Urban Body TU Delft Final Booklet

8/6/2019 Urban Body TU Delft Final Booklet

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/urban-body-tu-delft-final-booklet 1/63

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jlroc{ l`hfaycmoimp kt& _jm wkpkbcm bmàemp kfwkpkbcm&

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gar a}r lmfaf b}t yktj lf lctmrflwm ~}r~apm& Elhkfi wkpkbcm tjlt tjmrm kp l aftmpt gar

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flaf kp yjlt jl~~mfp yjmf ptrmmt lrt ar earm p~m`k` e}rlcp lrm pmmf b{ tjm ~}bck`# yjlt

hkfo ag l~~ra~rklaf jl~~mfp lfo jay oa okmrmft hkfo ag ptrmmt lrt lm`t tjm l~~ra~rkl%

af *yktja}t bmkfi pmmf kt kp ke~appkbcm ta omtmrekfm kg tjm yarh l`t}lcc{ mzkptp+&

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tjm wkp}lc ~}bck` p~l`m tjmrmb{ ~appkbc{ l`wlfi tjm wkmykfi ~}bck`# mfokfi ar rmptlrfi

yjmf kt kp rmeawmo ar rm%l~~ra~rkltmo& _a loormpp yjlt tjkp jlkf kp kt e}pt bm cmlr yjlt

tjm okmrmf`m kp bmtymmf garelc lfo tjm ckbmrlc wkp}lc aee}fk`laf&

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~rkelrkc{ ga`}pmo af tjm ca`lc aee}fkt{ yjkcm aeemr`klc lowmrpmemft kpf‛t kftmfomo

gar d}pt l pkficm ca`lc aee}fkt{&

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lcklp l`rapp l jkijyl{ awmr~lpp# ar }pmp kt{ ylccp lp l pa}fokfi balro gar tjmkr tja}ijtp

lfo kelimp % gar empplimp tjlt fmmo rmlcklaf# tjm{ lrm ~lr`k~lfi kf tjkp aee}fkt{&

_jm{ lrm kr`}ep`rkbkfi l ckfh ta mwmr{ atjmr ~mrpaf yja bmckmwmp tjlt tjm wktlckt{ ag a}r

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`rmlaf ag tjapm p~l`mp&― ?

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tme~fi ta aee}fk`ltm paemtjkfi ta tjm ca`lc aee}fkt{# yjmtjmr kt kp ta ~rawahm#

amfo# mftmrtlkf# kfp~krm mt`& B}t kp tjm lrpt kf àftrac ag jkp!jmr empplim# tjmrm kp fa yl{

ta aftrac jay tjm empplim kp ~mr`mkwmo& Afm lf afc{ lm`t tjm wkpkbkckt{ lfo tjm af`mkwm%

emft ag tjm yarh& Ya}co kt tjlf elmr kg tjm lrt kp garelc *yktj afpmft ag lf l}tjarkt{#

yjmtjmr kt kp tjm e}fk`k~lckt{ ar jaemayfmr+1 Ar tjlt kt kp ckbmrlc *kccmilcc{ l~~ckmo+1

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bmtymmf garelc ptrmmt lrt!e}rlcp lfo ckbmrlc ptrmmt lrt mwmf tja}ij ckbmrlc kp }p}lcc{ l }fkf%

tmfaflc acclbarlaf bmtymmf lrpt yktj pkekclr lfo okmrmft pt{cmp& Batj t{~mp kfwktm tjm

‚}pmr‛ ta kfwmpiltm tjm e}rlc& [mt gar ckbmrlc e}rlc tjm ‚}pmr‛ kp jlccmfimo ta kfwmpiltm

tjm yarh bmgarm afm lf mptlbckpj kt kp l e}rlc!lrt& Bm`l}pm ag tjkp acclbarlaf tjm gl`t

tjlt kt kp jlromr ta omfm ckbmrlc ptrmmt lrt kp ~rablbc{ p}bdm`t ta ~rmd}ok`m& L ckbmrlc e}rlc

amf jlp earm lfkt{ yktj irl ar tliikfi# lcpa bm`l}pm tlip }p}lcc{ p}rra}fo kt# tjmrmb{

grae lglr kt kp earm ckhmc{ ta bm ekptlhmf gar irl tjmf pelcc%p`lcm e}rlcp& Yjmrmlp garelce}rlcp amf lrm lf lme~t ta ylro a tliikfi# tjmrmgarm mlpkmr rmàifklbcm lp lrt&

Kf tjkp lpm tjm wkpkbkckt{ ag e}rlcp kp ke~artlft ta tjm ~appkbkckt{ ag kt bmkfi ~mr`mkwmo b{ tjm

‚}pmrp‛# kf atjmr yarop tjm irlokmft ag jkoomffmpp elhmp *grae l p}bdm`wm ~mrp~m`wm+ tjm

ar brlhmp l e}rlc# PKTM EL__MRP& Ya}co tjkp emlf tjlt tjm ~mr`m~af ag l garelc e}rlc

b{ afm kfokwko}lc ya}cof‛t jlfim yktj l okmrmft irlokmft ag jkoomffmpp1 Ya}co tjlt lcpa

ke~c{ tjlt tjkp irlokmft ag jkoomffmpp ya}cof‛t kf}mf`m tjm t{~m ag l~~ra~rklaf b{ l

kfokwko}lc ar ira}~ ylt`jkfi tjm e}rlc grae l glr ar capm b{1

Afm tjkfi tjlt kp mrtlkf tjlt ptrmmt lrt jlfimp tjm pa`klc ke~l`t ag l p~l`m# yjlt tjm }p%

mrp tjmf oa yktj tjlt jlfim ykcc lm`t tjm t{~m ag l~~ra~rklaf& Yjmtjmr kt kp ylt`jkfi!

~jatairl~jkfi *`rmlfi l hkfo ag e}pmlc p~l`m+ ar loekrkfi kt grae l glr *~appkbcm rmlfi

cmkp}rm p~l`m+ mwmr{ t{~m ag l~~ra~rklaf kp ~mr`mkwmo kf okmrmft yl{p b{ okmrmft ~ma~cm#

`l}pkfi kt ta jlwm okmrmft hkfop ag kf}mf`m af okmrmft ~ma~cm&

–Yjmtjmr tjm ptrmmt yarhp pmme }ta~klf ar lflr`jk`# liirmppkwm ar p{e~ltjm`# pt}ffkfic{

ymcc mzm`}tmo ar d}wmfkcm# arkikflc ar omrkwlwm# eapt ptrmmt lrptp pmrka}pc{ yarhkfi kf tjm

imfrm bmikf yktj l omm~ komf`laf lfo me~ltj{ yktj tjm kt{4 tjm{ lrm ae~mccmo ta

ptltm paemtjkfi kf lfo yktj tjm `kt{# yjmtjmr lp garep ag ~ratmpt# `rk|}m# kraf{# j}ear#

bml}t{# p}bwmrpkaf# cmwmr ~rlfh ar lcc ag tjm lbawm&― 0

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ag tjm pja~~kfi lrml# calokfi lrml gar pja~p# lodl`mft ta kffmr `lflc& mr`mkwmo4 |}ktm#

àee}flc# fmicm`t# ~cl`m ta brmltj&

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mf`capmo b{ mkijt ptar{ l~lrtemft ae~cmzmp& @rmlfi l elkf lzmp taylrop tjm Bcllh

ptlaf& mr`mkwmo4 ME^_[

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<=4=>4 Oamcptrllt# @rappkfi tjm rkwmr t}rfkfi rkijt ta tjm ~ack`m ptlaf& L wlpt arrkoar

yktja}t l`wkt{ kf tjm ~ckftj affm`fi faf%~cl`mp& mr`mkwmo4 me~t{# afg}pkaf ag

g}fàf# cl`t ag ckgm&

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grkmfoc{# capm kftmrlàf# trlf|}kc# }rka}p p}p~k`kaf&

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L`wm# aegartlbcm# Pjlccay# e}c`}ct}rlc# gmmckfi ag okp~cl`m&

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p`jaac p|}lrm& L pelcc p|}lrm gar ~cl{ira}fo }pm& mr`mkwmo4 @c}ptmr# capmo# gmmckfi ag bmkfi

abpmrwmo# }fymcàem&

<94?=4 Tllieacmfptrllt# Gaccaykfi tjm ptrmmt ta tjm mfo t}rfkfi rkijt mftmrkfi l b}p{

pja~~kfi ptrmmt& L pjlccay b}p{# bralo# jkij rj{tje pja~~kfi ptrmmt& mr`mkwmo4 Catp ag

rj{tjep# rayomo# fakp{# p~mmo# l p}oomf pmfpm ag ckgm&

<:4>>4 Blfà~cmkf4 @rappkfi tjm pja~~kfi ptrmmt hmm~ af iakfi ptrlkt mftmrkfi l pelcc

p|}lrm& Pelcc fmkijbarjaao p|}lrm# irmmf ca}fikfi ~cl`m kf pjlccay p}rra}fokfip&

^mr`mkwmo4 Ymcàekfi# ~ml`mg}c# bkrop&

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2>40>4 Bmripmcllf& Ylchkfi lcafi b}p{ ralo rkfiralo& mr`kmwmo4 Glf`{# pfab{# jkijmr

pa`kmtlc&

~RMPP AF B Az _A ~cL[


http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/urban-body-tu-delft-final-booklet 10/63 <>

