USQ CACTransportation and Infrastructure Committee:

Smart City infrastructure and ideas

July 14, 2015

Patrick McCormickpaddy@post.harvard.edu

@solutist

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Smart City infrastructure and ideas agenda

1. Transportation and Infrastructure

2. Smart City benefits

3. Examples of Smart Cities

4. Planning a Smart City

• technologies

• principles

• key questions

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1. TRANSPORTATION AND INFRASTRUCTURE

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Transportation and Infrastructure

• 4/13 Union Streetscape Meeting: Parsons Brinckerhoff on Traffic and Infrastructure in Union Square

• 4/21 People First Design Workshop

• 5/12 CAC: Transportation in Union Square

• 5/20 CAC: Reflections on Somerville by Design Open House and General Discussion

• 6/9 CAC: cancelled

• 7/14 CAC: Smart City infrastructure and ideas

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• Public right of way

• establish clear governance, responsibilities, points of collaboration

• address, communicate construction impact through project phases

• improve placement and access for future efforts

• maximize ROI through coordination of various improvements and parties during construction (pipes, cables, conduit, etc.)

• Water and sewer

• modernize and upgrade capacity

• address drainage and storm impact

• add storage, conservation and sustainability features

• Electrical, energy, and connectivity

• modernize and upgrade, move cables underground• add conservation and sustainability features, micro-grid options

Traditional Infrastructure

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• Public right of way

• establish clear governance, responsibilities, points of collaboration

• address, communicate construction impact through project phases

• improve placement and access for future efforts

• maximize ROI through coordination of various improvements and parties during construction (pipes, cables, conduit, etc.)

• Water and sewer

• modernize and upgrade capacity

• address drainage and storm impact

• add storage, conservation and sustainability features

• Electrical, energy, and connectivity

• modernize and upgrade, move cables underground• add conservation and sustainability features, micro-grid options

Traditional Infrastructure

EcoDistrict?

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2. SMART CITY BENEFITS

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Smart City benefits: the what

is one shared, open platform for civic co-production• relies on people, technologies, data

• enabled by open standards, open networks

• requires public purpose, public participation, public data

is not multiple, closed, proprietary networks and apps

Banksy

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Smart City benefits: the why

• Tapping into the knowledge of citizens

• Opening up decision making, planning processes

• Providing responsive municipal services

• Attracting innovative employers and good jobs

• Improving traffic and crisis management

• Mapping urban flooding and air pollution

• Enabling collaborative smart energy and sustainability

• Informing continuous urban design, embedded analytics

Terms and jargon:

• PII: Personally Identifiable Information - sensitive info

• P2P: Peer to Peer production – collaboration, crowdsourcing

• IoT: Internet of things – device to device communication

• Big Data: high volume, often unstructured, use of pattern recognition

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Smart City benefits: the how• Engaged community contributes to open data and smart services

• Proximity to universities, knowledge economy resources

• Real time monitoring to address water leaks, sewer and drainage issues

• Third party transport apps (MBTA buses) ease multi-modal mobility

• Responsive trash collection and maintenance save time and money

• Street parking availability apps, dynamic pricing, smart parking garages

• Smart lighting improves safety, efficiency, quality of life

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3. EXAMPLES OF SMART CITIES

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Smart City examples

Helsinki snow removal: residents can track the real-time location of snow plows as they cleanup the city

Barcelona smart bins: pilot using garbage cans with sensors to test whether collection can be optimized to save 10% on disposal

Santander sensibility: pilot with over 12,000 sensors collecting data on everything from parking space availability to air quality

http://api.ning.com/files/8c8n0hXpi4i4hXxySPN5zritD3qOiFxkapJ5XPPVOaGZpd9I7n9tuv2EOflogT60PUjKJ4GY7alUmCjfSwmA2IZpC5yTMoVk/SmartcitiesLAquila.jpg

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Smart City examples

Singapore traffic management: an Intelligent Transport System includes electronic road pricing and sensors on taxis to help map traffic conditions and reduce trips by private cars

London smart buildings: Canary Wharf group piloting technologies including Demand Logic to help businesses reduce electricity costs by intelligently monitoring usage

http://api.ning.com/files/8c8n0hXpi4i4hXxySPN5zritD3qOiFxkapJ5XPPVOaGZpd9I7n9tuv2EOflogT60PUjKJ4GY7alUmCjfSwmA2IZpC5yTMoVk/SmartcitiesLAquila.jpg

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Smart City examples: Glasgow

• Active travel with cycling and walking apps and data

• Energy efficiency via renewables mapping, demand side management, insulation retrofitting, city usage

• Open and linked maps empower public and visualize data

• Intelligent street lighting and social transport

• Research and development - smart bins and bin sensors, road conditions, city services

• Hacking the future of Glasgow with open data in the hands of citizens and coders

http://futurecity.glasgow.gov.ukhttp://open.glasgow.gov.uk/datastories/

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Smart City examples: Chicago

Public Health: Chicago partnered with Allstate Insurance to see if analytics could predict critical health violations in restaurants. Data included:

• Establishments that had previous critical or serious violations

• Three-day average high temperature

• Risk level of establishment as determined by CDPH

• Location of establishment

• Nearby garbage and sanitation complaints, burglaries

• The type of facility being inspected

• Whether the establishment has a tobacco license or has an incidental alcohol consumption license

• The length of time the establishment has been operating

• Length of time since last inspection http://www.smartchicagocollaborative.org/category/city-of-chicago/

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4. PLANNING A SMART CITY

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Smart City planningPlanning for effective Smart City initiatives includes:

