USSBS Report 69, The Thirteenth Air Force in the War Against Japan

8/3/2019 USSBS Report 69, The Thirteenth Air Force in the War Against Japan

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ussbs-report-69-the-thirteenth-air-force-in-the-war-against-japan 1/23

/ 0(',

& , _ geLS:: '

THE UNITED STATES

STRATEGIC BOMBING SURVEY

THE THIRTEENTH AIR FORCE

IN THE

WAR AGAINST JAPAN



RESTRICTED

THE UNITED STATES

STRATEGIC BOMBING SURVEY

THE THIRTEENTH AIR FORCE

IN THEWAR AGAINST JAPAN

MILITARY ANALYSIS DIVISION

30 September 1946

RESTRICTED



This repor t was writtCll prirnnr ily for tile use of the United States Strategie

Bom.biug Survey In the preparation of fur ther repor ts of a more comprehensive

JlUtuze, Any c one l us ions OJ:0 p i ni e n s expressed in this repor ~ illus t be con-

side red us l imi ted to the specific material covered and us subject to further

interpretation In the l ight of fu rthe r s tudies concluded by the Survey.

ii

FOREWORD

The Uni ted St IL te s S tra teg ie Bombing Surveywas cato,l;lishod by the Secre tl llY gf Wil" on 3

November 1944, pursuant t.. a directive from tho

late Presiden t Rooseve lt . Ets miss ion was 1 ; 0 ,

comluet 1lI1 impartial nnd expert s~lldy of the

ef f~ct s of om' ap j· ja1 u ttaek on Germany, to be

used in connection wit h l 1 i . r a~tll.Cks on Jnpan

and to os tu b l is h 11 basis [o r eva luat ing I,he u n -pcrtance ami 1;0Le ll~in1 it ie s of ai r power l IS al l

ins trument of military strawgy, {OJ · pLnn.ning tho

future dev~]opi:nen\, of the United S!..tes ..zmcd

forces, om] (or determining fut""e economic poti, -

cies wi th respect to the nationnl defense. A

swnnla,y rcp01'~ nnd some 200' supporting reports

containing vile findings of tho Survey in Germany

ho. vII b ~(!II p u b li s hed,

On 15 August 194.5, Prssidan], T"UIDIlU re-quested ~hn.t t ;hc Survey conduct [I, similar study

o f t he e fl 'o cL s 0 r all ,ypcs of air "ttucK in the war

o,gl1.inst Ja pan , su bm itt.in g rep orts in duplicnto

to ~h(! Seeretary of Wur and to the Secretary of

the Navy. The officers o r the Su, ,"cy diu-ing i l l s

Jv,p!lJlCS~ phase were:

Frauklin D'Olior, Chuirmnn,

PlI.ul H. Nitzo , 11ml 'Y C. AI .x lmclel ·,

Vice Dlmi rmeu,

Harry L. Bowman,

J. Kenneth Galbrll ith,

Remis Llkal'~.

Fl"ll llk A. McN'1J1l(lC, Jr,

F r od Seurl s, J J".

Mnnrne E. Spa1l 'M.DJ'. J . J C w w R. Thompson.Theodore P. Wri"M, Directors,Wnltm' WlIds, SIWI·\lMq.

The Survey's eomplemeu ~ provided lor 300

c iv il i nn s, 3 50 ofliceI"S,nnd 500 enlisted JllIIJl. The

military segtnell t of tI, e 0rganization WIISdrawnIrom the Army to the extent .o f 60 percen t, and

f rom the NQ.vy 1: 0 tile extent of 40 percent. Both

the Army and I;he Navy gll.l'ethe Survey all

pos sible ns si st ance in Iurn ish ing men, supp lies,

trtmsport, lind Information. The Surv ,BY oper-

ated [rom JleudqlHlri:-ers as tablishad in Tokyo

curly ill September 1945, with sub-headqunrters

in Nagoya, Osaka, Hiroshima and Nagasllki, and

with mobi le teams ope ra ting in other parts of

Jup 11!1 , the isl ll llds of Lh~Pacif ic , and the Asiatiemainlnnd,

It WIlS possib Ie to roconstrucn IIIUeh of wll.rliime

Japanese military planning and execution, en-

gagement by engagemen t, and campaign by

campaign, and to secure reasenably accurate

s ta ti st ic s on Japan 's economy and war- pr odue-tion, plant by plant, and i ndustry by industry.

III !Ldeiiion , s tudles were cond Ilcood on Japan'sover-all stra tegic plans and tho backgro und of

her entry into the war, tha int-ernal discussions

nnd negot ia tions Leuding to her accept ance of

uncondittonal sur render , t lie COlJJ" ! ;e of health and

morale among thn c iv il ian populat ion, the G l J o o -

t i"~ness of thG JlI.PlLlles6civilian defense 0llllJl-

' i7<ILt io l" l,nd i li a e ffeot s of the a tomic bombs.

Sepnrate reports will be issued covering eachphase of the stu dy,

The SUn'c), interrogated more than 700 J llop-

anese military, go'vmnmsllli, and indust ri al o ff i-

cinls, It also recovered and tl"(l.IlSlatcd many

documents which not. only have been useful to

t lt e Survey , bUl ;a lso wil l lur ni sh data valuab lelor o th 1 1 1 · studies, A . I " rungemen ts 11ll\CC been muds

to tUI1l over the Surv~y's fil es to the Cent,·. L

Intelligence Group, through ,,;hieh th~y will

be nvailuble tor further exuminauon run! dis-t."ibutioIl.



TABLE OF CONTENTS

I. INTnoDuCTloN-M1SS~ON' OFTuI: TIITlT:ElElNTItAIR FOROE : _

11. ORIOINS Of TUF.:i TIfIRTEENTI:I AtR FOROE __,~

I. Eo.my .I'UIlt ;on;o tn,eSouth Peetflc.,

2. I ln lted Sta.tes ,,(gaoi .~tio n=-Sou litPaolfie area., ..~. _~_~__

3 . U" itc d Bmtc s A rl IlY A ie For ee unit .i n S eu tb , P! Wl fi o w • ~~ - ~

4 . Uni tod Sta tosi Army Air Force opera-tjoll> in tho South Paoifi. _

S. Pri ueipnl opera tL9t1a1problems ~~•• __1), D ietl! of tho Tblr tee ubh Air For ce _

lll. TRI ;RT.E .BN 'Im A R F0 n o : ! : : : IN TUB S01TTH

PJI,.ctPiC , ~ _& & • • ~ - - - - - - - - -

L A:ctivnticm. • •_~__- - -- - --

2. Ghang cs in aiT.' I;) r.g.a.niz.e.tion ln thoSouth Pnuifie _

3 . ' l' il ir i: 'l !' "t h Air For ee operu e tons priorto Now Gcorglu cnmpaign_. _

4 . . . New Georgi!li.operntion.~ .~_

5. Empres~ August Bny op.r"tlofl _B. Rabaul OJ)Oe~tion__ .,__- . _

IV. GAlNI ! tG AppnOACJIES TO '1" lJEl, PIHLlrJ r" t; rlES~_

1. 'Inn Carollnes. _

Mi's~ion.

First Ca '0 line opet.8ti.on- Truk.

Sec olld Caroll ne cpe ratl o,n-

Woleni.2. BiaL . _

3. Tho Ceroltnes (continued) - - - -

Th ird Caroline cperatlou-e-

T : rL J k nnd Y n f - ! 4

4" From til" Soutl ! Pe clt ic t o So lI lh -

""esterfl Pnclfle areu. ~_w _ - ~ - - - - - -

5. ;l\tocln(oor_~_~ & ~ •_ w _ ~ ~

-

5

5

IV. GU'NJ.NG ApPROM:tOIl :I ii TO THE pmLllP'J~6-

Continued.6. Th. Caeo ll " ,. (eouttn ue d) _ __ __ __ ___ 10

Fou rt h C !l ro lin c ope .r ll ti 0 1) -Yup. -

F if bh Q ,c 'o li oo . u pe ra tl ou -e -

Yap.

Sisth Carolino oper et in n-

Palau.7. 0 p e rB t i, o u a o r units remulniug til

tit. South Pacific . II

llabaul.Doug ....nvilje-Buka.

8. Typ hoon -r""k Fore . (westaru NewGulnea)_._ _ ______________ _ 12

~ . B a l i k p a p n a _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 2

V. Pm l ,. rp: p tN ~ ANn BOQl\i"E:0 C""lfPiL1G N "B_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1aI, Support o r Le)~e: sud 1\IHrLl : . tQT'Q~nm-

po.igns - J32 ·. R ed UCtiCHl of enemy b(L5tlS constitut.-

m g threat. to M " ' ' 'l n i ._ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13

3 .. Sea , sceech and antl ."hi pp iJ lI l opera"tion._ ______ ___ ____ ___ _ J3

~. Noutrnli.ation of Lutong., ___ 14o . Sea Blockado.. __ 14

Sulu SC~,

Brunei B~}'.6. Support of Luzon cempeign, ~._ _ _ 14

7. Air a.ssa.wt ( 'Qfeo-Visa.~'R_n &.nd Mlu-dSIiM eampnlgns; ~__•• _.. 15

S . B o r n e o _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 5

9. Long-range Oying_____________ _ 16

10. Tho 010... of tho ~'n' ____ __ _ 16

A i!lreNtnUE:lSCbarl61-V . , Pace 16

Table" l-VIIL . 17-19

5

5

o7

7

8

8

to

to

v



, I. IN' l'RODtlCTION-.MISSION OF THE TmRTEENTH AIR FORCE

TI",\1101' ngainsl;-

the Japanesein

the Pucillourea required perhaps a grenter degl'ee of 00-

0 l"Ct i l ll1LioIl of hind, "en and ail ' forces than in

nlly oth!!.\ ' a I'CIL, [01' a m wlll'i" the Pacific WIlS

~SSf>Jlhi.. lly nll\f!h ihicus, Strong i sl am ! b as es had

te be ell t ab li sh ed t rom whi a u 1 l ; 1 " , son [ 1 , 1 1d Ian (1

o l l' o ll s iv l lS e ou ld i . J " lnuuehml in t o enemy terri-

~Q] ·Y.To accompli sb t il i~ req u irsd nir and sea

su premucy ill th 0 area.

The mission of the Thi roonnUl Air For' co was

to provide lnnd bused. n ir power, .iu eoupara tion

Ilnd eoordination ",i~u tll~ Fitt Jl Ail' Force lind

11JLval uud m ar in e ,,;1 ' u nits , ill. tho air assault

nguinst hl le ene-my from the Solomons hrough

~1:JnRyukus cam paig 1lS. Prior to its fprmo.t ion.

us an orguniz ed air for~o,. ILS well as during its

Souuh Pacific dnys as the Thirteenth Air Foree,ollel"l1~;onal control wus veeted in C01vISOPAC,

w ho was U nuvnl office,'.

Ane" hra llSrm'~o the Southwes t Pac ifi c ar ea ,

the, Thi rtcenth oxercisedoperuttonnl co n trol over

its own units, In I,heilljtiu] part of thi s period

its role was to su ppor L til a FHtil A ," Force us

the S ix th A rm y drove up the N ew Guillen C()IlS~

through II[01"0 tai and into Leyte. Air support

WM ulso furnished the Navy and Central Pacific

Forces during this period. In th~ VisII,YD.1Ind'Mindanno carnpaigna, tha Thirt{!~nth was dssigna-

ted the Air Assault Force and worked ill dose

coord inat ion with the Eigh th Army in securing

the central and southarri Philippines, During

thi s period the ' I' hi rt een th cont inuad to furnish

SU ' PP ( lI 't t o tbe Fihh Air Force in the Luzon

campa ign.

The la~ter period of the War found the 'I'hir-

teen lit again ill n supporting role, in this case in

supper! of the i\.ull trilliun Imperial Fnreos and

the Royal Arlstrf!lj!l.1l Air Force Commend in the

Borneo campaigns.

Ital so should be pointed out tbl lt throughout

the entire Wll' much effort was devoted to the

continuing missi on of interdiction of SCII. lanes

and the des truct ion of enemy shipping within thenil' forM area of respousibility.

All data OD enemy losses in the report are

bused on official r ecords 0I tile 'Th ir teen tb Air

Force. It is realized !,hOlt some 'of tills matenul

wil l ba rev; sed whIIIit is possibl (I to reccneil e it

witb losses ad .rutted by tbe Japahese, At tbis

time, however, tlJe records nf tbe Thirteenth Air

For-ce are the only complete source of enemy losses

available.

