Using Neuropsychology for Effective PowerPoint Presentations

Aaron Michelfelder, M.D.Associate Professor of Family Medicine, and Bioethics & Health Policy

Pancreas

Sherri L. Yong MD

Mr. or Mrs. Pancreas “meanest” organ

Roadmap

• Preparation

• General Principles

• Specific PowerPoint Recommendations

• Presentation Tips

Preparation

From “MDConsult: Preparing your infant for a test or procedure.”

When preparing for a talk, do you search the internet specifically for

other people’s PowerPoint presentations?

Preparation

• Research– Books, Articles, Internet– Find Other PowerPoints

• www.google.com

General Principles

General Principles

• Three Goals of an Effective Presentation:

– Connect with your audience

– Direct and hold attention

– Promote understanding and learning

From Kosslyn: “CLEAR and to THE POINT: 8 Psychological Principles for Compelling PowerPoint Presentations.”

Connect With Your Audience

• #1 Principle of Relevance

• #2 Principle of Appropriate Knowledge

From Kosslyn: “CLEAR and to THE POINT: 8 Psychological Principles for Compelling PowerPoint Presentations.”

Direct and Hold Attention

• #3 Principle of Salience

• #4 Principle of Discriminability

• #5 Principle of Perceptual Organization

From Kosslyn: “CLEAR and to THE POINT: 8 Psychological Principles for Compelling PowerPoint Presentations.”

Promote Understanding & Learning

• #6 Principle of Compatibility

• #7 Principle of Informative Changes

• #8 Principle of Capacity Limitations

From Kosslyn: “CLEAR and to THE POINT: 8 Psychological Principles for Compelling PowerPoint Presentations.”

Specific PowerPoint Rules

From www.toolmonger.com

Which Slide Style Do You Prefer?

• Studies of SSOM Students Show:– 91% are Brilliant– 62% Exercise Regularly– 96% Bathe Regularly– 41% Eat Regularly– 3% Get Most of Their Sleep at School

1

Which Slide Style Do You Prefer?

• Studies of SSOM Students Show:– 91% are Brilliant– 62% Exercise Regularly– 96% Bathe Regularly– 41% Eat Regularly– 3% Get Most of Their Sleep at School

2

Backgrounds

• People Generally Prefer:– In a Dark Room:

• Dark Background• Light Letters

– In a Light Room• Light Background• Dark Letters

Which do you prefer?

• Purple Background with Yellow Letters

Or

• Green Background with Yellow Letters

1

Which do you prefer?

• Purple Background with Yellow Letters

Or

• Green Background with Yellow Letters

2

Backgrounds

• Cooler Colors Background

• Warmer Colors Content

• Simple

• Significant Contrast

• Avoid Patterns

From www.xaraxone.com

From www.xaraxone.com

Stages of Metabolism

Dr. Frankfater: “Stages of Metabolism Lecture” MCBG – Slide #1

Which Font Do You Prefer?

• Studies Show of all SSOM Professors:– 89% are Funny– 21% are Geeks– 99.1% are Attractive– 12% Sleep with the Lights on– 16% are Asleep right now

1

Which Font Do You Prefer?

• Studies Show of all SSOM Professors:– 89% are Funny– 21% are Geeks– 99.1% are Attractive– 12% Sleep with the Lights on– 16% are Asleep right now

2

Font

• Ariel is Preferred– Simple Letters– Easy to Read from back of room

• At Least 28 point

Content

• 8 by 8 Rule– 8 lines of text– 8-10 words per line

• 8 Second Rule

• 1 Slide per Minute

Cranial nerves

• Modalities- 7 total – GSA/GSE and GVA/GVE + SVE, SSA and SVA

• I, II, and VIII – special sensory

• III, IV and VI – extraocular eye muscles

• IX, X, XI and XII – lower brainstem

• V- trigeminal sensory and motor

• VII – facial muscles

Dr. Jones - SHB

Graphs Versus Numbers

• People Prefer Graphs to Tables

• Graphs Should Use:– Complementary Colors Next To Each Other– Contrast to Make A Point

PowerPoint Default Pie Chart

From: www.infragistics.com

Clip Art Versus Photos

Animation

• Animation is only to emphasize a point– Do not use it for every slide or word or line

(unless you want your audience nauseated)– PowerPoint default is medium animation– Speed up animation to very fast– (Now Isn’t this better!!)– (Do you believe me now?)

