Date post: | 13-Jun-2015 |
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Using Conservation Agriculture to improve water use efficiency in
wheat crops on the Branson farm in South Australia.
Mark Branson (B.AppSc (Agric), 2005 Nuffield Scholar,)
The Branson’s Family FarmArea: 1200ha
StockportLower North of South Australia
Rainfall: 425mm to 525mm
Dryland Farming System
Stockport
Crops Grown (80%)- Durum and Bread Wheat- Malting Barley- Canola- Faba Beans- Field Peas- Pasture Seeds
Sheep–(20%)
Self Replacing Merino Flock
And a Prime Lamb Flock
Clover and Duel Purpose Cereal
Pastures
Water Use Efficiency (WUE) over 23 years in wheat
2.00
2.50
3.00
3.50
4.00
4.50
1988-931990-941991-951992-961993-971994-981995-991996-001997-011998-021999-032000-042001-052002-062003-072004-082005-092006-10
5 Year Period
5 Y
ear
Ave
rag
e Y
ield
(T
/Ha)
50.00
55.00
60.00
65.00
70.00
75.00
80.00
85.00
90.00
95.00
100.00
5 Y
ear
Ave
rag
e %
Po
ten
tial
Y
ield
Yield (T/Ha)
% Potential Yield
Linear (% Potential Yield)
French/Schultz Potential Yield Model for Wheat
Potential Yield = (GSR-110)*20
ie. If GSR = 350mm
Potential Yield = (350-110)*20 = 4800kg/ha
French/Schultz Potential Yield Model for Wheat
Potential Yield = (GSR-110)*20Potential Yield = (350-110)*20 = 4800kg/ha
If actual yield was 4000kg/ha
Then % potential yield = 4000/4800 = 83%
Ie the Water Use Efficiency is 83%
WUE over 23 years
2.00
2.50
3.00
3.50
4.00
4.50
1988-931990-941991-951992-961993-971994-981995-991996-001997-011998-021999-032000-042001-052002-062003-072004-082005-092006-10
5 Year Period
5 Y
ear
Ave
rag
e Y
ield
(T
/Ha)
50.00
55.00
60.00
65.00
70.00
75.00
80.00
85.00
90.00
95.00
100.00
5 Y
ear
Ave
rag
e %
Po
ten
tial
Y
ield
Yield (T/Ha)
% Potential Yield
Linear (% Potential Yield)
WUE from 1988 to 2005
2.00
2.50
3.00
3.50
4.00
4.50
1988-93
1990-94
1991-95
1992-96
1993-97
1994-98
1995-99
1996-00
1997-01
1998-02
1999-03
2000-04
2001-05
5 Year Periods
5 Y
ear
Av
erag
e Y
ield
(T
/ha)
50.00
60.00
70.00
80.00
90.00
100.00
5 Y
ear
Av
erag
e %
Po
ten
tial
Y
ield
(%
)
Yield (T/Ha)
% Potential Yield
Linear (% Potential Yield)
WUE annual increase of 1.1%
Years from 1988 to 2001Farming system changes
• Introduction of Grain Legumes and Oilseed crops.
• Introduced new wheat varieties.
• Nitrogen based fertilizers introduced.
• Stubble retention enforced.
• No-Till introduced.
WUE from 2002 to 2010
3.00
3.50
4.00
2002-06
2003-07
2004-08
2005-09
2006-10
5 Year Period
5 Y
ear
Ave
rag
e Y
ield
(T
/Ha)
50.00
60.00
70.00
80.00
90.00
100.00
5 Y
ear
%
Po
ten
tial
Yie
ld (
%)
Yield (T/Ha)
% Potential Yield
Linear (% Potential Yield)
WUE annual increase 2%
Years from 2002 to 2010Farming system changes
• No-Till enforced
• Precision Agriculture introduced
• Controlled Traffic introduced
• Introduction of using animal manures as an additional carbon source
• Growing as many high carbon crops as possible
• Inter – Row sowing introduced.
WUE from 2002 to 2010
3.00
3.50
4.00
2002-06
2003-07
2004-08
2005-09
2006-10
5 Year Period
5 Y
ear
Ave
rag
e Y
ield
(T
/Ha)
50.00
60.00
70.00
80.00
90.00
100.00
5 Y
ear
%
Po
ten
tial
Yie
ld (
%)
Yield (T/Ha)
% Potential Yield
Linear (% Potential Yield)
WUE annual increase 2%
My Farming System in 2011
No-Till
Sowing Equipment- JD 8200 Tractor (200hp)- CASE PTX – 600 32’Barr, 9” Alternate spacing- Horwood Bagshaw 3*2000L quad box, electric drives- Auto CutOff.
Controlled Traffic
Sowing equipment 1/4 width of Sprayer
2.2M Spacing
9.8m sowing equipment
39.2m Sprayer
Compaction
• When using random traffic in a field, at least 50 % of the field is driven over.
• Most of the compaction damage is done in the first pass.
Precision Agriculture
Mainly VR Nutrients, Seed, and Weed Management.
Autosteer - RTK 2cm Guidance
Inner Row Sowing
Spray Equipment
-Millar Nitro 3275-4wd, High Clearance-39 M Boom-RTK 2cm Autosteer and Autosection Cutoff- Ideal for Controlled Traffic
Header
- Case 7120- 30ft Honey Bee Draper Front- Chopper- 15T Chaser Bin- AFS Yield Monitor
Yield Monitor
Durum Wheat
• Last year Faba Beans• No Nitrogen applied till flag leaf
emergence, mainly for protein.• Deep N test at sowing of 0-60
165N/Ha
Durum Wheat
Thanks