US.F.CivilWarProject.ParkChristian

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THE CRISIS

November 9 2011

OF CIVIL WAR


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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Readying for War Pg.3-4

Commanders and Conflicts Pg.5-9

Americans During the Civil War Pg.10-11

The Aftermath of the Civil War Pg.12-13

Bibliography Pg.14-15


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READYING FOR WAR

Union had many abundant and diverse resources, including

numerous, well-trained generals and soldiers. It also had many

factories to produce firearms and machines for war. It had large

amounts of food, such as corn and wheat, and had big railroadsystem for transportation. It had long cable of telegraphs for an

efficient communication system. It had huge man power to work in

many factories to manufacture essential materials, such as

clothes, and had many men to fight in the war.

RESOURCES


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READYING FOR WAR

Union prepared its army by asking the white citizens to volunteer

to serve in the army for about three months, later three years, in

total, prior to the first major conflicts. Asking for volunteers was

its strategy to get men to join up. Men were trained under the

leaderships of the Union generals. They were trained to fight fromthe trenches. The men were equipped with rifle, mini ball, and

hand grenades. The new weapons were very destructive and

effective in the battles.

PREPARATION


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COMMANDERS AND CONFLICT

LEADERS

Ulysses S. Grant was qualifiedbecause he was a veryntelligent strategist and

courageous general. He wasalways confident with what hewas doing and fought forvictory no matter what thesituation his army is in. He wasextremely experienced fromMexican War, thoughtful andharsh to his enemies. Some ofhe major engagements he took

part in were Shiloh, Forts Henryand Donelson, Vicksburg, Battleof the Wilderness, andAppomattox Court House. Somenteresting facts about Grant ishat he declared that he did notove military life and he loved

horses since he was young.

Andrew Johnson was qualified

because he was very energetic and

logical. He was stubborn in his

beliefs and he was full of political

experiences. He just hated the

Confederates and thus was an active

supporter of Union. He was filled with

leadership. He did not take in any of

the engagements, or battles,

specifically in the Civil War itself. He

was just a military governor of

Tennessee and actively participated

in trying to help Union be successful.

He did not literally participate in anyof the battles. Some interesting facts

about Johnson is that he was the

only Southern governor who

abandoned Confederacy and

supported the Union in the Civil War.

He also did not support the abolition

of slavery in Civil War.

George A. Custer was qualifiedbecause he was a West Pointgraduate. He was veryexperienced by following the ot

generals in many battles of theCivil War. He was very brave andid not fear losing. He wasdeceitful and strategic in hisbattles. He entered the Civil Wawhen he was young and thus wvery energetic. Some of the majengagements he took part in wFirst Battle of Bull Run, Battle oGettysburg, Battle of theWilderness, and Appomattox CoHouse. Some interesting factsabout Custer is that he was verweak and did poor job when hewas attending West PointAcademy, yet he was a greatgeneral. He wore very distinctivclothes during the Civil War.


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ENGAGEMENTS

Battle of the Wilderness- The Battle of the Wilderness took place in the Wilderness, which is a fornear Virginia. The battle began as a strategy of the Union to make the resources of the Confederarun out to the point that it cannot fight any more. Union wanted to just make Confederates tosurrender by using the advantage of the resources and started the battle to capture Richmond.General Grant was leading the Union side with decisive actions. A special thing about Grant was he did not care how many soldiers died in the Union, since he was sure that he can replace them

with more men, when Confederacy cannot. In the battle, many of the soldiers were burned from tburning trees. Soldiers started to kill each other. It was a very bloody battle that killed so manypeople. It was harsh and intense. The battle is memorable since it is the first battle of Grantsoverland campaign. The Union lost more men than Confederates, yet they had more men to replacthe dead. It was tied between Union and Confederacy. This battle influenced the continuance of wto slow down by starting to make the resources of the Confederacy very insufficient. It made thewar very intense and was a crucial point that would lead to revealing which side is the victor of twar.


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ENGAGEMENTS

Appomattox Court House- The Appomattox Court House took place in Appomattox Court House,Virginia. The battle began as a chance of the Union to bring the war to an end and to make theConfederacy surrender finally. Confederacy was trying to make their last chance to avoidsurrendering to Union, but Union fought against them to prevent the event from happening asConfederacy desired it to be. Ulysses S. Grant was leading the battle in Appomattox Court House.

