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    U n i t e d S t a t e s P a t e n t 0

    1

    3 , 3 1 8 , 7 3 9

    PROCESS

    FOR

    MAKING

    HEAT-STABILIZED

    PENTAERYTHRITOL

    TETRANITRATE

    H .

    W i l l i a m

    V o i g t , J r . ,

    S t a n h o p e ,

    N . J . ,

    a s s i g n o r

    t o t h e

    U n i t e d S t a t e s

    o f America a s r e p r e s e n t e d

    by

    t h e S e c r e

    t a r y

    o f t h e

    Army

    No D r a w i n g .

    F i l e d N o v .

    4 ,

    1 9 6 6 ,

    S e r .

    N o .

    5 9 2 , 6 8 1

    8

    C l a i m s .

    C l . 149-11)

    T h i s i n v e n t i o n r e l a t e s

    t o

    e x p l o s i v e c o m p o s i t i o n s a n d

    more

    p a r t i c u l a r l y

    c o n c e r n s methods f o r

    making

    h e a t

    s t a b i l i z e d PETN e x p l o s i v e s .

    P e n t a e r y t h r i t o l

    t e t r a n i t r a t e

    (PETN)

    h a s

    b e e n u s e d i n

    s u c h

    a p p l i c a t i o n s

    a s

    b o o s t e r s ,

    s q u i b s , i n i t i a t o r s , b l a s t i n g

    c a p s , s h e e t

    e x p l o s i v e s , d e t o n a t i n g

    c o r d s ,

    a n d t h e l i k e .

    The

    u n d e s i r a b l e

    h e a t

    s t a b i l i t y

    c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s o f PETN how

    e v e r

    have p r e v e n t e d

    i t s g e n e r a l widespread u s e a s a m i l i

    t a r y e x p l o s i v e

    i n t h i s

    a n d

    m a n y

    f o r e i g n

    c o u n t r i e s

    For

    e x a m p l e ,

    commercial PETN i e l d s an e x c e s s o f

    1 1

    m l . o f g a s w i t h i n a 1 7

    hour

    p e r i o d

    from

    o n l y a 2 . 3 gr a m

    s a m p l e when s u b j e c t e d t o t h e 1 2 0 C . V a c u u m S t a b i l i t y

    T e s t . O b v i o u s l y , t h i s i n s t a b i l i t y

    o f

    a h i g h

    e x p l o s i v e

    s u c h

    a s

    PETN

    would r e n d e r

    i t g e n e r a l l y u n s a f e

    f o r m i l i t a r y

    a p p l i c a t i o n s

    i n t h e ? e l d . I t would b e most a d v a n t a g e o u s

    f o r

    o v e r a l l

    m i l i t a r y

    p u r p o s e s i f methods c o u l d b e d e v i s e d

    w h e r e i n t h i s

    m a t e r i a l

    c o u l d b e r e n d e r e d h e a t s t a b l e .

    I t i s t h e r e f o r e

    an o b j e c t

    o f t h i s i n v e n t i o n t o p r o v i d e a

    h e a t

    s t a b l e

    PETN

    x p l o s i v e .

    A n o t h e r

    o b j e c t

    o f

    t h e i n v e n t i o n

    i s

    t o

    p r o v i d e m e t h o d s

    f o r p r e p a r i n g

    h e a t - s t a b l e PETN

    x p l o s i v e s .

    O t h e r

    o b j e c t s a n d f e a t u r e s o f t h i s i n v e n t i o n w i l l become

    a p p a r e n t a s t h e

    i n v e t n i o n i s more

    f u l l y h e r e i n a f t e r d i s

    c l o s e d .

