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United States Patent [ 9] Koch e t a1. [54] PROCESS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF (PHENOXY OR BENZYD-PHENOXYPROPIONIC ACID M THYL ST RS [75] Inventors: Manfred Koch, Eppstein; Hilmar Mildenberger, Kelkheim, both o f Fed. Rep. of Germany [73] Assignee: Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft, Frankfurt an Main, Fed. Rep. o f Germany [2]] Appl. No: 81,052 [22] Filed: Oct. 2, 1979 [30] Foreign Application Priority Data Oct. 4 . 1978 [DE] Fed. Rep. of Germany ..... .. 2843184 [51] Int. cu ........................................... . c07c 79/46 [52] us. 1. ...................................... . . 560/21; 560/57; 560/61; 560/62 [58] Field ofSearch ...................... . . 560/21, 62, s7, 61 [11] 4,252,980 [45] Feb. 24, 1981 [56] References Cited U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS 3,334.125 8/1967 Richter ................................ .. 560/62 4,088,474 5/1978 Matterstock e t al. ,106,925 8/1978 Rohr e t a1. ........................... . 560/21 OTHER PUBLICATIONS Zeinalov e t al., Chem. Absts., 66, 30233(h), 1967. Migrdichian, Organic Synthesis, Reinhold Publishing Co., vol. 1 , p . 327, 1957. Primary Examiner—Natalie Trousof Assistant Examiner-G. T . Breitenstein Attorney, Agent, or Firm—Curtis, Morris & afford [57] ABSTRACT (Phenoxy- o r benzy1)-phenoxypropionic acid methyl esters are produced by esteri?cation of the correspond ing anhydrous alkali metal salts with half the molar amount of dimethyl sulfate a t a temperature exceeding 120° C. 2 Claims, N0 Drawings
Transcript
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United S t a t e s Patent [ 9 ]

Koch e t a 1 .

[ 5 4 ] PROCESS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF

(PHENOXY OR

BENZYD-PHENOXYPROPIONIC ACIDM THYL ST RS

[ 7 5 ] I n v e n t o r s : M a n f r e d K o c h , E p p s t e i n ; H i l m a r

M i l d e n b e r g e r , K e l k h e i m , b o t h o f

F e d . R e p . o f Germany

[ 7 3 ] A s s i g n e e : H o e c h s t A k t i e n g e s e l l s c h a f t ,

F r a n k f u r t a n M a i n , F e d . R e p . o f

G e r m a n y

[ 2 ] ] A p p l . No: 8 1 , 0 5 2

[ 2 2 ] F i l e d : O c t . 2 , 1 9 7 9

[ 3 0 ] F o r e i g n A p p l i c a t i o n P r i o r i t y D a t a

O c t . 4 . 1 9 7 8 [DE] Fed. Rep. of G e r m a n y . . . . . . . 2843184

[ 5 1 ] I n t . cu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . c07c 79/46

[ 5 2 ] us. 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 560/21; 560/57;

5 6 0 / 6 1 ; 5 6 0 / 6 2

[ 5 8 ] F i e l d ofSearch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 560/21, 6 2 , s 7 , 6 1

[ 1 1 ] 4 , 2 5 2 , 9 8 0

[ 4 5 ] F e b . 2 4 , 1 9 8 1

[ 5 6 ] R e f e r e n c e s C i t e d

U . S . PATENT DOCUMENTS

3,334.125 8/1967 Richter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 560/62

4,088,474 5/1978 Matterstock e t a l ., 1 0 6 , 9 2 5 8/1978 Rohr e t a 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 560/21

OTHER PUBLICATIONS

Z e i n a l o v e t a l . , Chem. A b s t s . , 6 6 , 3 0 2 3 3 ( h ) , 1 9 6 7 .

M i g r d i c h i a n , O r g a n i c S y n t h e s i s , R e i n h o l d P u b l i s h i n gC o . , v o l . 1 , p . 3 2 7 , 1 9 5 7 .

