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Údarás Um Shábháilteacht Ar Bhóithre Road Safety Authority Survey of Free Speed 2006 Urban and Rural
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Page 1: Urban and Rural - rsa.ie Safety/Speed/RSA_Speeding_Survey_06.pdf · Residentialroads are roads which go through business, ... they are not always indicated by a speed limit sign.

Údarás Um Shábháilteacht Ar BhóithreRoad Safety Authority

Survey of Free Speed 2006Urban and Rural

Page 2: Urban and Rural - rsa.ie Safety/Speed/RSA_Speeding_Survey_06.pdf · Residentialroads are roads which go through business, ... they are not always indicated by a speed limit sign.
Page 3: Urban and Rural - rsa.ie Safety/Speed/RSA_Speeding_Survey_06.pdf · Residentialroads are roads which go through business, ... they are not always indicated by a speed limit sign.

2006 Survey of Free Speed(Urban and Rural)

Published byThe Road Safety Authority

Moy Valley Business Park, Primrose Hill,Dublin Road, Ballina, Co. Mayo.

12006 SURVEY OF FREE SPEED (URBAN AND RURAL)

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Contents

Page

Contents 2

Definitions 3

Speed Limits 5

Free Speed Survey - Background 7

Free Speed Survey – Methodology 9

Main Findings 11

Detailed Tables 17

Appendix 1: Sample free speed survey sheet 21

Appendix 2: Free speed (rural) survey procedures 22

Appendix 3: Free speeds (urban) survey locations 24

2 2006 SURVEY OF FREE SPEED (URBAN AND RURAL)

Page 5: Urban and Rural - rsa.ie Safety/Speed/RSA_Speeding_Survey_06.pdf · Residentialroads are roads which go through business, ... they are not always indicated by a speed limit sign.

Definitions

Free SpeedFree speed is defined as the speed at which drivers choose to travel when unconstrained by road geometry(e.g. sharp bends), weather conditions (e.g. rain) or traffic conditions (e.g. congestion).

Free speeds only are measured in this survey, and therefore the average speed computed from thesesurveys would considerably overestimate the speed on the road network as constrained vehicles tend totravel at lower speeds.

85th PercentileThe 85th percentile speed is the speed at or below which 85 percent of the motorists drive on a given roadunaffected by slower traffic or poor weather. This speed indicates the speed that most motorists on theroad consider safe and reasonable under ideal conditions. It is a good guideline for the appropriate speedlimit for that road.

Road Classifications in the Republic of IrelandRoads are the dominant mode of transport in Ireland accounting for 96% of passenger traffic and 89% offreight transport.

National roads consist of National Primary and National Secondary roads and while they account for only6% of the total road network, they carry over 45% of traffic. A national road (including a motorway) isdenoted by the letter N or M (e.g. N7, M50).

National Primary roads are major long distance through-roads linking the principal ports/airports,cities and large towns.

National Secondary roads are medium distance through-roads connecting important towns andlinking up to the national primary roads.

Non-national roads consist of regional roads and local roads which are important as our low density ofpopulation creates a high dependence on the local roads system. A non-national road is denoted by theletter L or R (e.g. L3421, R416).

Regional roads provide the main links between national roads. Local roads include all other urban andrural roads. Regional and local roads account for 94% of the total road network and they carry over 55% oftraffic.

An arterial road is a moderate or high-capacity road usually on the approach to urban areas. For this studythey can be regarded as the stretch of roads before entering towns and villages. They are generallyidentified by either a 50 km/h or a 60 km/h speed limit.

Residential roads are roads which go through business, shopping and residential areas of cities and towns.A default speed limit of 50 km/h applies to such roads and is sometimes referred to as a “built up speedlimit”. As these are default speed limits on these roads, they are not always indicated by a speed limitsign.

32006 SURVEY OF FREE SPEED (URBAN AND RURAL)

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Speed Limits

All public roads have speed limits. In most cases, a ‘default’ speed limit applies. This automatically appliesto a particular type of road if there is no speed limit sign to show otherwise. The table below sets downthe default speed limits for different roads under the Road Traffic Act 2004.

Local authorities can apply special speed limits to any of these roads, for example: at particular times,such as

when children are entering or leaving schools

on different sides on a dual carriageway

at selected locations such as a tunnel, where the limit may be lowered if one lane must be closed

where there is a series of bends

at road works

Roads in built-up areas,such as cities, townsand boroughs

50km/h

Non-national roads(regional and local)(White Signs - R or L numbers)

80km/h

National roads (primaryand secondary)(Green Signs - N numbers)

100km/h

Motorway,(Blue Signs - M numbers)

120km/h

Type of road Speed limit

4 2006 SURVEY OF FREE SPEED (URBAN AND RURAL)

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If the local authority sets a special speed limit, you will see one of the signs below.