U, ORIGINS OF THE THIRTEENTH AIR FORCE (JANUARY 1942-JANUARY 1943)

1. Enemy ml:IJ ,aJ iQR in IA . 80ulf. P",:ijiD.-Theiniti!}1 success of the .JupnDcsa in ~be wm had

oor l' ied them wall in to the Soutb Pacif ic before 'my

UniLed SLnMs Army .Air Forces uuits could bedeployed in ~lIe urea. The enemy hD<1 seil,cd

Rnhaul ill January 1942 Dna had bngun deva'oping

it lIS n major bUS6 [01' opcmt iuns in New Guineu

Imu t he S ol om nu Islands, By the end o f 1 01"1 '01 1

the . J ll p ,mOO9 had occupied iJJoShortlaud Islands

off !:lie sout .h~nl ltorn~p of Bougainv il le , I t was

d MI' ~ hat u nl es s th 0 o n em y IIdv an co to the so u t h-

IlIlS~ WlS h alt ed , L ll e J up nn lt Sc w ou ld soon hein "

positicn to isolate Austrn ;1ia from her A.mmicull

ally.

"As ea rly as Apri l 1942 the Combined Chiefs of

S t o J[ 11Ild ng rned tlm t Amfll,icllu f o rc es s ho uld

IIndo.i'~nke 0. limited off~llaive 'ill tho SOlitil Pacific

in order to prevent f u .r thG l ' J ap a ne s e e Il cr o ll chm e nt .

upon YitnI supply lines to .•:lIstrnlia. Mounting

of the action had to u ,,' ui t boi li the Navy 's part ia l

r ecovery Irom the blow at Pourl Harbor and thegrad uul uss!!mbly and m:gan,izlltionof Iorces in the

South Pucific."· The scale of A.mericnn effort

until ~hislime had been Iimited to establlshing'

small garrisons Oil key islands al ong t he supply

route.

Vl1h il . e t he Amecio(ll l striking farce "'lIS being

formed , thn Jupanese penet rated the lower 6010-

rOODS with lnndings al; Tulugi unci Guadalcanel.

"Filially, on 7 A";gust , lund, sea, and air for-cesInunched the first American amphibious operation

of tI,e WQr h~' invading enemy-held ter ri tory in the

I . .- L r "" , ; r Iu f ' t: l rl ' .l " ~ j"II 111111. . . .ruj,q..II' . / 1I 1 J 4. 1 1 l $ l~ t · .. p t , p o1 l bU s h l! d b:r ~!-

qllJ1Tt)l1fS .Arm) Mr Ft!fC'I!~\ ~hlI1iIOOr u, C. I~ p. US.

1



IO'~t'I' S olo mo n Isla nd s, B oth in itin l o pel'i! ;t;o ns

and ~h " m ore arduous task of holding th e b as es

sei~e<l were lorgely the work of United States

N I1\'V Do d .i:I.lnrine forces. B ut oert>lin u nits o f

(he A rmy A ir Forces, though sma ll in number

an d D ot orgnnized a s ~ s ap ar ute a ir f or ce , p nr tic i-

pntcd in floe a ntirc acti on and shared with the

M urine and N I!:''Y force£ t1~ dangers and d is-eomforts of Guadalcanal, the operationnl difflcul-

t ie s o f t he S ou th P ac if ic , a nd ~ he m o ra le -c or ro d in g

experience ,0 f 5gh t iu g l in d e r p ri m it iv e c on d it ic ns . , "

2.. unitea SWleB org(lllimlirm-SrMh Pacificarea.-ALI United. Stutes air, ground, an d n av al

forces in the So uth Pacific area an d certuin N ow

Zel).lnnd units ",Ill"<! placed under the cammnnd of

COMSOPAG (Commundar Soutb Pacific area), It

United States navnl officer.

One weak before the opening 01 the Guadalcaual

OffrulSkc till Uniteu States Army forces ill the nres

were placed under the command o f C OM G EN -

SOPAC (Commanding G en eral. S ou th P acific

aree) , but operationalcoutrel of these Iorccswas

retained by CO:~lS0PAC in line "ith ~he priu-

e ip le o f unity of command .3. Army Air Foree 1'01/8 in SOl l t / ! Parifo.-PI'", t.o th e p re pn ro tio ns for the e a rn p a i g n in tb I!

lower S olo mo ns , th e U nited States Am,), air

FOrMS h ad a ss ig n ed two medium bom bardrnant

squndrons and three fightor sq u adrons to the

Snut~ Pncifie to assist smal l Army garrison forces

in ille dcfen:!i" 'of the i sland stepping stcnes to.A ustralia.

T he S ev Ollitie th F ig b ter S qIId ron arrived in

(he Fiji I slands from tJw United States in l ate

J.lWuary 1 9 <J ;2 . T .h ~ SL~ t y -5 c vent i1 F i gh t"r Squad-

roll r ou ch ed N m -, - Oaledonia 2 m on th s la ter viII

Austr"lia. Tbe Si~ty-eighlh Fighter Squadron

did: l Io L a m" e in Tongatnbu until M n y IIft..,r

spell!llllg mw:e th al1 2 nl011!lls in Aust rnl io..

T he g ro un d echdons of Ihe Sixty-ninth am iSe"entjcth l\I~di'ml EombD.nlmQII( SqundIon IdL

A u str alin in M a y j 942 for N ~w Oeledonin an d t. he

Fiji Isl~l1ds, respectively. The f ly i. n g e d l~ lo 1 l5

had [Iotaomplcted 'lllcir I ir "iu in g ill I he U ni te d

Stn'cs ..nt lh~. linle, and were further deluyedil1I IawflU aWll.ltmg tho ou tcome of Ihe Battle of

M i t lwny in J l l O e , n o t· I 'C ( l mh i ng [ h e Ib,cnt~r l in t il. June and ,July.

No I~elll':r·b om bllr tlm en l u ni t8 w e re " v" ilu b] e

[o r. o &s1 ~n "n !. to th e S ou lh P nci~ c flr"a d urin g

lJ~s ] len od . b cc llu S{ ' o f A .n ny A ir l~o:'cr" com-

JDIUnDUts In olllQr t h e o wrs . B cenu~{ ' of the1 f lJ Jdj p.JIi,.

obvious need lor long r 1 U 1 g l l reconnaissance and

bombing, Ilro EI{"'ontJl Bombnrdmeut Group il,

lIm,·".!i aur l ~he Ninetelll lth Bcmbnrdmant Group

ill. AustraHa w ere desigm lte::J m obiln u nits to L a

moved 10 an y p oiu L in Ihe South Pnci fi e ill CJlse

or an elllorgenoy. D uring tho 1118iW aok 0 f Jul Y1942, the Eleventh Bombnrdmeut Group 111'1'; veri

in the S ou th P ac if ic to p A .r tio ip ate in tilo IOWQI'Solomons campaign.

Thus, a t the cimo tlw American otiw.lS.ive was

InQUehod agnins ~ th e J IlP anesc Il.t Gu ad !L1anal

and T ' l I J "gi, til e Army Ai r Forces [Hid nnIj" one

helJ:vy b om bard men t g ro up , IMQ medium born-

b ar rl me nt, s qu ad ro ns , a nd ~hrp.e f ig h t or s q ll ad . l· Q nS

in the en tire Sou th P noiflc, Because 0 r tb G

S " ! . I , , " o r i t i y of the Iower Solomons c a m p a i g n , CO 'M -

G EN SO PA C w ns au th oriso rl to d i ve r t t GmpO l' ", ri ly

bomber. and em", cnroune to ~ho Soutbwe"St

Pacific, provided ~bey could be used morB"ffi-

c il ll lt ly i n ~be SO " ~h Paeifle, At t iw same time,

C IN "C PA C w as given !l.uttloriby to ~rllll8fet units

Irom the Seventh A rm y Force to tho South,

P acific, A ali gh t Increase in figb tor- 'Sl imugth W ns

authorized.No time Wl8 lost iu utilizing tho authority to

Ilugmeut Army Air Forces combat strength in the

South Pacific, In the Inll of 194 2 , the Three

Hundred nnd FortY-SBventh F;ghter Group w-as

fo rm ed to in clu de ths t hr e e f ig h tl lt " sq1.IO drons in

the tb. ea tcu, the Sixty-s eventh, S ix ty-e ighth, and

Seventieth, and ~he newly !I:C~h'o~edThree Hun-

dred I lIld Tbi rty-ninth. Before the and o[ the

year, the Fifth Bombardmellt G roup and the

Twa lHh lind F or ty -f ou rth F ig h tOI' Squa(h'ous 0 r tI,eS oY ou th A ir F orce h nd b een m ;s ig llo d to Artny Ail'

F o r" ,, ", S o u lit, P nc if io , I l1 ld w e re n et lJ 0 I I ) ' opm ' ! IMngin tho (lJ"O.Il.

The following b'-blc sh ow s th e AI'my A i r F or ce s

mc t ic l lL l i :o i I;s opefll.~ing in the Sou ~hPacillo during

1942 whie h w e!"e nssign cd to til e 'rhiT taen tI, Ai,'

F orce sh 0 rtly I 1 f t e r its no ~iv o t i o n . :

Una 7\'P~ jS ' fU fJ / l

Elo,·."th l lomoortlm""t , 0,, ,, ,1 ' (El):T'wcntY-f!ixl.h Botllh~~rdfflielli 6 qu ad ro 'r l_ ._ ] 3- 11 _

Fo.rt.Y-!:! I !amul T~ombfl.:rd I ILCn j. S q u n ci I 'on _ _ _ B-17 .

NilH~t.y..(liKIILn Bombj).rdrn~nt S qu iL dr on ~ _ B -1 .7 .

I'our If"ud...-da"d Thlct),-firlrt Bomb",d-men" Squ~rolH_~_ ~ ~_~•• • B-17.

I 'i lLh Bomb"mmenl. Q«mp (FE):

TWCFlliy~lhird 1l0)nbBrdmG.n~ SqUo.d:roI I D-17.

TMrtY·fir.t l Joml ll lrdment SQuadron . B-J 7.

So ,v o nt } ·- , • • on<lBo.nbartlm.l1i; Squo.dcoo _ 13-J 7.

Throe H" . . d",<1 BD C Ninoty-foLlrth B~m

bnr<lrncot S'!uo.d"'"" __ .......... . &-11.

2

Una ' 1 ' t J ' } - t A l r . c r I l l R

,slxIY-IL;nlh Bo'''bnrd'M"t Squadron (J,I) _ ll-26.

So, 'c nti "lb n "u ili nr<i "' e" t S qu ad ron (111) _ l l- 20 .Th reo HI!HI red nu d F o rt )r -6 Ew c . . t h F L Kh t f. !r

Group:

Sixtj".se'IQI1lh l}[ghlc.r Squadron, ?-tOQ,.

Sixty-cighLh F ight, or Squadron__ _ __ _ P -10.

Seven IratI> Figh "" Sq"", I 1 '. , , , _ _ .. . . . . _ _ r-as.Three D undmd ned Thjrty-Ilill~.h Fightergqundrou ~-_ r • P-38.

Twollll, Fight<,. Squadron ........ _ ]'-39.

Forty-fourlh Figh l", Sqund, ,", -- .. . • __ _ P~lO.

1'hir.tecn~h Troop C nl1d e.r'Sq I1 8rlo ll_._ . _ _ & (;-4-7.

~ ' F .S " [ I iO I r t I 'U . & II C ' I o'r'~!J,

4. 11rm,y Ai,' Farce Q P c t a l i 01 I 11 i.. the S Qu lhPu-t)ijU:.-PriOl" ~o the Gundo,[caoo) l o . f f: e nsi v e , A rmy

Air Forces units in theSouth Pacific were employed

in Il. [ lu . I- el y d e f< ln " ivB ro le. T heil ' principal

mission in this connect ion was sell search in, order

te prevent nny surpr ise at taoks I:\gaml!L t he key

bases alocg the shipping route to AUI!Lrll:lia. No

enemy bases w er e w it hin . range of tho medium

bombers f ind f ight~rs then bnsed in the are".

It w ns not until the Eleventh Bombardment

Group a rrived in the Sou~h P f lc i.Acin ,Jilly 1g42

th at th e Army Ai~' Forces could engage in o f f e i l s . h ' l lop a.l"lll;ious, Th GS e were In" n c h ed u nd er the mos t

trying conditions .immediatoly nfter tbe arrival of

th e g reu p . Ev e n before the nrri V"I 0f ground

crews the group waa Ilying 710 nau ticnl miles from

Efato on ssaroh and photographic missions over

the T u Ja gi -G u i, li nl cl l> m u- G lw u tu a re a.