P r i m a r y E x a m i n e r — N a t a l i e T r o u s o f

A s s i s t a n t Examiner-G. T . B r e i t e n s t e i n

A t t o r n e y , A g e n t , o r F i r m — C u r t i s , M o r r i s & a f f o r d

[ 5 7 ] ABSTRACT

( P h e n o x y - o r b e n z y 1 ) - p h e n o x y p r o p i o n i c a c i d m e t h y l

e s t e r s a r e p r o d u c e d by e s t e r i ? c a t i o n o f t h e c o r r e s p o n d

i n g a n h y d r o u s a l k a l i m e t a l s a l t s w i t h h a l f t h e m o l a r

amount o f d i m e t h y l s u l f a t e a t a t e m p e r a t u r e e x c e e d i n g

1 2 0 ° C .

2 C l a i m s , N0 D r a w i n g s

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4 , 2 5 2 , 9 8 01

PROCESS FOR THE‘MANUFACI‘URE OF

(PHENOXY OR BENZYD-PIIENOXYPROPIONICACID METHYL ESTERS

T h i s i n v e n t i o n r e l a t e s t o a p r o c e s s f o r t h e manufac

t u r e o f ( p h e n o x y o r b e n z y l ) - p h e n o x y p r o p i o n i c a c i d

m e t h y l e s t e r s o f t h e f o r m u l a

CH3 ( 1 )

OCHCOOCl-h

( R l n

i n which t h e r a d i c a l s R , which a r e i d e n t i c a l o r d i f f e r e n t ,

a r e a l k y l , h a l o g e n , CF3 o r N02, n i s l o r 2 and X s

oxygen o r t h e group —CH2—, which c o m p r i s e s r e a c t

i n g a n h y d r o u s a l k a l i m e t a l s a l t s o f c o r r e s p o n d i n g l y

s u b s t i t u t e d ( p h e n o x y o r b e n z y l ) — p h e n o x y p r o p i o n i c

a c i d s w i t h a n a p p r o x i m a t e l y s e m i a m o l a r amount o f d i

m e t h y l s u l f a t e i n a n i n e r t n o n - p o l a r s o l v e n t a t a tempera t u r e above 1 2 0 ° C .

The compounds o f t h e f o r m u l a I a r e h i g h l y e f f e c t i v e

and s e l e c t i v e g r a s s h e r b i c i d e s which a r e k n o w n from

German O f f e n l e g u n g s s c h r i f t N o s . 2 , 2 2 3 , 8 9 4 , 2 , 4 1 7 , 4 8 7 ,

2 , 4 3 3 , 0 6 7 , 2 , 6 0 1 , 5 4 8 a n d 2 , 6 5 2 , 5 8 4 .The a l k y l a t i o n o f c a r b o x y l i c a c i d s a l t s w i t h d i m e t h y l

s u l f a t e t o g i v e c a r b o x y l i c a c i d m e t h y l e s t e r s i s k n o w n .

I n g e n e r a l , t h e d i m e t h y l s u l f a t e i s u s e d i n a n e q u i m o l a r

a m o u n t or i n an excess calculated on the carboxylic acid

s a l t ( c f . H o u b e n - W e y l , volume V I I I , p a g e 5 4 2 ( 1 9 5 2 ) ;

U l l m a n n , 4 t h e d i t i o n , v o l u m e 1 0 , p a g e 1 0 3 ( 1 9 7 5 ) ;M o n a t s h e f t e f u r Chemie 9 9 , p a g e 1 0 3 ( 1 9 6 8 ) ; CA. 4 9 ,