    B r i e ? y ,

    I h a v e

    d i s c o v e r e d p r o c e s s e s f o r r e n d e r i n g PETN

    s u ? i c i e n t l y

    h e a t s t a b l e

    b y

    t r e a t i n g

    i t

    w i t h

    a s o l v e n t s o a s

    t o

    r e d u c e g a s s i n g o f

    t h e

    PETN when s u b j e c t e d t o

    e l e

    v a t e d t e m p e r a t u r e s t o s u c h a d e g r e e t h a t

    m i l i t a r y s t a b i l i t y

    r e q u i r e m e n t s

    f o r

    t h i s e x p l o s i v e

    a r e r e a d i l y m e t .

    More

    p a r t i c u l a r l y , PETN m a y now

    b e p r e p a r e d

    s u c h

    t h a t

    a

    2 . 3 gr a m

    s a m p l e ,

    w h e n s u b j e c t e d t o t h e 1 2 0

    C .

    V a c u u m t a b i l i t y T e s t f o r

    2 0

    h o u r s w i l l y i e l d o n l y a b o u t

    1 . 2 0 m l .

    o f

    g a s and about

    2 . 1 5

    m l . o f g a s

    i n

    a 40 hour

    p e r i o d .

    The 1 2 0

    C .

    V a c u u m

    S t a b i l i t y T e s t

    measures t h e sta

    b i l i t y

    o f a m a t e r i a l

    i n

    m l . o f g a s

    l i b e r a t e d t h e r e f r o m when

    s u b j e c t e d t o

    a

    p r e s s u r e

    o f

    about

    5

    mm.

    ercury

    a t

    1 2 0 C .

    f o r a p e r i o d

    o f

    t i m e . The t e s t i s d e s c r i b e d i n M i l i t a r y

    S p e c i ? c a t i o n ,

    MIL-P-387A, I a n . 9 ,

    1 9 5 7 , a n d

    i n S t a n d

    a r d L a b o r a t o r y P r o c e d u r e s

    f o r

    S e n s i t i v i t y ,

    B r i s a n c e

    a n d

    S t a b i l i t y o f E x p l o s i v e s , A r t h u r J .

    C l e a r , F e l t r n a n

    Re

    s e a r c h

    L a b o r a t o r i e s , P i c a t i n n y A r s e n a l , D o v e r , N . J . ,

    J a n u

    a r y 1 9 6 1 , p a g e s 25 t o 3 0 .

    M i l i t a r y

    r e q u i r e m e n t s s p e c i f y t h a t

    t h e maximum

    a mo u n t of g a s t o b e evolved i n a 2 0 hou r period f rom a

    2 . 3

    gr a m sample o f PETN

    t

    1 2 0 C .

    s h a l l

    n o t e x c e e d

    5

    m l . I n a c c o r d a n c e w i th t h e

    o b j e c t s

    a n d

    m i l i t a r y r e

    q u i r e m e n t s a b o v e - d e s c r i b e d , a b o u t 1 5 t o 5 0 w e i g h t p e r

    c e n t o f a commercial

    PETN,

    when d i s s o l v e d

    i n

    N-methyl

    2 - p y r r o l i d o n e

    t o form a s o l u t i o n , and

    which was

    poured

    i n t o a

    s u i t a b l e l i q u i d t o

    form s u s p e n s i o n ,

    ? l t e r e d ,

    washed

    and d r i e d , o n l y 1 . 2 0

    m l . o f

    g a s was e v o l v e d i n a

    20

    hour

    p e r i o d

    a t

    1 2 0

    C .

    The f o l l o w i n g a r e i l l u s t r a t i v e

    e x a m p l e s

    o f p r o c e s s e s

    o f

    my

    n v e n t i o n :

    EXAMPLE

    Coat

    1 0 g . o f a s t a n d a r d

    commercial

    d r y

    PETN

    c o n

    f o r m i n g t o M i l . S p e c . MILP~387A, J a n . 9 , 1 9 5 7 )

    w i t h

    a b o u t 0 . 2

    w e i g h t

    p e r c e n t p o l y v i n y l p y r r o l i d o n e

    P V P )

    h a v i n g a m o l e c u l a r w e i g h t o f a b o u t 9 0 , 0 0 0

    b y

    d i s s o l v i n g

    t h e p r o p e r q u a n t i t y

    o f PVP n water

    o r

    e t h a n o l and t h e n

    s t i r r i n g t h e PETN h e r e i n t o a n d d r y i n g . The g r a n u l a t i o n