BMore the Mmino l andings IttGuadulennal an d

'I'ulngi, thll Eleventh. Group ,Ms c1,,"ign.~ted p task

[orca w hich w ns to lrit tho ]"mling " re as ,v ith

lnnxinllun force fl'OIU 3 t July th.rongh6 Augus t

lind t o c on ti nue , its normal !·oconnaissnn~.. activity.

During tho pmiod. I .h e g ro u p 110lV50 bombiDg

sor ti es nnd 22 r eeonrmissnnce miss ions. After 1A UgD.st th e p ln n e s w ere I,lble to ratu ro to bllSe ,.i aLim nOw field "t Espi,ri tu San to. 'rho g l "DUp

OOJ1 l t ll ondpos t WlS moyed. to E8pil'itu So .n t o ' SOO~1>liter M , e : fi el d be cAmo op ~l ·f l .t iona l . Baea" so 0 f

Umi t ed f" o i I i ties "t f01"\Yurd bMilS n ~ E f o . t" " -n d

E Sj )ir il;ll S "n to , n c on si dc ro bJ e p Ult o f th a Iljrcr.oit

s t! -e ng th h ml LO b e d is pe rs ed on fie ld s in N o,\,

Culadonill oml in the Fiji Islnm ls . Duily sen rch

missions were IIOIl 'U t rom a ll bn.sell.

Bolween t he p r e. l( ll ld i ng u s so . ul t on T uln g; f in d

Gu a d nl cf lJ lo l , i n August, u nd l llid -N o ve mb er l\J 4. 2,

when Henl1or!!OIl F i~ ld b e cam e nvllilublo for he",,),

b om be r O pS l"f LtiO ll~ , t he g l'O llp ] 1u ss io n w u s p ri -

n Ullily l 'econn "jSS ",llO e o f M rt ureu s. W ith tho

e xc ep tio n o f o C (l lls io nu ! s tl ikos agninst enemy

bnses, bombhlg miss',ol1!1 wera limited lio enemy

i O · t : ." O O . . .. . . u--.:.!I

j '

s ur fa oe u n it s til" t e um e w ith in r an ge . A notable

target of this type presented itself 011 24 August

w he n a h ug e ,I ap an es e tu sk fO ,r -c e, in a n o .t tc m p t to

retllke Guadnlcannl, w as defea ted in the 13l1.ttln of

the Eastern Solomons. The Eleventh Group

pl1.r~ic',po.ood in this bu ttle wit h Nil vy and M urine

R·waft and wi th surface units.

A fter m oving to Henderson F ir-ld the grQupr an ge w a s " ,'{ te n de d to tb e n o r t b e mmo st Solomons,

Lh us foci! i .tating IIH a .c ks a ga in st II II r n b e r of

importan t enemy bases, such OS ,,11"1118, Short-

land-Fais i.Kahili, nod Bukn, A fur ther iucrease in

our heavy born be r opera tions I rom G IIndalcanal

w ns su bssq u enUy rn ad~ possibl e by the ccnstrue-

Lion 0 1 1J", 0 additional bomber strips near Eol i

Point abouL 10miles cast, of Henderson Field.

Units of the FiHh. Bomburdmnnt Group had

b~gun m ov in g in to th e South Pacific in September

1942. Their operations followed t h e p u tt er n of the

Ela'Tenth Group, being l imited [or Lbemost par t to

sea search until they were moved to Guadalcanal,

within affectiv .e range of the enemy bases,

O nly tw o A rmy A ir For= figh ter squad rons

participated in the Guad alcannl operation dur ing19'1,2. On 22 Ak l gUGt 1942, five P--400's of Ute

Sixty-seventh Figbter Squar lron arr ived a.t Hen-

derson Field afte r a long cverw ater flight (rom

New Caledonia \";0 Efnte nnd Espiritu Santo ..

Aftcr the nrrival of [be ground echelon and nine

more P--400's, the squadron joined the marines in

the defense 0f Ule isl and. Bacause 0. f I ; 1 i e loweeilinl

of the P--400's, th e m iss io n o f th e s qu ad ro n Willi

SOOIlchanged from illterc"ptiou tQ close coordina-

tion ill support of marine troops, whe re ils work

proved in "n lu ab lc. A s in th e cn se o f th e E le ven th

B ombllrillncnt Gro up , tile opcrn tiion~1 di(ficu!tie5

of tb.~ squadr 'ol l during ! Jl e e a. dy d ay s "'ore n.lmost

insul-mollntable.

I n N o v em b er 1942, t ho T h re e HUncir()(l Thi rty-

l!.int;h Fighter Squadron begOJ) epe.ro.li.ng with1?-3S 's f rom Figll ter Olle, a new strip just; "lISt o[

HOilderson Field. l is p r ir n al Y m i ss io o o .t tbat tinle,

as w ell n s th at 'If a l l.&vn i lnb l e a i rc r a ft , was ro sLop

the "Tokyo Express, ," fnst !lav"l vessels which

"Hcmpted~o rllin:[oteO and .suppLy Guadnlcannl at

night. A H hO l'g h th a e risis ill t h e Ou~ d li l( : 'H - I IR l

operation Co . lUCtoward th ~ e nd of Octobor when

Lhocncrl lY WIl.S driven 'ba~k a fl "r h is Ulajor land

'lss1l.l!lt &gRl1.s~Henderson Field am I wns fQrced.to

w i tb d ra w a h o .t te J' l! (] n av n l f or ca Irom th~ B aU le o f

S,wtu Cruz I slands . tho "Expnlss" "on~ioued [(I

J " tm bu t nc"'cr ag aio w as ab le to . !tuld enough force;;

t o ~ h re n te n our hold all the island.

3



The only o tnar Army Air Foree uni t t ,o take .IL"

a t ive part inthe lower olomo!)" cSDlpUlgn dll~g

this period wa the Thirteenth ~roop arner

quadron, which, with two manne trausport

squadrons, began to haul a ';>l.t!~ll .gRsohn(l ~oHenderson Field duruig UI.~ c ri ti ca l period :"October 1942. The operation enabled !IJ(; few 91I-

CJ'a[~ t llU~ hod surv ived the shel l fi re f rom the"E~l'ress" to light buck agninsL what IlpP arcd to

btl overwhelming odd',5 . P ri nt ip al o pl lT at i0 11 al l'Toblems.-BefofC. the

end of 1942, enough cxp~riencOl and operatIOnal

data had been gamed 10 pe rmi t an assessment, flf

Army Air Forces nmploymrmt and a-<:hievemcnt~

in the outh Pacific. ince the heavy bomb I"S

composnd th e major port ion of the s triking Ioree

their record was of primary concern.Tile B--11 had been proved 11 remarkable plane,

pllrlimliarly successful in engagements with enemy

aircraft. 0ur heavy bomb ers , IlSU ally nneseoute dand outnumbered, had destroyed 1241Ulcldamaged

57 out of 630 planes of all types contacted.

Only 6 B--17's were 10t in combat . ' I' he re were ,

however, 12 opcro.tionallosscs during the period.

Considerable problems concerning the employ-

ment of the B-H were apparent, By (OJ' the

major portion of t il e heavy bombardment e ffo rt

had baan devoted to r e counaissanoe, which re-

duced appreciably the effeeLof the str iking force,

lISrevealed in a study ofresults of attacks Ilglliust

S\ITfM. ships . In October, OMGEN. OPAC

recommended tbnt 25 percent of heavy-bomber

ell'ol't be l imi ted to reeonuai ssunee , and tha t Lhe

major effort be (h!\'oted to importan t ob j eeLivaslying bnyond the range of o ther l 'yp05 of Ilircraft

or to 'important snrfuce t argets in Ioree at all

ranges.

Originally it had boon assumed t l U i e t the PB 's

would ca rry ou t sear ch missions, but the vulne r-

abi li ty 01 the s low Catal inn r ende red i t much les s

mlinble than the B-17. They were frequently

sMt down in nttemptmg to contact Jupanese

car rier forces or when f lying near buses dclendsd

by figh te rs. ineo the inlorma tion brought hack

by the search pll1ucs wns absolutely vital to thn

the..t '"comml1nd~r and could be obtnined ill no

other wny, the rUCOJ'lnllissanM UJ"deu o r the heavy

bombardment uni ts wos not re lioved unt il 19'13

when thl l PB4Y' (Navy mode l o[ B-24) r eachedthe theo.ter.

Inadequlllal\i.rcil'om fnailiLi.,s al Espiritu SIlUto

Usn limil('u Lhoelfe 'Iivcnlllls of the hllavy bombers,

Pri tn it iv l iv ing c on di Li on s i mp ai re d Our c rew

eff lcioJ\cy nnd tho crowded, small rtirdt 'Ollles not

only limited the number of oin:rnItil\ (OJ'ward

a reas , but , because of iho t ime r equi red to take-o lI

f rom such fields, l imi ted the number of p lanes "hat .

could participate ill a mission. Rnpid develop,

mont of f ields {or heavy bombers rut GuadalclI lml

wns urged in order t lULt more planes could be put,

in the air as wcll as te bl·i.ng impol'tn,n,t rl1cmybase within range .

By Decemb 1" 1942 the airdr me sibuation was

omewhat improved, with heavy bombers opera-

t iug ' from Hendar son Field and another bomber

Holdunde r const ruct iou a t Kol i Po in t.

The P-38 was by fnr the best Army Ail" ]'orces

lighter in the theater, but because of the low

priority of the theuter, only one squadron was

equipp d. with them ll.t tho time,

A fUl'thllr ope ra tiounl problem during 1942 was

one of many t hl lt 0 1" 0 e from the command organ i-

zn.tion ill the thuatsr. The Navy commander of

all aircraft, OwIAlRSOPAC, was based in

Espiritu Santo, whereas Co.MGENSOPA had

to remain inNoumea with the theater commnndcr .

In [ovember 1942 CQl,'IGENSOPA reommend-ed the activation of an air force . in the theater 0

the Ohief of Staff, Uni ted States Army, sayi ng ill

part, ''It is impossible for me as commander 0'[ O lD

A.rmy {orcas to exercise directly the command

re ponsibility of ail' units that; is required and

nece IHy to insure their pr paredness, proper

dis tr ibution I l. IId8 'omplishmellt of operations I ,CI

the e..'\:'t ent o f which I am responsibl ".Itwns his plan ~b" ,t the new air force eouirnnuder

should OplID II.headq UI1t:~el"8near COMAlR .OPAO

where lie would be ill 11posi tion to ILdvlSC, and

coordiua te p l!1DS of cnMA.TR for oporaticnnl

.unployment of Army Air Forccs ait'?fn.fL.

6, Birth of the Thirle.mll. At'/" ~Qrce.-Oll

5December 19<t2, the OhieI ofS ta ff, mte£! tates

Army, advised COiloIGEN OPAC by diBP~Lchtl.ll1:

Army Air Forces uui ts in the So IItil Pacific Wet e

designated ttw Thirteenth Ail' Force. A ~fl.1"·1 4 D" mber (lIiLhol'l"edDepar tment le~ lc l' , data' 1 aG C , •

activation of Ih Thirleellth Air Force ,vlLh f~

hendqunrters unc i Jlcfl.lqlllll"ters squadron, ns wol l

n u bomber IIml figb,LerCOlnll1llnd, A sub Ollu"nt'Co 1 tll ,hles of

lelter, c ia ted 4. JnnU(lJ''j'' 1943, specillur,

orgnn.izl1~ioil ill be \ \s~d . l'!cclLuso of tit? \;J~le

di persian or "i r un it s /uu l tbG conLrol e."(e"cIS~( ~lY1 l· d I 'e pOl ls lb l -OCII Islulld cOlOml1ntlol 's, commllll .-iUe o[ th born be l" !l lld f ighl ru ' com[UtUid wO I I I < :

be l 'e sL I' icLed, For [h is runsol l reduced Lubles 0

I J . > 0 U " r , D ll lm lU n L o ~hI1l1mH. 2DNO~'II!IP1;l.urHH1. .

4

orgnnizatlou were recommended for them by

COMGE rSOPA . Thos were deleted entir£lly

in the lust I uer, but were to b approved by the

Waf Depar tment, i f warr an ted by 11 chnnge in the

t ac tic u l situation. A ll pm'SOI lUul had to come

Irom sources already under coutrol of COMGEN-

SOPAC, and no r ep ln ce mcU L w er e lluthOl'i~cd, IL

res tr iction which no doubt WIIS for the purpose of

holding down strength in the Mea to that already

committ d by he Oombinad hiefs of Laff.