Speed limits for vehiclesSome drivers must obey speed limits for their vehicles as well as speed limits for the roads on which theyare travelling. The table below outlines the speed limits that apply to different vehicles.

65 kilometresan hour(65km/h)

• A single deck bus carrying standing passengers

65 kilometresan hour(65km/h)

• Any double-deck bus or double-deck coach

80 kilometresan hour(80km/h)

• Any vehicle towing a trailer, caravan, horseboxor other attachment

80 kilometresan hour(80km/h)

• A goods vehicle with a design gross vehicleweight of more than 3,500 kilograms

80 kilometresan hour(80km/h)

• A vehicle that can carry more than 8passengers, apart from the driver, but does notcarry any standing passengers

Vehicle speedlimit

Type of vehicle to which it applies

80km/h 100km/h 120km/h

30km/h 50km/h 60km/h

52006 SURVEY OF FREE SPEED (URBAN AND RURAL)

Page 8: Urban and Rural - rsa.ie Safety/Speed/RSA_Speeding_Survey_06.pdf · Residentialroads are roads which go through business, ... they are not always indicated by a speed limit sign.

Free Speed Surveys - Background

The conversion to a metric speed system (km/h) in January 2005 from the old imperial system (mph)resulted in a major change in speed limits in the state. As well as the change to kilometres, the specificspeed limits and vehicle-specific speed limits were amended to reflect the changing road transport system.

The speed limit on motorways changed from 70 mph to 120km/h (equivalent to 75 mph); on dualcarriageways and national roads from 60 mph to 100 km/h (62 mph); on inter-urban regional and localroads from 60 mph to 80 km/h (50 mph). In terms of urban areas, the 30 mph speed limit was changed to50 km/h (equivalent to 31 mph), and the 40 mph speed limit to 60 km/h (37 mph).

In addition to these road type specific speed limit changes, vehicle-specific speed limits were also changedto km/h. The speed limits applying to single-deck buses, towing vehicles and trucks (over 3,500 kg grossweights) were changed from 50 mph to 80 km/h, while the speed limit applicable to double deck buseswent from 40 mph to 65 km/h.

This survey was taken a full 18 months after the date of the metric introduction and drivers would beexpected to more familiar and more used to the new limits in 2006 than they were in 2005.

In 1999 the National Roads Authority commissioned ARUP Consulting Engineers and PavementManagement Services (PMS) to undertake separate surveys of free speeds in rural areas and in urban areasand also seat-belt wearing rates. Three reports were subsequently published (Free Speeds on Rural Roads1999; Free Speeds on Urban Roads 1999 and Seat-belt Wearing Rates 1999).

The National Roads Authority in 2002, 2003 and 2005 carried out nationwide surveys of free speeds (Urbanand Rural) and seat-belt wearing rates which were based on the methodology outlined in the 1999reports.

The Road Safety Authority carried out national surveys in relation to seat belt wearing and traffic speedsfor the first time in 2006. The methodology developed for and used by the National Roads Authority in allprevious surveys are applied to this survey except that observations for motorcycles are now included forthe first time. Survey results are used to monitor trends, determine the effectiveness of safety initiativesand to inform the on-going review of public policy in relation to road safety.

6 2006 SURVEY OF FREE SPEED (URBAN AND RURAL)

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The findings of this survey have an added value in that it is the basis for benchmarking the targets set forspeeding in the Road Safety Strategy 2007-2012.

72006 SURVEY OF FREE SPEED (URBAN AND RURAL)

Cars and Motorcycles

� To increase compliance with speed limits on urban national roads (at 50 km/h sign) from 18% to 60% or better by 2012.

� To increase speed limit compliance on urban arterial roads from 14% to 60% or better in 50 km/h zones and from 11%to 60% or better in 60 km/h zones by 2012.

� To increase speed limit compliance on regional roads from 84% to 90% or better by 2012.

� To increase compliance on 2-lane national primary roads from 74% to 90% or better by 2012.

Heavy Goods Vehicles and Buses

� To increase articulated vehicles’ compliance with speed limits on urban national roads (at 50 km/h sign) from 33% to70% or better by 2012 and to increase rigid vehicles’ compliance on the same roads from 23% to 70% or better.

� To increase speed limit compliance by articulated vehicles on 2-lane national roads from 13% to 60% or better by 2012and to increase compliance of rigid vehicles from 24% to 60% or better over the same time period.

� To increase both rigid and articulated vehicles’ compliance with speed limits on regional roads to 95% or better by2012.

� To increase the percentage of single deck buses complying with speed limits on 2-lane national roads to 85% or betterby 2012.