    10

    20

    2 5

    30

    35

    4 0

    45

    55

    60

    65

    7 0

    1

    3 , 3 1 3 , 7 3 9

    P a t e n t e d M a y , 1 9 6 7

    i c e

    2

    o f t h e

    PETN

    s s u c h t h a t

    1 0 0

    w i l l p a s s t h r o u g h a US.

    S t a n d a r d

    S i e v e

    No.

    2 0 0 ,

    and

    which a s r e c e i v e d , t h e n

    d r i e d

    i n

    vacuum a t

    5 0

    C .

    f o r

    4

    h o u r s ,

    y i e l d e d

    1 1+

    m l . g a s

    when s u b j e c t t o t h e

    1 2 0

    C .

    Vacu u m

    S t a b i l i t y

    T e s t

    when

    u s i n g a 2 . 3 g . sample f o r

    a

    20 hour p e r i o d . D i s s o l v e t h e

    c o a t e d

    PETN n

    1 0 g . N - m e t h y l - Z - p y r r o l i d o n e

    i n

    a b e a k e r

    p l a c e d

    on

    a steam b a t h , t h e N - m e t h y l - Z - p y r r o l i d o n e s o l

    v e n t

    b e i n g m a i n t a i n e d

    a t

    60~80

    C .

    Pour t h e r e s u l t a n t

    s o l u t i o n

    s l o w l y i n t o a b e a k e r c o n t a i n i n g

    a b o u t

    50 m l . o f

    r a p i d l y

    a g i t a t e d e t h a n o l

    h e l d

    a t a b o u t 2 0 C . u n t i l

    a

    v e r y ? n e ,

    f u z z y - l i k e s u s p e n s i o n

    r e s u l t s .

    F i l t e r

    t h e s u s

    p e n s i o n

    on a Buchner l t e r

    u s i n g

    No.

    54

    ? l t e r p a p e r .

    The

    s o l i d c o l l e c t e d i s washed

    t w i c e

    w i t h a b o u t 5 0 m 1 . por

    t i o n s o f e t h a n o l . The washed c o l l e c t e d s o l i d i s t h e n a i r

    d r i e d i n a

    steam

    oven a t about 80 C.

    The

    d r i e d PETN

    p r o d u c e d

    was o f

    e x t r e m e l y ? n e p a r t i c l e s i z e 1 5

    mi

    c r o n s ) . A . 5 g .

    s a m p l e

    o f

    t h i s

    PETN

    r o d u c e d

    1 . 1 3

    m l . g a s

    i n

    20

    h o u r s

    and

    1 . 5 9

    m l . g a s

    i n

    40

    hours

    w h e n

    s u b j e c t e d

    t o

    t h e

    1 2 0

    C . V a c u u m

    S t a b i l i t y T e s t .

    EXAMPLE I

    The d r y PETN s d i s s o l v e d i n

    N ~ m e t h y l ~ 2 - p y r r o l i d o n e

    i n a m a n n e r

    d e s c r i b e d

    u n d e r Example I , e x c e p t :

    (

    1 )

    0 . 0 8

    g .

    o f

    PVP

    a v i n g a m o l e c u l a r w e i g h t o f

    a b o u t

    9 0 , 0 0 0 , i s c o - d i s s o l v e d

    w i t h

    t h e PETN n t h e s o l v e n t , a n d

    2 ) 2-50 m l . p o r t i o n s o f d i s t i l l e d water a r e

    used t o

    wash t h e c o l l e c t e d s o l i d

    i n

    l i e u

    o f

    e t h a n o l .