"It WIIS not dear what the IlOW air force could

a complish, I ta establishment in no way altered

the bas ic pat t rn ofopera tional control 01 aircraft

jn th<l ouob Pacifi c, whi ch remained lIS bnfor"

with COJl,WR 'OPAC. For the present, • • •

the Thirtsenth's control over opemtlons must

remain upon an advisory basis, depend nt in IL

large 'part upon MIll relation b twe m . i ts Com-

rnanding eneral and O:M.AlR. OrAC."·

III, THIRTEENTH AIR FORCE IN THE SOUTH PACIFIC(JANUARY 1943--JANUARY 1944)

1. Ac!ivalion,-Thc ' I' hi rt eenth Ail ' Force was

activated 13 January 1943. Headquarters were

immediataly established 0.1; Espiritu Santo adjilcllnt

to the headquarters of COMAIRSOPAC. Al-

though boob Army Air Force tac ti cal and se rv ice

units iu the theater W()l"B aasignad to th~ Thirteenth

Air Force, it had operational control of neither.

COMAIR OPAD had operational control of all

l end-based ai rc ra ft and the i slnnd commander s

re tained cont ro l o f se rv ice units in their areas.

By mid-1943 the XlII Air Service Command was

activated and illservice units were ass igned to it.

The Thirteentll .AirForce, 110WeVGJ", did not gai n

operational control OVer i ts tncticoJ units until a

year l 1 L W 1 ' whan it; was moved to the Southwest.

Pacific 8 part of the Far East. Ail ' Forces,

2. Ohange/; in air organi2ation in I . h . e outh.

Pae'ijic.-Air organization ill the outh Paeifle

underwent a gradual chango during late 1942 und

1943. In December 1942, the senior nava l uviu-

tor on Guadalcanal exorc ised d irect con tr ol ove r

aircraft, of ull services bases 011 the i sland in add i-

tion to his normal Iunct iou of Commander, econd

j,\,[p,rineAircr ..ft Wblg, He was responsible only

to COMll.lltSOPAC.

With th growth of air strength in tho forward

area, bl1i s orgnnlznti on uppnreutly proved un-

sas isl ao to ry . During February , . . s epa ra te head-

quarters, known 8S Air Command, So lomons, o r

by I,h" abbreviated tit! of OOMAffiSO:U,

nssumed command o[ oil o.ircruft on Guadolco.nal.

T h o n ew O l· ga ll iz n. ti on depended initial ly upon tho

stl li{ of tho Ssoolll l MIIJ' iM Air Wing ill execu!. ing

it 9 lniS!!ioll, but la,tQI" .it developed II more illdepen-

dent s!cmctUl 'O whic,b included I" prcsontu~ive8 of

t he Army Ai. Force, NMry, no.d M iIl ' ines .By mid-1943 , i t WIIS d c ided thn t the commtll ld

should be rotated nlllong Army Air Forces, a"y

un d Mluine officers, Thus, two commallding

generals of the Tb.irbeenth became COMAIR OLS

and exercised operational con t rol of ill lund

based. aircraft, in the olomons, with the except ion

of those engnged in seasearch which remained

under direct control of COi\UIB: OPAC, who

con tinued [;0 be the sen ior air commander in the

area. V\' itene,'er COMAIR OLS changed hand ,

enough of the old staff was r tained to insure

continuity of commnnd.

The task of welding the conglomerats force of

Army Air Forces, Na \'Y, Mar ine, and Royul J ow

Zealand Air Force into 0. smco bly functioning

orgunizution \VIIS not; lin easy one. Thcrc W!lJ"O

problems ofsupply, adminis tration, and of combat

technique, COMAlRSOLS wa not the ideal

type of command but represented 0. compromise

which was a vast improvement over the ini tial

organixation, i ll which the staff was entirely Nn' 'Y.

Tbe important fact js that the eonuuaud worked

well, the spiri t of cooperation 1I.ll10Ilg the services

imPI 'O"OO markedly, and a more efficient employ-

ment of all types of aircraft was undoubtedly

achieved.

3. Thv1eenlh Air Force operotiolls prior to N.wOeor!rio Camp<£ign,-Orgllnized nem, resistance0[[ Guadn lcnnal cnme to all end !lFebruary 194::1.

Despite our maximum air effort, the Japnnesemanaged to svacunte OJ . hugo part of their 1"0-

maining forces on Guadel canal during the first

week in. February,

The enemy reo tion to th loss of Gunde lcanal

was the rupirl development of new and he!l"Y

defenses in the northern Solomons, It was

lIvi<1ent from the In,pllIlese air strength in tbe

Solomous ! ll ld Bismal'cks tha~ the enemy contem-

pill t ed morc than defen"ive warfa re . 'While COli,

ti.olling to trength 11their p o si ti Q ll S i n the mid"l

I GUlLdn.lcIrinal Jmt.1be 11'~NottheTb~teenlb Air t'0Rt!, .\cml~\U ."1 rw

H b t O l " f c : I I I l Slu~Uer.No.. a . : i , p. 1 ! 0 .

5



unc i upper Solomons they d id thei r best to re tar d

our dovelopment of Guadalcanal. Large scale

enemy air nLt,wkB agn ins t our ins tal la t ioo" on the

island and sli ipping offshore ~ouli1\uecl un til the

middleo f the yellr.One o( tho I"rge<>trnids uume 01.1 7 April when 50

Jnpanose bnmbers escorted by 48 l ighters mnde a

ui"ht attack on shipping oft Guadalenuol, Tileen~IllY loot 37 planes ti l Allied fighters ill thB

attempt. Th e P-38's proved ~heir wor th ns high

.111itud B nigh t figbters w hen 4 of them silo t down

1f 11 ,,llfos contacted at 35,000 Iest,

InJune the enemy brough t his offensive ,lg..tllst

G U adalcaual to lUI en d wi til throe IB rgc-scalc raid s,The cuemy withdmw from each of these with

he ll "y loss es . On i June, be losl23 planes; an 12

June 25; IUldin tile climactic mid 01115June when

he sent , over about 120 figh te rs IUJd bombers , he

lost 77 to Allied Jightersnnd Jmore to nntiaircrnft

fire. During th~ Iasl raid the fighters o r the

Thirteenth Ai r Forcn ga \'0 H par ticularly good

RCCOUllt nf themselves, shooting down 3'9 enemy

pl anes whil u losing o.l ly 1 of th~ 43 pl 1Ul(,S 1hey

IIad in the sir .

Wh.ilethe war ofattr it ion rook place over Guad-

alcanal, COMAIRSOLS conducted rut offensive

ngainst Japanese boses .in lha Solomons, The

newest and sou themmosco ( tilese were 11unda

ai rfi eld on New Georg ia IUld Vila a ird rome on

nearby Kolombangll .rR. Allied bombers SPClll'-

h ca do '< l b y the II 011Ii5 0f the 'I'hirlee II ~h Ai..

Fame coneen Lrated On tJ , esc fields ill slIch lorce

Lhn~bJ' Ihe <!Udof Marcil Ute JllpaHese ceased

ba...nng !l.iTcrn.ft tilere. Fortunately tJ1C cnerny

. bad. b e l l ] ) , en.ught in thn middle Solomaus before

he eould hui ld u l> iU I> ort fl.o~b as~s. His maxi-

mum lliT s tr l! llglll at Vilu Rnd ).Iul1(l& wus esti-

mated as 35 planes in February. Ilwas nll(wss!Uy

to con~;nu~ "u!"\ 'cil\ nnCll liud aC e El.iiOUllUy Loham b

tbe New Georgio airfilll<ls, however, ulltil theirc..pture.

Tb" mojof bombi11g e ffort n ft~r ""I nr cb wa ll

diroctlld against uppnr Solom OIlS 6eltlS Ht Kflhili

u~ d Balle.le Ilml Q til ~r i[\ijtaUnliollSill ~h~Bo ugain.

I'ille..ShortJa.mllll"ctl. Atincks on Uw~e objec~ives

h ! L e I begun JJl the tll .l tcr pn. ,. t 0 r r942 with lh (I

Elevelltil DamblL.dmcnt Grollp strike on Kahili

in Novcmbrr. TIlt' bombing eflor~ II'IlS now iu-

lenlfiliad in prcl>Qru.lion for the coming ofJl!nsive

lh ru.t j"to New Georgi a. In l\hy and JUll1!, 182tons 0 f born bs wore dropped ton Dougnil l' ,i Il e -SlIur llnnci lnrg,>ts nlmost entirely by hen vylHmlbp,l"S.

011 21 Fubruary 1943 our grouud I or ce s 1 1 1! lt tc d

i .u tho Russe ll Is lands II snort distance west of

Glludalcl1l l1 't i. Work waa immediately begun on

Lwo air fields . .suitable far f ighters ami ligh t bomb-

CI"S. both a fwhieh wore ill Ollcrnbion iJy tJlC mkl'dlll

of the yen!',

DUl · i .Ug Fubrunry 1943, tho Eleven th Bombanl.

mont G roup hacl beau retmncd to Hawaii and re-placed by two squadrons of ~hc Threo hundred

a nd S C V( lJ lU , Bomberdmont Group, equipped with

B-24's. In June, two more squadrons o f ~h.l·

Three Hundred end Seventh &nd two additionn]

msdiurn bombardment squadrons reached the

thea te r. The l ll .t to"rwith two medium SQUUl'lrOll8

nlroa, ly present , f ormed the Forty- seconc l Bom-

bardmont Group, During ~lIe first hull of 1943,

medium bombardmant squadrons gt"III;i.U(lUywere

able t o replace thou B-26's with B-Ze's.

4. Fl ew GlWrg ia 0l'e, .a tio' /ts. -Obviously the goul

of bhe South Pacif ic fo rces was a drive through tho

Solomons to Rabao}, "the keystone of Japancee

st rength in the Soulih and Soushwesf Pae ifi c. Or ig -

l Or Ll ly A l li e d wnr plans con templa ted the ~a lring

of Rabaul in a combinad opcraeion of South andSouthwest Pacif ic farces. It was not until Iator,

nfter Babaul had been. ueutralized (rom the ai!'

by Scuth Pacific fareGS, that it WlIS decided tobypass it.

Ench phase ill the drive n OT ~h wc st w! Lr d w us

dictated by t he Deed far nddit iollO] air bnses in

order to pllwe our striking force wi thin l"l1ngc o f

the en~my's gradu(llIy J"etl'eatjug air power. 'fh"fi rs t st ep af ter the cornple~ion of t il e Gund!llcllIla,1

co.mpuign and eS~ !I ,bl i sb ing a i l· bllSes "in the Russoll

!slo..nds II'IlS ~Ileinvasion of New Geol'gi!1<.

'fIle cumpuigu began on 30 June 1943 witb a

JllJldiug on RIl.ndOl'a I shLnds prcpurUlg I ..be wny

for t ,he seiZlltll of the JIl,P ru.l'bnsll at MlInda. 'fheThir,tcen IohAil"Foree effort Willi grcnter thall evel'

b"10ro ill is his to ry. 'I'h e 77"8 tons 0 f bOIl Ins

dropped in ;J uly WIl 'S grel1tcl" ~hal1 thnt dl'opp.ed

duri:ng ~h e entire 4 mOlllhs pl·ee~ding. Its. prm-

ei pill to rget was th e impo rta n t ., J npl1flcse n.trbns<l

lit Kahili On Bougl l. invi li e, wbcre the enemy hu. (L

fllflnllged La mldnLn.i:" nIl l 1 i r stl"eng~h ofnppfoXl-

IIm tely 100 pIQues. Vil!L, M!lJlda, n,nd Ball_nla

werB II.lso hit during Lh o period. Tho OPOI'",t lon

nodlld on 5 Augnst. 1943 with t.bec"plou I·e of Mundo .

a ird rumc . In add .i tiol l to denying b lHlancmy tho

use of i~suirdrom~s, the Tlljl"touutb Air FOl'ce .de-

s troyed 66 .J!1pl l l1l l ! le planes, snnk an enemy cru Iser

[lnd desLroyn , U c ,r rgo ships rIDd2 othol ' ves se ls

d IIri.ng the I'priod.

6

.~, Etn.we~·slll!i/ll"t Bay op6I1'!timl,.-lmllwdiILLely

a [ to I" ~hll cap bll re 0 f Mund n, all All iod a [rrri1Jt iI!

tho SOt,f ,h Pacif ic ware employed in pav ing the

Wll..l' (or tho Emp.-e ss August Bay landing On J

November 194.~. .

