Date post: | 01-Nov-2014 |
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Using Police Statistics and
Crime Maps in Social Science
Teaching and Research
Karen McComb, Higher Police Analyst, PSNI
Fiona O’Hara, Higher Police Analyst, PSNI
Aims
To provide an overview of:
• The use of maps by Analysts within the PSNI
• The techniques utilised in GIS to meet specific operational needs
• The types of data available for analysis
• The current and future use of maps by Analysts
Data – Serious Crime
• Collation
• Types
- Common
- Uncommon / Unusual
• Origin of data
• Caveats
• Dates
Evolution of Serious Crime Mapping
• ARCMAP
• How our maps are used
• Inferences based on data
• Product dependant upon data / incident / investigation
• Extracts from Serious Crime Analytical Products
• Sanitised
Example (1) – Limited Data
Statement of Alison BROWN S1
“I was walking along A road in the
direction of the playground when I
saw a man standing next to the first
shop in the row. He was wearing a
hat, glasses and a long dark coat….”
Statement of Constable Colin BLACK S2
“I was in uniform and on patrol with
Constables BLUE and GREEN when I
witnessed a blue car carry out a u-turn on
the A road between the playground and the
Primary School. The car then sped off in a
country wards direction….”
• Colour to indicate routes
• Location of incident
• Significant locations
• Limited witnesses
• Limited CCTV
• No telecoms data
• Discrepancies
Example (2) - Sequencer
• Sightings
• Telecoms data
• Financial Transactions
• Plot movements
Example (3) – Bearing Distance to Line
• Azimuths
• Cell coverage
• Investigative Opportunities
Example (4) – Locate
• Visibility and Safety
• Resourcing
• Aftermath of attacks
Crime Maps
• Available on PSNI website, www.psni.police.uk
• Drop down lists
• Crime types
• Reported dates
• Within a 1 mile radius
• Draw your own area
• Download crime data as a .csv file
• Download provides Lat / Long and Crime Type
Evolution of Volume Crime Data & Mapping
• Crime data – PSNI Crime Recording
– Home Office Counting Rules
– Statistics Branch Verification
– Crime, ASB, Motivations, Offenders…
• Analysis of volume crime to identify patterns, trends, crime series, and emerging risks.
• Drives key decision making – resourcing, patrol planning, enforcement strategies, crime prevention, investigative strategies, etc.
• Problem Solving: What works?! Interpretation: Why?!
• Continuously evolving criminal environment influenced by many factors – need for constant development and innovation of data collection and analysis techniques.
Hotspots
Emerging Risks
How to be one step ahead of crime:
Predictive Policing Masterclass Monday 5th November 2012 10am to 3.30pm
NPIA Ryton
How to be one step ahead of crime:
Predictive Policing Masterclass Monday 5th November 2012 10am to 3.30pm
NPIA Ryton
Evidence Based Policing
Evidence Based Policing
Other Datasets - NISRA
• Crime & Justice
• Education & Skills
• Economy
• Health & Social Care
• Labour Market, Migration
• Ethnicity, Language, Religion
• Population & Households
• Travel & Transport
• Deprivation
• Neighbourhood Renewal
• Recorded Crime
• ASB Incidents
• Domestic Abuse
• Hate Crime
• Confidence in Police
• Confidence in Justice System
• Fear of Crime
• Police Ombudsman Allegations
Demographics – 2011 Census
• Big Data
• Social Media
• Risk
• Prediction
Future
• PSNI Homepage http://www.psni.police.uk
• NI Statistics & Research Agency http://www.nisra.gov.uk/
• NI Neighbourhood Information Service http://www.ninis2.nisra.gov.uk/
• Crime Maps http://www.nicrimemaps.org/
• UCL Jill Dando Institute of Crime Science http://www.ucl.ac.uk/jdi/
• Centre for Problem-Orientated Policing http://www.popcenter.org/
• Society of Evidence Based Policing http://www.sebp.police.uk/
• Westminster Briefing http://www.westminster-briefing.com/features/
Open Source Data & Useful Links