    E t h a n o l

    m a y

    b e

    u s e d s a t i s f a c t o r i l y

    h o w e v e r . )

    A . 5 g . s a m p l e o f

    t h i s

    PETN

    r o d u c e d

    1 . 2 9 m l . o f g a s

    i n 2 0 h o u r s and 1 . 6 3

    m l .

    o f g a s i n 4 0 h o u r s when s u b

    j e c t e d t o t h e 1 2 0 C .

    V a c u u m

    t a b i l i t y T e s t .

    EXAMPLE I I

    The

    d r y

    PETN s c o a t e d , a n d

    d i s s o l v e d

    i n

    N - m e t h y l - 2

    p y r r o l i d o n e

    s o l v e n t

    i n a

    m a n n e r d e s c r i b e d

    under

    Example

    I

    w i t h

    t h e f o l l o w i n g

    e x c e p t i o n :

    1 )

    0 . 6

    g . (6

    by w e i g h t o f t h e PETN) o f

    a

    phenoxy

    r e s i n h a v i n g t h e s t r u c t u r e

    r w e 1 r I n

    L

    O H :

    H O H H l N g - i o o

    a nd

    s e r v i n g a s a s t a b i l i z e r a nd binder was c o - d i s s o l v e d

    w i t h

    t h e solvent.

    2 ) The

    s o l u t i o n was poured i n t o

    a b o u t 50 m l . d i s t i l l e d

    water m a i n t a i n e d a t 1 6 C . t o form a s u s p e n s i o n having

    t e m p e r a t u r e o f a b o u t 3 2 C .

    3 )

    W a s h

    h e

    c o l l e c t e d

    s o l i d

    w i t h

    2 - 5 0

    m l . p o r t i o n s o f

    d i s t i l l e d w a t e r .

    R e s u l t s o f

    120

    C. Vacuum t a b i l i t y

    T e s t

    on

    a

    2 . 5

    g .

    s a m p l e showed 1 . 0 1 m l . and

    1 . 8 4

    m l .

    o f

    g a s e v o l v e d a f t e r

    2 0 h o u r s and

    40

    o u r s r e s p e c t i v e l y .

    EXAMPLE

    IV

    The d r y

    PETN, u n c o a t e d

    w i t h a n y PVP, i s

    d i s s o l v e d

    i n N - m e t h y l - Z - p y r r o l i d o n e s o l v e n t i n a

    m a n n e r

    d e s c r i b e d

    u n d e r Example e x c e p t :

    1 )

    PETN as

    d i s s o l v e d i n

    20 g . s o l v e n t a t

    a

    tempera

    t u r e o f a b o u t

    40

    C .

    ( 2 ) S o l u t i o n

    was poured

    i n t o 1 0 0 m l . d i s t i l l e d w a t e r a t

    2 0

    C . , r e s u l t a n t

    s u s p e n s i o n

    t e m p e r a t u r e b e i n g 3 0

    C .

    3 ) C o l l e c t e d s o l i d s

    were washed

    w i t h

    2-50

    m l . por

    t i o n s

    d i s t i l l e d w a t e r .

    For

    a 2 . 5 g .

    s a m p l e o f PETN, t h e

    1 2 0 C .

    V a c u u m

    S t a b i l i t y

    T e s t r e v e a l e d 1 . 2 8

    and

    2 . 1 1 m l . o f g a s e v o l u t i o n

    f o r

    a 20 hour and 40 hour p e r i o d r e s p e c t i v e l y .

    I f

    i n t h e

    p r e c e d i n g

    Example I V , a c e t o n e i s s u b s t i t u t e d

    f o r N - m e t h y l - 2 - p y r r o l i d o n e , a b o u t

    3 5 PETN

    n l y m a y

    be d i s s o l v e d t h e r e i n

    w h e r e a s

    a b o u t

    5 0

    PETN

    m a y

    be

    r e a d i l y

    d i s s o l v e d i n N - m e t h y l - Z - p y r r o l i d o n e . F u r t h e r , t h e

    g a s e v o l u t i o n c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s

    o f t h e a c e t o n e- d i s s o l v e d

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    3 , 3 1 8 , 7 3 9

    3

    PETN s s l i g h t l y i n f e r i o r

    t o

    t h e

    N - m e t h y - l - Z - p y r r o l i d o n e

    d i s s o l v e d PETN.