SPECIFIC TARGET

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Free Speed Surveys -Methodology

The free speeds surveys were carried out during June, July and August 2006. The locations chosen andmethodology used were similar to those used in the equivalent 1999, 2002, 2003 and 2005 surveys. Thespeeds measured again for this survey reflect free speeds.

The surveys were carried out at the designated locations during working hours (9.30 am to 5.30 pm)Monday to Friday. Only speeds of vehicles that were unconstrained - meaning speeds derived from vehicleswith a headway / gap of at least 200 meters on roads where it was possible to exceed the speed limit -were recorded.

On urban arterial roads, speeds were measured early in the morning between 5.30 and 7.30 am, althoughin some locations in Dublin few readings of vehicles were taken after 7.00am, as the traffic conditionscould not be described as free-flowing. The speed measurements on residential roads were carried out innormal daylight hours (typically between 9.30 a.m. and 5.30 p.m.).

The road classes surveyed were:

Urban national at the 50 km/h speed limit;

arterial in 50 km/h speed zones;

arterial in 60 km/h zones,

residential in 50 km/h zones,

motorways,

dual carriageways

national single lane (primary and secondary)

regional, and

local.

Free speeds were only measured for cars on arterial and residential roads (due to a relative shortage ofsingle / double deck buses, rigid or articulated vehicles on these roads during surveying hours).

For urban national roads the speeds of cars, single deck buses, double deck buses, rigid and articulatedvehicles were recorded separately with measurements taken at the 50 km/h sign on inbound traffic only.

Due to low sample sizes, no figures are provided for double deck buses; caution should be taken in theinterpretation of results provided for single deck buses, as they are based on very limited sample sizes.

All surveys were carried out in dry conditions and surveyors were instructed to choose vehicles in arandom manner to avoid bias. Where a cluster of vehicles arrived together only the speed of the firstvehicle was taken.

82006 SURVEY OF FREE SPEED (URBAN AND RURAL)

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The same sites were chosen as in previous surveys, where the sites were chosen according to thefollowing criteria:

long, straight sections of roadway;

carriageway of at least 7 meters (except for urban residential);

sites where speed is relatively unaffected by geometry, traffic, traffic lights, traffic calmingmeasures, junctions, road works or parking and

sites where it is feasible to drive faster than the speed limit

Speed was measured with radar meters. Effort was made for surveyors to be as inconspicuous as possible.For national roads the speeds of cars, rigid and articulated vehicles were recorded separately.

The target sample size for surveys on urban national roads was: 140 cars, 90 rigid vehicles and 30articulated vehicles [no quotas were allocated for either type of bus surveyed]. The target sample size forurban residential and urban arterial roads was 140 cars (no buses, rigid or articulated vehicles weresurveyed for these roads). Surveyors were instructed to continue until the target for each vehicle class wasreached or for a maximum of 2.5 hours, whichever occured earlier.

92006 SURVEY OF FREE SPEED (URBAN AND RURAL)

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Main Findings

The 2006 free speeds survey gives a mixed result when compared to 2005. In rural areas there was asignificant reduction in speeding rates on regional and local roads in 2006 (Figure 1)

However, on motorways, national primary and national secondary roads the proportion of cars complyingwith speed limits decreased (Figure 2).

Figure 2Decreases in speed compliance -percentage of cars in excess of posted speed limits

0 5 10 15 20 25 30

Motorways (120km/h)

National Primary (100km/h)

National Secondary (100km/h)

Dual carriageways (100km/h)

2005 2006

28

30

9

13

23

27

15

20

Speed for cardrivers increasedon better qualityroad types

Significantimprovement in

speedcompliance forcar drivers onregional roads in80 km/h limits

Figure 1Improvements in speed compliance -percentage of cars in excess of posted speed limits

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

Regional Roads (80km/h)

Local Roads (80km/h)

2005 2006

37

19

63

26

10 2006 SURVEY OF FREE SPEED (URBAN AND RURAL)

Page 13: Urban and Rural - rsa.ie Safety/Speed/RSA_Speeding_Survey_06.pdf · Residentialroads are roads which go through business, ... they are not always indicated by a speed limit sign.

In urban areas the proportion of cars exceeding the speed limit on arterial roads with a 50 km/h limit fellby 5% to 86% in 2006 and on national roads with a 50km/h speed limit by 7% to 82%. There was asignificant increase in the percentage of cars exceeding the 50 km/h speed limit in residential areas –from 20% in 2005 to 47% in 2006 (Figure 3).

There was an improvement in the level of compliance for drivers of articulated vehicles onmotorways/dual carriageways (80km/h for these type of vehicles) and on regional roads, where areduction from 45% offending to 9% was significant (Figure 4). However on two lane national primary andsecondary roads, speeds for articulated vehicles increased.