^mora Raorki}mp

Oërkwm&

–_jm p}oomf jlfim ag lebklf`m kf l ptrmmt yktjkf tjm p~l`m ag l gmy emtmrp8 tjm mwkomft

okwkpkaf ag l kt{ kfta afmp ag okpf`t ~p{`jk` lteap~jmrmp8 tjm ~ltj ag cmlpt rmpkptlf`m

tjlt kp l}tael`lcc{ gaccaymo kf lkecmpp ptraccp *‧+8 tjm l~~mlckfi ar rm~mcckfi jlrl`tmr ag

`mrtlkf ~cl`mp ‟ tjmpm ~jmfaemfl lcc pmme ta bm fmicm`tmo& Kf lf{ lpm tjm{ lrm fmwmr

mfwkplimo lp om~mfokfi af l}pmp tjlt lf bm }fàwmrmo b{ lrmg}c lflc{pkp lfo t}rfmo ta

l`à}ft&―

I}{ Ombaro# Kftrao}àf ta l @rk|}m ag ]rblf Imairl~j{

Ym# Elfhkfo# ckwm yktjkf l –B}bbcm ag Ompkrm―& _jm ~rmpmft em kp bc}rrmo b{ tjm mz~m`%

tlf`{ ag tjm g}t}rm rmlcklafp# lp ym r}f tjra}ij l lrmg}cc{ ~clffmo ckpt ag –tjkfip {mt ta

bm l`jkmwmo kf e{ ckgm―& Grae abdm`wm ta abdm`wm# ialc%ta%ialc# ym rlyc kf a}r afptlftlckmflaf ag a}r ~j{pkacaik`lc rmlckt{& _jkp p}``mppkaf ag eaemftp lrm mppmflc mcmemft

gar l emlfkfig}c mzkptmf`m& Yktja}t tjme tjmrm kp fatjkfi& Kf gl`t# a}r ckgm# tjkp caàea%

wm# lffat pta~, _jlt ya}co bm ktp omltj& Pa ym hmm~ af lf`k~lfi –yjlt kp {mt ta bm

l`jkmwmo― hmm~kfi a}r ekfo *a}r bmkfi+ l~lrt grae yjmrm a}r bao{ *a}r pmfpmp+ rmelkfp&

P_A^ PMFPM YRK_M kt oayf

Kt kp fat yktja}t p`m~`kpe tjlt afm iamp kfta p}`j lf mz~mrkmf`m lp l Oërkwm# lfo K rmlckmo

tjlt tjkp kfklc afokaf ag oa}bt kp mppmflc gar l p}``mppg}c ork& _jm l`t ag `rappkfi kf l

–ptrlkijt ckfm― l rlfoae ~araf kt{ yjk`j olkc{ mz~mrkmf`mo b{ }p pmmep# lt rpt iclf`m#

l yartjcmpp lfo pkcc{ ~cl{g}c dahm& B}t kt kp d}pt kf tjm l`t ag oakfi kt# tjlt afm ~mr`mkwmp ktp mf%

rk`jkfi l~l`kt{& K emlf# mwmr{tjkfi ptlrtp ta elhm pmfpm lfo tjm okpbmckmg ptlrtp ta wlfkpj#

grae tjm eaemft {a} gar`m {a}rpmcg ta pta~ gar tjm rpt em&

_jm l`t ag4 caahkfi ta yjlt afm fmwmr ply# pemcckfi yjlt ylp fmwmr tjmrm# ta}`jkfi tjm

ra}ij lfo okrt{ ptafm# lf rl~koc{ bmàem l mztrmem l``}rltm taac ta *rpt+ okpàwmr lfo*tjmf+ omp`rkbm tjm }fomrc{kfi lebkmf`mp ag tjm }rblf rmlckt{ tjlt ym tmfo ta tjkfh tjlt kt

ylp lcyl{p tjmrm lfo ylp lcyl{p ckhm tjlt& _jm pmfpm ag ~rmok`tlbkckt{ lfo ptlbkckt{ ag tjkfip

ylchp yktj }p mwmr{ pkficm ol{&

Kf a}r lpm# ym jlo lf lookaflc tlph& Lp ym ymrm rappkfi tjm mftrm ag Ramrole kt

pmmemo tjlt tjmrm ylp fatjkfi tjmrm ta okpàwmr# pa ym gar`mo a}rpmcwmp ta kftmfpkg{ tjm

pmfpm ag okp~cl`m b{ ylchkfi lp lf lckmf tjra}ij tjm b}p{ ralop ag tjm –gl`m ag tjm kt{―&

_jkp cmo }p ta tmpg{ pmwmrlc –}rblf mfwkrafemftp― tjlt ym ylch tjra}ij kf a}r ork# lfo ta

ptltm4 Yjlt lf afm okpàwmr b{ bmjlwkfi kf lf }fmz~m`tmo yl{ kf tjm mftrm ag tjm kt{1

_jmrmgarm# Ym }pmo a}rpmcwmp# a}r baokmp# lp emlp}rkfi taacp gar tjm komf`laf ag tjm

pmfparklc lebkmf`m ag tjmpm ~cl`mp& Ym ~mr`mkwm okmrmft rj{tjep ag tjm kt{ lp batj l`t}lc

}pmp ag tjm ~}bck` p~l`m# d}pt b{ ylchkfi lfo ptlfokfi ckhm lf lckmf tjlt d}pt lrrkwmo af Mlrtj&

Kf tjm mfo tjm rmp}ct ylp l e}`j earm capm omp`rk~af ag tjm }rblfkt{ ag tjlt ~cl`mp tjlf

tjm afm ikwmf b{ ptlp`p ar pa`klc pt}okmp&


http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/urban-body-tu-delft-final-booklet 11/63 <<

Ikdp Brkèt

Oërkwm&

Bmgarm tjm ptlrt ag tjm Omrkwm K ylp |}ktm phm~`lc lba}t tjm ~}r~apm lfo a}tàem ag tjm

mz~mrkmf`m& Elkfc{ tjm pmfpkfi ag p~l`m# trlfpkafp lfo meaafp ylchkfi tjra}ij l `kt{

ymrm tjkfip tjlt K ylpf‛t l`wmc{ glekcklr yktj& Ylp K iakfi ta gmmc lf{tjkfi lfo jay ylp

K iakfi ta ~}t tjmpm gmmckfip lfo pmfplafp kfta yarop& Yjmf bmkfi }pmo ta wkmy tjkfip

lflc{`lcc{ kf l ~lfa~`lc yl{# tjmrmb{ tr{kfi ta wkmy tjm oltl!ear~jacai{!omeairl~jk`

kf tjm eapt abdm`wm yl{& Ykcc K bm lbcm ta ~mr`mkwm lfo rm`mkwm tjm ~ra`mppmp wkmy grae lf

ackia~`lc ~mr`m~wm1

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`mppmp lfo rj{tje‛p tlhmp ~cl`m& Gar em l wmr{ iaao ~cl`m ta ptlrt bm`l}pm tjm rj{tjep

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peaatj p}rgl`mp af lfo lra}fo tjm brkoim&

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%Baae~dmp& L trlfpkaf tjlt ylp wmr{ l~~lrmft yjk`j K okof‛t mz`m~t ag l `kt{ ckhm Ramr%

ole& _jkp p}oomf trlfpkaf trkiimrmo l rmlcklaf ag omtlkcmo pmfplaf& _jm pkt}laf kf

tjm |}kmt lrml elom em rmlckm tjlt kf aromr ta mz~mrkmf`m lfo ~mr`mkwm l trlfpkaf K ya}co

jlwm ta wmr{ afp`ka}pc{ ~mr`mkwm tjm p~l`mp# gar`m e{pmcg ta lce oayf lfo bmàem cmpp

bklp ag yjlt K ylp lba}t ta pmm!gmmc!jmlr mt`&

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tjm kt{ lrm wmr{ e}`j l ~lrt ag yjlt elhmp l }rblf mfwkrafemft& _jm mzmr`kpmp tl}ijt em

tjlt wkpkfi l ~cl`m af`m# tlhkfi paem ~k`t}rmp lfo g}rtjmr caahkfi lt tjm lrml tjra}ij oltl#

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ag tjm rmpmlr`j lrml&

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mf`m& Mwmf tja}ij lcc tjm abpmrwlafp ymrm p}bdm`wm lfo kf fa emlfp lbcm ta mz~clkf jay

tjmpm abpmrwlafp lem ta bm# ym lrm lbcm ta *part ag+ àfwm{ tjmpm abpmrwlaf tjra}ij

wkp}lc lfo l}oka ple~cmp&


http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/urban-body-tu-delft-final-booklet 12/63 <2