    My n v e n t i v e

    p r o c e s s m a y

    b e u s e d

    a d v a n t a g e o u s l y

    i n

    t h e s t a b i l i z a t i o n o f v i o l e n t e x p l o s i v e s s u c h a s m a n n i t o l

    hexanitrate

    EXAMPLE

    V

    8 g . d r y

    h e a t - u n s t a b l e

    PETN and 2 g . m a n n i t o l hexa

    n i t r a t e

    (100

    p a s s i n g

    t h r o u g h

    a US.

    S t a n d a r d

    S i e v e , N o .

    2 0 0

    were

    e a c h p r e c o a t e d w i t h 0.2 PVP m o l e c u l a r

    w e i g h t

    a b o u t

    9 0 , 0 0 0 ) a n d t h e n d i s s o l v e d s i m u l t a n e o u s l y

    i n 1 5

    g . N - m e t h y l - 2 - p y r r o l i d o n e

    m a i n t a i n e d a t 5 1 C . t o

    form a s o l u t i o n . The s o l u t i o n i s p o u r e d i n t o 7 5

    m l .

    c o l d

    e t h a n o l 0 C . )

    t o

    form a s u s p e n s i o n h a v i n g - a t e m p e r a

    t u r e o f a b o u t 1 8 0 C . The s u s p e n s i o n i s f i l t e r e d a n d t h e

    c o l l e c t e d s o l i d washed

    w i t h

    6 t h a n o l i n water

    a t

    room

    t e m p e r a t u r e .

    A

    e r y

    f i n e a c i c u l a r

    p r o d u c t

    r e s u l t e d

    h a v i n g

    a

    d i a m e t e r of a b o u t

    1

    micron.

    When u b j e c t e d t o

    a

    9 5 C .

    V a c u u m

    S t a b i l i t y T e s t , a

    2 . 3

    g .

    s a m p l e p r o d u c e d

    5 . 5 8

    m l .

    g a s

    a f t e r

    20 h o u r s

    a n d

    9 . 0 8 m l . o f g a s

    a f t e r 4 0

    h o u r s .

    W h e n

    t h e

    same

    q u a n t i t i e s o f

    u n t r e a t e d

    PETN-mannitol

    h e x a n i t r a t e

    w e r e

    s u b j e c t t o

    t h e

    9 5

    C . V a c u u m S t a b i l i t y

    T e s t , t h e e x p l o s i v e e i t h e r e x p l o d e d o r p r o d u c e d 11+ m l .

    o f

    g a s

    w i t h i n

    a p e r i o d

    o f

    30

    m i n u t e s .

    From t h e

    f o r e g o i n g

    d e s c r i p t i o n , i t i s

    a p p a r e n t

    t h a t

    I

    h a v e p r o v i d e d p r o c e s s e s f o r

    o b t a i n i n g

    h e a t - s t a b i l i z e d

    PETN h i c h p e r m i t s i t s

    s a f e u s e

    i n d i v e r s e

    a p p l i c a t i o n s ,

    b o t h

    c o m e r c i a l

    a n d m i l i t a r y .

    F u r t h e r , o t h e r p r o p e r t i e s ,

    s u c h a s d e t o n a t i o n r a t e ,

    i m p a c t

    s e n s i t i v i t y ,

    b r i s a n c e , a n d

    t h e l i k e , a r e

    n o t

    d e l e t e r i o u s l y e f f e c t e d

    b y

    my

    n v e n t i v e

    p r o c e s s e s o f p r o v i d i n g h e a t - s t a b i l i z e d PETN.

