Use of building materials

PRESENTATED BY:

INSTRUCTORE:

PROF Özlem olgac turker

MOHAMMAD KAMALZADEH 115706

”the most interesting architectural possibility is living in contact with materials” (Brown, 2004).

Building are made of different kind of materials. It is very important to know these building materials. The knowledge of different building materials, their properties

and uses help in achieving economy and efficient use of materials. The cost of materials in the construction of a building ranges from 60 to 70 percent of the total cost.

Recyclable

Today we recycle for a variety of reasons.   Recycling helps saves energy, creates jobs, and helps build a strong economy.  And it reduces problems associated with litter and trash. 

Recycling is not a new concept.

Of Recycling

  People have been doing it for thousands of years.  And not just people: Nature has been recycling plants, trees, insects, and creatures for as long as there has been nature. 

So, recycling is as old and as natural as the earth itself. 

As early as 400 BC (and even earlier)

As for the history of recycling prior to the industrial revolution, recycling and general household re-using was actually a commonplace practice.And when materials did become worn beyond further use, recyclable ones (e g. glass, aluminum) were recycled into new items.

In hard times (e g. wartime), metals from everything like jewelry and coins were being melted for weapons or other necessary goods. Pottery recycling operations have been uncovered as well.Archaeologist also deduced from waste remnants about the history of recycling  that recycling was a popular practice during times of distress.

For example

Why Recycle? 

Recycling is playing a significant and increasing role in our society. 

When we recycle, used materials are converted into new products, reducing the need to consume natural resources. Recycling helps conserve important raw materials and protects natural habitats for the future.

.Recycling saves energy

.Recycling helps protect the environment

.Recycling reduces landfill

For example

materials that can be recycled include:Appliances and fixturesBrush and TreesCardboard and PaperLumber and Plywood (in reusable form)Masonry (in reusable form or as fill)MetalsPlastics – numbered containers, bags and sheetingRoofing (in reusable form)Windows and Doors

Case Study

Bamboo Courtyard Teahouse / Harmony World Consulting & Design

http://www.dezeen.com/2012/09/08/bamboo-courtyard-teahouse-by-hwcd-associates/

Architects: Harmony World Consulting & DesignLocation: ShiQiao, Yangzhou, ChinaArchitect In Charge: Sun WeiDesign Team: Shi Jun, Peter Dykes, Zhang Qian QianArea: 400 sqmYear: 2012

 

 

 

Located in the Shi Qiao garden in Yangzhou, a city to the northwest of Shanghai, there is a floating Bamboo Courtyard Teahouse designed by Chinese architect Sun Wei, partner ofHWCD.

http://www.dezeen.com

The Bamboo Courtyard is embracing the traditional Chinese garden fundamentals while blending into the natural environment. The bamboo is arranged vertically and horizontally to produce “depth” and visual effects as you walk around. Tall rows of bamboo sticks create corridors along the outdoor walkway and are organized in asymmetric fashion on the lake.

http://www.dezeen.com

The natural materials such as bamboo and bricks provide sustainable sensibilities.

China has a 5,000-year history including the earliest history of bamboo use in the world.

In ancient China, bamboo was used for making arrows, books, palace buildings, paper and many other items.

Bamboo is technically a grass, not a wood product found in both tropical and sub-tropical climates throughout the world, grown in Asia, Africa the Caribbean and Latin America.

Bamboo has regrowth potential many times that of hardwood, putting out several full length, full diameter, naturally pre-finished, ready-to-use culms ("stems") each year. A single Bamboo clump can produce up to 15 kilometers of usable pole (up to 30 cm in diameter) in its lifetime . Within a few months of growth, a Bamboo tree can attain its full height (10 - 20m tall and 10 - 15cm in diameter) and five years later establishes full hardness . A twenty meter tree cut for market takes approximately 60 years to replace. A twenty meter Bamboo cut for market takes five years to replace.