Animation

• Studies Show:– People Want some Control Over Their

Learning– Audiences Like to see All of The Content At

Once– That Gives Them Some Control– Fade-in For Emphasis Only– Use Fade-in Sparingly

Sounds

• Sounds for Emphasis Only

• People Find Sounds on Every Line to be “Highly Irritating”

Photo from: www.nordicroads.com

4.C. NEURONAL REGULATION:

Sympathetic Innervation: Most innervations end at neurons in the GI plexi.

Sympathetic Innervation:

- In general it inhibits GI function;

- Exception: Sphincter muscles are activated by sympathetic innervation;

- Sympathetic fibers ALSO carry sensory information to CNS.

From: Dr. Cukierman - FHB

4.C. NEURONAL REGULATION:

Parasympathetic Innervation: Most innervations end at neurons in the GI plexi.

Parasympathetic Innervation:

- In general it enhances GI function;

- Synapses between pre- and post-ganglionic fibers are nicotinic;

- Parasympathetic fibers ALSO carry sensory information to CNS.

From: Dr. Cukierman - FHB

SAT Quiz

The Screen is to the Presenter, as the

(fill in the blank)

is to the Audience.

Handouts

• If I give them the Power Point Slides, then The Audience Can Take Notes As they Go– Audience Must Pay

Attention– Audience May Miss Key

Points– Copyright Issues– If Recorded, Will need to

provide “Value-added” in talk

• If I give the Audience a More Detailed Handout, then The Audience Can Pay More Attention to What I am Presenting.– Audience Doesn’t need to

Pay attention to get the key points

– Key Points are Never Missed

– Will need to provide “Value-added” in talk

Presentation Tips

From: http://www.lib.utsystem.edu/about/training/img007.gif

Presentation Tips

• Where do you Want the Focus?– On You and Your Words?– On Your Slides?– On Your Handout?

Presentation Tips

• Avoid Apologies

• Use Positive Statements– About the Audience– About the Material– About What the Audience Will Learn

Presentation Tips

• Grab Attention Early

• Think About Non-Verbal Communication– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BmU5MO7

ZaZU

Presentation Tips

• Show and Tell

• Use Blank Screens

• Insert a Break or Change Every 20 Minutes

PowerPoint Karaoke

Value-Added

• When Lectures are Recorded, What Can We Do to Make Sure Being Present Adds Value to the Learner Over Just Passive Watching From Home?

(junq fig 11-21, p 219)

Cardiac Muscle Cells

• Very large branching single cells with central nucleus

• Specialized cell-to-cell junctions called intercalated disks

• Individual cells functionally linked (electrically & structurally)

• Highly vascularized (i.e. a highly active tissue)

• Rhythmic involuntary contraction

• Autonomic innervation (SA & AV nodes and Purkinje cells)

(Wheater Fig 6-20, p 112)

Nucleus

CapillaryStriations

Muscle fiber

Intercalated disk

Dr. Kovacs, FHB

Goals of Presentation

• Connect with your audience– #1 Principle of Relevance– #2 Principle of Appropriate Knowledge

• Direct and hold attention– #3 Principle of Salience– #4 Principle of Discriminability– #5 Principle of Perceptual Organization

From Kosslyn: “CLEAR and to THE POINT: 8 Psychological Principles for Compelling PowerPoint Presentations.”

Goals of Presentation (Con’t)

• Promote understanding and learning– #6 Principle of Compatibility– #7 Principle of Informative Changes– #8 Principle of Capacity Limitations

From Kosslyn: “CLEAR and to THE POINT: 8 Psychological Principles for Compelling PowerPoint Presentations.”

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lpvgfmEU2Ck

Thanks!

Questions?

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