1. technologies for connectivity• coordinate with other infrastructure construction to reduce costs

• identify and utilize existing assets

• develop models to share new investments

2. principles for data sharing• develop open data policies and systems

• develop identity, privacy and security policies

3. consideration of key questions• determine how initiatives can address civic objectives

• confirm support and participation from City Government, residents, businesses, and community organizations

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Smart City planning: technologies

Bottom-up Broadband (BuB) initiative created during the Commons for Europe project www.http://bubforeurope.net

• High-speed connectivity• conduit, poles, buildings, physical assets

• fiber ‘backbone’, link to Internet PoP

• Wireless connectivity• mesh nodes, ambient access

• Devices• sensor networks

• meters, cameras

• vehicles, phones

• edge interoperability

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Smart City planning: technologies• Somerville high-speed connectivity

• City of Somerville municipal fiber network – existing network

• City of Somerville Google fiber city proposal – asset inventory

• Union Square fiber options – marginal cost during construction

• Regional collaboration• MBTA right of way and conduit access

• City of Cambridge Broadband Task Force

• MA municipal fiber initiative: 22 Towns in Massachusetts Are Building Their Own Gigabit Fiber Network http://motherboard.vice.com/read/22-towns-in-massachusetts-are-building-their-own-gigabit-fiber-network

• Business collaboration• US2 and anchor tenants

• MIT Google pilot project

• Google metro fiber program

• Google metro wireless in NYC http://www.wired.com/2015/06/google-next-moonshot-wifi-hubs-sidewalk-labs/edge interoperability

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Smart City planning: principles• Establish Identity, Privacy, and Security policies

• Develop, publish Somerville Open Data policy

• Align to Government Open Data principles1. Complete: all public data not subject to privacy, security, privilege limits, is made available

2. Primary: Data is as collected at the source, with highest possible level of granularity, not in aggregate or modified forms

3. Timely: Data is made available as quickly as necessary to preserve value

4. Accessible: Data is available to widest range of users for widest range of purposes

5. Machine processable: Data is reasonably structured to allow automated processing

6. Non-discriminatory: Data is available to anyone, with no requirement of registration

7. Non-proprietary: Data is available in format over which no entity has exclusive control

8. License-free: Data is not subject to any copyright, patent, trademark or trade secret regulation (reasonable privacy, security and privilege restrictions may be allowed)

principles of open government data: https://public.resource.org/8_principles.html

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Smart City planning: principlesTim Berners-Lee’s 5 star framework for open data:

* Data available with open license but not machine readable

** Data available, machine readable in proprietary formats

*** Data available, machine readable in non-proprietary formats

**** Data available using open linked formats

***** Data available, linked with other relevant data

wikipedia

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How could Smart City infrastructure:1. improve city services, public safety, and quality of life?

2. attract good jobs and good companies to Union Sq?

3. improve environmental and sustainability outcomes?

4. contribute to social capital and community engagement?

5. make Union Square an urban innovation lab to prototype civic initiatives for use citywide and beyond?

Smart City planning: key questions

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Nesta collaborative economy lessons for government:

1. What assets does the city government own that aren’t being fully utilised – e.g. car fleets, office space, tools?

2. What collaborative economy services are companies, entrepreneurs and community groups already offering in the city?

3. Are there any organisations in the city that actively promote the collaborative economy that the city government could partner with?

4. Does the city have the necessary requirements to promote a digitally–enabled collaborative economy – for instance, an IT–savvy population and a culture of trust and sharing?

5. How will your city ensure that the collaborative economy can benefit all citizens, not just the digitally connected elite?

Smart City planning: key questions

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Smart City planning: key questions

SomerVision goals Smart City linkageI. Neighborhoods engage public in civic decision making, healthy living and

environment

II. Commercial Corridors, Squares, & Growth Districts

regional employment center, small scale business support, opportunities for residents

III. Resources spaces for arts, performance, and exhibition, equipped to address emergency situations, promote environmental sustainability

IV. Transportation & Infrastructure

seamless intermodal connections, reduce congestion, flexible parking supply/demand, energy self-sufficiency

V. Housing new housing and employment options, programs to prevent homelessness

How could Smart City infrastructure support SomerVision goals?

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Smart City planning: key questionsWhat level of infrastructure improvement is the community, the City, and developers prepared to commit and contribute to:

1. Minimal infrastructure improvements, some modernization

2. Modernize infrastructure, incorporate some connectivity, improvements and digital components

3. Modernize infrastructure and incorporate smart city systems, open data policy, and shared innovation platform

Proposal: make Union Square a Smart City prototype and urban innovation lab to benefit Union Square, City of Somerville and beyond

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Smart City planning: reference materials

• NESTA (2015) Rethinking Smart Cities From The Ground Up. http://www.nesta.org.uk/publications/rethinking-smart-cities-ground

• Smart Cities Council (2014). Smart Cities Open Data Guide. http://smartcitiescouncil.com/

• Future City Glasgow (2015). http://futurecity.glasgow.gov.uk

• Smart Chicago (2015). http://www.smartchicagocollaborative.org/category/city-of-chicago/

• Chase, Robin (2015). Peers Inc: How People and Platforms Are Inventing the Collaborative Economy and Reinventing Capitalism. PublicAffairs.

• Goldsmith, Stephen (2014). The Responsive City: Engaging Communities Through Data-Smart Governance. Jossey-Bass.

• Leadbeter, Charles (2009). We Think: Mass Innovation not mass production. Profile Books.

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