 20% on the Upper Mississippi River in the next 50 years.
- Most of the traffic increase will be in Pools 3 and 4 which are already the busiest pools.
USACE
USACE
Documented Commercial Navigational Impacts
Resuspension of sediments
Erosion of streambanks
Damage to submerged plants
Changes in flow direction and magnitude
Greater impacts in upper reaches/narrow channels
Reduced sediment resuspension
Reduced streambank erosion
Reduced reintroduction of phosphorus currently sequestered in bottom sediments
Surface water use legislation, policy and regulations
Fleeting Plan Implementation
Mooring Cell Plan Implementation
Surface Water Use ManagementTMDL = WLA + LA + MOS + RC
Highlighted Potential Outcomes
Preliminary List of Information and Modeling Needs
Complete Bathymetry Mapping in Pools 2 - 4
HEC RAS Model and/or RMA 2
Seed Bank Analysis
Wind Fetch Model
Submersed Aquatic Plant Model
Navigation Study Models
Phytoplankton and Zooplankton community dynamics USGS - UMESC
USFWS - Refuge