Anything special about General Grant is that he was confident in everything he did and just lookedforward to the victory, but nothing else. In the battle, Confederates tried to advance against theUnion, but the army was surrounded by 3 Union armies. This battle is memorable because it is thelast battle of Civil War before Lees surrender. The Union won the battle and caused the Civil War toend forever. Grant allowed Confederacy to take their properties back and gave them some freedomafter the Confederacy surrendered. This battle and the surrender that followed influenced thecontinuance of the war by causing the entire Civil War to be put to an end.


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MINORITY GROUPSAfrican Americans influenced the fighting force of Union byserving in the Union army to the point that there was about10% army as African Americans. They were man power andresources for the Union that they can use to replace thesoldiers in the army. They were workers to do the hard anddangerous things in the army such as cleaning the trenchesThe African Americans made the Union army bigger andstronger since they were resources that could replace thesoldiers killed in the battles. They helped the army to be moeffective, even though many of the African Americanssuffered huge discriminations in the army.

Women influenced the fighting force of the Union by curing the Union soldiers who have beenwounded from the battle. They served as nurses and they worked very well. They cured and helpedthe injured soldiers. Many went to the front line to help and cure the wounded soldiers. Women als

replaced the jobs that men did in their states. They continued to produce the ammunitions andweapons that are required for the battle. They mainly influenced the fighting force by curing themand producing the resources or products required for the battles in place of men.

Immigrants influenced the fighting force of the Union by serving the Union army. Most of them wereforced to work because of their poverty, since the wealthy people replaced themselves with theimmigrants using money. They were a good source of man power. Many of them complained, thougthat the war was affecting their lives too enormously even though it was just because of the AfricaAmericans. However, they embraced serving in the army since they were paid with good amount ofmoney. They helped the Union army to fight better and were good sources of labor force in the army

itself.Spies influenced the fighting force of the Union by giving precious information of the Confederatesbattle plans to the Union generals. They helped the army so much because their actions often led tarmy into the victory by stealing the opponents plan. Whenever the spies get the informations fromthe opponent, usually through disguise, the generals from the Union will interpret the battle plan anuse it to take advantage. The opponent army will be attacked with a surprise and thus, it would leato victory. Spies helped the Union army to get a better chance of success and were great sources fgetting information from the Confederate army.


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AMERICANS DURING THE CIVIL WAR

CAMP LIFE

Life for soldiers serving in the Union army was horrible, yet better than the Confederat

camp. It was just a pure misery to live in the Union camp. It was very unstable and

disgusting. For fun, the Union soldiers sang and danced often. They wrote letters to the

families and read newspapers for fun. They wrote diaries usually. They did not have al

their needs met, especially their foods. Many of them suffered from lack of food and

starved. They were not getting enough food and time to spend with their families. Man

did not get a chance to shower, or wash their hands even, everyday. The survival rate oUnion soldiers was low at first due to diseases and lack of experience. Later on, the

diseases were controlled and soldiers were experienced, so the survival rate of the

soldiers was pretty high. The types of things that the soldiers wrote home about was

things like what their normal day schedule is, what they do for fun, and what they eat.

They served about 3 years in the Union army. If they abandoned the army, they were

captured back and were forced to do more dangerous jobs. Some were imprisoned, bu

many of the soldiers deserted the army without getting noticed. Thus, the life for Union

soldiers was just a slightly moderate form of the concentration camp.


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AMERICANS DURING THE CIVIL WAR

LIFE ON THE HOME FRONTLife for the people left behind was equally not that great. They were constantly worried about theirfamily members who went to fight in the war. They had no men to earn money since they wereserving in the army. People had family members missing in their family. Women had to step upduring mens absence since they now had to replace job that men had and needed to earn moneyfor their families. They earned government jobs and they sought stepping up during mens absencby replacing them. They saw that women are capable of doing the jobs as well as men. They had towork like men during the war. The war turned families against each other by having themselves

compete against each other for the limited supplies of food and resources required for living. Theywere always having competition, even with jobs that were left by the men. They had to fight eachother for survival. Also, members in the family fought over the opinion about slavery mostly. Thescarcity and inflation influenced the people of Union by making many businesses to bloom.However, the poor people become more poor since the prices rose and resources became rarer.Overall, Union people were wealthy and had more people with benefits from it than those withdisadvantages. The life for people who lived near the battlefield was horrible. They heard gun firesall the time, as well as soldiers cries. They saw corpse everywhere, even in front of their houses.They always had to live in the danger of being attacked by the soldiers and canons. Sometimes, th

cannons busted their house and people were accidentally shot by the soldiers. They had dangerouand horrible life, living near the battlefield. Thus, the life for the people left behind was terrible andmiserable, especially for those who lived near the battlefield.