Figure 4Percentage of Articulated Vehicles in excess of Vehicle-specific speed limits

0 20 40 60 80 100

Motorway

Dual Carriageway

National Primary

National Secondary

Regional

2005 2006

45

9

48

58

83

87

87

69

94

89

Significantimprovement in

speedcompliance forarticulateddrivers on

regional roads

Figure 3Percentage of cars driving in excess of speed limits on urban roads

0 20 40 60 80 100

Arterial (50km/h)

Arterial (60km/h)

Urban National (50km/h)

Residential (50km/h)

2005 2006

20

47

89

82

80

89

91

86

Significantincrease in speedoffending by cardrivers on urbanresidential roadsin 50 km/hlimits

112006 SURVEY OF FREE SPEED (URBAN AND RURAL)

Page 14: Urban and Rural - rsa.ie Safety/Speed/RSA_Speeding_Survey_06.pdf · Residentialroads are roads which go through business, ... they are not always indicated by a speed limit sign.

For the drivers of rigid trucks, there was an improvement in speed compliance on all roads except twolane national roads (Figure 5) (a speed limit of 80km/h applies to these vehicle types).

However in urban areas, for vehicles other than cars, the average speed was significantly above the speedlimit (Figure 6) and this was particularly high for rigid trucks where the average speed was in the region of78 kilometres per hour.

For the first time data is available about the average speed of motorcycles. On urban roads the averagefree speed for motor cycles was significantly above the speed limit.

Figure 6Comparsion between average free speed limits for cars on urban roads

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

Arterial

Arterial

Urban National

Residential

AverageFree Speed

Speed Limit

51

50

75

50

71

60

60

50

Significant levelsof non

compliance byvehicles (otherthan cars) withspeed limits onnational roads inurban areas

Figure 5Percentage of Rigid Trucks in excess of Vehicle-specific speed limits

0 20 40 60 80 100

Motorway (120km/h)

Dual Carriageway (100km/h)

National Primary (100km/h)

National Secondary (100km/h)

Regional (80km/h)

2005 2006

22

45

30

41

76

76

78

68

88

85

Significantimprovement in

speedcompliance forrigid trucks onregional roads

12 2006 SURVEY OF FREE SPEED (URBAN AND RURAL)

Page 15: Urban and Rural - rsa.ie Safety/Speed/RSA_Speeding_Survey_06.pdf · Residentialroads are roads which go through business, ... they are not always indicated by a speed limit sign.

On rural roads the average free speed of cars was below the speed limit on all roads type (Figure 7)

In contrast with cars on rural roads, the average free speed for articulated trucks was above the speedlimits on all road types except dual carriageways and regional roads. It should be remembered that speedlimits of 80 km/h apply to such vehicles rather than the speed limit applicable to the road (Figure 9). Asimilar finding resulted for rigid trucks except that the average free speed was below the speed limit onnational secondary roads as well as regional roads (Figure 10)

Figure 8Cars on Rural Roads - average free speed

0 20 40 60 80 100 120

Motorways

Dual Carriageways

National Primary

National Secondary

Regional Roads

Local Roads

AverageFree Speed

Speed Limit

100

95

100

90

100

110

120

80

87

72

67

80

Figure 7Comparsion between average speed for vehicles (other than cars) on nationalroads in urban areas with a 50km/h speed limit

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

Articulated

Rigid

Motor Cycles

Single deck buses

AverageFree Speed

Vehicle SpecificSpeed Limit

66

50

68

50

78

50

65

50

Significantimprovement in

speedcompliance forcars on all roadsin rural areas

132006 SURVEY OF FREE SPEED (URBAN AND RURAL)

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The average free speed of single deck buses on national roads in rural areas differed in relation to thequality of the road. On the better primary roads the average free speed was higher than the 80 km/hpermitted for such a vehicle while on national secondary roads the speeds were lower that the speedlimit.

Figure 10Rigid Vehicles - average free speed on rural roads

0 20 40 60 80 100

Motorway

Dual Carriageway

National Primary

National Secondary

Regional

AverageFree Speed

Vehicle SpecificSpeed Limit

72

80

77

80

86

80

81

80

92

80

Figure 9Articulated Vehicles - average free speed on rural roads

0 20 40 60 80 100

Motorway

Dual Carriageway

National Primary

National Secondary

Regional

AverageFree Speed

Vehicle SpecificSpeed Limit

68

80

81

80

86

80

79

80

87

80

14 2006 SURVEY OF FREE SPEED (URBAN AND RURAL)

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Details of the distribution rates of observed free speeds for urban and rural roads are shown in Tables 3and 4 in chapter 6 (page 19).

Distribution rates refer to the speed at which drivers were travelling at relevant to the speed limit.

