Usos del Biocarbón en el Perú y en otras regiones tropicales

Plan for Workshop

• Overview: Why Biochar? • Session 1: Agricultural innovation in Peru:

Case studies of biochar in Hacienda Villa Carmen and coastal agriculture

• Keynote: Profitable uses of biochar• Session 2: Biochar in agriculture• Session 3: Biochar in remediation

Biochar production from bambooA disruptive agroforestry innovation for increased

food productivity and carbon sequestration in tropical soils

Miles Silman, Abdou Lachgar, Andrew Wilcox

Center For Energy, Environment and SustainabilityWake Forest University

Yngrid Espinoza, Heather Nobert, Yhilbonio Farfan, David Lefebre

Setting the StageChallenges for biodiversity conservation and

agriculture in the 21st Century

Miles Silman

Andrew Sabin Chair in Conservation BiologyCenter For Energy, Environment and SustainabilityWake Forest University

We manage the Earth

• Land Surface, Atmosphere, Biodiversity, Agriculture

Goals• Clear-eyed view of how world works and

challenges we face• End where the workshop starts: biochar

A dynamic planet

Natural Land Cover

Human Use

Our world is a human-dominated, agricultural world

Adrian Tejedor, Amazon Conservation Association

Amazon Conservation Association

Atmospheric ChangeThe carbon cycle

Figure 6.4

Land use and the carbon cycle

A critical opportunity for forestry and agriculture

The Contribution of Agriculture, Forestry and other Land Use activities to Global Warming, 1990–2012

Global Change BiologyVolume 21, Issue 7, pages 2655-2660, 2 FEB 2015 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.12865http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/gcb.12865/full#gcb12865-fig-0002

Disaggregating Forestry and Agriculture

Agriculture Deforestation

Agriculture Deforestation

Agriculture Deforestation

1990

2000

2010

Agriculture now exceeds deforestation in contribution to

climate change

Agriculture-driven deforestation adds even more

Agriculture is a critical area for future intervention and innovation

Future trends in food demandChanges in size of ag sector

World Population Growth

Bottom line: Need 69% more calories in 2050, 77% by 2100

Crop Yields Decrease

Increasing population and decreasing predicted yields put

pressure on biodiversity

Meeting food demand requires more land in production or (and) increased production on

existing lands

Can we increase yields to spare land?

Phalan et al. 2014

Area at stake: ~60% of Amazon basin

Degraded lands represent an opportunity for agriculture and

biodiversity conservation

Kimetu et al. 2008

Recovering degraded lands I

Recovering degraded lands II

Large potential for increased agricultural yield and soil carbon sequestration

The world we have created for ourselves

• Manage GHG concentrations in atmosphere to avoid catastrophic climate change– Decrease carbon use and sequester where

possible• Feed 11 billion people• Keep from driving rest of species extinct• Requires creativity, enterprise, collaboration,

deployable, scalable technologies

Pathways through the Anthropocene bottleneck

Biochar

An agricultural technology for carbon storage, soil improvement, and

increased yield

Glaser and Burke. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Volume 82, 2012, 39–51

“Old” Technology: Amazonian Dark Earths

Today: Biochar as a tool for innovation

• Can sequester large amounts of carbon in soils

• Improves soils properties and increases yields, decreases fertilizer use– Biochar can remediate degraded/damaged soils

and sequester heavy metals in mining areas• Biochar is a carbon-negative platform for

agricultural innovation– Feedstocks, energy/heat co-generation