Using UAV as an extension of ILS ground measurements ... · Using UAV as an extension of ILS ground...

Using UAV as an extension of ILS ground measurements:

Already a reality in Switzerland!

IFIS 2018H. Demule, skyguide, swiss air navigation servicesK. Theißen, Rohde & Schwarz GmbH & Co. KG

Content

› ILS measurements: current situation› Why NOT using an UAV multicopter?› Why using an UAV multicopter?› The development project› Description of the solution› Achievements› Conclusion and outlook

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ILS measurements: current situation

From ICAO Doc 8071 guidance material:

› ILS ground measurements are recommended.

› Correlation between ground and flight measurements is the main criterion for reducing the flight check frequency

› "Equal responsibility on ground and airborne personnel"

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ILS ground measurements: the quest for correlation

› Localizer Measurement vehicle A 5 m integrated mast Already good correlation with flight check

› Glide Path A 22 m telescopic mast at the runway threshold Only 300 m away from GP in the nearfield region No satisfying correlation with flight check: too

close

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Why NOT using an UAV multicopter?

› Big progress in the UAV technology› Able to handle safely heavy (and expensive) payloads› Stable, accurate and automatic flights› Successful feasibility tests in Geneva in Oct 2015

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Why using an UAV multicopter?

› Correlation of nearfield GP measurements not satisfying › In the farfield, in order to enable good correlation:

At least 1.5 km from GP Thus at a height of approx. 80 m

› An extension of ground measurements› Not a replacement, but a complement to flight check› Demonstration of correlation will enable to reduce flight check frequency

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The development project

› Successful feasibility tests in Oct 2015

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› Study and concept phases from Oct 2015 to Feb 2016: a very positive business case

› The development, test and training phases: from March 2016 to Dec 2017

A customized development of the UAV from Altigator

The new ILS receiver from Rohde&Schwarz

Upgrade of the Preflight Checker SW from skyguide

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Description of the solution (1/3)The UAV multicopter from Altigator

› AltiGator: a professional unmanned aircrafts manufacturer since 2008.

› The OnyxStar ® ATLAS UAV muticopter: a customized development to meet Skyguide's requirements.

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Description of the solution (1/3)The UAV multicopter from Altigator

Robust structure

GPS RTKnavigation

Automatic operation

R&S receiverintegration

Manual controlpriority

Compact for transportation

Navigationrepeatability Powerful

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R&S®EVSF1000 VHF/UHF Nav/Flight Analyzer (2/3)General› Two-channel signal level and modulation

analysis for ILS, VOR, MB, COM › Frequency range 70 - 410 MHz› Installation on:

Flight inspection aircraft Measurement vehicle UAV’s

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R&S®EVSF1000 VHF/UHF Nav/Flight Analyzer(2/3)Mechanics› Compact dimensions

(95 mm × 177 mm × 360 mm)› Low weight (3.7 kg)› RTCA DO-160G/Section 7.0 (shock)› RTCA-DO160G 8.5.2 (random vibration)

Power supply› 11 V to 32 V DC› RTCA DO-160G, Section 16, Category A

(short-term power interruptions - 200 ms)

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R&S®EVSF1000 VHF/UHF Nav/Flight Analyzer(2/3)Features› Precise and fast measurement results due to

High sensitivity Low noise figure Adaptive narrowband filters FPGA signal processing Simultaneous CRS/CLR analysis

› 100 data records per second for analysis ofscallops and bends

› Time- and location-stamp through external (RTK) GPS

› Spectrum and signal analysis options available

Description of the solution (3/3)The Preflight Checker SW from skyguide

1) GP Vertical Profile:

› A vertical trajectory up to approx. 100 m

› Live measurements and computations: GP angle Sector widths

› In normal and alarm conditions Lower and upper angle alarms Narrow and wide alarms

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2) Mini Approach for LOC and GP

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› Along the ILS trajectory› Simultaneous and live LOC

and GP measurements: Displacement error Course / Clearance ratio GP angle and TCH

› In normal and alarm conditions Left and right Lower and upper angle


3) LOC Lateral Orbit:› A circular or "orbit" trajectory in the LOC

farfield› DDM versus azimuth angle (+/- 3°

approx.)

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› Live meas. and computations: Displacement error Both ¼ sector widths

› In normal and alarm conditions Left and right alarms Narrow and wide alarms

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Achievements: repeatability for vertical profiles

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GP Vertical Profile: 3 curves from Jan. to March 2018› 0.3 µA for the GP angle (+/- 0.0014°)› 0.2 µA for the ¼ sector widths (+/- 0.001°)

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Achievements: repeatability. Zoom. 6 curves.

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Achievements: repeatability for mini approaches

› Mini approach: 0.2 µA for LOC displacement error

› Mini approach: 0.1 µA for GP displacement error (0.0005°)

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Achievements: repeatability. Zoom

Zoom GP : +/- 1 µA

Resolution: one measurement every 10 cm

› Horizontal flight repeatability: +/- 40 cm

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Achievements:The key is the flight repeatability

› Vertical flight repeatability: +/- 60 cm

Achievements: Correlation with flight check

› GP angle = 2.99° and displacement error = 2.0 µA for both: flight check data in blue and UAV data in pink

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Flight check trajectory less accurate than the UAV one

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Conclusion and outlook

› Successful operation since January 2018

› A major step in the ILS maintenance domain: Preventive and corrective maintenance Preparation of ILS commissioning

› It opens new horizons in terms of CNS measurement techniques: Resolution and repeatability For VOR, DF, PAPI, radars…

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Thanks for your attention

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Date post:	04-Jun-2019
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