On urban residential roads, within a 50km/h speed limit, 48% of cars are travelling under the speed limit.Thirty per cent are travelling at speeds between 50 and 60 km/h and the remaining 22% speed in excess of60 km/h.

On arterial roads in urban areas, a total of 47% of free speeding cars in 50 km/h zones travel between 60-80km/h, while 68% travel at the same speed when in 60 km/h zones.

On rural roads the modal (more frequent) car speed range is between 100-120km/h on motorways, 80-100km on dual carriageways, national primary, national secondary and regional roads and 60-80 km/h onregional roads.

Figure 11Single deck buses - average speed on rural roads

0 20 40 60 80 100

National Primary

National Secondary

AverageFree Speed

Vehicle SpecificSpeed Limit

73

80

84

80

Single deckbuses travelledat speed aboveor below the

applicable speedlimit dependenton quality of the

road

152006 SURVEY OF FREE SPEED (URBAN AND RURAL)

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Detailed Tables

1. Percentage exceeding speed limits on urban roads, 2006.

Road Type and Vehicle ClassAvg. Speed(km/h)

NumberSpeeding

Number inSample

% Speeding

85thPercentileFree Speed(km/h)

Arterial - 50 km/h

- Cars 60 378 438 86 68

Arterial – 60 km/h

- Cars 71 529 591 89 82

National – 50 km/h

Articulated Vehicle 65 116 172 67 80

Cars 75 880 1079 82 92

Motor Cycles 78 29 33 88 91

Rigid Vehicles 68 170 211 77 82

Single Deck Buses 66 42 57 74 77

Residential – 50 km/h

- Cars 51 434 926 47 63

16 2006 SURVEY OF FREE SPEED (URBAN AND RURAL)

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2. Percentage exceeding speed limits on rural roads, 2006

Road Type and Vehicle ClassSpeed Limit(km/h)

Avg. Speed(km/h)

NumberSpeeding

Number inSample

% Speeding

Motorway

- Articulated Vehicle 80 87 218 246 89

- Cars 120 110 190 953 20- Rigid Vehicles 80 92 151 178 85

- Single Decker Buses - - - - -Dual Carriageway

- Articulated Vehicle 80 79 142 207 69

- Cars 100 90 349 1162 30

- Rigid Vehicles 80 81 251 368 68

- Single Decker Buses - - - - -

National Primary

- Articulated Vehicle 80 86 243 279 87

- Cars 100 95 272 1027 27

- Rigid Vehicles 80 86 250 330 76

- Single Decker Buses 80 84 19 28 68

National Secondary

- Articulated Vehicle 80 81 42 72 58

- Cars 100 87 171 1351 13

- Rigid Vehicles 80 77 63 155 41

- Single Decker Buses 80 73 3 15 20

Regional Road

- Articulated Vehicle 80 68 3 33 9

- Cars 80 72 195 747 26

- Rigid Vehicles 80 72 20 90 22

- Single Decker Buses - - - - -

Local Road

- Cars 80 67 137 724 19

172006 SURVEY OF FREE SPEED (URBAN AND RURAL)

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3. Distribution of free speeds (%) on urban roads, 2006

Road Type and Vehicle Class< 50km/h

50-60km/h

60-80km/h

80-100km/h

100-120km/h

120-140km/h

140 +km/h

Arterial - 50 km/h

- Cars 10 39 47 4 0 0 0

Arterial – 60 km/h

- Cars 4 8 68 20 0 0 0

National – 50 km/h

Articulated Vehicle 10 24 51 15 0 0 0

Cars 5 14 43 32 6 0 0

Rigid Vehicles 4 20 58 16 2 0 0

Single Deck Buses 2 23 65 10 0 0 0

Residential – 50 km/h

- Cars 48 30 16 5 1 0 0

18 2006 SURVEY OF FREE SPEED (URBAN AND RURAL)

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4. Distribution of free speeds (%) on rural roads, 2006

Road Type and Vehicle ClassSpeedLimit(km/h)