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THE AFTERMATH OF THE CIVIL WAR

EFFECTS OF THE WARThe impacts that the Civil War left on North include the great development of the economy. Manypeople in the North were rich due to the businesses that they held during the Civil War. Agriculturebecame a major component in the North that depends mostly on the machines. The war helped theNorth to be more prosperous and wealthy than it was before the war. Union, however, lost about360,000 soldiers. The battles influenced the landscape by horribly ruining them. All the fields andhouses were burned or crushed down due to the battles. Forests were all burned up and trees werebroken. The landscape were devastated due to the battles. The treatment of the Confederate army

influenced the people to welcome the Confederates back. They became brothers and sisters again,since the Union generals treated the Confederates kindly and with love. Thus, people becamefriendly to those who were in the Confederacy. Union gained the freedom of slaves and economicadvantages, while they lost many men and resources. The lasting sentiments impressed on thepopulation of Union were the thought that Lincoln was a brilliant leader and that North is strong anmighty. No matter what happens to the Americans, they are still the one, united Americans thatcannot be separated whatsoever. The major sentiment impressed on the people of Union was thatAmericans are strong and they are always united. The impact that Civil War left on North was overapositive compared to the South and helped the country to be united again in peace. North became

very prosperous.


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THE AFTERMATH OF THE CIVIL WAR

RECONSTRUCTION

The purpose of Reconstruction was to bring back the Southern states to the Union quickly.North wanted to make the country united again, as it was before the Civil War. They alsowanted to keep the Southern states from thinking about rebellion and prevent any othersecession. It was also to give the African Americans the rights as citizens of United States oAmerica. The rights include the the right to take a position as a government official and tovote. Some benefits of Reconstruction include the fact that the country became united once

again and African Americans had some rights as freemen. The country became peaceful anprevented any acts of secession of the states. The mistakes of the Reconstruction include twide economic gap between the North and the South. The radical plan of Reconstruction alswas a big mistake of Reconstruction. The African Americans got just too much power andwas an extremely radical change. South had clung on agriculture too much. A Reconstructisolution that could have benefited both North and South would be one where North and Souwill help each other economically to be prosperous. Sudden changes in the treatment or therights of men would not be allowed, especially the African Americans. However, gradualadding of rights would be allowed and right to vote is available to every kind of race. No

discrimination is allowed and all politicians and states would be equal in power in thegovernment. There would be no excessive states rights and power. No state is ever allowedto secede. Every people are treated equally and this would be a solution that would havebenefited both North and South without severe disagreements in the country.


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BIBLIOGRAPHYAllard, Phil. "Civil War: Reconstruction." Phil Writes. 21 Feb. 2006. Web. 06 Nov. 2011. ."The Atlanta Campaign, May - Sept, 1864."About North Georgia. 2006. Web. 06 Nov. 2011.

."Battle Summary: Appomattox Court House, VA." U.S. National Park Service - Experience Your

America. Web. 06 Nov. 2011. ."Battle Summary: Atlanta, GA." U.S. National Park Service - Experience Your America. Web. 06

Nov. 2011. ."The Battles for Atlanta." General George H. Thomas and the Army of the Cumberland. Web. 06

Nov. 2011. .Carlson, Jonathan. "Battle of the Wilderness: 1864." Then Again. . . 15 Dec. 2000. Web. 06 Nov. 2011. .Danzer,GeraldA,etal.TheAmericans.Evanston,IL:McDougalLittell,2009.Print.

"First Battle of Manassas--Putting It All Together." U.S. National Park Service - Experience Your

America. Web. 06 Nov. 2011. .
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BIBLIOGRAPHY"George Custer." The Civil War. 2008. Web. 06 Nov. 2011. .Mieves, Diane. "Little Known Facts about Ulysses S. Grant." The Ulysses S. Grant Information Center. Web. 7 Nov. 2011. .P, Tony. "Union Soldier Describes Daily Life in Civil War Camp | NewsInHistory.com."

NewsInHistory.com | A Chronicle of America's Past. 17 May 2011. Web. 06 Nov. 2011. .Rickard, J. "Battle of the Wilderness, 4-7 May 1864."Military History Encyclopedia on the Web.

13 Dec. 2006. Web. 06 Nov. 2011. ."Siege on Atlanta." Union Victory. Web. 7 Nov. 2011. .Simkin, John. "Andrew Johnson : Biography." Spartacus Educational. Web. 06 Nov. 2011.

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