Use the graph below to answer the following questions.

a. What kind of graph is this?

b. According to the graph, which has a larger radius, Neptune or Uranus?

c. According to the graph, what is the radius of Saturn?

d. Which planet is almost 5 times the size of Venus?

OBJECTIVESWBAT Compare the

chemical structures of carbohydrates, lipids, protein, and nucleic acids, and relate their importance to living things.

Lab Tomorrow

BE ON TIME!!!!!!!!

Homework!

• Write down in your agenda book!

• Write down everything you eat today.

• Breakfast, lunch, dinner and snacks.

• Write down which biomolecules make up the food.

• You cannot participate in the lab until this is done.

You Are What You Eat!

A Unit on BiomoleculesCarbohydrates, Proteins, Lipids & Nucleic Acids

Dissecting A Nutrition Label

Fats

Carbohydrates

Protein

Vitamins & Minerals

What are organic compounds?

• most matter in your body is made of organic compounds

• organic compounds contain carbon

• carbon atoms covalently bond to other elements like H and O

Polymers

• large compounds of linked carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids are called polymers

• These large organic compounds are called biomolecules.

4 organic compounds found in the human body

1. Carbohydrates

2. Lipids

3. Proteins

4. Nucleic Acids

*All are polymers*All are organic (C) compounds

Topic: Biomolecules Take Notes!

BIOMOLECULE MADE OF…

EXTRA INFO EXAMPLES

CARBOHYDRATES(sugars and

starches)

LIPIDS/FATS

PROTEINS

NUCLEIC ACIDS

1. Carbohydrates

CARBOHYDRATES

SUGARSSTARCHES

Quick energy

Long Term Energy

Carbohydrates

•A biomolecule composed of Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen.

•Glucose (sugar) is a Carbohydrate

Ratio:

C6H12O6

Runners “carbo-load”

Carbs are a major source of energy!

Examples of Carbohydrates

Fruits, vegetables, and grains

1. ______________ are substances used by the body for energy and proper cell function. 

2. Carbohydrates are used to _______and ________ energy. 

3. The two major kinds of carbs are _______ and _________. 

4. Sugars are called _________ carbs because they are the ___________ carb molecules. 

5. ____________ is the most important fuel in plants and animals.

6. Candy and other sweets contain __________ which is table sugar.

7. Complex carbohydrates can be separated into two groups: ____________ and __________.  

Nutrients

store transport

simple complex

simple

Glucose

smallest

starches fiber

sucrose

8. Fiber is found in ________, _________, and ___________. 

9. Glucose is called ________ sugar. 

10. Intestines generally break down __________ sugars more easily then _____________. 

11. Candy and sweets cause a spike in __________________. 

12. ___________ ___________ digest slowly. 

13. The more _______________ a carbohydrate the worse it is for you.

14. Anything is bad for you if you ____________________. 

fruits veggies grains

blood

simple

blood sugar

Whole grains

processed

over do it

starches

2. Lipids / Fats

Lipids (Fats)

• Made of C, H, & O in chains• Examples: found in oils, butter,

soaps & waxes

Take Notes!

3. Proteins

What Do Proteins Look Like?The building blocks of Proteins are amino acids.

*Unlike Carbohydrates, proteins contain Nitrogen.

Proteins

Needed for the growth and repair of body tissues

Where can we find proteins in living things?

1.) hair

2.) finger nails

3.) horns

4.) hoofs

Examples of Proteins

Meat, egg, dairy, seeds, nuts, & beans

4. Nucleic Acids

Nucleic Acids• Carry genetic information in cells

• 2 types of nucleic acids

1.) DNA

2.) RNA

Nucleic Acid Structure

• Nucleic acids are made up of nucleotides

• DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) – carries genetic information

• RNA (ribonucleic acid) – makes proteins

Nucleic Acids

• Made of nucleotides• Carry genetic information in cells

• Examples: DNA or RNA

Take Notes!

What did you learn?• What are the 4 types of organic

compounds?

1.) carbohydrates (sugars)

2.) lipids (fats)

3.) proteins

4.) nucleic acids

What are carbohydrates?

• main source of energy in body

• found in fruits, vegetables and grains

apples, corn, soda pop, potatoes, bread and broccoli

What are lipids (fats)?

• store energy in the body

• used as insulation around organs and tissues

• 2 types saturated and unsaturated

• found in fats, steroids and waxes

• examples, cooking oil, butter, ice cream and chips

What are proteins?

• are made from peptide bonds formed from amino acids

• there are 20 amino acids

• we make 10 naturally

• must consume the other 10 by eating poultry, fish, milk beef and nuts

Nucleic Acids

• All cells have nucleic acids

• 2 types are DNA and RNA

Homework: Keep a Food Journal

Write down EVERY food you eat for 5 days!