< 50km/h

50-60km/h

60-80km/h

80-100km/h

100-120km/h

120-140km/h

140 +km/h

Motorway

- Articulated Vehicle 80 0 0 11 85 4 0 0

- Cars 120 0 0 1 19 60 18 2

- Rigid Vehicles 80 1 1 11 60 23 4 0

- Single Decker Buses - - - - - - - -Dual Carriageway

- Articulated Vehicle 80 2 7 34 57 0 0 0

- Cars 100 1 2 16 58 20 1 0

- Rigid Vehicles 80 1 6 32 57 4 0 0

- Single Decker Buses - 0 0 - - - - -

National Primary

- Articulated Vehicle 80 0 0 13 86 1 0 0

- Cars 100 0 0 5 69 25 1 0

- Rigid Vehicles 80 0 0 24 71 5 0 0

- Single Decker Buses 80 0 0 32 68 0 0 0

National Secondary

- Articulated Vehicle 80 0 2 40 58 0 0 0

- Cars 100 0 2 29 55 12 1 0

- Rigid Vehicles 80 2 5 45 46 2 0 0

- Single Decker Buses 80 0 0 69 31 0 0 0

Regional Road

- Articulated Vehicle 80 6 12 61 21 0 0 0

- Cars 80 3 14 57 23 3 0 0

- Rigid Vehicles 80 0 11 66 20 3 0 0

- Single Decker Buses - 0 0 100 0 0 0 0

Local Road

- Cars 80 8 23 50 16 2 0 0

192006 SURVEY OF FREE SPEED (URBAN AND RURAL)

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5. Free speed (urban): Comparison of results for 2006 and 2005.

Road Type and Vehicle Class2006 ExceedingSpeed Limit (%)

2005 ExceedingSpeed Limit

(%)*

2006 averageFree Speed(km/h)

2005 averageFree Speed(km/h)

Urban Arterial - 50 km/h zone

- Cars 86 91 60 62

Urban Arterial – 60 km/h zone

- Cars 89 80 71 69

Urban National – 50 km/h sign

- Articulated Vehicle 67 89 65 61

- Cars 82 89 75 65

- Motor Cycle 88 - 78 -

- Rigid Vehicles 77 80 68 58

- Single Decker Buses 74 79 67 56

Urban Residential – 50 km/h zone

- Cars 47 20 51 43

20 2006 SURVEY OF FREE SPEED (URBAN AND RURAL)

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6. Free speed (Rural): Comparison of results for 2006 and 2005.

Road Type and Vehicle Class2006 ExceedingSpeed Limit (%)

2005 ExceedingSpeed Limit

(%)*

2006 averageFree Speed(km/h)

2005 averageFree Speed(km/h)

Motorway

- Articulated Vehicle 89 94 87 86

- Cars 20 15 110 109

- Rigid Vehicles 85 88 92 89

- Single Decker Buses 0 100 80 95

Dual Carriageway

- Articulated Vehicle 56 87 79 85

- Cars 22 28 90 96

- Rigid Vehicles 58 78 81 84

- Single Decker Buses 12 77 82 85

National Primary

- Articulated Vehicle 87 83 86 85

- Cars 27 23 95 94

- Rigid Vehicles 76 76 86 86

- Single Decker Buses 0 76 84 85

National Secondary

- Articulated Vehicle 58 48 81 76

- Cars 13 9 87 85

- Rigid Vehicles 41 30 77 74

- Single Decker Buses 0 38 73 75

Regional Road

- Articulated Vehicle 9 45 68 76

- Cars 16 63 72 84

- Rigid Vehicles 22 45 72 77

- Single Decker Buses 0 9 60 65

Local Roads

- Cars 22 37 67 75

212006 SURVEY OF FREE SPEED (URBAN AND RURAL)

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7. Free speed percentiles on rural roads, 2006

Road Type and Vehicle ClassSpeed Limit(Km/h)

50th PercentileSpeed (km/h)

85th PercentileSpeed (km/h)

Motorway

- Articulated Vehicle 80 86 91

- Cars 120 110 123

- Rigid Vehicles 80 89 109

- Single Decker Buses 80 80 80

Dual Carriageway

- Articulated Vehicle 80 82 89

- Cars 100 92 103

- Rigid Vehicles 80 84 93

- Single Decker Buses 80 83 91

National Primary

- Articulated Vehicle 80 86 90

- Cars 100 95 104

- Rigid Vehicles 80 86 93

- Single Decker Buses 80 84 97

National Secondary

- Articulated Vehicle 80 83 88

- Cars 100 86 100

- Rigid Vehicles 80 79 89

- Single Decker Buses 80 75 86

Regional Road

- Articulated Vehicle 80 69 80

- Cars 80 70 86

- Rigid Vehicles 80 71 84

- Single Decker Buses - 60 60

Local Roads

- Cars 80 66 82

22 2006 SURVEY OF FREE SPEED (URBAN AND RURAL)

Page 25: Urban and Rural - rsa.ie Safety/Speed/RSA_Speeding_Survey_06.pdf · Residentialroads are roads which go through business, ... they are not always indicated by a speed limit sign.

Appendix 1:Sample free speed survey sheet

Type

Speed (mph)Number Car Rigid Artic

SingleDecker Bus

DoubleDecker Bus

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

FREE SPEED SURVEY 2006

Site Information

Code

Location

Date

Target Sample Size

Actual Sample Size

Weather

Start Time

Finish Time

Speed Limit

Surveyed By

232006 SURVEY OF FREE SPEED (URBAN AND RURAL)

Page 26: Urban and Rural - rsa.ie Safety/Speed/RSA_Speeding_Survey_06.pdf · Residentialroads are roads which go through business, ... they are not always indicated by a speed limit sign.