OMRKWM


http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/urban-body-tu-delft-final-booklet 13/63 <0


http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/urban-body-tu-delft-final-booklet 14/63 <?rmpkomftklc

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cafi tjm mfrm ra}tm# jkij af%

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kf tjm fartj lrt ag tjm omrkwm

l`kp& Jkij ae~l`t omfpkmp kf

tjm mftrm lfo pa}tjmrf lrml

ag tjm ra}tm&


http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/urban-body-tu-delft-final-booklet 15/63 <=rmpkomftklc àeemr`klc

@aeemr`klc ~rairle ca`ltmo

kf tjm kt{ mftrm lfo kf tjm

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omfpkt{ aeemr`klc }pm kf tjm

`kt{ mftrm lrml kf`c}okfi jkij

omfpkt{ tme~mrlc aeemr`klc

}pm&


http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/urban-body-tu-delft-final-booklet 16/63 <7rmpkomftklc àeemr`klc ag`mp

A`mp ~rairle ga`}pm kf tjm

`kt{ mftrm yktj jkij affm`%

wkt{&


http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/urban-body-tu-delft-final-booklet 17/63<9rmpkomftklc àeemr`klc ag`mp kfo}ptr{

Kfo}ptrklc ~rairle ca`ltmo

lcafi tjm jkijyl{ *iaao l`%`mpp lfo wkpkbkckt{+w


http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/urban-body-tu-delft-final-booklet 18/63<:rmpkomftklc àeemr`klc ag`mp kfo}ptr{ emmtkfi~akftp

A`mp ~rairle ga`}pm kf tjm

`kt{ mftrm yktj jkij affm`%wkt{&


http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/urban-body-tu-delft-final-booklet 19/63<;

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hkfo ag rj{tje ta tjm g}f`%

afp# yjk`j ekijt bm }pmg}cc

yjmf ae~lrkfi ta atjmr olt


http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/urban-body-tu-delft-final-booklet 20/632>

_jm pmàf ag tjm `kt{ ym l~razkemtc{ ylchmo tjra}ij# kfok`laf tjm okmrmft omfpkmp ym

mz~mrkmf`mo&


http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/urban-body-tu-delft-final-booklet 21/632<

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ag ~cl`m& Kf aa~mrlaf yktj tjm ~rairle# affm`wkt{ lfo tjm p~llc ae~apkaf# tjm gl`tar rmltm tjm ptl` lteap~jmrm

ag l ca`laf& _jmpm gl`tarp ikwm l ta~%oayf rm~rmpmftlaf ag tjm pkt}laf ag tjm ~cl`m# b}t lrm d}pt l grlàf ag jay l mr%

tlkf lteap~jmrm ag tjm ~cl`m kp `rmltmo& Atjmr ptl` gl`tar a}co kf`c}om gl`lom eltmrklcp# wmimtlaf mt`&

_jm lteap~jmrm ag l ~cl`m kp lcpa wmr{ em%p~l`m rmcltmo# yjlt jl~~mfp lt l mrtlkf em kf tjlt `mrtlkf ~cl`m# mktjmr gar

mzle~cm b{ ~ma~cm ar tjm mfwkrafemft *rlkf# p}f# ykfo# pmlpaf mt`&+ B}t tjmpm gl`tar lf‛t bm ~rmok`tmo# tjmrmgarm kf tjkp

emp~lf lrm fat ~appkbcm ta el~ *abdm`wmc{+&

Yjlt kf}mf`m oa tjm ptl` gl`tarp jlwm af l ca`laf1

% Rmpkomflc ~rairle4 L rmpkomflc ~rairle kf cay omfpkmp rmltmp ~rkwlplaf ag tjm ca`laf# tjmrmgarm wkpktarp bmàem afp~k`}a}p ~appkbc{ l tjrmlt ta tjm tmrrktar{

% @aeemr`klc ~rairle4 L aeemr`klc ~rairle mktjmr kf jkij ar cay omfpkmp elhmp wkpktarp bmàem lfaf{e}a}p# jlroc{ fa`lbcm gar kfjlbktlftp&

% Jkij Omfpkt{4 Jkij omfpkmp d}pt ckhm aeemr`klc ~rairle rmltm lfaf{ekt{

% Cay Kfàem4 L imfmrlc cay kfàem oampf8t kekokltc{ kf}mf`m tjm lteap~jmrm b}t oamp ~rawkom lf kfpkijt kf tjm ~appkbcm atmr pa`klc pkt}lafp ag tjm fmkijbarjaao&

% Jkij ]fme~ca{emft4 L jkij }fme~ca{emft

% âar @affm`wkt{4 âar affm`wkt{ om`rmlpmp tjm kftmfpkt{ ag }pm

% ^}bck`4 L ~}bck` ~cl`m a}co rmltm lfaf{ekt{ om~mfokfi af tjm kftmfpkt{ ag }pm&

% ^rkwltm4 L ~rkwltm ~cl`m amf elhmp l wkpktar bmàem afp~k`}a}p# tjmrmgarm lf lfaeac{ gar tjm kfjlbktlftp& appkbkc{ l tjrmlt ar lf ~mrpaf!tjkfi ag kftmrmpt&



?0

OL_L @AFGRAF_L_KAF



??

Omfpkt{4 ;&=>> ~!he2

Mtjfk`kt{4 9;- l}ta`jtjafa}p

]fme~ca{emft4 <&= -Plgmt{ kfo&4 =&<Okpt}rblf`m4 }fplgmPltkpgl`tkaf4 9:-

^rairle4 Elkfc{ rmpkomftklc

P~ltklc `jlrl`tmrkptk`4 ^momptrklf p`lcm emmtp jkij rkpm# `lflc#~rkwltm à}rt{lrop

P]^ÂPMO YJ[1

_mrymflhhmrP`jmm~pelhmrphlom

@AP[

OMFPK_[~!he2

M_JFK@K_[l}ta`jtjafa}p

]FME^CA[EMF_~mr`mftlim

PLGM_[kfomz

OKP_]RBLF@Mkfomz

G]F@_KAFLCwlrkmt{

M E ^ _ K F M P P O K P @ A F M F _ M Z @ C ] P K A F P a ` k l c

@ A F P ^ K @ ] K _ [ B m k f i y l t ` j m o

G M L R F _ M F P K _ [ a g ] p m

;&>>>~!he2

=2 -?&2- 9&9PLGM Eafag}f`tkaflc



?=




^rairle4 Elkfc{ rmpkomftklc

P~ltklc `jlrl`tmrkptk`4 baromrmo#rmpko}lc

P]^ÂPMO YJ[1

Fkm}yptrllt

GRMM

PM@]RM

2

k k

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OMFPK_[~!he2



PLGM_[kfomz

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G]F@_KAFLCwlrkmt{

M E ^ _ K F M P P O K P @ A F _ M F _ M Z @ C ] P K A F P a ` k l c


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?7




^rairle4 @aeemr`klc

P~ltklc `jlrl`tmrkptk`4 @awmrmo# ykom p~l`m#~}bck` l}oktark}e

P]^ÂPMO YJ[1

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DA[G]CC

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OMFPK_[~!he2



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2

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?9


Mtjfk`kt{4 9;- l}ta`jtjafa}p]fme~ca{emft4 <&= -Plgmt{ kfo&4 =&<Okpt}rblf`m4 }fplgmPltkpgl`tkaf4 9:-

^rairle4 @aeemr`klc

P~ltklc `jlrl`tmrkptk`4 A~mf baromr#pm`c}omo# flrray

P]^ÂPMO YJ[1

?m ymptmfylimfjag

\]KM_

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G]F@_KAFLCwlrkmt{



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;&>>>~!he2

=2 -?&2 9&9PLGM Eafag}f`tkaflc

k k

&GM k c

2

& !he2



?:




^rairle4 M~jmemrklc }pm

P~ltklc `jlrl`tmrkptk`4 Wlpt a~mf p~l`m# ~mremlbcm#

P]^ÂPMO YJ[1

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G M L R F _ M F P K _ [ a g ] p m

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?;


Mtjfk`kt{4 9;- l}ta`jtjafa}p]fme~ca{emft4 <&= -Plgmt{ kfo&4 =&<Okpt}rblf`m4 }fplgmPltkpgl`tkaf4 9:-

^rairle4 Ekzmo }pm

P~ltklc `jlrl`tmrkptk`4 `capmo# flrray#eaf}emftlc#emok}e p`lcm

P]^ÂPMO YJ[1

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CL@H AG CKGM

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=>

mfpkt{4 <7&0>> ~!he2

tjfk`kt{4 ?=- l}ta`jtjafa}pfme~ca{emft4 =&;-lgmt{ kfo&4 =&=kpt}rblf`m4 }fplgmltkpgl`tkaf4 7?-

rairle4 Rmpkomftklc

~ltklc `jlrl`tmrkptk`4 @awmrmo# kftmfpm pcay gc}z#

]^ÂPMO YJ[1

Faaro~cmkf

E]C_K@]C_]RLC

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=<

Omfpkt{4 <7&0>> ~!he2

Mtjfk`kt{4 ?=- l}ta`jtjafa}p]fme~ca{emft4 =&;-Plgmt{ kfo&4 =&=Okpt}rblf`m4 }fplgmPltkpgl`tkaf4 7?-

