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Urinary SystemUrinary System
Body System VocabBody System Vocab
Homeostasis- A state of balance in Homeostasis- A state of balance in the bodythe body
(everything is A ok)(everything is A ok)
Metabolism- Rate at which the body Metabolism- Rate at which the body generates energy. The sum of all generates energy. The sum of all the bodies processesthe bodies processes
Urinary SystemUrinary System – filters waste and – filters waste and extra fluid from the blood in the extra fluid from the blood in the form of urineform of urine
- Composed of four parts- Composed of four parts
Part 1Part 1 KidneysKidneys
Two bean shaped organs about the size of a Two bean shaped organs about the size of a fistfist
Contain nephrons, which are tiny filtering Contain nephrons, which are tiny filtering units (filter the blood)units (filter the blood)
Monitors and adjusts amount of salts and Monitors and adjusts amount of salts and water in bloodwater in blood
Part 2 Part 2 UretersUreters
Two tubes that carry Two tubes that carry
urine from the kidneys to the bladderurine from the kidneys to the bladder Each is about 8 to 10 inches longEach is about 8 to 10 inches long
Part 3Part 3 BladderBladder
Hollow, muscular organ located in the pelvic Hollow, muscular organ located in the pelvic cavitycavity
Stores urineStores urine Stores about 2 cups comfortably for 2 to 5 hoursStores about 2 cups comfortably for 2 to 5 hours
Part 4 Part 4 Urethra Urethra
Tube that leads from the bladder to the outside Tube that leads from the bladder to the outside of the bodyof the body
Urinary System Video ClipUrinary System Video Clip http://www.youtube.com/watch?http://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=TZMJeZL-BVgv=TZMJeZL-BVg
Diagram of Urinary Diagram of Urinary SystemSystem
Problems of the Urinary Problems of the Urinary SystemSystem
1. Cystitis – inflammation of the 1. Cystitis – inflammation of the bladder caused by a bacterial bladder caused by a bacterial infectioninfection
2. Urethritis- inflammation of the 2. Urethritis- inflammation of the urethra caused by bacterial infection. urethra caused by bacterial infection. Important – if you experience a Important – if you experience a
burning pain during urination, burning pain during urination, increased urination, or blood in urine, increased urination, or blood in urine, you need to see a doctor ASAP! You you need to see a doctor ASAP! You may have these disorders!may have these disorders!
Kidney ProblemsKidney Problems 1. 1. NephritisNephritis – inflammation of nephrons in – inflammation of nephrons in
kidneys. kidneys. This leads to a changed amount of urine This leads to a changed amount of urine
produced. produced. 2. 2. Kidney StonesKidney Stones – formed when salts in – formed when salts in
the urine crystallize into solid stonesthe urine crystallize into solid stones If the stone moves into the ureter, it causes If the stone moves into the ureter, it causes
immense painimmense pain Smaller stones may pass, but stones larger Smaller stones may pass, but stones larger
than 1 cm have to be broken down using than 1 cm have to be broken down using shock wavesshock waves
Sometimes, surgery is requiredSometimes, surgery is required3. 3. UremiaUremia- Serious condition where the kidneys - Serious condition where the kidneys
do not filter blood properlydo not filter blood properly
Kidney Stone Video ClipKidney Stone Video Clip
Kidney FailureKidney Failure
1. Sometimes, our kidneys do not 1. Sometimes, our kidneys do not functionfunction
2. This can be caused by infection, 2. This can be caused by infection, decreased blood flow, or diseases decreased blood flow, or diseases that damage kidney tissuethat damage kidney tissue
3. So…what do we do? How do we 3. So…what do we do? How do we treat it?treat it?
4. We can use 4. We can use hemodialysishemodialysis or or dialysisdialysis– – an artificial kidney machine removes an artificial kidney machine removes waste products from the bloodwaste products from the blood Takes 3-5 hrs and is done 3-4 times per weekTakes 3-5 hrs and is done 3-4 times per week YouTube - Hemodialysis machineYouTube - Hemodialysis machine
5. We can also have a 5. We can also have a kidney transplantkidney transplant Basically, an organ donor gives a healthy Basically, an organ donor gives a healthy
kidney to someone in needkidney to someone in need
Prostate CancerProstate Cancer
Prostate gland is a gland only found Prostate gland is a gland only found in malesin males
This type of cancer is generally This type of cancer is generally found in older adult males – 50 years found in older adult males – 50 years oldold
Prostate CancerProstate Cancer
Cancerous tumor causes prostate Cancerous tumor causes prostate gland to swellgland to swell
The swelling “pinches” the urethra The swelling “pinches” the urethra This causes decreased urination in This causes decreased urination in
males, painfulmales, painful No known causes – doctors suggest No known causes – doctors suggest
eating healthy diet and exercising. eating healthy diet and exercising.
How do I keep the How do I keep the urinary system healthy?urinary system healthy?
Drink at least 8 glasses of water a dayDrink at least 8 glasses of water a day Limit your intake of caffeine and soft Limit your intake of caffeine and soft
drinksdrinks This can increase water loss through This can increase water loss through
urine, thus dehydrating your bodyurine, thus dehydrating your body Take more showers than bathsTake more showers than baths
Eliminates the risk of bacterial infections Eliminates the risk of bacterial infections due to contaminated waterdue to contaminated water
How do I keep the How do I keep the urinary system healthy?urinary system healthy?
Eat Cranberries! – chemical within Eat Cranberries! – chemical within cranberries helps prevent bacteria cranberries helps prevent bacteria from sticking to bladder wallsfrom sticking to bladder walls This prevents bacterial infections!This prevents bacterial infections!
Be Proactive!!!Be Proactive!!!
1. If you experience pain, burning, 1. If you experience pain, burning, or blood during urination, you need or blood during urination, you need to tell a doctor AS SOON AS to tell a doctor AS SOON AS POSSIBLE!!!POSSIBLE!!!
http://www.neok12.com/Urinary-http://www.neok12.com/Urinary-System.htmSystem.htm
ExploreExplore
CONSTRUCT THE URINARY CONSTRUCT THE URINARY SYSTEMSYSTEM You will make a model of the primary You will make a model of the primary
components of their urinary system. components of their urinary system. Once finished with this activity you will Once finished with this activity you will be able to identify the structures, their be able to identify the structures, their functions and order the process of the functions and order the process of the urinary system through your model.urinary system through your model.
You must correctly label and give the You must correctly label and give the function for the following parts…function for the following parts…Ureter, Kidney, Urethra, Bladder Ureter, Kidney, Urethra, Bladder
Kidney Filtration Simulation Kidney Filtration Simulation ActivityActivity This lab activity that will simulate the This lab activity that will simulate the
overall function of the kidneysoverall function of the kidneys