1 1 5 9 4 h ( 1 9 5 3 ) ) . The y i e l d s o f 8 2 t o 96 0 f t h e t h e o r y

o b t a i n e d a r e , h o w e v e r , u n s a t i s f a c t o r y f o r i n d u s t r i a lp u r p o s e s . M o r e o v e r , t h e a b o v e p r o c e s s h a s t h e d i s a d

v a n t a g e t h a t o n e h a l f o f t h e d i m e t h y l s u l f a t e i s l o s t i n t h e

f o r m o f m e t h y l s u l f u r i c a c i d . I n a d d i t i o n , r e s i d u e s o f

u n r e a c t e d d i m e t h y l s u l f a t e a l w a y s r e m a i n w h i c h , b e

c a u s e o f t h e danger o f e s t e r h y d r o l y s i s , c a n n o t b e r e

moved by means o f l k a l i m e t a l h y d r o x i d e s o l u t i o n a f t e r

t e r m i n a t i o n o f t h e r e a c t i o n a s i t i s d o n e , f o r e x a m p l e , i n

t h e p h e n o l e t h e r i f i c a t i o n w i t h d i a l k y l s u l f a t e s . B e c a u s e

o f t h e t o x i c i t y o f d i m e t h y l s u l f a t e , t h i s method s , t h e r e

f o r e , u n s u i t a b l e e s p e c i a l l y f o r t h e m a n u f a c t u r e o f com

p o u n d s f o r b i o l o g i c a l u s e s .A t t e m p t s h a v e b e e n made t o u t i l i z e t h e m e t h y l s u l f u

r i c a c i d s a l t formed i n t h e r e a c t i o n f o r f u r t h e r e s t e r i ? c a

t i o n a c c o r d i n g t o t h e f o l l o w i n g s c h e m e , i n o r d e r t o

r e d u c e t h e amount o f d i m e t h y l s u l f a t e r e q u i r e d :

2 RCOOME + (CHJCDZSOZ

CH OSO3Me

u n i v a l e n t c a t i o n )

RCOOCH3 + RCOOME +

2 RCOOCH3 + Me2SO4

( M e

A c c o r d i n g t o Houben-Weyl ( l o c . c i t . ) t h i s r e a c t i o n i s

s u c c e s s f u l o n l y u n d e r p r e s s u r e and t e l e v a t e d t e m p e r a

t u r e ( n o d e t i l s a r e g i v e n ) . Ullmann ( l o c . c i t . ) s t a t e s i n

t h e same connection t h a t a prolonged a f t e r - r e a c t i o n a t

e l e v a t e d t e m p e r a t u r e i s n e c e s s a r y . A p r o c e s s f o r t h e

a l k y l a t i o n o f b e n z o i c ' a c i d s a l t s w i t h t h e s e m i m o l a r

amount o f d i m e t h y l s u l f a t e d e s c r i b e d i n Ann. 3 4 0 , p a g e2 4 6 ( 1 9 0 5 ) r e q u i r es r e a c t i o n t e m p e r a t u r e s o f f r o m 1 8 0 °

t o 2 6 0 ° C . a n d y i e l d s o n l y 75 o f t h e t h e o r y o f b e n z o i c

a c i d m e t h y l e s t e r . The a l k y l a t i o n o f p o t a s s i u m b e n z o a t e

2w i t h a molar a m o u n t of t h e p o t a s s i u m s a l t o f m e t h y l s u l

l 0

1 5

20

2 5

3 0

3 5

4 5

5 0

5 5

6 5

f u r i c a c i d a t 2 1 0 ° t o ‘ 2 5 0 ° C . g i v e s s t i l l l o w e r y i e l d s .The l k y l a t i o n ’ o f s o d i u m s a l t s o f f a t t y a c i d s w i t h h a l f

t h e m o l a r a m o u n t - o f d i m e t h y l s u l f a t e i n w a t e r , a s d e

s c r i b e d i n CA. 6 , 3 0 2 3 3 h ~ ( l 9 6 7 ) , ' _ t a k e s p l a c e a t a tem

p e r a t u r e o f 1 5 0 ° v C . , b u t , a l t h o u g h a l o n g r e a c t i o n t i m e