    I c l a i m :

    1 . A ethod f o r p r o d u c i n g

    p e n t a e r y t h r i t o l

    t e t r a n i t r a t e

    h e a t s t a b l e

    a t

    1 2 0 C . c o m p r i s i n g

    d i s s o l v i n g

    d r y , h e a t - u n

    s t a b l e p e n t a e r y t h r i t o l t e t r a n i t r a t e i n

    N - m e t h y l - Z - p y r r o l i

    done

    maintained a t e l e v a t e d

    t e m p e r a t u r e s

    t o form

    a s o l u

    t i o n ,

    p o u r i n g

    s a i d s o l u t i o n i n t o a l i q u i d s e l e c t e d from t h e

    group c o n s i s t i n g

    o f

    water and a l c o h o l s t o form

    a . s u s

    p e n s i o n ,

    ? l t e r i n g s a i d s u s p e n s i o n t o c o l l e c t a

    s o l i d ,

    w a s h i n g

    s a i d

    s o l i d a n d

    d r y i n g s a i d washed

    s o l i d

    t o o b t a l n

    . s a i d

    h e a t - s t a b l e

    p e n t a e r y t h r i t o l t e t r a n i t r a t e .

    2 . The method

    o f c l a i m

    1 w h e r e i n s a i d d r y , h e a t - u n

    s t a b l e

    p e n t a e r y t h r i t o l

    t e t r a n i t r a t e i s p r e s e n t i n

    an amount

    o f about 10 r a m s ,

    s a i d N - m e t h y l - Z - p y r r o l i d o n e

    i s p r e s e n t

    i n an

    amount

    r a n g i n g

    between a b o u t

    1 0 t o 20 grams m a i n t a i n e d

    a t

    a t e m p e r a t u r e o f a b o u t 4 0 C . ,

    and

    s a i d l i q u i d c o m p r i s e s a b o u t 1 0 0 m l . o f d i s t i l l e d w a t e r

    m a i n t a i n e d a t a b o u t 2 0 C .

    3 .

    The method

    o f

    c l a i m

    1 w h e r e i n s a i d d r y , h e a t - u n

    s t a b l e p e n t a e r y t h r i t o l t e t r a n i t r a t e i s c o a t e d

    w i t h a b o u t

    0 . 2

    W e i g h t

    p e r c e n t

    o f

    p o l y v i ny l p y r r o l i d o n e h a v i n g a

    m o l e c u l a r w ei g h t o f a b o u t

    9 0 , 0 0 0 .

    1 0

    1 5

    2 0

    30

    45

    55

    4

    4 . The

    method

    o f c l a i m

    1 w h e r e i n

    s a i d d r y ,

    h e a t - u n

    s t a b l e

    p e n t a e r y t h r i t o l t e t r a n i t r a t e i s

    c o - d i s s o l v e d

    w i t h

    a b o u t 0 . 8

    w e i g h t

    p e r c e n t

    o f p o l y v i n y l p y r r o l i d o n e

    i n s a i d

    N - m e t h y l - Z - p y r o l i d o n e ,

    s a i d p o l y v i n y l p y r o l i d o n e

    h a v i n g a m o l e c u l a r w e i g h t

    o f

    a b o u t

    9 0 , 0 0 0 .

    5 . The method o f c l a i m 3 w h e r e i n s a i d d r y , h e a t - u n

    s t a b l e p e n t a e i r y t h r i t o l t e t r a n i t r a t e a n d

    s a i d

    N - m e t h y l - Z

    p y r o l i d o n e

    a r e p r e s e n t i n an amount o f

    a b o u t

    1 0

    g .

    e a c h ,

    s a i d

    e l e v a t e d t e m p e r a t u r e s r a n g e between a b o u t 6 0 t o

    8 0 C . ,

    a n d

    s a i d l i q u i d

    c o m p r i s e s

    a b o u t 5 0 m l . e t h a n o l m a i n t a i n e d

    a t

    a

    temperature o f

    about

    20 C .

    6 .