The mujor .. ;1 · m is si on w as th r r wu lr ,d i" ,I l." io tl o ]

( 'n~my ui r s trC"t J:~h in t l, ,· northe rn Solemons,

which wns bnsed princ ipal ly nLBukn, Knhili, ami

Bail IIJe. On the dny uf the landing all .la panesof to lds in t Il e northc ru Solomons were unservice-

11 J 0 n.n d M emy uircrnf t strong iJl in. L Il e n rc a II n d

dwindled from 130 l)1"n<$ at t J ,O beg inuing or

October to 31. B y is November no enemy air-

e rnft ware s ighted on enemy bases in the aren,

B)",eRrly October the Sixty-s even th Figh te r

Squadron WIIS based ut Munda, t l,e ScveoLi cth

ot nearby Ondongn, the Si xt y-ninth, Seventy-

filth, !ll ld Three Hundred f il ld Ninetie! ;b Bombard-

ment Squadrons (M) were in tbe Russel l I sl ands,

and the "Forty-fourth Fighter Squadron 11(; Gundal-

caua 1. The strength of tIle Flin, and Three

Hundred and Seven th Bornbnrdrnent Groups ( ]I)

was d iv ided between QlIl1r1lJ'\cnnal and Espiritu

Santo, During September and October alone,

u,irm:aft 0r Llle'Thirteen th Ai!·Force drop pad 1,800

tons a f bombs On targets in Bougainville,

'File landings 011 Bougn invillc hnd been pre-

ceded by landings in the Treasury Islands,

SO\l tit of Bougaui v il le , on 27 Oc tobe r. Air!id. c1s

n.t boel, S t. ir ling Island in t-lw Treasury gl"OlIl' nnd

Tm·okina on Bougnil lv il le would permi t figh te '·

cover [ 01 ' l llB jlrojected C!1l11pl1jg-no reduoe"

R n 'b I. nI . ' J' oJ "o ]( in n f igbter s tr ip wru; com]}letcd

an d rm ldy for opu,·"tio]1s 011 " I0 D~e<"l1lbor 1943,

while S~il'ljllg Field did Hot beOOlJ1eopol'alionol

until oO),rly i11 ,JrullHU·.l' Llw [allowing yen)".

G. Rabaul npemli(m.-Ral}'lUI hnd been I,il

l"opel1tedIYol'l'ougholl t Uw g rc v> L er p ll rt of 1042

Illld1943 by the Fifth Air Fomc" On ArmisticI'

'On.:!, 1943" !.Il'e'L'hir~acnth joined ~1](' Filth Ail·

Force nnd Navy car";m· pillnes i J . 1 nn ntL lld,

Rgo,j.)1stsh ip pin g itl Rnbll, ,1 hu. ,·bor. B" t tor the

'l'llirteon.th &nd CO/lfAIR SOlii :i , the Rabnul

cnmpnign did not begin in carnes" untTI lu;te in

DecBmbor 1943,Rn'bo.ul wM by fur the ~lroJ1gcst mId l"IlasL

importllll ~ , Tn .p "u es e b ns o i n the Soutbwost P!lcific.

Acoording to N, .vy t'sti nl lltcs, 400,000 tons of

shipp ing WGot i ll unc i ou t a[ I bi s harbo)' ill D~-

oombN' 1943. Throughout lhn Solomons C1l1l1-

jl!l-ign it tll).d served ,16 U1'~Icnr hnse [ or (,be Jnp-

n , 1 IC lSe ! l . i. r s t , .e l l gMl , II'llicb had r e n a l lO t ! a ] l(0I l k 0 {

36 7 ,..,lanl)S by the ond 01 August 1\)43,

"

From 23 Decem bor 194·3until the l indof March

1944 Thirt~enth Air F01ce B-24's, "8-25'5, nnd

P-38's wiLh al l other nircra rt at U..' dispcsal of

COll1AIUSOLS, eouriueted lin all-out oflenslva

aguin st Ie Rn bnu I nron . T he ,J IIp!111 ese de-

feuded ~ ~r c. "l y, p ou ring in l igh l~r ".ir·pmf~ ns Ihe

C > . l 1 1 1 pe, i gn pregressed. It ru list h nve he r" soon

nppnrent to the enemy th!l.L he "'1lS lo sin g h is

nircrnft anrl pilots at a Jaster rot . . 1,hJLll be couldt1.lTord. N"vcrth..Jass, he refused to withdraw

from th~ bnt~le unt il tho AmericDn car ri er s trike

at 'I' ruk, dur ing mid-February, forced him to

rei nfo rc e Il .g nist til e t hre n t there. Bel;weom 19

Februo. ry nnd the end Q[ the month, must of the

r em e i u in g 0 il: s trcng tb ' "fls withd rn w n (,0 T ruk,

Thl' ro w airera EllQft ut Rabaul rurely ntternpted

n il intercep l ion. Thus, it mol' be snid tha I the

aerial battle of Rnbaul bod come to an end by

the lost of February 1944. During the bottle

COJ).'IAlRSOLS aircraft destroyed 705 enemy

planes, of which 2t\6 were s\lI)t down by the

Thirt ceut ll Ail "Force . A lur gc r proport ion u l lhe

enemy planes were destroyed by the Nil")',

l\'I,.,riIl~,und Roys I New ZC!l i :" ,udAir Force l,hllll'S,

which provided most 01 the f ighter cover ,

The enemy used his besb Nuvy pilots 11.1,,1ir-

craft in his n Llempl to slop the .:'!,mericlUln d v a uc e

til rough tlie Solomons. In the hILt]," of IIHlitioll

tha t fo llowed the Jnpanese los tbeav ily. Accord-

iug to stl 'leml:lll 'S of Japanese nnval off icers after

Ilie wllr tbe bigb Tn te of loss of e:~pcrienQed pilots

ill the Solomolls ! lnd av"r Rabaul wenkened lilQir

N!1I'YAjr Fnree m or e (b nn !lilyuthnr operntiall of

the WH

IJI tb~ first :~ mqnLbs of 10,;,4, the Thi:r tcomUI

Air lrorce dropped nearly 5,000 tons of high ~x-

pJosiycs On lll" Rfthnlll I Uo u . The f i"c I lirf i~ldshor~ Uw bnmt of hho attack. hut supply n rNIS .

shipping inslnll:1tiollll, nncllite toWlI iLsd[ I'"en ruso

bnnllli~.

More tll.m 64·tOllS

were droppedOll

targets. ill Nc,,· ll'elalld., priJ!cip"Uy Ihe .Ilirtiromc

fl t BOl"pop, IUld appro;l:i[llnt"efy 34 tOIll! were

dropped On sh.ipptng ill N ow Brihlin fm d r~w

Irelau d \\fate rs.

The "t lucks ou R,, ,bllut !H,d N~II· I relund dul '-

illg lbis pe~iod nid~d the .."Wed i.llvnsion 01 Gr~cll

I slond "n 15 l!'cbrtll lry ! !nel 1be Ad!ll;,.nl.ty lsl,uld.

o n 2 9 F eb r!U lr y" bo~h of whie:h 50011 were 1<1 be

htl ill into imporL]]nt "ir bnsrs.

Wit, t , Rabnul l 1Q u tJ 'l ui ze d, l he Thirteenth'"

henv ie s turned thei r 0 ~lell t ion lo ! .argots in the

CO l1'0 IiItD Is] n11{1, I , Q n l 'i ng [11 mc<Uum bombers

7



31H16 .g1 1ors, Logctllct w i l h 0thor COUAIRSO lJ3

planes to maintain tho neutral izat ion of Rabaul.

In Augost 1943 t il e Thi rt een th A ir Fore' i nt ro -

d need II 110W weapon ill to tile wnr, A t tIm t tim II

~he first ,LAB B-24 (low ult itude bomber) f lew an

nn ti shipp iug mission i ll t he Sou th Pac if ic. Thi s

uircralt WIlS equipped with n new type rnda.r

which enabled accurate bombing ofships from low

Il. lt i~udes a t n ight , even under instrument condi-

lions . "The noopars ," ItS these plnnes became

known , were eminent ly succ essful . P ri or t o Lho

int roducf ion o ( the LAB B-24, t be Jo.pnnese had

bean uble to make fast shipping runs nt night to

thei r Solomon ba se s wi th rWo.l i ve s ll fe~y . They

lost 11 number o r des troye rs and o ther fus t v esse ls

to I he" noopers" before Lhey realized thnL nighL

Lrn ff ic hnd bean c lo sed to them IIJ80. La tUI' the

"Snooper " played ItIl importa n t parI, in Lit.,

isola.tion of Rflbllul by prcvouting flls~ shipping

runs into lila harbor ItL night . Event1l ll lly

enough LAB B-24's reucherl Lite tlwfller to form LheEight hundred and !lb.b.v-eigh th Bemburdmen tSquadron. Further achievements of Lho unit in

the Southwest Pacific are (lover ed in f ollowing

SeC Lions of this report.

IV . G AIN IN G A PP RO AC HE S T O THE P HIL IP PIN ES

1. 1'ke Caroline . . ..-With t he neut ra li za ti on o f

Rn b uul and Kavieng area, the Thir teenth Air

Force WIIS prepared to enter upon II new phase

of eperations, It would. help secure pcsitiona in

N~I'Guinea and the N therland Indies hom

which Allied forces could launch lIU a ttn k direc tly

against the Philippines, Befor e turning, how-

ever, to assault Japanese positions in _'ewGuinea and the Neth rland Indies, the Thirteenth

took pa rt in the Central Pacific cnmpa ign. Pat-

ticipatiou in the Central Pac if ic campaign served

two main purpos es ; to aid tbe off ensives in the

Cnrol inns and Mur ia nas , and to neutraliac tile

out er r ing o f i sl and p ro te t ing the wes tern delon -

S!)S o r the Philippines.

' I'ruk, "'elcai, Yap, and the Pnlau Islands , In

the nrol in es , formed 0. Ittl-ge part of th out r

dul en sive r ing f la nking the app roaches to Japan

and the Philippines , 'l'ruk and Palau \\'01' vital

shipp ing Dud supp ly cen cr s, ·till more signifi-

cant, the Ca.roline bllsc,s formee! links in lin

ooria l aha in connect ing the Phi lippines, the Mo.ri -

nnn , and the N lar shal ls , Ilchain that gave JaJ)-

I1MSC l li rpolVer greater f lexibi li ty and mobil ity inmeeting All ied tJU"ustsaga inst the outer defenses

of IJ~c Empire. 'rruk and Pnlau "'<!I·e porblLpsthe m .0 8~ IJ Ilp or ta nt li nk s in the vast CentralPn"i!ic.

' rlw at ta ck s ou the Clu"Olines wore llOt uncoonli-

nllted blows in an nerinl wltr of abtt-iLion, but part

of Il mll.te~ pllUl of 'ombined o pe ra L i on . 'rh<lY

took plnco III a number of fairly \Veildeflllcd scries

! 'nch of which Jlnd a dil l' ront til. ( ical purpose. '

LIlIg":",,Clllo l I. j, tackson lhe C.lfo linl 'S b gnl l in

I hI' clOSing c l E L Y " of Mllmh. 'rho thirLeanth lie\\'in support o f a f ast c o.r rie l· tlUlk force whid , was

~1"'llJling into position to hit Palmi, while it.car-

rier plnnes cover ed Yap, Wolefli, ami Ulithi Is-

l auds . The job o f the Thi rt eenth was toneu ta al iz e

Truk, to prevent the Japanese from using air

pOW"I· to st. t- ilm the No.vy Tusk Force from tho

eas t. 'I'lL Thirteenth worked with the Seventh,

which hit Truk at night. Beconnuissanes over

the Truk Group on the 29th aUII 30tJI of March

disclosed 0. totru of laO aircraft on Eton andMoan Islands am! in adj acent wat er s.