o f a t l e a s t 1 0 h o u r s i s r e q u i r e d , a y i e l d o f a b o u t 8 5

o n l y o f f a t t y a c i d m e t h y l e s t e ri s

o b t a i n e d ( c f . U l l m a n nl o c . c i t . ) .I t i s t h e r e f o r e s u r p r i s i n g t h a t w i t h t h e u s e o f t h e s t a r t

i n g s u b s t a n c e s a c c o r d i n g t h e i n v e n t i o n t h e r e a c t i o n

w i t h h a l f t h e m o l a r a m o u n t o f d i m e t h y l s u l f a t e g i v e s th e

compounds o f t h e f o r m u l a I i n a n a l m o s t q u a n t i t a t i v e

y i e l d a t s u b s t a n t i a l l y l o w e r r e a c t i o n t e m p e r a t u r e s a n d i na much h o r t e r t i m e .

The r e a c t i o n p r o c e e d s a c c o r d i n g t o t h e f o l l o w i n g

e q u a t i o n

CH3

CH3

( I I )

( I )

To c a r r y o u t t h e r e a c t i o n , t h e a n h y d r o u s a l k a l i m e t a l

s a l t s o f t h e formula I I a r e suspended i n an i n e r t , non

p o l a r s o l v e n t , p r e f e r a b l y a h y d r o c a r b o n s u c h a s b e n

z e n e , t o l u e n e , x y l e n e or cumene, or a halohydrocarbon

s u c h a s c h l o r o b e n z e n e and d i c h l o r o b e n z e n e , p r e f e r a b l y

x y l e n e , a n d d i m e t h y l s u l f a t e i s added t o t h e s u s p en s i o n .

The r e a c t i o n o f d i m e t h y l s u l f a t e t o t h e m e t h y l s u l f u r i c

a c i d s a l t t a k e s p l a c e s p o n t a n e o u s l y a n d i s s u f f i c i e n t l yr a p i d even a t low r e a c ti o n t e m p e r a t u r e s , whereas a

r e a c t i o n t e m p e r a t u r e o f a t l e a s t 1 2 0 ° C . i s r e q u i r e d f o rc o n v e r t i n g t h e m e t h y l - su l f u r i c a c i d s a l t t o s o d i u m s u lf a t e . With s o l v e n t s o r d i l u e n t s h a v i n g a lower b o i l i n g

p o i n t t h e b o i l i n g t e m p e r a t u r e m u s t b e r a i s e d b y a p p l i c a

t i o n o f e x t e r n a l p r e s s u r e . The r e a c t i o n t i m e r e q u i r e d f o r

a q u a n t i t a t i v e c o n v e r s i o n o f s a l t s o f t h e f o r m u l a I I d e

p e n d s o n t h e r e a c t i o n t e m p e r a t u r e ; i t i s a p p r o x i m a t e l y 1

hour f o r a r e a c t i o n t e m p e r a t u r e o f 1 3 5 ° C . When t h e

r e a c t i o n i s c o m p l e t e , t h e r e a c t i o n m i x t u r e h a s a n e u t r a l

r e a c t i o n . I n o r g a n i c s a l t s can be removed d i r e c t l y o r

a f t e r a c i d i f i c a ti o n w i t h ' a s m a l l amount o f m i n e r a l a c i d

e i t h e r by w a s h i n g w i t h w a t e r o r by ? l t r a t i o n o r c e n t r i f

u g a t i o n .

W i t h t h e u s e o f a semimolar a m o u n t of dimethyl

s u l f a t e ( c a l c u l a t e d on t h e s a l t u s e d ) a c o n v e r s i o n o f 9 9 . 3t o 99.5 o f t h e t h e o r y i s o b t a i n e d . I f t h e d i m e t h y l s u l

f a t e i s used i n a minor e x c e s s (5 ), c a l c u l a t e d on t h e

semimolar a m o u n t o f t h e s a l t o f formula I I u s e d , a con

v e r s i o n o f o v e r 99.8 i s r e a c h e d . To o b t a i n optimu m

r e s u l t s an excess of up t o 10% can be u s e d .