    The method o f c l a i m 3 w h e r e i n s a i d c o a t e d h e a t

    u n s t a b l e

    p e n t a e r y t h r i t o l

    t e t r a n i t r a t e i s c o - d i s s o l v e d

    w i t h

    a b o u t 0 . 6 w e i g h t p e r c e n t o f

    a

    s t a b i l i z e r h a v i n g a

    s t r u c t u r e

    7 .

    A

    e t h o d

    f o r p r o d u c i n g

    p e n t a e r y t h r i t o l

    t e t r a n i t r a t e

    m a n n i t o l

    h e x a n i t r a t e h e a t

    s t a b l e a t 1 2 0

    C .

    c o m p r i s i n g

    t h e s t e p s o f

    c o a t i n g

    a m i x t u r e o f

    h e a t - u n s t a b l e

    p e n t a e r y t h r i t o l t e t r a

    n i t r a t e a n d

    m a n n i t o l h e x a n i t r a t e e a c h

    w i t h p o l y v i n y l

    p y r r o l i d o n e ,

    d i s s o l v i n g s a i d

    c o a t e d

    m i x t u r e i n

    N m e t h y l - 2 - p y r r o l i

    done t o

    form s o l u t i o n ,

    p o u r i n g s a i d s o l u t i o n

    i n t o

    a

    l i q u i d s e l e c t e d

    from

    t h e

    group c o n s i s t i n g

    o f water

    a nd

    a l c o h o l s t o form a

    s u s

    p e n s i o n ,

    ? l t e r i n g s a i d

    s u s p e n s i o n

    t o c o l l e c t a s o l i d ,

    w a s h i n g

    s a i d

    s o l i d a n d d r y i n g

    s a i d washed

    s o l i d

    t o

    o b

    t a i n

    h e a t - s t a b l e

    p e n t a e r y t h r i t o l t e tr a n i t r a t e - m a n n i t o l

    h e x a n i t r a t e .

    8 .

    The

    method

    f

    c l a i m

    7

    f u r t h e r c h a r a c t e r i z e d

    b y

    s a i d

    h e a t - u n s t a b l e

    PETN e i n g

    p r e s e n t

    i n a n amount o f a b o u t

    8 g r a m s ,

    s a i d m a n n i t o l h e x a n i t r a t e

    b e i n g p r e s e n t i n

    an

    amount

    o f a b o u t 2 g r a m s ,

    s a i d p o l y v i n y l p y r r o l i d o n e

    h a v i n g

    a m o l e c u l a r w e i g h t

    o f a b o u t 9 0 , 0 0 0

    a n d

    b e i n g p r e s e n t i n

    an

    amount o f

    a b o u t

    0 . 2 w e i g h t p e r c e n t o f s a i d h e a t - u n s t a b l e PETN

    a n d m a n n i t o l h e x a n i t r a t e ,

    and

    s a i d N - m e t h y l - 2 - p y r r o l i d o n e b e i ng p r e s e n t

    i n

    an

    amount

    o f

    a b o u t

    1 5 g r a m s .

    R e f e r e n c e s C i t e d by

    t h e

    Examiner

    UNITED

    STATES

    PATENTS

    2,154,552 4 / 1 9 3 9

    Wyler

    __________ _ _ 149--93 X

    2 , 8 6 7 , 6 4 7

    l / 1 9 5 9

    ow

    t

    a 1 .

    ______

    __

    1 4 9 - 9 3

    X

    3 , 0 9 7 , 1 2 2 7 / 1 9 6 3 Cox

    t

    - a l _________

    __

    14993 X

    L .

    DEWAYNE RUTLEDGE, P r i m a r y E x a m i n e r .

    S .

    I . LECHERT,

    R . ,

    A s s i s t a n t E x a m i n e r .


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