The Progressive Movement

U.S. HISTORY STANDARD 13

STANDARD 13The student will identify major

efforts to reform American society and politics in the

Progressive Era

ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS

1. Is muckraking an effective tool to reform American politics and society?

2. Can reform movements improve American society and politics?

3. Were the progressives successful in making government more responsive to the will of the people?

• Progressivism

• Upton Sinclair

• The Jungle• Jane Addams

• Hull House

• Plessy v. Ferguson

• Jim Crow

• Initiative

• Referendum

• Recall

• Conservation

• NAACP

ESSENTIAL VOCABULARY

INDUSTRIAL OVERSIGHT• Upton Sinclair was a muckraker-a journalist who

exposed corruption. Sinclair wrote The Jungle, a book that exposed corruption in the meat packing industry. His book led to federal oversight and reform in the meat packing industry. Meat packing facilities were forced to meet standards set by the federal government .

Upton Sinclair-YouTube

INDUSTRIAL OVERSIGHT• Like Upton Sinclair, Ida Tarbell was a

muckraker- someone who exposed corruption in government or industry. She wrote about the dubious business practices of Rockefeller's Standard Oil Company.

Ida Tarbell-YouTube

SOCIAL REFORMS• Jane Adams was a social reformer that founded

the Hull House which helped the poor in the ghettos of Chicago.

• Women played a key role in reform movements for suffrage, temperance, and labor laws.

Jane Addams-YouTube

SOCIAL REFORMSAFRICAN AMERICAN RIGHTS• Jim Crow laws were designed to keep the races segregated.

• The Supreme Court decision in Plessy vs. Ferguson(1896) stated that the 14th Amendment was not violated by the separate but equal doctrine.

• W.E.B. Dubois founded the NAACP (National Association for the Advancement of Colored People). The group advocated rights for African Americans and eventually helped lead to the abolition of the separate but equal doctrine.

Plessy-YouTube

POLITICAL REFORMS• Initiative-the people create a bill to put before Congress

• Referendum-occurs when Congress refers a bill to the people to be voted upon

• Recall-when a petition is signed by the voters to remove an elected official from his/her position Gray Davis

• The 17th Amendment allows for direct election of U.S. Senators

• Labor Laws-many laws were passed to improve work hours, working conditions, and to prevent child labor.

17th Amendment-YouTube

CONSERVATION• Led by Theodore Roosevelt. Established

national parks and water conservation measures in an effort to protect resources.

Conservation-YouTube