The f o l l o w i n g e x a m p l e s i l l u s t r a t e t h e i n v e n t i o n .

EXAMPLE

M e t h y l - 2 - [ 4 ’ - ( 4 - t r i f l u o r o m e t h y l p h e n o x y ) - p h e n o x y ]p r o p i o n a t e

6 3 g o f d i m e t h y l s u l f a t e a r e added w i t h i n 5 m i n u t e s

a n d a t 1 3 0 ° C . t o 3 4 8 g o f a n h y d r o u s s o d i u m - 2 - [ 4 ' - ( 4

t r i ? u o r o m e t h y l - p h e n o x y ) - p h e n o x y ] ~ p r o p i o n a t e , s u s

p e n d e d i n 1 , 0 0 0 m l o f x y l e n e . A f t e r t h e a d d i t i o n , s t i r r i n go f t h e m i x t u r e i s c o n t i n u e d f o r 1 h o u r , t h e m i x t u r e i s

c o o l e d a t 8 5 ° C . , a t s a i d t e m p e r a t u r e 2 0 0 ml o f water

a n d 0 . 5 ml o f H3PO4 r e added a n d , f o r t h e s e p a r a t i o n o f

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4 , 2 5 2 , 9 8 03

t h e i n o r g a n i c s a l t s , t h e m i x t u r e i s s t i r r e d f o r 1 0 m i n u t e s .

A f t e r s e p a r a t i o n o f t h e w a t e r p h a s e , t h e x y l e n e i s d i s

t i l l e d o f f . 3 4 0 g o f m e t h y l - 2 - [ 4 ' - ( 4 ” - t r i l l u o r o m e t h y l

p h e n o x y ) - p h e n o x y ] - p r o p i o n a t e a r e o b t a i n e d m e l t i n g a t

1 4 2 ° C . u n d e r 0 . 0 5 t o r r . According t o g a s chromato

gra m t h e c o n t e n t o f p u r e ? n a l p r o d u c t i s 9 9 . 4 % , t h e

r e s i d u a l c o n t e n t o f u n r e a c t e d a c i d i s 0 . 6 % , which c o r r e

s p o n d s t o a y i e l d o f 9 9 . 4 % .

EXAMPLE

M e t h y l - 2 - [ 4 ' - ( 2 , 4 - d i c h l o r o p h e n o x y ) - p h e n o x y ] p r op i o n a t e

6 6 . 2 g o f d i m e t h y l s u l f a t e a r e added w i t h i n 5 m i n u t e s

a n d a t 1 3 0 ° C . o f 3 4 9 g o f a n h y d r o u s s 0 d i u m - 2 - [ 4 ’

( 2 ” , 4 ” - d i c h l o r o p h e n o x y ) - p h e n o x y ] - p r o p i o n a t e i n 1 , 0 0 0

m l o f x y l e n e . A f t e r t h e a d d i t i o n , t h e r e a c t i o n m i x t u r e i s

s t i r r e d f o r 1 h o u r a t 1 3 8 ° C . , whereupon t i s c o o l e d t o

9 0 ° C . N e x t , 2 0 0 ml o f w a t e r a r e added t o t h e r e a c t i o n

m i x t u r e .

The m i x t u r e i s i n t e n s e l y s t i r r e d f o r 1 0 m i n u t e s a t 8 5 °

C . , t h e w a t e r p h a s e i s s e p a r a t e d a n d t h e x y l e n e i s d i s

t i l l e d o f . 3 4 1 g o f m e t h yl - 2 - [ 4 ’ - ( 2 , 4 - d i c h l o r o p h e n o x y )

p h e n o x y ] - p r o p i o n a t e m e l t i n g a t 1 6 8 ° C . u n d e r 0 . 0 5 t o r r

a r e o b t a i n e d . According t o g a s chromatogram t h e con

t e n t o f p u r e ? n a l p r o d u c t i s 9 9 . 9 % , which c o r r e s p o n d s

t o a y i e l d o f 99.9 .