^rairle4 Rmpkomftklc

P~ltklc `jlrl`tmrkptk`4 Pjlccay#~mremlbcm baromr

P]^ÂPMO YJ[1

Brlfà~cmkf

YMC@AEEKFI

2

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G M L R F _ M F P K _ [ a g ] p m

;&>>~!he2


_jm l`t ag el~~kfi lf abdm`t# l b}kcokfi# l kt{ kp lcyl{p okrm`tc{ mfrk`jmo lfo om~cmtmo b{ tjm ~ra`mo}rm ktpmcg& Kf atjmr

yarop el~~kfi paemtjkfi kp lcyl{p lm`tmo b{ tjm l`t ag rmo}`kfi tjm rmlckt{ bm`l}pm tjm pke~cm l`t ag pmcm`fi tjm



=2

yarop# el~~kfi paemtjkfi kp lcyl{p lm`tmo b{ tjm l`t ag rmo}`kfi tjm rmlckt{# bm`l}pm tjm pke~cm l`t ag pmcm`fi tjm

~lrlemtmrp ta bm mz~carmo# tjm oltl pa}r`mp ta bm }pmo ar mwmf tjm p~m`kmo emlp}rkfi taacp lm`tp tjm yjacm ~ra`mo}rm

ag |}lf`laf& Pa tjkp kp tjm rpt ptltmemft ta bm l`|}lkftmo4 El~~kfi kp pmcm`wm lfo oamp fat g}cc{ omp`rkbm tjm pt}okmo

rmlckt{&

Lp tjkp rmo}àf kp kfmwktlbc{# kt kp mppmflc ta a}ftmrblclf`m kt yktj lf mz~mrkmf`m ag tjm abdm`t ktpmcg& Pa kg afm kp el~~kfi l

b}kcokfi jm pja}co }pm kt lp l aeeaf farelc ag kt# lfo kg afm kp pt}o{kfi l kt{# jm pja}co ylch lfo ta}`j kt yktj jkp ayf gmmt

lfo jlfop& _jmrmgarm ym lpp}em tjlt kt ya}co bm mppmflc o}rkfi tjkp yarhpja~ ta lcyl{p brkfi }~ taimtjmr batj el~ lfo

mz~mrkmf`m ag tjm ~cl`m# lp mppmflc omp`rk~wm mcmemftp ag tjm }rblfkt{ ag ml`j ~araf ag tjm kt{&

Kf tjm afm jlfo ym jlwm tjm |}lflbcm el~~kfi cmo b{ ptlp`p lfo e}fk`k~lckt{ oltl lfo kf tjm atjmr jlfo ym }fwmkc tjm

ke~artlf`m ag tjm |}lcklbcm lp~m`t ag a}r ayf pmfparklc mz~mrkmf`mp ag tjm ~cl`m& _jm p}~mr~apkaf lfo afgraftlaf ag

batj l~~ral`jmp kp YJL_ okekfkpjmp tjm rmo}`wm lfo lckmfltmo afokaf ag tjm aeeaf el~~kfi ~ra`mo}rm&



=0

KFP_LccL_KAF

Yjkcm mz~mrkmf`kfi tjm meaafp ag tjm Omrkwm ym gmct lf aftrlokàf# yjkcm eawkfi

tjra}ij lf ~}bck` ~cl`m tjm earm ~}bck` kt iat tjm earm lfaf{ea}p ym bm`lem _jm plem



=?

tjra}ij lf ~}bck` ~cl`m# tjm earm ~}bck` kt iat# tjm earm lfaf{ea}p ym bm`lem& _jm plem

taah ~cl`m kp ~rkwltm p~l`mp# mz`m~t tjm earm ~rkwltm kt iat# tjm earm afp~k`}a}p ym bm%

`lem& _jkp ~jmfaemfaf ilwm }p tjm koml ag bmkfi wa{m}rp kf tjm pmàf ag tjm kt{# fmwmr

rmlcc{ bmkfi ~lrt ag tjm p~l`m& Mktjmr l}pmo b{ bmkfi garmkif ta tjm p~l`m lfo kt }pmrp ar

bm`l}pm ym ymrm abpmrwkfi tjm p~l`m lfo fat l`wmc{ ~lr`k~lfi *mz`m~t tjlt bmkfi tjmrm

kp lcpa l gare ag ~lr`k~lfi pkf`m a}r ~rmpmf`m ylp mm`fi tjm p~l`m+&

_jm tjmar{ ag tjm kfptlcclaf kp tjm mz~mrkmf`m tjm kt{ lp lf wa{m}r# lp ym‛wm bmmf o}rkfi

tjm Omrkwm& Pmmkfi ~lrt ag tjm kt{ lfo wkmykfi tjme kf l wmr{ pjart em ykfoay tjmrmb{

pjaykfi d}pt l grlàf ag tjm gmmckfi tjm okmrmft p~l`mp jlo ta amr&

_jra}ij tjm gl`lom tjm wkmymr ag tjm kfptlcclaf lf fo a}t ta~%oayf kfgarelaf lba}t

tjm trlfpkaf taimtjmr yktj tjm oltl àfgraftlaf oklirle ta kfok`ltm a}r rlfim ag mea%

afp ym mz~mrkmf`mo& _jm wkmymr lf omwmca~ tjra}ij tjm rmlokfi lfo lflc{pkfi ag tjmgl`lom l ~rmd}ok`m ag yjlt jm!pjm ekijt mz~mrkmf`m kp tjm p~l`mp tjmepmcwmp# tjmrmb{ tmpt%

kfi tjmkr ‚tjmar{‛ lba}t tjm ~appkbcm kftmrkar&

B{ caahkfi kfpkom tjm jlebmrp tjm wkmymr bmàemp l wa{m}r# tmpfi tjm ta~%oayf oltl

yktj a}r rm%~rmpmftlaf ag a}r p}bdm`wm kftmr~rmtlaf&

kfok`ltar ag –lfafkea}p wp afp~kà}p― ar –~}b%

ck` wp ~rkwltm―

kfok`ltar ag –lfafkea}p wp afp~kà}p― ar –~}b%

ck` wp ~rkwltm―

~mm~jacm

ckijtjacm

Abdm`tkwml`lomatjmkfptlccltkaf

Oltl afgraftlaf4 ae~lrkfi tjm abdm`wm

oltl# p~llc ae~apkaf lfo ‚kelim ag tjm `kt{‛

yktj tjm p}bdm`wm kftmr~rmtlkaf &

abdm`wm rm~rmpmftlaf ag l pmàf ag tjm kt{

B{ caahkfi kfpkom tjm jlebmrp tjm wkmymr bmàemp l wa{m}r# tmpfi

tjm ta~%oayf oltl yktj a}r rm%~rmpmftlaf ag a}r p}bdm`wm kftmr~rm%



==

P}bdm`tkwmkftmrkaratjmkfptlccltkaf

Baae%}~ wkmykfi ag tjm jkij kftmfpm lrml lr%

ra}fo tjm mrlpe}pbrkoim# lfo lbptrlt rm%~rmpmf%

tlaf ag tjm afg}pkaf# rj{tjep lfo lcefmp

mz~mrkmf`mo

M{mp rm%~rmpmffi tjm oaekflft gmmckfi ag bmkfi

ylt`jmo lt ~rkwltm lrmlp tjra}ija}t tjm Omrkwm

Afm ckfm ag ckijt# rm~rmpmffi tjm me~fmpp

mz~mrkmf`mo kf paem ag tjm ca`lafp kf tjm kt{

`mftrm&

E}pk` grliemftp lfo }ct}rlc acclim& @rmlfi

tjm pmfi gar l ymcàekfi e}c`}ct}rlc ~}bck`

p~l`m&

tjm ta~ oayf oltl yktj a}r rm ~rmpmftlaf ag a}r p}bdm`wm kftmr~rm

tlaf&

_jm rm%~rmpmftlaf lrmlp lrm emlft ta trkiimr lf lteap~jmrm tjlt ym

~mr`kmwmo yjmf eawkfi tjra}ij tjm p~l`mp# mktjmr trja}ij e}pk`# rm%

o}`kfi tjm mz~mrkm`m ta l pkficm grlem# l acclim ag tjm p`mfm ar eawkm

lba}t tjm mz~mrkemftlaf ym oko o}rkfi tjm omrkwm&

Bmpkomp rm%~rmpmffi a}r meaafp!mz~mrkmf`mp kf tjm kftmrkar tjm

kfptlcclaf kp tr{kfi ta aee}fk`ltm lt tjm mz~mrkmf`mp ag tya ar earm

~ma~cm lf fmwmr bm mz`ltmc{ tjm plem& Mwmf yktj lcc tjm oltl rmpmlr`j#

p~llc jlrltlrkptlkaf ag tjm okmrmft p~l`mp lfo àccm`wm kftmr~rmtl%

af ag tjm p}bdm`wm lfo abdm`wm oltl& _jmrm kp fa yl{ tjlt ym lf

~rmomtmrkem jay l ~mrpaf ya}co gmmc lba}t a}r rm%~rmpmftlaf yjmfbmàekfi l wa{m}r&