Appendix 2:Free speeds (urban) survey locations

Table A5.2 - Urban arterial – 60 km/h speed limit zone

IDCODE ROUTE LOCAL DESCRIPTION

ART1 N/A Dublin Rock road north of St. Helens Road

ART4 N/A Dublin Chapelizod road at the sports grounds

ART6 N/A Dublin James Larkin road slightly off Watermill road

ART10 N/A Dublin Clonkeen road south of Beach Park Road

ART11 N/A Dublin Naas road midway between Club road and Turnpike road

ART13 N/A Dublin Finglas road after Ballybogan road and north of Slaney road

ART14 N/A Dublin N11 Belfield just south of Belfield flyover

ART15 N/A Dublin Malahide road slightly north of Greencastle road

Table A5.1 - Urban national – 50 km/h sign

IDCODE ROUTE LOCAL DESCRIPTION

NPU01 N17 Sligo At 50 km/h SL Curry – Southside

NPU02 N18 Galway At 50 km/h SL north side of Gort town

NPU03 N8 CorkAt Fitzpatrick’s Hotel, between the junctions of N8/R635 &N8/R639

NPU04 N3 MeathKells, on the east approach from Navan before the junction ofN3/R163

NPU05 N8 LaoisDurrow, at the north approach to Durrow, before the junction ofN8/R434

NSU01 N78 Kildare Athy, at the north-eastern approach from Kilcullen

NSU04 N71 Cork West of Bandon, between the junctions of N71/R603 & N71/R602

NSU05 N69 Limerick Tarbert on the N69, to the east of the junction of N69/N67

NSU07 N63 Galway At 50 km/h SL eastside of Moylough

24 2006 SURVEY OF FREE SPEED (URBAN AND RURAL)

Page 27: Urban and Rural - rsa.ie Safety/Speed/RSA_Speeding_Survey_06.pdf · Residentialroads are roads which go through business, ... they are not always indicated by a speed limit sign.

Table A5.4 Urban residential –50 km/h zone

IDCODE ROUTE LOCAL DESCRIPTION

RES01 N/A Dublin Brian Road Marino

RES02 N/A Dublin Broombridge Road

RES03 N/A Dublin Lorcan Avenue Santry, slightly to the west of Coolgariff road

RES04 N/A Dublin Brookwood Rise, between Gracefield and Rosemount Avenues

RES05 N/A Dublin Annamoe Road

RES06 N/A Dublin Glasilawn road, Griffith Avenue area

RES07 N/A Dublin Charlemont, at the missionary College

RES08 N/A Dublin Delwood road Blanchardstown, between Delwood walk and drive

RES11 N/A Dublin Abbey Park, just south of the Grange road

Table A5.3 Urban arterial – 50 km/h speed limit zone

IDCODE ROUTE LOCAL DESCRIPTION

ART2 N/A Dublin Morehampton road at Sachs Hotel

ART3 N/A Dublin Cabra road east of Annamoe road

ART5 N/A Dublin Templeogue road at Bushy Park

ART7 N/A Dublin N3 Navan road east of Kinvara avenue

ART8 N/A Dublin Dodder Park road north of Rathfarnham road

ART9 N/A Dublin Lower Kilmacud road near junction with Kilmacud road

252006 SURVEY OF FREE SPEED (URBAN AND RURAL)

Page 28: Urban and Rural - rsa.ie Safety/Speed/RSA_Speeding_Survey_06.pdf · Residentialroads are roads which go through business, ... they are not always indicated by a speed limit sign.

Appendix 3:Free speeds (rural) survey locations

Table A6.2 Dual carriageway

IDCODE ROUTE LOCAL DESCRIPTION

DCR01 N18 Clare 1 mile west of R463 Cratloe junction

DCR02 N03 Meath Close to Trim junction, R154

DCR03 N03 Meath Close to Trim junction, R154

DCR04 N03 Dublin 3 miles north of Clonsilla junction

DCR05 N11 Wicklow South of Newtownmountkennedy junction

DCR06 N18 Clare 2.5 miles east of R462 junction

DCR07 N18 Clare 1 mile west of R462 Cratloe junction

DCR08 N11 Wicklow South of Newtownmountkennedy junction

DCR09 N11 Wicklow Arklow by-pass

DCR10 N25 Cork Lower Glanmire road, Cork

Table A6.1 Motorway

IDCODE ROUTE LOCAL DESCRIPTION

Myr01 M04 Kildare Just south of Maynooth exit

Myr02 M07 Kildare 1 mile west of M9 interchange

Myr03 M01 Louth Just south of R170 Ardee junction

Myr04 M04 Kildare 1 mile south of Maynooth exit

Myr05 M07 Kildare 1 mile north of Naas/Allenwood junction

Myr06 M11 Dublin 1 mile south of roundabout at Shankill

Myr07 M07 Laois Portlaoise bypass

Myr08 M07 Laois Portlaoise bypass

Myr09 M01 Dublin Balbriggan bypass

Myr10 M01 Dublin Balbriggan bypass

26 2006 SURVEY OF FREE SPEED (URBAN AND RURAL)

Page 29: Urban and Rural - rsa.ie Safety/Speed/RSA_Speeding_Survey_06.pdf · Residentialroads are roads which go through business, ... they are not always indicated by a speed limit sign.