The first st. rike uguinst Truk, 0129 Marcb , was

one of the most successful missions ever performed

by the Thirteenth. Itwus the fil'St Innd-based,

do.ylight attack ou tbis well-def ended bus e, It

wn the_longest flight so far undertaken by th

a ir force ; the bombers fl,ew,without f ighter esCOI"~,

nearly 1,000 sta tu te miles Lathe targeb, requiring

13jf hours for Lhe r ound trip. The Liberators of

[he Thr ee hundr ed lind sevennh Bombardment

Group (H), flying from Munda and [TOIll Guadal-

canal, !lnd stnging through Green I land, de-

li"emil a b eu;vy bl0 IV again" t Ja .p a n e sc ail' mstalla-

Lious. A CO)lcrcte runway wus rendered UlJ-

ser"icefLble, f Ll 1 d 2 1 bllugo.rs, shop buildings, o.ud

warehouses Wlirc destroyed or severely damaged.The Jilpane <) lost a ,Lleast 80 planes. ForLy-nine

~tlemy pl'lnes wel'e (lestroyed ou tb' ground; unc i

in ubittor 4,5-mlll\lte 6 .ght w ith a ll es ti !lmlcc l 75

enemy fi..hters, 31 were bot dowll in tbe oir, 12

pmbnhly destroyed, and 10 damaged.

' rhc n l1 -ou t 01Tllsivll ag:ninst 'l'ntk couMued

ov r IIperiod of 5 days, rrom 29 1,, [a l'oh to 2 April;

the ' l' luco hundred nnd sQval l~h and Fil th Groups

destroyed 130 pllLl les in UlO'J 'ruk nron, vir tual ly

til" en ti r' o enemy n il ·gn. rr isol l. Wbi le t he Three

Jurndl'od aud soveubll nne! a numb(1'Pof "S~IQopers"

from th" Eight hWl,(IJ'ed aBd sixty-eighth Bom-

b£lrdm~nt , quodron hit ' fl 'Uk through Lho gnmtel'

8

part of April, Lhe FiHh m oved up to .M omcte 11;1'-

Iield ill Los Negros, in h Admiralties, to gel,

within I'Illlgu of new t.(Legajs in order Lo drive

deeper in , 0 ~h~ enemy del en sl v e r ing, Tho F il th

GI"OllP, which WlS I IlLer joined by lIlIl Three

h un dr ed ,H Id s ov eu t. h , ~ 1" IL \'c l( 'd a pp ro xim nte ly

1,000 miles II"OIlI its Solomon Island bll.:lcto rencl:

it , new home.No advance was more s igni fi can t Ll1flticnlly to

the Thirteenth Air Force thun lh move to tho

Admiralties . Not only did j,he nell' bass afford

nlruost complete control of tlw Bismarck Sea nnd

the approa ·he 1: 0 Rabuul, Kavieng, and the

northea tern. colist of New Guinea; .i t a lso brought

tho erltil·a Om'ol ine cha in , weste rn Now Guinan,

and adjacent islands within range of heavy

bombors. 'file Thirtconth Air Task F01'C{jWIIS

organized to d.il·eet bue lieavios of the Thirteenth,

which were to cooperate witb FiIth Air Force,

Royal Austrnlinn Ail' For cc, and Seventh Fleet

naval nil ' uni ts, t h il t were pe rmanen tl y hosed i lL

Cape G louces ter , New Bri tai n, a nd the Admi ra l-

ties, til s tr ik e b lows in tho lie", areas.

'I'hr- ]o'ifLh Graul', at Los Negr os , was 1101\' inposit ion to aid tho All ie ti advance in lew Guinea.

AmpiJibiolls landings WQI·C scheduled a t Hollo .n-

dill find Aitape Oll 22 AWi! . The Fifth was

1I igned the bask or ncutmlizing \Yolcn.i, 690 milns

nor thwes t o f Los Ncgros , ill order to pr o l cct tll~

northern flnnk of t he " Ja\ ,y t ask force , " ,h id l WIlS

uppcrting' ~h,'anding s. F rom Wolen i Ju, panese

son rch pl anes could wa tch the movemen Ls of Lhe

tusk force, an d en em y llgh to l'S D ud bombers could

harruss it,

IJI n series of bombings, from 18 April to I Ma.\" ,

\ ;r ol i li 1 1' 0 neutralized. In 24 2 Liberator sort ies

[40 ton s o f b ()mb~ " ,o re dropped on ai,. insLlllln-

lions on Ul(' island. On 2 occll·sions thc FiItL

Group fough t [ .l lt ·i r "'Ily through 40 ·5 enemy

intel'eppto''S, leaving II klli] of 20 SUI·o kills nnd 5p1'Obablos, ,,'hi.la wiLnesslll!J" the <les[.ructiOIl of 6

IIlOI'e l)hlneS on Lheground . o ll cel lLmted nHacks

011 !;II. On .r ol i ll C s w a l· e d i" ,· on [ ,i ll lI c d l lI lW I lbe end

of MIlY.2, B;ak.-AILhougll lIo]loll<!i" Wl ( ,nken a t

I l t rnosL no cos~, r l. nd cOLlsLitu Led 11 cOllsid.'mhle

IIdvltnce ruong (Jle coast of 'C\\" Guille.'. providing

f igh t el' cover for t .hr 1Ie."\;L11101'''S inlo enemy terri -

Lo I'Y , l l .l c (1 l"C" did noL pro I' 0 B Uit"ble rOI· IrcD")'

Iomlwr au ·ips . H , ,"us ne cessa ry to s e ize nd v' l ll c e

oprr· ,, "ionru busl' of tbo ! '.nemy, ill or·d('l· t o push

furwul·d ~ha rlt'ive Lo I IN l ll " !t lj~ ,o I ,bo s<lll~horll

op)Jl"O"cbes to Lbe PhilippiJJ", AliiI'd 1'lIlclings

wore mud!', ill MIlY, Oil W llkde, unci on Biak

Islnnd • off the northern '00 t of New Guinea.

Bink, in the, ·hou len Islands, was" key base

ill D . cha in of enemy airfieJds t1II).L extended [rom

lh( ' Phi li pp ines through the Moluc cas , chou t en s,

I Il Id d OW I] tbe northern !loas t of N ew Guinea,

AIte r th •neutra liza t ion of the strong JlIpanesa uir

bas e at 1-Vcwak, aud (he ·optllr of HOlJll.lldio,the enemy made every effort La hold Biuk, In the

spr ing, t he base we re being rushed to complet io r,

and the garrison wlis strongly reinforced. By the

lim e ofthe Allied i nvas ion, one ai rs tr ip had been

completed and two were nearing completion.

With Biak in Al li ed bands , bomber and f ight er

c overuge cou ld be ex tended s li ll fur th er over t he

area s o f we st ern i 'hw· Guine a . . t he Moluc ca s, a ndj,he Celebes.

The Thirteenth Ail' Task Force, whose t ri king

power cons is te d o f the F if th and Three-hund red

and Seventeenth Bombardment Groups (H) and

the E ight -huadred and S ixty-eigh th Bombard-

m n t, Squad ron (H} , \ \" I1S a ss igned the t ask o f sof -

tening up the defenses of Biak preparatory to

invasion. Commencing 4 Mn]' and continuinguntil D-day, 27 Moy, the Task Force's Liber-

ator s, ope rat ing f rom the ir newly a cqui re d bases

onLos Neg ro . i ll t he Admi ral ri es , some 00 t atut e

miles aWlIY,began the syste ll la tic destruc tion of

the islands' doleuses, Appro.'<imate ly 1,500 tons

Were dropped Oi l J,apfillesc in tallations, Mokmer,

tile principal trip.t Bisk, was JliL first" then

bivouno sod supp ly Rt·MS hCCIlIIle the targot..

Finally, bombing 11'8 concentra ted on B0S11ek

tOWJ and ill beach defense ion D-d.y, lite 08-

suult wus pressed until 3 minutes before the

first wave of the Fortv-firs t Dh;s iolI s truck thebeach. •

FilLl, Air ForC<! li gh te rs , b l! cd n t Ho ll andin,

esco rt ed the T)J il 't cen tJ l' s L ib .ro. lo rs for c\ 'er al

doys nf tor t il ey rnl l i nto enemy int f1 lr cep~or s 011the fu l l\\"o t ri ke s, IUld Lbo F if th 's bomber s

joine,1 itl t.hc D-<I.y Ii -aull . Bil l the Thil"tc () ll lb

wn~ l}t inJ nrily t il e " ~I lu lt ILir f orce, with thl!

FilLlJ plnying iI supporting role.

3. The ('aroli/lflll (OOIlLllIUpd).-Art,'r the Diak

!tlllr!ings, the hca I'ics tumed Lheir n~lllr:\t,ionback

1,0 th. nroliucs. This lime [heir objeclive wUS

to l1id in til" lnWISiOll of aipan, whicb was to

Lake plnce oil Hi Jmw. Tlle SUiPllll npNlltioll

\l'1lS perllnl>s U1U mosl WlPOrl,lll[ y I IJnderlukcn

in the l'ncific. Air 1>6, ,5 011 aiplln \V<mldbrill£.

' fokO'o wil h i . 1 l 1 ' I11 lg" (If ilw , "per-[ortress for llru

lite IirsLlime.

9



T'lw Thirteenth supported the aipan oper-

alioll by clIrryiog Ollt 11 series of str ikes aguinst ,

Truk Dud Yap, From 2 May until 19 June,

the main blow [ell on 'l'I'uk. pr incipally nu tlio

Dublon supply Il,ul bivouac Ill' as aml on tho air

lnstnllulions of Etou islllJ"L A lurgc Japanese

task r o r" " , e Ijmt'lted III 40 or more ships, WIS

s iglltcIl s ome di .tance Nort h of Y np on the 19tb

of the month, While It long range !lcrinl dueltook place between this task force nod our fast,

carrier task f o rc e , wh i ch WlS also su pp ortin g th e

nipsn oper ation, the Thirtceulh's L iberators

were directed 10 attack any Jnpanesc warships

i J,n t m ight seek luc i o r r efuge in Ynp Hnrbu r,

Flying 1,023 miles, further than t hey had ever

[Io wa b e [ ore , th o beavies WCI 'C over Yap on th

22d o f June in sea rch o f wa rships , F inding neue,

U 1 C Y cut loose their bombs over Yup airdrome.

The Japanese, aught eoruplctely by surprise,

lost 19 planes 011 the ground and, the runway WlS

thoroughly post-holed, ' £t ,e L ib er at or s made

[he long haul back t o YO]) .RCO day for the 11">'1, (j

days t pound till) a irdrome l ind U te t own , and

to round out the third series of attacks on the

Oarolines,

In till s ries of strik " again L Truk and D.P,

from" )[IlY until 2 June, the Thi rt een th Ai r

Foree dr opped more than J,600 tons of bombs,

This third s rie cost the JapllIlcsc nearly as

heavily in nirernft as did the first IlLLncks on

Truk , Liberotor gunners dllimecl 90 enemy

fighters ciestroyed, 1 probably destl'Oycd, and 19

dormogcd in aerial combat, while hombllrdiers

IICCOUllt"d for .2 1 nircratt of various Lypes de-

stroyed all the grcu nd a nd 15 damnged. The

Liberators did not escape un scnth d. Thirteen

Wet 10 t (U]d 100 Were dtullllged,

4, F r am I he 8 0 11 1 " Pa c if ic (6 8ou ! hWUI Pac i fi c

orea,-'i'fhile the bird eries of Ilttncks f 1" nin.s t

t he lUv liue s ,va unci r,vny, the mos fo.r-re:ching

ch,mges lo?k ~lllce in the commlltld re ln~iou5bjps

and omanlZ·" L ion of lhe ThirLeentb Ail' Force

!l~ce its nclivnLion, Th· n i l' f o r c~ was trnnsfcrred,

Lt l ~Ilne 1944, f ro m L ir e iurisdiction of the South

Pacif ic COmIDtlnder to thaL of the commander irJ

chief, Southwest J'Ilci6c nrC ll, It WQS "S'ligned tothe n wly ereflted Fur 'Ell t Ai r 1>'orces and pla cd

u l;d er U le ultimate Opertlli1nol conL,:ol o[ AlI~"dAir Forces, So u thwcst Pacinc llJell,

The Thir t~ellth Air Tn Ii Force Was <lj olved

on I.he " : ' I l l ! d0, c, and nil' f o rc e h e nd q ul lr tc rs

oblullled u ru nC d ll lL e o pe mL i< ll ll ll c oo H a] of i l : 3

heavy bombordment uniLll sLlltiolJ 'd in ! .heAdmi-

ralbies, Thus, the hc a lq unrto rs e onse rl 1. 0 he

purely ncimiuisLI'otivc, and, Ior tho first Lime III

its history, beCOJM operntional as well. OPOI'II-

tional control o r l hu ni l' f or ce s' medium bomLo l'S

IlJld fig iJto l' l! , however, d id not , come under I .he

' Ph ir te en th 1 I1 ll il 30 S ep tc tn h cr 1944; i lL t hi s L im !' ,

15 June, ii, pusserl (l'OIll C011WRSOLS to

OJ.LA IR MOR OLS, w ho ill tum WIlS under u hn

opera tional control of All ied Air Forces, Southwest'Pac if ic n rea , Bu t these were not the only changes.