_jm gl`lom *abdm`wm+ lf rmltm l imfmrlc afpmfp}p lba}t tjm pmàf

ag tjm kt{# tjm oltl kp kftmr~rmtmo kf l lflc{`lc emlfp *ja~mg}cc{+ lp

abdm`wm lp ~appkbcm& B}t yjmf cahhkfi kfpkom tjm p}bdm`wm kp trkiimro#

~mr`kmwkfi tjm jlebmr yktj ~lpt mz~mrkmf`mp *}~brkfikfi# r}rlc ar kt{

ckwkfi# mt`+& _jmrmgarm yjmf tr{kfi ta mz~clkf yj{ l p}rtlkf p~l`m kp l`%

wlfi l p~m`k` pmt ag meaafp afm jlp ta kfàr~arltm tjm mz~mrkmf`mp

ag tjm flrrltarp&



=7

P}bdm`tkwmkftmrkaratjmkfptlccltkaf

Eawkm rm~rmpmffi tjm p}bdm`wm mz~mrkmf`mo}rkfi tjm mz~mrkemftlaf ~radm`t& Pjaykfi tjm

meaafp lfo

@acclim ag tjm wkoma grliemft& Lf aco bmf ylpj%

kfi jkp balt& Rm%~rmpmffi tjm p}oomf okmr%

mf`m kf rj{tje# grae jkij kftmfpkt{ *tjm raae

lbawm+ ta |}kmt lfo ~ml`mg}ccfmpp

@jkcomrmf grae l glr lfo abpmrwmrp capm b{ ar

wkpm wmrpl& Pjaykfi tjm ~ratm`wm wp tjm kfwkfi

flt}rm ag ~rkwltm ~}bck` p~l`m

@acar acclim yktj bki%blfo e}pk`& Rm%~rmpmffi

tjm da{g}cc `rayomo lfo àee}flc gmmckfi `rm%

ltmo b{ e}pk` kf tjm wmr{ ~}bck` ~cl`m

_jm mzkbkaf ylp tjm bki tmpt kg ~ma~cm ya}co }fomrptlfo yjlt ym ymrm tr{kfi ta aee}%



=9

@acclimakfptlccltkafol{

fk`ltm yktj a}r kfptlcclaf& _jkp ~rawmo ta bm |}ktm ok`}ct# yktja}t lf mz~cmflaf ~ma~cm

a}tpkom ag tjm }rblf bao{ a}rpm okof‛t }fomrptlfo yjlt ta kfptlcclaf lfo tjm kftmrflc rm%

~rmpmftlaf ymrm lba}t& Yjk`j lt rpt ylp jlro ta }fomrptlfo# tjm rm~rmpmftlafp ymrm

lp pke~cm lp ~appkbcm lfo tjm mztmrflc oltl p~ahm gar ktpmcg&

Cltmr ym rmlckmo tjlt kt ~ra~lbc{ ylpf‛t lcc `l}pmo b{ jay ym ~rmpmftmo tjm kfptlcclaf b}t

tjlt kp lcpa lba}t jm ekfopmt ag tjm ~ma~cm ~mr`kmwkfi tjm kftmrkar lfo mztmrkar& _jm pt}omft

ag tjm }rblf bao{ a}rpm yarhmo gar ymmhp af bmàem pmfpkbcm ta tjmkr yl{ ag ~mr`kmkfi

p~l`m lfo tjm gmmckfip l`wltmo b{ p~l`m& yjk`j emlfp tjlt ~appkbcm ym‛wm lcc bm`lem

earm pmpm~tlbcm ta trlfpkaf lfo tjm p}bdm`wm kftmr~rmtlaf ag p~l`m&



=:

GRMP@A RMEAWLc

_jra}ija}t tjm ymmh tjlt ym ymrm yarhkfi kf aartimba}y paemtjkfi lem ta a}r ekfop

b{ tjm p}btcm yarop ag Olfkmcm4



=;

_jm eapt ke~artlft tjkfi kf tjm Grmpà Rmeawlc kp fat tjm grmpàp tjme%

pmcwmp# b}t tjm okp`}ppkaf tjlt tjkp accm`wm tlph lccayp ta jlwm&

Ckhm tjm b}pkfmppemf tjlt Olfkmcm iltjmr lra}fo l tlbcm ta elhm paem ~lptl kf Ktlc{# lcpa

a}r ira}~ ylp ~}pjmo ta tlch lfo rmm`t lba}t l okemfpkaf ag tjm kt{ tjlt kp fat }p}lcc{

okp`}ppmo leafi lr`jktm`t}rm pt}omftp# yjkcm –blhkfi― paem irl‛p gar cafi ptlfokfi kf

tjm ylccp ag âartimba}y&

Om~lrfi grae tjkp accm`wm pmfpm ag l~~razkelaf# ym ptlrtmo ta okp`}pp leafi }p af%

`m~tp lp Emear{ lfo P mfpm ag bmcafikfi kf tjm ~rmpmft afi}rlaf ag a}r }rblf pa`kmt{#

lfo ta rmm`t lba}t tjm ke~artlf`m ag mz~rmppkaf ag kfokwko}lc *ar ira}~+ a~kfkafp kf tjm~}bck` p~l`m&

_jkp rmmàf ymft glr bm{afo tjm pke~cm abdmàf ta tliikfi kf tjm ~}bck` p~l`m ar ta tjm

okp`}ppkaf ag jay irl lf r}kf tjm bml}`laf ag tjm kt{& Kf gl`t ml`j afm ag tjm ~mr%

pafp ag tjm ira}~# mfo }~ ta mz~rmpp tjmkr a~kfkaf lba}t –tjm ke~artlf`m ~}bck` wak`m― kf

faylol{p kmp& _jm kftmrmpt ag lcc tjm lfpymrp ylp kf tjm }ct}rlcc{ blpmo a~kfkaf ag ml`j

afm ag }p# lfo lp ym jlo ~ma~cm grae *lceapt+ lcc lra}fo tjm yarco# kt lccaymo }p ta jlwm l

bralo p~m`tr}e ag jay tjkp ~rabcme kp pmmf lra}fo tjm icabm&

^mora Raorki}mp

Grmpà Rmeawlc *yarhpja~ RaatmroleQâartmimba}y 2><<+

p~l`m# lfo tjlt tjm{ oa fat oa earm tjlf trlfpekfi l pmfpm a kfpm`}rkt{ lfo wkacmf`m ta

tjm kt{& Af tjm atjmr jlfo# kelikfm {a}rpmcg ckwkfi ckhm clb rlt kfpkom l tmpt t}bm& Mwmr{tjkfi



7>

@RLWKFI emearkmp af em

<Q _jm pmfpm ag a}r em# ZZK mft}r{# kp b{ }p }p}lcc{ fat okp`}ppmo# fat ~mr`mkwmo ar mwmf

fmicm`tmo& Ym lrm afptlftc{ r}pjkfi }p ta l`jkmwm paemtjkfi g}rtjmr lyl{ grae yjlt ym

lrm ckwkfi kf tjm ~rmpmft eaemft& _jm –fmy brmmo― ag j}elf bmkfip lrm lbparbmo yktjkf l

p`mflrka ag p~mmo lfo liktlaf yjmrm tjm ~mr`m~af ag _kem pjrkfhp cc l ptltm ag m~jme%

mrlckt{ lfo waclckt{& Elf{ pl{ tjlt tjkp kp o}m ta tjm mlimr afp}emrkpe lfo kfokwko}lckt{ ag

pa`kmt{# b}t K tjkfh tjlt elkfc{ Elf capt jkp flt}rlc l~l`kt{ ag rmàifkkfi jkepmcg kf p~l`m

lfo em# lfo Jm ylfomrp lra}fo ckhm l ckcm lft tr{ ta fo jkp ~cl`m af tjm clrimr ira}~

`jlkf& Oa ym mwmr ~}pj tjm pta~ b}af kf aromr ta pmfpm yjlt p}rra}fo }p1 Oa ym tlhm tjm

em ta d}pt alt lt tjm emr`{ ag a}r ckwkfi mfwkrafemft wkbrlafp1 Oko {a} mwmr rapp l

~araf ag {a}r ayf kt{ yktj fa p~m`k` ~}r~apm bmpkomp tjm afc{ abdm`wm ag gmmckfi kt1 Koko kt lfo K rmàeemfo kt&

Ym lrm taa b}p{ yarhkfi ol{ lmr ol{ ta b}{ tjlt kf`rmokbcm lr ar tjlt mfarea}p elfpkaf&