The f o l l o w i n g compounds a r e o b t a i n e d i n a n a l o g o u s

manner and with t h e same yield:

m e t h y l - 2 - [ 4 ' - ( 4 - c h l o r o p h e n o x y ) - p h e n o x y ] - p r o p i o n a t em e l t i n g p o i n t 1 5 4 ° C . u n d e r 0 . 1 5 t o r r ;

1 0

1 5

2 5

3 0

3 5

4 5

5 0

5 5

6 5

4m e t h y l - 2 - [ 4 ’ - ( 4 - c h l o r o b e n z y l ) - p h e n o x y ] - p r o p i o n a t e

m e l t i n g p o i n t 1 4 4 ° t o 1 4 8 ° C . u n d e r 0 . 0 7 t o r r ;m e t h y l - 2 - [ 4 ’ - ( 2 , 4 - d i c h l o r o b e n z y l ) - p h e n o x y ] - p r o p i o n

a t e m e l t i n g p o i n t 1 5 8 ° t o 1 6 1 ° C . u n d e r 0 . 0 5 t o r r ;

m e t h y l - 2 - [ 4 ’ - ( 2 - c h l o r o - 4 - t r i f l u o r o m e t h y l p h e n o x y )p h e n o x y ] - p r o p i o n a t e , m e l t i n g p o i n t 1 5 5 ° C . u n d e r

0 . 0 5 t o r r ;

m e t h y l - 2 ~ [ 4 ’ - ( 4 ~ b r o m o - 2 - c h l o r o p h e n o x y ) - p h e n o x y ]p r o p i o n a t e m e l t i n g a t 1 9 5 ° t o 1 9 8 ° C . u n d e r 0 . 4 t o r r ;

m e t h y l - 2 - [ 4 ' - ( 4 - c h l o r o - 2 - n i t r o p h e n o x y ) - p h e n o x y ]p r o p i o n a t e me l t i n g p o i n t 2 2 4 ° t o 3 0 0 ° C . u n d e r 3 t o r r .W h a t i s c l a i m e d i s :

1 . I n a p r o c e s s f o r t h e manufacture o f (phenoxy o r

b e n z y l ) - p h e n o x y p r o p i o n a t e a c i d m e t h y l e s t e r s o f t h e

f o r m u l a

CH3 ( 1 )

oc ncooc n;

( 1 1 )

i n which t h e r a d i c a l s R , which a r e i d e n t i c a l o r d i f f e r e n t ,

a r e a l k y l , h a l o g e n , CF; o r N02, 1 1 i s 1 o r 2 and X de

n o t e s oxygen o r t h e g r o u p —-CH2—-, t h e improvement

w h i c h c o m p r i s e s r e a c t i n g a n h y d r o u s a l k a l i m e t a l s a l t so f c o r r e s p o n d i n g l y s u b s t i t u t e d ( p h e n o x y o r b e n z y l )

p h e n o x y p r o p i o n i c a c i d s w i t h a n a p p r o x i m a t e l y

semimolar a m o u n t of dimethyl s u l f a t e i n an i n e r t non

p o l a r h y d r o c a r b o n o r h a l o h y d r o c a r b o n s o l v e n t a t a

t e m p e r a t u r e a b o v e 1 2 0 ° C .

2 . The p r o c e s s o f c l a i m 1 , w h e r e i n t h e r e a c t i o n i s

c a r r i e d o u t a t a t e m p e r a t u r e o f from 1 2 0 ° t o 1 5 0 ° C .i i 1 ‘ k


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