The air force lost he Thir teenth ll,ir Depot Group,

which 'V!lS th only depot group it. posse ed, on

15 ,Tune J944, to Lbe Fur Eust Ail' ervice Com-

tnund. No longer did tho Thirteenbh, through

i ts ' I' hi rt een th A il ' ervi ce Command requi si ti on

t..c l aui cn l s uppl i es ,

5. NDemjooT,-CombllL cperutions continued

smoothly hroughout the period of kflllSiLie'ln,

Following !J Ie third s eries of attacks on the Car o-

lines, the Thirteenth turned its attention to [oem-

foor f or tL brief interlude, Witlet Nosmfoor's 3

major airfields in Al li ed hauds , a g re at er COllCCJl-

uutiou of bomber .ould be used in support of the

Philipp iue drive, und strutegic Jupanese oil re-

sourees in East Borneo could be brought within

runge of :8-24s,

After a number of bombings by the Fifth

Ail' Force to soften the target, the 'I'hirtesnth

t o ok 1 ) Il J 't ill 112-<lny assault on 30 J1He and 1July

dr opping 120 1 . 0 . . on Noernfoor, helping to

prepare the WIlJ [01 ' invasion. Allied amphibious

forces landed on L b C ' i sland 2 July to c lear the wily

for Lhe movement of Thirteentb Ail' Force to

Nocmfool' ill Sept~01bcl',

o . TIle G'arolines (eonlinl(ed),-Fono"~llg bho

aHllck ou NocmfoOI ' , Lhe hcn"i e s 'lguill COII(,lIntl'!l-

ted efforL Oil Yap , TI,lS fourth snl'ies of abtncl;s

011 the Cal'oi.inflli Wllll in SUPPO['t oI tho All iod

return bo GUD.ID 011 20 July and the jnyosion of

'rilljnn in the :M1lt'iOIlOS 3 d~ys lal;el', Begilln iugon 3 JUly .wr l cOllti1l1ting doily, c ;, <c cp t [ 01 ' 3 dILl 'S,

uLlt il 23 Ju ly, 3 51. ea l' ie s hiLYap 0iI' insblllatiolls

and Bupp l "I'M wiLh 543 Lons,

rip lies " 'iLl li ll 525 st.atute miles of Gunm and

30~ of P~IlU, BJ sucCessfully bombing tlle n,il'-

stl'Jp, wIllIe ul Ul(' (ll11e tim!' destrovin" SUppJHlS

OD Yllp, Lhe heavies could cui 1 of U~l'norm.ll

l'OUtes 01 supp] i f l 8 an d of 'Lil'craft botwecll GurLlJ l

n.l}~ PoJnu th ILt Lh e J ILpfUlesc needed lO support

UlI'Il' l l 'oops in Lh Marinnll.

The , Ja panese mo.de LL dctCl'fil.loed effol't, IQ

rlefend Yap, 'BeL'weenhom billb>St he y L . lb o re d long

!lnd hal 'l l to smooth lip<:I'IlL~redrunways, ]~ach

10

I.

o i n y , un L L l near I D C ! "m e l 0 1 t,he s o r i u s , Ili La 25 eager

In tI ' l I 'CClpt'OI'!! "'''1 '0 In t he a il ', During th 20-day

p erio d, t,h ~ 1I1\l'scol'lcd L lberato rs destroyed 45

enCJDlY£ighters,probllhly destroyed J 2 and dam-

ng"d 23. Four Libera tors \V l'C lost to o il' a nd

ground fire, w hile 77 suffered various d eg rees o f

dlUIJDgo'. ' 1 '1 1 0Yap seriea ended whnu tho Liberu-

t,OI'S y ie lded the t arget t o a ca rr ie r t ask for r. e,

The heavies stell k out again n,t Yap [rom 2 to

I 0 AlI~lIS~, to carry out u f i fLh series in th e C ar e-

] incs, cascading 250 lODS on the al rendy bat ter ed

island. Fol lowing the last steil., 011Yap, !tbe fligh

eehelona of both the Fifth and Three Hundred

and Se"~Jlth Bombardment Groups began leaving

Los Negros for a new bas e at Wllkde,. off the orth

Central ceast of Jew Guinea, to pla 'e them in 'l

betLcu' position to SllPPol'tthe invasions or the

Palau Is lands and MOl'oto . i , which wore to t.ake

place in Septemb I',

, SllPPOl'~ of the Palau Islands operation was

given priority, The Palaus were no longer tho

power ful base that they had been, Ilever tbeless

the Palaus ill enemy hands ens hi ru t ed a ser ious

thrtll1t to Allied in v asiou of the Philippines. The

PIlIILU Islands in Allied hands could serve as a

stepping stone to the Philippines, ns n base Ior

heavy bombers, nnd. as a strong .Allied naval bus!' ,

While the FiHl1 and Three Hundred aud

Seventh were on the move, the Eigbt Hundr d

and ixty-eighth "Snoopers" reached out more

than 1 ,100 mil es f rom Los Negrcs to hi.b Ibe Palaus

in nightly 2-plflne attacks. On 25 August, th~Liberators o.t "'Titkde wer e ready for operution ,

FI'Om 25 August to 5 nptombcr, the Wakde-bitsed

Liberators dropped 725 tons on til e Paluu Island

tw'ge t s (principa lly oil 'dJ'Ol llCS and dQrense iu-

stallo.Liou.s) in daylight ILt tncks .

ltlbe.rooptian WfiS ~ncollllt~I'Qd ou l,hc fu'St dar

0J11~, \\'hen Clwmy fighters succeeded i . l 1 downiug

1 L iberator ,\'hile losing 2 of their OWn numbel',

Ae], -nuk damnged apPI'Ox.irne.tcly 10 percent of

t,bB 37] Libel'ILtors mnkng tJhc nttllch, Some

Well'Cl dnmaged. by 11 ItC\\' type of she ll t hn L , ,~ -

plotlcd Iilld shoL ouL p h o sp hO l'O ll S s tl ' nm ll l' S ov I'

0. wide Itl"eo..

O n 6 S ep tcL ll b el' 0. cal'riel' t ,ask fOl'co moved ill

1{J clo tho finll! sof te ning up fot ' (J,c invD.si.oll on

1 5 S e pt C l1 1 b ll l' , .md tho Thi rt een th s l "i bm 'ator s

W~I'C r:elcns"d fol' 0IWI'll bions ngo.ills(' th~il' turgcts,

DW'ing the ent ire Curol incs cu.nlpa ig ll , J 'rom Lhe

firs!' mid on l'ruk 29 Murch 1944, through lh

lus t [ ai d Oil Pah tu ', 6 Sop tembe r 1944, t lt o Thi r-

Leenth A iT FO I' C l\ mined more lhlLtl 4, 00 tOilS of

high explosives OJ l T ruk, Woleni, Yap, the Palau

Island , and I csser tnrgets ill the Oarolines, in

more than 2,600 sorties. ViLo.! iDS allutions ill

Truk, Wolcru, and Ynp were left ItS l it tle more than

burned- out ruins , whil the Palnu Is lands, which

had been blasted by tit Fi fLh AU, Force as well

w o re r ip e for invasion.

The se Were no t bases to be yielded without a

s trugg le , Japan II antiaircraft gunners sent upcurtains of fink; more often lhlllJ not skilled

e ne my p ilo ts a ttacked the unescorted Liberators

with. machine- gun fire and with phcsphor cus

bomb. In aerial combat, Thirteenth Air Foree

Liberator gunners shot more than 250 enemy

fighters from t be a ro li na s' ski es , OJ} the g round,

70 planes of all L y pe s w e re destroyed,

7 , O p e r at io n o j 1 J .n it 8 remaini lng in I i/ II 80-ul l .

Pac-ifw,-Since late March when the heavies

began to str ike [ lew targets in the Carolines,

' I' hi rt e nLh A il ' Force f ight er s and medium bomb-

ers, logether with other Solomons-based Amed

plane , had continued to hit vi rt ua ll y the same

target thnt they had been hitting in January,

February, aud March,

The Rabaul airfields r emained a . pot en ti al

thrall t so long as the enemy retained tll will to

rapair them, Day ufter day, through April, May,

.1u ue, and into J uly, the fightor s I U I c I mediums

kepL these fie lds under a ttack to a ure their con-tinu dncu tr ar rt at iou, upply area s, an ti ai rc raf t,

and other insta llat ions in the Rabanl linn were

also hit, In the 4-mouth period, targets in the

Rabaul ar ea were hit with more than 2,960 Lon

by th mediums and fighter s, Liberator crews in

training with the Thirtnanth Bomber ommand

Training Center a-dded 302 Ion s to t he de s truc ti on

visited 011!ba R l lb ll ul a re a,

The R llblLw skies, oIlee Lhe scene of hitter

"erilL] engu.gemaut .s, were c lenr of enemy fig .l lters

!IS ou r fighters m ed iu m an d h en vy b om bC !l'S WClJt

nboub th" ir t ask o f dcs truc ti ou , COI l ent ro ti oos

o [ lick-lick, bowe"cr, reduced l 'lumericnlly f:rom th '

carlinI' period but still to be reckoned \ \" il h , r e-

mained in Hu! IIrea,

In ilhe Bougainville-Buka a reD ., ! ; he l ighters and

mediums dropped more thllu 1,050 tOllS of bombs

[rom Apr il through July, wilh Libemtor cr ews in

l rn in il lg l lc lding another 50 tOllS, Figbters (lC-

counled for more ~hnu 7.;0 ton, upply alld

pllrsonnel I11'MB w er e h O J' de s~ Jut wilh Bukn,

B o ni , ! IU d K ub ili a ir lie ld s T ceiving mjllor n tt . .l1-

lie:m.

By July, th o R llb uu l ILnd Bougnin'o ' i l l e -Buim

11



turgct bad reached the point of diminishing

returns. T he lighting day- o r the medium "TIel

fil';htt!rs in the clemons hnd coma to nn end, As

nmphibiou s forces went i nto San sapor on 30 July,

ground personnel of lbe medium and fighter

groups Were on their ,,'uy alit of the Solomons,

bound far Sansapor , T h" f ighters mal mediums

were not to's e action again until lht' end or

August,• H'esiem No» G'li7l,ea.- Thefinul operutiou of

tho New Guinea campaign WlS imp lemented on

30 July 1944, when the ixth Army went n here

near ape San apor in thu Vogelkop and all

j )f id ,l Iehurg and Amsterdam Isl and ucl jl 1c en t o ff

shore. The ommanding Ganoral of the 'I'hir-lCPJllh Fighter mmund, was designated com-

muuder of u newly created Thirteenth Air Tusk

Force which was the assault air force for this

operation. Thi force wa comprised of the

E ighteenth and Thr ee-hundred and For~y-s c\' -

enth Figl1tcr Groups , a lli rht of the Four-hun-

dred and .Nincteenth Night Fiahter quudron,

and the Forty- econd Medium Bombardment

Group,

By t he end of Augus t, both f igh t el ' g roup s we re

operational llt Lhenew bases of Middleburg Island

and another a irdrome OD the mainland, nnd by

14 September the medium bombers were ill

action, As s oon lIS tI,CSI' un it s moved into a ct ion

lbey II umed the mi ss ion o f suppor ti ng the F if th

.Ai l' Force in tJ,B Morotai opcrakion, scheduled

Ior 15 eptamber, by neutrnlizinz enemy air-

dromes in western New Guinea, cram, Boerce,Kll i, and Halmahoru Islands to furnish protect ion

to tho left flau k of the advance. 10 this mission

Iha Thirteenth Ai r Task Force was aided by h"

Fifth and Three Hundred lind evsnth Heo.vy

Bomb G!'OIIPS based nt Wllkde !lod No c l1lfoor

bcgiWlil'lg 7 September 1I0d onlilllling UJIW tbe

22d wben they co~nm,,"l1cedpreparat ion to mnke

t1 8mie of "1l11-out" strikes against s t.mLe.gic

pei:J 'Oleum torgets in easL Bomeo" The unit of

l he Thi rt e n th Ai r Tu"k FOI''e "ouLi r ll l ll t l t i l u'mi _sion againsL enemy aircirOrtll'S, anci as these lnrgcLs

beClune nCl Itml iz ed sbHLed l llCi r o ff en sive to

bipping in the BlIlldu cmm-N[o]ul'cn-Hlllmo.h ..r..'eo a l' el l ,

9, Balikpapu/l.-In 0. l'ellLtively "mall aL"lU neill'