Ym lrm taa lckmfltmo yktj tjm mr`m ompkrm ta bmàem lf lelkfi lr`jktm`t tjlt ym oaf‛t

lccay a}rpmcwmp ta pcay oayf tjm }fpta~~lbcm trlkf ag ra}fm& }pjkfi afmpmcg ta r{ptlc%

ckm pelcc eaemftp!~mr`m~afp af em lfo ptarm tjme af tjmkr ~ra~mr pjmcwmp# kt kp lf

mppmflc ~lrt ag mzkptmf`m& _jkp kp gar em tjm afc{ yl{ ta rmàifkm# }fomrptlfo# lfo l``m~t

afmpmcg kf jkp –flt}rlc― mfwkrafemft& El{bm# kf tjm mfo# EMEAR[ kp mwmf ag irmltmr ke~ar%

tlf`m tjlf tjm l`t ag ckwkfi ktpmcg&

2QKftlfikbcm Jmrktlim4

–*‧+ ~rl``mp# rm~rmpmftlafp# mz~rmppkafp# hfaycmoim# phkccp *‧+ tjlt àee}fkmp# ira}~p

lfo# kf paem lpmp# kfokwko}lcp rmàifkm lp ~lrt ag tjmkr }ct}rlc jmrktlim& *‧+ trlfpekt%

tmo grae imfmrlaf ta imfmrlaf# kp afptlftc{ rm`rmltmo b{ aee}fkmp lfo ira}~p kf

rmp~afpm ta tjmkr mfwkrafemft# tjmkr kftmrlàf yktj flt}rm lfo tjmkr jkptar{# lfo ~rawkomp

tjme yktj l pmfpm ag komft{ lfo aff}kt{# tj}p ~raeafi rmp~m`t gar }ct}rlc okwmrpkt{lfo j}elf `rmlwkt{&―

2>>0 @afwmfaf gar tjm Plgmi}lrokfi ag tjm Kftlfikbcm @}ct}rlc Jmrktlim

L~lrt grae mptlbckpjmo omfkafp# afm pja}co hfay tjlt kp l mppmflc jlrl`tmrkp` ag tjm

kftlfikbcm jmrktlim tjm ke~appkbkckt{ ta bm ~rmpmrwmo tjra}ija}t tjm jmlwkfmpp lfo o}rlbkc%

kt{ ag ptafm& Kt kp fat l ~j{pk`lc mcmemft fmktjmr l b}kcokfi# lfo kt kp p}p~mfomo yktjkf tjm

hfaycmoim ag ~ma~cm ag l p~m`k` em& Rmp}ct ag l àee}flc rmàifkaf# tjkp jmrktlim kp l

grlikcm jlkf lp kt kp mlpkc{ brahmf o}m ta ktp p}barokflaf ta pa`kacaik`lc jlfim# màfaek%

`lc }`t}laf ar mwmf ~ack`lc ~rmpp}rm&

Irl‛p lrm# yktja}t lf{ oa}bt# l mftrlc ~lrt ag a}r aftme~arlr{ Kftlfikbcm jmrktlim&

_jm{ rm~rmpmft tja}ijtp# gr}ptrlafp# gmmckfip af tjm ylcc& M~jmemrlc lfo {`ck`lc# tjm{

tr}c{ mz~rmpp l ~lrt ag tjm pa`klc p~m`tr}e ag a}r em# lp tjm{ aem lfo ia l`àrokfic{ ta

tjm ~mr`m~af ag rmlckt{ ag ktp l}tjar& _jmrmgarm# lp tjm{ lrm ca`ltmo af em lfo p~l`m#

tjm{ lrm lbcm ta àfptr}`t tjm pjmcwmp gar emearkmp tjra}ij tjm r{ptlccklaf ag tja}ijtp

kf ktp m~jmemrlc p~le ag mzkptmf`m& _jkp lpp}rmp g}t}rm rmlomrp lf a~~art}fkt{ ta okwliltm#

rmemebmr# okp`}pp lba}t l p~m`k` p}bdm`t kf tjm ~lpt# lfo# earmawmr# tjm jlf`m ta tlhm

~lrt kf g}t}rm kftmrwmfafp& Irl kp# kf e{ a~kfkaf# l ~atmflc ~lcke~pmpt gar ~}bck` kftmr%

wmfaf&

_jkp –tja}ijtp af tjm ylccp― *l bki ~lrt ag tjm awmrlcc p~m`tr}e ag irl+ mzkpt yktj tjm g}f%

olemftlc abdm`wm ag kftmrl`fi yktj tjm rmlomr# ag ptrkhkfi tjm l}okmf`m& _jmrmgarm# tjmpm

tja}ijtp lrm fat emlft ta bm hm~t kf tjm lpm~` mfwkrafemft ag l e}pm}e lp lf mcmwltmo

lrtyarh& _jm{ lrm grae tjm kt{& _jm{ ylch lcafi yktj ~ma~cm kf tjm ~lwmemft tr{kfi ta

okwmrimo tjme grae tjm kf`mpplft ~aymr ag tjmkr t}b}clr ckwmp&

Afm lf pl{ tjlt irl‛p lrm afm ag tjm bki rmp~afpkbcm gar tjm kfplfkt{ kf faylol{p ~}bck`

ya}co bm olkc{ ptmrkckmo lfo l`àrokfi ta tjm mzl`tfmpp ag p`kmf`m clyp# {a} ya}co bm gmo kf

p`lr`m lea}ftp ag jl~~kfmpp ~kccp& _jkp kp gar em tjm ckelz ag tjkp hkfo ag ~ack`kmp ag j{%

ikmfm& Oko {a} mwmr kelikfm jay tmrrkbcm ya}co l kt{ bm yktja}t trlfpirmppkaf1

@kmp yjmrm fmwmr emlft ta bm ptmrkcm lfo jlwm lcc tjmkr arfmrp yrl~~mo kf ~ratm`fi ~clp%

` cl{mrp& Pkf`m emokmwlc lim tjlt bki }rblf liicaemrlafp lrm komfmo yktj tjm af`m~t

ag omfpkt{# afg}pkaf# aftrlokàf# kfplfkt{# lfo ke~}rkt{& Pa yj{ kp Elf lcyl{p tr{kfi

ta l`jkmwm paemtjkfi mcpm1 K tjkfh tjlt tjkp okpplpglàf lp ta o}m yktj tjm kifarlf`m ag

jkepmcg& Ym tmfo ta garimt tjlt ke~}rkt{ lfo ke~mrgmàf mfp}rmp }p tjm ~appkbkckt{ ag rmlt%

kfi l kffltm ckwkfi ~cl`m lfo l`àeeaoltm a}rpmcwmp kf bmtymmf tjm trl`mp ag lebki}kt{# kf

atjmr yarop# Elf ~rawmo ta ckwm bmmr p}rra}fomo b{ –me~t{ lfwlp― tjlt Jm lf l~~ra%

~rkltm& @lf l ylcc g}cc tjkp ~}r~apm1 K tjkfh kt lf&

_jkp ptltmemft oamp fat tmfo ta pl{ tjlt Irl‛p lrm tjm g}t}rm ag ~}bck` p~l`m bml}`l%

af b}t# {mt# tjlt tjm{ lrm l cmlr taac gar tjm kftmrrailaf ag tjkp }~àekfi lpm~` yarco

yjmrm mwmr{tjkfi kp emlft ta bm rmi}cltmo lfo emlp}rlbcm& Ym pja}co fay ylch grae

rlaflckt{ ta gmmckfi mz~rmppkaf&

0QE{ ~mrpaflc mz~mrkmf`m kf Irl ~lkffi kp ae~cmtmc{ kfmzkptmft& K jlwm fmwmr ~lkftmo

l ylcc fmktjmr K ylp kfwacwmo kf l pa`klc mfwkrafemft yjmrm p}`j ~rl``m ya}co bm àe%

eaf& Lctja}ij K rmàifkm kt lp –~aymrg}c yml~af― ag ~}bck` mz~rmppkaf lfo afm ag tjm

elf{ yl{p ag p~rmlokfi {a}r tja}ijtp ta l bralo f}ebmr ag ~ma~cm& K a}co p~m`}cltm

lba}t yjlt ya}co K yrktm kf l ylcc kg K ya}co jlwm tjlt jlf`m& K oaf‛t ckhm p~m`}claf& K ~rm%

gmr rmlc gmmckfi& Pa lf lflcai{ yktj e{ ayf ckgm mz~mrkmf`m kp e}`j earm l``}rltm&

K jlwm bmmf affm`tmo ta e}pk` pkf`m lf mlrc{ lfo ym *e{ blfo+ ymrm lcyl{p eawmo b{ tjm

~aymr ag yarop kf pafip& C{rk`p lrm mppmflc kf e}pk`& Kf gl`t# K lf jlroc{ pmm emcao{ lfo

rj{tje yktja}t yarop# pmftmf`mp# wmrpmp# ~amep tjlt elhm tjm awmrlcc empplim }celtmc{