Bamboo is one of the most widely used building materials in the world, but mainly by poor people . therefor, it is nickname is the ‘poor man’s timber’ and as soon as people have enough money they will build a house of stone or concrete.

http://www.dezeen.com

Containers

Containers

Containers of Hope by Benjamin Garcia Saxe

http://www.dezeen.com

Garcia Lachner

Architects:  Benjamin Garcia

Saxe Architecture

Location: San Jose, Costa Rica 

Project area: 100 sqm

Project year: 2011

Photographs: Andres Garcia

Lachner

 

 

 

Costa Rican architect Benjamin Garcia

Saxe‘s latest project, Containers of Hope,

is a new iteration of the shipping container

house.

http://www.dezeen.com

Using two discarded

shipping containers, he’s

created an affordable and

attractive modern home.

Located in San Jose, Costa

Rica the home is

constructed by staggering

the containers side-by-side

and adding a recycled

metal roof.

http://www.dezeen.com

The final cost of the house

(40,000USD) is lower than the

cost of social housing

provided for the poor in Costa

Rica.

http://www.dezeen.com

Can Cube / Archi Union Architects Inc

Architects: Archi Union

Architects Inc

Location: Shanghai, China

Project Area: 1,000 sqm

Project Year: 2009-2010

Photographs: Sheng Zhonghai

Located in Shanghai, China, the ‘Can Cube’ is an innovative

sustainable mixed-use residential and  office building  designed

by Chinese architectural practice Archi Union that integrating

several ecological and renewable systems to make it a

highly energy efficient and sustainable design structure.

project info:

http://www.archdaily.com

The Can Cube features a unique façade system, which is made of

aluminum carbonated drink cans enclosed in an aluminum frame.

The building façade saves the energy wasted during recycling

processes by reusing the cans in their current form, without the

need for recycling or further processes.

can wall detail Enclosing them in

an aluminum frame keeps the

structure light and easily

adjustable by its occupants.

Exterior building Can Cube unique facade system.

http://www.archdaily.com

Ecological Children Activity and Education Center 24H architecture

http://www.archdaily.com

 

 

 

project info:

 

 client: six senses resorts and spas

reference client: sonu shivdasani

architect: 24h-architecture

design: boris zeisser, maartje lammers with: olav bruin, anne laure

nolen

program: auditorium/cinema, library, art room, music room, fashion

room, chill balcony and slide.

site address: soneva kiri resort, 110 moo 4, koh kood sub-district, koh

kood district, trat 23000, thailand

design: 2007

construction: 2008-2009

completion: 2009

floor area: 165 sqm

bamboo consultant: jörg stamm, colombia

local architect: habita architects, thailand

structural engineer building: planning & design, thailand

structural engineer for wind-tunnel tests: ove arup thailand

site plan

concept sketch model

INSPIRED BY NATURE

http://www.archdaily.com

The structure and roof are made from

local Thai bamboo, thus contributing

further to the ecological approach of

the resort.

The interior is made from local

plantation River Red Gum wood and

rattan structural elements for the

inner domes.

view from uphill, the roof transitions into the rocky mountainside

primary construction material

Roof plan

http://www.archdaily.com

roof tiles

construction of the canopy: placing the tiles

http://www.archdaily.com

construction

http://www.archdaily.com

elevationelevation

two bamboo columns anchor the structure 

sectionbamboo structural diagram

http://www.archdaily.com

roof and internal structure construction details 

http://www.archdaily.com

bamboo connection detail

pinned together with nut, bolt and washerhttp://www.archdaily.com

concrete footing and column detail 

http://www.archdaily.com

interior is an open plan under an umbrella-like canopy

interior structure construction

http://www.archdaily.com

ventilation diagram

http://www.archdaily.com

Eastern Sierra House

http://www.archdaily.com

Eastern Sierra House

Project Owner: 

Suzanne Johnson

Location: 

239 Five Creek Road

Gardnerville  Nevada  89423

United States

Submitting Architect: 

Arkin Tilt Architects

Project Completion Date: 

December, 2004

Project Site: 

Previously Undeveloped Land

Project Type: 

Residential – Single-Family attached

Project Site Context/Setting: 

