U.S. Govt. & Citz. U.S. Govt. & Citz. Week 2 Bell #2 Week 2 Bell #2 08/27/14 08/27/14 “ “ We the People of the United We the People of the United States, in Order to form a States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the Tranquility, provide for the common defence, promote the common defence, promote the general Welfare, and secure general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United Constitution for the United
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U.S. Govt. & Citz.U.S. Govt. & Citz.Week 2 Bell #2Week 2 Bell #2
08/27/1408/27/14““We the People of the United We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defence, provide for the common defence, promote the general Welfare, and promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States Constitution for the United States of America.”of America.”•How does the preamble show the How does the preamble show the purposes of government?purposes of government?
HomeworkHomework
Discuss Government services.Discuss Government services.
Today’s Objectives:Today’s Objectives:
Student’s will discover how Student’s will discover how governments originated.governments originated.
Students will discover how Students will discover how governments are classified.governments are classified.
Students will learn the basic Students will learn the basic concepts of democracy in America.concepts of democracy in America.
S E C T I O N 2
Forms of GovernmentForms of Government How can we classify governments? How can we classify governments? How are systems of government defined How are systems of government defined
in terms of who can participate?in terms of who can participate? How is power distributed within a state?How is power distributed within a state? How are governments defined by the How are governments defined by the
relationship between the legislative and relationship between the legislative and executive branches?executive branches?
Chapter 1, Section 2Chapter 1, Section 23311
Origins of GovernmentOrigins of Government
Evolution TheoryEvolution Theory FamiliesFamilies Tribal ruleTribal rule
Force TheoryForce Theory Divine Right TheoryDivine Right Theory Social Contract TheorySocial Contract Theory
Social Contract TheorySocial Contract Theory
The concept that the governed and The concept that the governed and those governing have obligations to those governing have obligations to each other, that the people being each other, that the people being governed will support the governed will support the government, and that the government, and that the government will protect the basic government will protect the basic rights of the people.rights of the people.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5ZzXGdMRSF0
Chapter 1, Section 2Chapter 1, Section 23311
Classifying GovernmentsClassifying Governments
Governments can be classified by three Governments can be classified by three different standards:different standards:
(1)(1) Who can participate in the governing Who can participate in the governing process.process.
(2)(2) The geographic distribution of the The geographic distribution of the governmental power within the state.governmental power within the state.
(3)(3) The relationship between the legislative The relationship between the legislative (lawmaking) and the (lawmaking) and the
executive (law-executing) branches of the executive (law-executing) branches of the government.government.
NumbersNumbers
OneOne FewFew ManyMany
Classification by Who Classification by Who Can ParticipateCan Participate
Chapter 1, Section 2Chapter 1, Section 23311
DemocracyDemocracy In a democracy, supreme In a democracy, supreme
political authority rests with political authority rests with the people. the people.
A direct democracy exists A direct democracy exists where the will of the people where the will of the people is translated into law directly is translated into law directly by the people themselves.by the people themselves.
In an indirect democracy, a In an indirect democracy, a small group of persons, small group of persons, chosen by the people to act chosen by the people to act as their representatives, as their representatives, expresses the popular will.expresses the popular will.
DictatorshipDictatorship A dictatorship exists where A dictatorship exists where
those who rule cannot be held those who rule cannot be held responsible to the will of the responsible to the will of the people.people.
An An autocracyautocracy is a is a government in which a government in which a single person holds unlimited single person holds unlimited political power.political power.
An An oligarchyoligarchy is a government is a government in which the power to rule is in which the power to rule is held by a small, usually self-held by a small, usually self-appointed elite.appointed elite.
Classification by Classification by Geographic Geographic
Distribution of PowerDistribution of PowerUnitary GovernmentUnitary Government A A unitary governmentunitary government
has all powers held by a has all powers held by a single, central agency.single, central agency.
Chapter 1, Section 2Chapter 1, Section 23311
Confederate Government
A confederation is an alliance of independent states.Federal Government
A federal government is one in which the powers of government are divided between a central government and several local governments.
An authority superior to both the central and local governments makes this division of power on a geographic basis.
Classification by the Relationship Classification by the Relationship Between Legislative and Executive Between Legislative and Executive
BranchesBranches
Chapter 1, Section 2Chapter 1, Section 23311
Forms of GovernmentForms of Government
Chapter 1, Section 2Chapter 1, Section 23311
Chapter 1, Section 3Chapter 1, Section 3
S E C T I O N 3
Basic Concepts of Basic Concepts of DemocracyDemocracy What are the foundations of What are the foundations of
democracy?democracy?
What are the connections between What are the connections between
democracy and the free enterprise democracy and the free enterprise
system?system?
How has the Internet affected How has the Internet affected
democracy?democracy?
2211
Chapter 1, Section 3Chapter 1, Section 32211
FoundationsFoundations
The American concept of democracy The American concept of democracy rests on these basic notions:rests on these basic notions:
(1)(1) A recognition of the fundamental worth and A recognition of the fundamental worth and dignity of every person;dignity of every person;
(2)(2) A respect for the equality of all persons; A respect for the equality of all persons;
(3)(3) A faith in majority rule and an insistence upon A faith in majority rule and an insistence upon minority rights;minority rights;
(4)(4) An acceptance of the necessity of compromise; An acceptance of the necessity of compromise; andand
(5)(5) An insistence upon the widest possible degree An insistence upon the widest possible degree of individual freedom.of individual freedom.
Chapter 1, Section 3Chapter 1, Section 32211
Democracy and the Free Democracy and the Free Enterprise SystemEnterprise System
The The free enterprise systemfree enterprise system is an economic is an economic system characterized by private or corporate system characterized by private or corporate ownership of capital goods; investments that are ownership of capital goods; investments that are determined by private decision rather than by determined by private decision rather than by state control; and determined in a free market.state control; and determined in a free market.
Decisions in a free enterprise system are Decisions in a free enterprise system are determined bydetermined by the the law of supply and demandlaw of supply and demand..
An economy in which private enterprise exists in An economy in which private enterprise exists in combination with a considerable amount of combination with a considerable amount of government regulation and promotion is called a government regulation and promotion is called a mixed economymixed economy..
Democracy and the Democracy and the InternetInternet
Chapter 1, Section 3Chapter 1, Section 32211
Democracy demands that the people be Democracy demands that the people be widely informed about their government.widely informed about their government.
Theoretically, the Internet makes Theoretically, the Internet makes knowledgeable participation in knowledgeable participation in democratic process easier than ever democratic process easier than ever before.before.
However, all data on the World Wide However, all data on the World Wide Web is not necessarily true, and the Web is not necessarily true, and the long-term effects of the Internet on long-term effects of the Internet on democracy has yet to be determined.democracy has yet to be determined.