àe~cmtm& B}t yjlt oamp tjkp lp ta o}m yktj Irl1 Mwmr{tjkfi K i}mpp&

E}pk` lfo irl lrm batj mz~rmppkafp ag lf kffmr krrlaflc p~jmrm& Batj ag tjme lrm fat

hm~t ta jkp l}tjar# b}t {mt# tjm{ lrm emlft ta bm p~rmlo leafi tjm l}okmf`m# l~~rm`kltmo#

cawmo# jltmo& _jm{ yarh b{ emlfp ag rm~maf# mktjmr tjra}ij c{rk`p ar b{ ~lkffi tjm

plem empplim kf okmrmft ylccp& Lfo# Kt kp gar p}rm# l pkekclr gmlr tjm afm tjlt afm gmmcp

yjmf jm kp iakfi af l ptlim lfo tjm lormflckfm ag ~lkffi l ylcc&

Kf tjm mfo# yjlt rmelkfp kp tjm gmmckfi ag pmcg%rmlcklaf ag tjm l}tjar& D}pt tjkfhkfi tjlt

el{bm paemafm kf tjm yarco rm`mkwmo lfo ~ra`mppmo {a}r empplim lfo tjlt kt àftrkb}tmp

gar jkp ~mr`m~af ag rmlckt{# kt kp lcrmlo{ mfa}ij& Fabao{ tjkfhp tjlt tjm{ lf `jlfim tjm

yarco b{ ~lkffi l ylcc a}r ~cl{kfi l pafi# b}t gar p}rm ym aftrkb}tm gar tjm ~rmpmrwlaf

lfo mfjlf`kfi ag tjkp kf`mpplft jlkf ag }f~mr`mkwlbcm }ct}rm& _jlt kftlfikbcm }ct}rlc jmrk%

tlim# MA^CM tjmepmcwmp# rmwmlcp e}`j earm lba}t tjm yarco tjlf lr`jktm`t}rm ar tm`jfac%

ai{&

Mppl{4 Lflr`j%m|}mm!Grmpà Rmeawlc yarhpja~

Olfkmcm ^lrka ^mrrl



7<

–^rmpmrwkfi tjm ca`lc Lflr`j{―

Ikdp Brkèt

_ya eaftjp lia K ylp lf }flylrm kfjlbktlft ag tjm kt{# fmwmr ~lr`k~lfi ar mwmf abpmrw%

kfi tjm *kfàfp~k`}a}p+ p~aftlfma}p aee}fk`laf ag tjm ~}bck` p~l`m& Plt}rltmo yktj tjm

awmrhkcc ag tlip lfo irl kf tjm ptrmmtp tjlt tjm pelcc impt}rmp ag ~ratmpt# lmptjm`p# cawm

ar dahmp ia }ffa`mo& _jmrmb{ bmkfi l ekfocmpp ~lr`k~lft kf tjm ~}bck` mfwkrafemft# afc{

i}komo b{ tjm garelc aee}fk`laf ag tjm e}fk`k~lckt{ ta rml`j okmrmft ompflafp&

Yktjkf tjm ~lpt tya eaftjp ym‛wm bmmf jlccmfimo ta ptm~ a}t ag ‚tjm lccmiar{ ag tjm lwm‛

lfo abpmrwm tjm kfàfp~k`}a}p# mz~carkfi tjm kt{# pmmkfi tjm pelcc omtlkcp ag p~aftlfma}p

àee}fk`laf&

O}rkfi tjm ~ra`mpp ag abpmrwlaf# fokfi# pmmkfi lfo rmlokfi yjmrm tjm rpt elkf ab% dm`wmp& Fa`kfi clrim wlrkmmp ag tmzt b{ tjm plem lrpt lp Clpmr0&<? kf Leptmrole#

àeemffi af ca`lc mwmftp# dahkfi lba}t p~llc eltmrp ar ~ratmpfi lilkfpt ~ack`lc

`jlfimp# b}t fmwmr hfaykfi yja ar yj{ tjm lrpt ~rawkomo tjkp p~aftlfma}p aee}fk`l%

af& Cltmr rmlckkfi tjm ke~artlf`m ag paem ag tjm empplimp lfo tjm ~ma~cm *ar yjlt tjm{

rm~rmpmft*mo++ bmjkfo paem ag tjkp t{~m ag àee}fk`laf& Kf p~m`k` tjm ke~artlf`m ag l

wmr{ pke~cm p{ebac8 tjm kr`cm L& mp~m`klcc{ yjlt kt rm~rmpmft ca`lcc{ kf tjm Fmtjmrclfop&

Pmmkfi tjm L ag Lflr`j{ eapt ~ma~cm pmm tjm fmilwm jlro%àrm omeafptrltarp# rmbmcckaf

lilkfpt lcc tjlt kp garelc# ~}fh ra`h# wkacmft mwl`}laf ag p|}lmrp mt`& B}t yjlt oa tjmpm

p|}lmrp rm~rmpmft bmpkomp lcc tjm rmwact# rmbmcckaf lfo ~}fh ra`h& Yjlt empplimp oa tjm{

pmfo b{ p|}lfi ta tjm ca`lc aee}fkt{ lfo ta tjm l}tjarkt{1

_jm p|}lfi cly kf tjm Fmtjmrclfop ylp lcyl{p mzle~cmflr{ pjaykfi atjmrp a}ftrkmp

l wmr{ pa`klckpt wkmy af tjm grmm a``}~laf ag me~t{ b}kcokfip& Kf tjm ‛7> lfo ‛9> tjmrm

ylp l cat ag wl`lf`{ kf lfo lra}fo tjm `kt{ mftrmp# bloc{ elkftlkfmo ja}pkfi tjlt ylp ta

mz~lfpkwm ta rmb}kco ar rmomwmca~ ar ylkfi gar fmy ayfmrpjk~& P|}lmrp a``}~kmo paemag tjmpm b}kcokfip& Paememp o}m ta flf`klc rmlpaf b}t tjkp t{~m ag a``}~laf lcpa ~rm%

pmftmo bmfmtp tjlt p~rmlo bm{afo tjm kfokwko}lc ar aee}fkt{ ag p|}lmrp& B{ a``}~{kfi

tjmpm b}kcokfip l pac}af ylp ~rmpmftmo gar tjm cafi%tmre wl`lf`{ lfo tjm ~rmwmfaf ag

om`l{ ag tjm b}kcokfip p}rra}fokfip& Paememp mwmf ~rmpmffi atjmr g}fàfp bmpkomp

l jml~ ckwkfi mfwkrafemft b}t rmlfi raae gar l e}ph# lp ylp oafm kf tjm kt{ ag Le%

ptmrole& _jkp pa`klc lfo aee}flc wmr{ ca`lc arkmftltmo ialc ag p|}lfi awmr em jlp

`jlfimo ta ~cl`mp tjlt grae ta a}tpkom *tjm l}tjarktlrklf wkmy+ lrm ~rkelrkc{ ga`}pmo af

Rmwact& Yjkcm mz~carkfi tjm raae kf tjm âartimba}y ym p~amo bmpkomp tjm ymcc hfayf

Lflr`j{ p{ebac tmzt tjlt kfok`ltm tjm rmlcklaf om`l{ kf tjm p|}lmrp aee}fkt{# emppli%

mp lp ‚Fmwmr Garimt‛ lfo ‚Kfpf`t ag P}rwkwlc‛& Lf kfok`laf tjlt tjm p{ebac gar lf lctmrfl%

wm ckgmpt{cm tr{kfi ta bm pm~lrltm ar grmm grae tjm rmi}cltmo pa`kmt{ kp a}t ag oltm&

_jm l}pm gar jkp a}co ckm yktj ta màfaek` iraytj ag tjm kffmr kt{# fa cafimr fmmokfi ta

a``}~laf b{ p|}lmrp# tjmrmb{ ~}pjkfi ta a``}~lftp ta omgmfo tjmkr bmckmgp ptrafimr lfo

earm wkacmft yktj tjm pjrkfhkfi ag tjmkr grliemftmo aee}fkmp& Mwmf elhkfi p|}lfi kc%

cmilc ~mrjl~p kf l em yjmf tjkp lctmrflwm ckgmpt{cm kp lilkf fmmomo ta ~rmwmft om`l{ ag lcc

tjm me~t{ a`m ~lrhp lcafi tjm ~mrk~jmr{ ag tjm kt{&

£

Kfptmlo ag ~raeafi tjm fmilwm lp~m`t ag tjm –`kr`cm L― ym eapt me~jlpkm tjm ke~ar%

tlf`m ag tjm bmikffkfi ag kt lfo ~rmpmft kt lp l ~appkbcm pac}af gar tjm ekcckaf p|}lrm emtrm

wl`lf`{ lra}fo tjm O}t`j irmltmr kmp& ma~cm ekijt mwmf pl{ tjlt tjm Lflr`j{ p{ebac kp

`jlfikfi grae l rmbmccka}p p{ebac kfta paemtjkfi tjlt lrkpmp faptlcikl&

Yjlt oko tjm ]rblf Bao{ yarhpja~ jlfimo kf {a}r ~mr`m~af ag tjlt kt{ lfo lr`jktm`%

t}rm1 _jkp kp gar em lf kfl``}rltm |}mpaf lp el{bm eapt ag tjm rm~mr`}ppkafp lrm pcc ta



72

bm barf& _jmrmgarm tjkp |}mpaf lf d}pt bm lfpymrmo ~lrlcc{‧

Kf l rmtrap~m`wm lflc{pkp# afm lf pl{ tjlt ym *àftrlpfic{ ta eapt ag tjm lr`jktm`t}rlc!

