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Urban design is the process of designing andshaping cities, towns and villages.

Architecture focuses on individual buildings,urban design address the larger scale of groupsof buildings, of streets and public spaces,whole neighborhoods and districts, and entire

cities, basically the shaping of masses andspaces (solids & voids) to make urban areasfunctional, attractive, and sustainable.Urban design is an inter-disciplinary subjectthat unites all the built environmentprofessions, including urban planning,landscape architecture, architecture, civil and

municipal engineering.

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Urban design is the disciplinethrough which planning andarchitecture can create or renew a

sense of local pride and identity.It has great potential for enhancingthe visual image and quality ofneighborhoods by providing athree-dimensional physical form topolicies described in acomprehensive plan.It focuses on design of the publicrealm, which is created by bothpublic spaces and the buildingsthat define them.Urban design views these spacesholistically and is concerned withbringing together the differentdisciplines responsible for thecomponents of cities into a unifiedvision.Compared to comprehensive plans,urban design plans generally havea short time horizon and are

typically area or project specific.

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The regioncity and town

Theneighborhood

district andcorridor

The blockstreet and

building

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OBJECTIVES OF URBAN SPACE

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Buildings : Are the most pronouncedelements of urban design - they shape andarticulate space forming the street walls ofthe city.

Public Space : Is the place where peoplecome together to enjoy the city and eachother. Great public spaces are the livingroom of the city. Streets : Are the connections betweenspaces and places, as well as being spacesthemselves.

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Transport: Transport systems connect theparts of cities and help shape them, andenable movement throughout the city.

Landscape : Is the green part of the city thatweaves throughout. It appears in form ofurban parks, street trees, plants, flowers,and water in many forms.

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Is the most prominent aspect of urbandesign. The following artistic principles arean integral part of creating form andspatial definition:

Unity Balance Proportion

Scale Hierarchy Symmetry Rhythm

Contrast Context Detail

Texture Harmony Beauty Order

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Washington DC Cartagena, Col Salt Lake City, UT

Copenhagen, Denmark Portofino, Italy Strasbourg, France

Siena, Italy A new City Aleppo, Syria

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Role in the design Project level process:Ensures future development will respond to thesurrounding existing and future public and privatedevelopment context.

To respond to development frameworksTo determine building envelopes.Used through resource content applications, buildingplans.

Much of urban design is concerned with the design andmanagement of publicly used space.

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PUBLIC REALM :-Includes:-

The natural and built environment used by the generalpublic such as streets, plazas, parks, and publicinfrastructure.Some aspects of privately owned space such as thebulk and scale of buildings, or gardens that are visiblefrom the public realm.At times privately ownedspace is publicly used.

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INTEGRATION AND CONNECTIVITY :-

Design public spaces and streets that effectively connect newdevelopments into the surrounding context.

Ensure public spaces are overlooked by adjacent developmentsand are bounded by streets to ensure a greater degree of personal

safety. Design safe streets which combine the movement of public

transport, private vehicles, cycles and pedestrians.Consider techniques that allow trees to be planted in close.Design pedestrian routes with good surface conditions,lighting,

signage and visual outlook.Provide generous on-street parking for efficiency, convenienceand as a means to keep the public realm active and safe.

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Legibility and identity :-

Provide an easily understood network of connected streetsand public spaces.Modify routes to recognise the landform and other naturalfeatures.Design strongly defined paths, each with a distinctivevisualcharacter.Distinguish between the public

and private realm by ensuringbuildings front streets and publicspaces.

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Diversity and adaptability :-

Promote and design for a wide range of activities, including

organized events and markets as well as informal use byindividuals and small groups.

Consider temporary access and parking needs. Promote well-defined, active edges to all public spaces.Provide co-ordinated designs for furniture and equipment

which can be used in a range of different ways. Promote flexibility of use with simple, uncluttered layouts. Promote winter usage by having some areas with good

drainage and hard surfaces for play activities. Provide effective lighting to enable night-time use

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Provide strong visual connections between the publicspaces and the uses that front them.Consider the spatial relationships between a public space

andthe buildings surrounding it, and promote higher degrees ofspatial enclosure in more intensive urban conditions.Encourage new approaches to street design that expand the

role of streets as public spaces.Encourage well defined outdoor spaces that are of adequatesize to serve potential users and that are well integratedwith adjoining building and spaces.

Consider the needs of growing demographic and ethnicgroups in the design of public space.Connect large parks and open spaces to each other and tothe population concentrations, such as urban villages .

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Integration and connectivity :-Where possible, ensure lots have frontage to a public street. Minimise the impact of driveways by combining adjacentdriveways, narrowing wider driveways where they cross thefootpath, or making use of back lanes.

Minimise the impact of parking areas by locating them totherear of the site where possible, planting large numbers oftrees, limiting paved surfaces to the minimum area requiredfor parking and manoeuvringbreaking large areas into smallseparated parking clusters.

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Ensure a range of building types can beaccommodated.Narrower lots generally make for a richer, morediverse street edge concentrate these especiallyaround key public spaces. Provide a range of lot sizes that allow for a mix ofuses,building and dwelling sizes and tenurearrangements.Avoid streets being lined with the blank walls oflargebuildings. Where possible, locate smaller lotsbetween these larger sites and the street.

L ibili d id i

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Legibility and identity :-

Where possible, locate fronts opposite fronts and backsopposite backs.Provide private spaces to the rear or side of buildings.Residential private open space should be screened for privacyand security. Avoid street frontages that are dominated by garage doors bysetting garages back from the house front,using single garage doors,or providing garages off a rear lane.

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SAHITYAVIBHAPOORNIMAARPANANITHIN

THANK YOU