Table A6.4 National Secondary (2-Lane)

IDCODE ROUTE LOCAL DESCRIPTION

NSR01 N60 Mayo 2 miles west of Claremorris

NSR02 N84 Mayo Just north of Partry

NSR03 N67 Galway Kinvara to Kilcolgan

NSR04 N78 Kilkenny North of Castlecomer

NSR05 N58 Mayo Bellavary to Foxford

NSR06 N56 Donegal 2.5 miles south of Dunfanghy

NSR07 N60 Mayo 4 miles south of Castlebar

NSR08 N62 Tipperary 5 miles north of Templemore

NSR09 N59 Mayo 6 miles west of Newport

NSR10 N72 Kerry 3 miles east of N72/N22 junction near 4-arm junction

Table A6.3 National Primary (2-Lane)

IDCODE ROUTE LOCAL DESCRIPTION

NPR01 N25 Waterford 5 miles west of Dungarvan

NPR02 N08 Tipperary Between Horse & Jockey and Turnpike junctions

NPR03 N02 Monaghan 2 miles north of Carrickmacross

NPR04 N03 Cavan 2 miles south of Baeilieboro junction

NPR05 N04 Sligo 6 miles north of Boyle

NPR06 N22 Cork 1 mile east of R590/N22 junction

NPR07 N04 Leitrim Drumsna bypass

NPR08 N05 Longford 2 miles west of Longford

NPR09 N05 Mayo Swinford bypass

NPR10 N06 Offaly 1.5 miles west of Horseleap

272006 SURVEY OF FREE SPEED (URBAN AND RURAL)

Page 30: Urban and Rural - rsa.ie Safety/Speed/RSA_Speeding_Survey_06.pdf · Residentialroads are roads which go through business, ... they are not always indicated by a speed limit sign.

Table A6.6 Local road (2-Lane)

IDCODE ROUTE LOCAL DESCRIPTION

NNL01 LP3210 Galway 2.4 miles from R358 at Mountbellew to Ballyforan

NNL02 LP111 Kildare Timahoe to R402

NNL03 LP333 Kildare South east of Naas R410 to north N7

NNL04 LP999 Wicklow Between R760 and Sraghmore

NNL06 L41 Offaly Tullamore - Ballinagar,2km east of Tullamore

NNL08 L34 Cork Ballynoe to R627 Ballyknock

NNL09 L35 Cork North Midleton

NNL10 L7 Wexford Enniscorthy Road to Ferns

Table A6.5 Regional road (2-Lane)

IDCODE ROUTE LOCAL DESCRIPTION

NNR01 R352 Galway From R353 to Powers Cross

NNR03 R178 Louth Between Carrickmacross and Dundalk

NNR05 R515 TipperaryLattin, west of Tipperary town between Clashdrumsmith andShronell

NNR06 R438 Offaly 1 mile north of Taylor’s Cross

NNR07 R499 Tipperary East of Dolla & Silvermines

NNR08 R403 Kildare Allenwood side of Prosperous

NNR09 R629 Cork South of Midleton.

NNR10 R742 Wexford Wexford to Curracloe

28 2006 SURVEY OF FREE SPEED (URBAN AND RURAL)

Page 31: Urban and Rural - rsa.ie Safety/Speed/RSA_Speeding_Survey_06.pdf · Residentialroads are roads which go through business, ... they are not always indicated by a speed limit sign.
Page 32: Urban and Rural - rsa.ie Safety/Speed/RSA_Speeding_Survey_06.pdf · Residentialroads are roads which go through business, ... they are not always indicated by a speed limit sign.

Údarás Um Shábháilteacht Ar BhóithreRoad Safety Authority

Páirc Ghnó Ghleann na Muaidhe, Cnoc an tSabhaircín,Bóthar Bhaile Átha Cliath, Béal an Átha, Co. Mhaigh Eo.Moy Valley Business Park, Primrose Hill,Dublin Road, Ballina, Co. Mayo.

locall: 1890 50 60 80 fax: (096) 25 252email: [email protected] website: www.rsa.ie

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