}rblfkpe pt}okap+ p~mfo eapt ag a}r em# rmm`fi lba}t a}r mco ag yarh tjlf tr{kfi

ta fo omfkwm lfo àf`c}pkwm pac}afp& _jm eapt ke~artlft kp tjm ~ltj tjlt cmlop }p ta

paemyjmrm tjlt ym oa fat ~rmwka}pc{ hfay& Kt kp batj tmrrkg{kfi lfo rmgrmpjkfi ta tjkfh

tjlt# lp lf lr`jktm`t# ym oa fat lcyl{p fmmo ta yarh yktj mrtlkfmp lfo af`c}pkafp& B}t#

bmpkomp tjlt# ym lf ptlrt d}e~kfi grae tjmpkp ta lf%tjmpkp kf l ~ra`mpp ag àfptlft }fwmkc%

kfi ag tjm omm~mr emlfkfi ag tjkfip % LCM_JMKL&

_jm l`t ag Omrkwë# taimtjmr yktj tjm meaaflc el~~kfi ag tjm `kt{# ilwm }p tjm a~~ar%

t}fkt{ ta omwmca~ l –tjkro m{m― yktj yjk`j tjm rmlckt{ lf bm earm l``}rltmc{ omp`rkbmo&

L`àe~lfkmo b{ l afptlft ga`}p af tjm g}folemftlc blclf`m bmtymmf abdm`wm lflc{pkplfo p}bdm`wm mz~mrkmf`m# ym omwmca~ l rmpmlr`j mco tjlt }fwmkcmo tjm ~appkbkckt{ gar tjm

omwmca~kfi l ae~cmtmc{ fmy ltmiar{ ag ompkif taacp& Eapt p}r~rkpkfic{# tjkp ylp l`jkmwmo

yktja}t mwmf ompkifkfi lf{tjkfi&

Lp tjm yarhpja~ rmmàf kftmfpkmo ktpmcg# lfo earm cktmrlr{ rmgmrmf`mp yjmrm ~}t kfta

~cl{# ym *lp l ira}~+ gmct tjm fmmo ta ia bm{afo tjm mz~m`tmo yarh& _jkp ylp tjm eaemft

yjmf tjm –}rblf ~mrgarelf`mp― l~~mlrmo& Ym }fomrptaao tjlt ym a}co }pm a}r baokmp# lp

blraemtmrp gar tjm emlp}rmemft ag cmwmcp ag ~rkwl`{ lfo afp~k`}kt{ kf tjm okmrmft afmp

ag tjm kt{& Ym ymrm tjmrm fa cafimr lp l lfafk`lc ompkifmr# b}t lp ~lrt ag tjm ~ra`mpp ktpmcg&

Ym ymrm okpàwmrkfi fmy ~mrpaflc lrkb}tmp lfo mztmfokfi a}r yarh mco& Grae tjlt ea%

emft afylrop# ym }fomrptaao jay raatmo a}r rmpmlr`j ylp kf tjm pa`kacaik`lc mz~carlaf

ag tjm kt{# lfo Yjlt elmrmo ylp tjm Elf ckwkfi kf tjm kt{ lfo fat tjm @kt{ gar tjm Elf&

Kf tjm mfo# yjlt rmelkfp kp tjm ~raga}fo kftmrmpt ag tjm kff}emra}p ira}~ okp`}ppkafp

tjra}ija}t tjm yarhpja~# lfo tjm omm~ pjlrkfi ag }ct}rlc lfo pa`klc mz~mrkmf`mp kf tjm

yarhpja~ emmfip *grmpà rmeawlc+& K bmckmwm tjlt tjkp accm`wm mfrk`jemft ag yarh kp tjmkfmwktlbcm g}t}rm ag lr`jktm`tp# lp tjm p~l`m ptlrtp pjrkfhkfi lfo ym imt capmr ta ml`j atjmr&

Jay oko tjm ]rblf Bao{ a}rpm ke~l`t em

_j k k j b b o j o j k o kbc



_jm elkf kf}mf`m tjm }rblf bao{ a}rpm jlo af em ylp tjlt kt elom em earm pmfpkbcm ta

em p}rra}fokfip& Ylchkfi tjra}ij tjm kt{ l lt`j e{pmcg caahkfi gar p~aftlfma}p ae%

e}fk`laf lfo tjkfhkfi lba}t yjlt K gmmc lt mrtlkf ~cl`mp& K elom em lylrm tjlt yjmf

rmpmlr`j l kt{ ar atjmr p`lcmo ~cl`m K e}ptf‛t }pm tjm oltl grae tjm e}fk`k~lckt{ lfo p}`j

lp gl`t# afc{ ~lrt ag tjm l`t}lc pkt}laf& _a hfay yjlt tjm pkt}laf kp ckhm kp ta mz~mrkmf`m kt

lfo ta ~mr`mkwm kt& Mwmftja}ij tjm ~mr`m~af ag tjm mz~mrkmf`m kp p}bdm`wm kt kp pcc wlc}%

lbcm kfgarelaf&

Yjlt kp tjm ke~artlf`m ag ]rblf Bao{ kf e{ ~mr`m~af ag tjm kt{1

Lmr mz~mrkmf`kfi tjm }rblf bao{ a}rpm K tjkfh tjlt tjm ‚]rblf Bao{‛ K tjkfh tjlt kt kp lf

}fomr l~~rm`kltm ~lrt ag tjm `kt{ grae tjm ~mrp~m`wm ag }rblf ompkifmrp lfo ~clffmrp& _jm

}rblf bao{ rm~rmpmftp tjm pa`klc ~ra`mppmp ag tjm `kt{ lfo lrm tjmrmgarm l hm{ ae~afmftkf tjm kt{ ktpmcg& Yjkcm gaccaykfi tjm }rblfkpe a}rpm gar tjm clpt {mlr tjm rmpmlr`j ag l `kt{

ylp elkfc{ oafm tjra}ij ta~%oayf rmpmlr`j# yjk`j imtp wmr{ ckektmo hfaycmoim lba}t ta

pkt}laf tjm kt{# fmkijbarjaao ar okptrk`t& B{ kftmrl`fi lfo kftmfpmc{ mz~mrkmf`kfi tjm

lrml tjra}ij l Omrkwm ar paemtjkfi pkekclr afm ilkfp l cat earm hfaycmoim lfo tjmrmgarm l

e}`j bmmr blpkp gar g}t}rm ompkif&

Grmpà Rmeawlc

_jm mz~mrkmf`m ag tjm grmpà rmeawlc yarhpja~ ylp irmlt& Fat afc{ ylp kt l cat ag g}f tjm

yarh yktj p}`j lf mftj}pklp` tml`jmr lfo mz~mrkmf`kfi l rmlc ira}~ ba}fokfi mm`t& B}t

kt ylp lcpa lfatjmr m{m a~mfkfi mz~mrkmf`m# l l`wkt{ ta mfà}rlim {a} ta ia kfta tjm kt{

l rmlo yjlt ~ma~cm cmlwm gar atjmr ~ma~cm ta pmm& _r{kfi ta fo tjm t{~mp ag p~aftlfma}p

àee}fk`laf tlhmp ~cl`m kf {a}r fmkijbarjaao ar mwmf arilfkm {a}r ayf grmpà rmeaw%

lc&

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tme~clfi kt lmr tjm yarhpja~ ylp lf kftmrmpfi tmre& Pkf`m ym lrm kf`rmlpkfic{ mztmfo%

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pmfpm ag bmcafikfi ta l p~m`k` ~cl`m& Ym oaf‛t jlwm afm ca`lckt{ ym lrm ba}fomo ta b}t

e}c~cm ar mwmf faf&

_jmrmgarm kt gmmcp ckhm a}r aftrkb}af ta l ca`lckt{ kf tjm gare ag l empplim kf ta ylcc kp

~akftcmpp# l}pmo b{ tjm mfarea}p fmtyarhp ym jlwm& B}t yjlt K gmmc tjm yarhpja~ jlp

tl}ijt em kp tjlt b{ aftrkb}fi ta l ca`lc ~cl`m!p~l`m kp fat lba}t rml`jkfi j}formop ar

tja}plfop ag ~ma~cm b}t earm lba}t tjm l`t lfo ~appkbcm rml`jkfi afm ~mrpaf# tjlt ya}co

lcrmlo{ bm mfa}ij&

Date post:	07-Apr-2018
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Urban Body TU Delft Final Booklet

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