Rural

Building or Project Gross Floor Area: 

3,450 square feet

http://www.archdaily.com

Materials & Construction

A wide variety of resource-efficient building systems are featured, along with significant quantities of salvaged resources and nontoxic materials. The earth-bermed and retaining walls are insulated concrete forms (ICFs), requiring 50% less concrete than conventional, poured walls. All concrete has replaced a minimum of 25% of the Portland cement with fly ash, and the interior slabs are finished with ferrous sulfate and a water-based sealer.The main level has straw bale walls, finished inside and out with sprayed earth (utilizing site soils). Wood-frame exterior walls constructed with wood certified by the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) are sheathed with slats of stained fiber-cement-board panels, which weather well in this high-UV environment. The roofs are of ten-inch structural insulated panels (SIPs), with an insulation value of R-45. Salvaged fir 4x10 splines extend and are visible beyond the walls, supporting the generous four-foot overhangs that further protect the walls from the sun.

http://www.archdaily.com

The panels of the trombe wall are made of salvaged glass, overlapped in rows like shingles.

http://www.archdaily.com

Energy Flows & Energy Future

http://www.archdaily.com

Studio 804's Modular3 Design

http://inhabitat.com/prefab-friday-studio-804-modular3/

Modular3: Studio 804 Dec 11,

2006 on  Kansas City  in United

States|  by Levent Ozler2

Studio 804's 2006 Modular 3

house recently won

Architecture Magazine's fifth

annual Home of the Year Award.

The unique aspect of Modular 3

is that it used pre-fabrication

techniques, in which it was

constructed in a warehouse and

later shipped and installed on

site.

http://inhabitat.com/prefab-friday-studio-804-modular3/

Drawing on the experience of previous projects, Studio 804 was able to design and construct a home employing off-site, modular construction techniques as well as environmentally friendly materials, in a mere 20 weeks.

Wood is the natural material of choice for building the prefabricated units, as it is economical, easy to assemble, and flexible in maintaining structural to learners.

http://inhabitat.com/prefab-friday-studio-804-modular3/

The wood was then reused for the construction of the FEMA approved tornado shelter , which was installed in the absence of a basement.

www.archinnovations.com

Studio 804's Modular3 Design

Studio 804′s Modular3 Design | Inhabit at – Sustainable Design Innovation,Eco Architecture, Green Building

www.archinnovations.com

Sustainability in housing can encompass the idea of designing residences to allow people to age in place. This would conserve building-related resources and improve quality of life.

Successful designers develop a deep understanding of the resources they use whether it is based on a narrow or a wide range of materials.

Suitability and availability have a major impact in the process of selections materials.

Resources:

• http://www.archdaily.com/323464/• http://www.mediaty.com/courtyard-design-bamboo-courtyard-teahouse-h

armony-world-consulting-amp-design/

• http://blog.gessato.com/2013/02/27/bamboo-courtyard-teahouse-by-hwcd/#ixzz2kY6DatWB

• http://www.designboom.com/architecture/hwcd-bamboo-courtyard-teahouse/

• http://www.dezeen.com/2012/09/08/bamboo-courtyard-teahouse-by-hwcd-associates/

• http://www.archdaily.com/85278/• http://hinterior.com/can-cube-in-shanghai-china-by-archi-union-architects

/• http://design-milk.com/containers-of-hope-by-benjamin-garcia-saxe/• http://www.archdaily.com/143332/• http://www.arthitectural.com/24h-architecture-ecological-children-activit

y-and-education-center/• http://www.designboom.com/architecture/24h-architecture-childrens-acti

vity-and-learning-center-thailand/• http://www.archdaily.com/34946/• http://constructionwaste.sustainablesources.com/#MINIMIZE• http://

www.all-recycling-facts.com/history-of-recycling.html#ixzz2kfLHIVjp• http://inhabitat.com/prefab-friday-studio-804-modular3/• http://www.archinnovations.com/featured-projects/houses/studio-804-mo

dular-3-prefab-house/