Bnli kjllLpUll, D IIt el l Bo rl1eo , 11Igl! ind uskiu] i1-

sllllllltion for ref 1nillg crude oil with a Y('lLl'ly

"Il.p'l'ity f 7 million barrel Were located, U was

II r'bid SOLlreeof J'\!lll.l1es~ Il.vio.tioll higb-ol:bmeI('osol il ll l aud lubricanLs, AJso as 0. di.meL result

of the hatH'Y toll exacted from nemy shipping

durn g Lh pasl, 6months this area had become IUL

Impo rtnn t "bo rage cent er fOL' aviation gasoline

find essential misce llaneous byproducts. 'It WIS

of great , importance l,bllt. t hi s high ly s tr at eg ie

Lnr'gt't be reduced bC£or the beginning of LIl'Philippine ~nmpaigll,

The Th'irte nth Air For '0 was assigned the

to , k of destrucbion of this to,"geL, Aid d by

Fifth Ail, Force heavies , ~ha henvies of the Fifth

and Three Hundred and eventh Bombardment

GI 'OUpS ran 0, ser ies of Iivo major sb'ikes ngltin,St

l<lLisarge t during the period of 30 Se:ptcmbcl' to

18 October 19~~.

Planning for these strikes posed a ticklish

p robl em . Th~ d is ta uce from U'e point of take-off

(Noemfoor) to the tnl'get urea is roughly 1,080

nautical miles, Such a distance had never been

60,vl] by B-24' s Oil a combat mi ion ill this

lheatcr, Considered by itsclf ilie length of

fug'b t was not lin obstacle, but it became one if 11

bomb load of 2,500 pounds or more was to be

carried, Furthermore, enemy inter ieptors WIl"C

to be expected not only over the target but Irom

some poin t nC1l1 ' the Celebes, sevsral hundred miles

fromvth object ive, which involved the problem

of 'veigM of adequate gunnery ummuuibion.

Decision was mnda to fuel each aircraft with

:3,590 gal lons of gasol ine, load witl, 2,500 pounds

o f bombs and 60 percen t normal ammuni ti on .

Tll is resul ted in an a vera ge gross weight of6 ,000 pounds,

'rile fir t 2 stri l{c on 30 September and 3 0 'Lo-

ber were unes corted. Enemy Tes istllnce was ng-

gressive sud prolonged with hom 35 to 70 enemy

fight rs rising to intercept til r ai ds in running

bUl li es l as ti ng 45 minut e L O!lD l,O U", While

bombillg resul ts were "xceJle .l lt , the st, l' ikes W(u'e

costly, since 4 B-24's were lost on tl.e fu'S~ mj s,

i on and 7 ou fhe econd. Of till e, 5 wer lostrille Loeuemy ni['(;rnft lind 3 t.oheo.v,1, inteose, and

fiCCUl1l Lc fll1 t i ! li rc ruft l ire, wllHe 3 ,verc lost d lle to 11

combiulltioll of eJ1emy aircraft Il ll d A n t;iail'crnn firo,

lIch 10 S nee ssitll~e(L J : i g h LeI ' escort which in-

vo l v~d Il lligh' of 2,000 stu~u to miles, bu t ill spite

of lhis problem, t ile r"mrul1ing 3 str ikes w rc coy-

ilI'cd by ThirtceJ.Llr Imil FiIth !Ii.' force figMGl'S

operllting fl'QITl al.SllpOI' find IMol'otai, witbout

[ I II 'LI, ""r 10 10 Lhe II 'ary bl>mh~I'S 8mi willI ";\,:,,t,l-

lent bombing r e sl ,t lt s , Th i "rLc le J luhAu 'Fol 'c e fight('l's

nc 'oullled lor 2 enemy lighter desbrOYl'CI,1 rJTob-

a"bIy 01s L I 'oym! und 1 dtlmngcd , ']'1. 'J ' ~eenul r A iI'Foj'c~ bumber'S shot <lown 30 Iightnrs, got (i prO!)-

12

abl es and damaged 3 . In l ir e o fl 'oc ti ve reduct ion

of this import ant L llrge!., the Thir teenth put 209

heavy bombers Over rbe Lnrgct to drop" total of

262 ton of bombs ,

V. PHILIPPINE AND BORNEO CAMPAIGNS

I . 811 '1 ' '[10 '1 ' 1o] Le)f/e a r id l I 'f il l d or o lla-mpfl;[}M,-

On 20 October, Sixlh AI'HlYlanded OJ) t,he guud,)'

beaches or Leytc, Illld t he campaign for tJ J s liber-

ation of the Philippines began, Tile Tbirte nth

g n v e support to th e Fifth Ai r Force \I ith tile pri-

I1I1UY mission of sLrilcing lnr}<ital'gets ill" tbr Phi l-

ippine A.l'cbipe1I1go, reaching n r n r north AS

Manila. The familia.' doctrine of denying the

enemy his air P O " ' 0 1 1 : by neutrnl izut icn of nosti le

airfields WI)S continued. Two days after the land-

ings on Leytc, Thitleenth Liberators ! lew til ir

first, strike in support of ground action on Leyte,

bjttiJlg Lahug Airdrome 011 Oebu Island, Dur ing

LIc month of November, Thirteenth heavies

pound ad enemy airdromes in the Central Phi lip-

pine islanda ,hi tt ing insta ll a tious a t Negl'os, Cebu,

M actan, and Palawan.

The Liberators of th Thirteonth, which flew

lh<li rearly str ikes into the central Phi lippines, were

based a t Ncemfoor , a lt hough they s ta ged through

Morotai to hit t hei r d i t un t obj ec ti ves , Mission s

I rom Noemfoor nnd Morot ai we re long and, 11I 'du-

nus, With sti ll longer onas in view, sueh ItS strikes

to the Man il a IL a, the entir Bomber ommand

moved in early November, to }.:[orotui ",he"e they

were joined by tho Eighteenth .Fight< lr Group

from Sansapor,

Flying COVel' Ior the Liberators, !IS well a flying

sepamte swecps OVCl' tIIO Phi li pp ines , t hu P-3

pilots of LllcEiglrteeuth. Group fol ' the first t im~ in

months Ionnd JllpllnCse fighter planes ill the skies.

Th Japane se we re us ing Ormoc on Ley to's ",est

OO fl st f iS Ih ,e U ' m u.l n p OI· t of supply to reinforce

t.heil' tl'OOPS on Lcy te. Dur ing NOI'L\ Il lbc l' Hur l

Dec.·mber, the P- 3 '5 stl 'U 'k hal 'd , 1 . t Japanese

shippiug in Ormoc Bny Imi l Bur t' oundulg wn t· rs ,

siuktl1g \,IXlop-l!\d"n trmlSpol'ts aud ~seol't wlu",,hi ps

by low-level bombing 11I1dStrllfulg ulltl.ck.,IJl tho

month o( Novembllr nI01.o, app['OXillllltely 20 ,200

tons o f J ll pn rt 080 shipp il lg were e it her sul li , 0,'

damnged by '1'hirtooot11 bombers lIl ld l ighters i l,

Iilie Philippine Ilnd Dutoh ILldi s wat"rs ,

' I' he g rouud WlLl'il\ th Philippi'l1(>s quickened

IV ith tb u IIlll cling on Mindoro lsi!Iud, I5 D 1'('0IIIbill',

D1I1' il lgDecember, Thirteonth Air Force nwt lJlO

Pn 'eby dropping the greatest lonJlng" ofl>,xplosives

to dat il (~,857 ton") , I l.nt lby flying "J'ct:onl numb~r

of s t,l 'i lm sor ti es (3, 767 sor ti es ), ' I' he mos t " it ,vl

t ll rge t b iL i ll suppo rt o f till' ~lilldo."O laodillg \\'''8

uir inatallution aL Puivto Prince s, Palnwnn,

which WISth connecting link between Jupnuesc

airpower ill Borueo lind "\sia and II I th c •antral

Phi li pp ine" , t ri ke s by Liberator s and Lightning s

of t im Thirteenth against Palawan again made it

impossibl lor en 'my aircraft, based in the KeLhcr-

lauds En L Indio and outheastam Asiu t o r ein-

force tho dec lining Japanese nio·strel lg th ill the

Philippines.

2. Reduaio» of 1U!mybases 0011 { 'i Lu t in g t h re a t t o

1110rotai .-PrcLlminlt ry blows, in cpLCJIlIJer , by

B-24' s of t he F il th and ' rJul 'l .e en ll i h ad be en con-

centrated on airdrome and supply areas in the

Halmahera-Cel bes area. ' I'h j ob o f keeping a ir -

strips in this area neutralized, whilath heavies

shifted to Philippine targets, wa given to the

Forty- econd M ilium Bomb Jl'OUp IImL the

E ighteenth aud Three Hundr ed Forty-seventh

Fighter GI'OUpS o f the Thi rt eenth A ir ' I' ask Force .

Flying from t,heir ansapor bases, the B --25' and

P-3 ' struck continuully lit enemy airdrome and

military instu llat ioua in the CeI1LDI-Amhon, Boe-

me, Hnlmaheru, nne!Celebes Island , fire-bombing

SUI ply areas, knocking out core of enem C p180~s

on Ie gmund, find keeping runways unserviceable

by cont inua l bomb ings , By denying t il e Japanese

use of the ir N"t]wdonds Indi . .s airsteips, th y were

prevented Erom replenishing the ir dwindling Phil-

i pp ine a ir powe r by fer ry iug; p laue through f rom

the Ind ies and AsinL lc base ,

The Sanspor fore"" however, wn n t suff · ieut

t.o lI cu tl 'l lL iz o c om ple te ly ..llof the l li di l! buses

from which Ie cnemy was si'eg io lg uight bombing

"l1ids 011 Morol ,o i; t Ju, r" ro l' e, t he N ip forced th"

' l' hi rt c~nt J. Lo «i ,' cr t ol lc as ional ly its hellVY

bOIl1bpI'S [1'001 tJIl' Philippines to the Celelles

!I1Hl Moluccas ill ord I' t o obvio. te t he !JJJ'N,L to

II", hOIll~ bnse ill~[ol'Otoi, By tl . .. end of 1944,

Jnp,uw e bas~ had been I'edu~ed to SIl'It Iln "'''-t.·11t thllt th ij ~nemy rou ld 110 long r In unch

err('el h ,c . .ai ds ngninsL ~[oro(<1L

;3, ~a sel lre ll and ullti-,hippi"!1 operatiol/s,-

In ~ddit,ioll to hitting hmd target ill the K ethcr-

lands Indi"". fighters, nwdiums, ul1flhc!)'yies swept

t h . . wahUl of }'{"kl1SSll '· Sll 'a it nnd tilt.. Bnmlu,

('r>ltn, },Iolucc,u, lind 'uln SellS 0 11 s hi pp in g

s('n'l 'chcs, f"tOm 'cptelllhcr 1944 UlJ'ough Ft'brllllry

13



[945. The lauding. ou Lcyte and later on Min-

doro sliced 1l.IP Japanese Phi lippine Empire in two.

ommunicnticns, however, between the bypnssed

troops in the Nctherlan Is Ir idic were still pos-

sible. Itw a s f ou nd tho.l the enem y w as attempt-

ing both to supply tho Indie by moll ships and

(0 vacunt high-ranking personnel and speciul ist

troops with the scores of luggers, barges, sailboats,

and occa-ionlllly small Ireighters.

Planes of the Tllirt~ellth .ttir 'I'ask Force con-

centrated their attacks 011 these "mall Jupanese

ship dming Oc tober aud Novcmber , a nd b las te d

them I rom the sea s, P ri or to Decembe r 1944, tho

" nooper s" o f the EigM Hundred and ixty-eightl ;

Bombardm nt quad ron (H) had been a ss igned

the task of c41:uying out shipping searches along

the Borneo can ts, The B-24's operat d as

s ing le sea rch raider s, f er r ti ng out enemy radar

stutdons, searching for shipping, and bornbing

targets n~ nigJlt by s pecial radar bombsights .

"Whan searche s were negat iv e, t he "Snoopers"

dropped their bombs on northenst Borneo oil

targets. By the end of the 'year, enemy ship-

ping in the Ambon-Cemm-Celebes I1I'W has di s-

appeared.

4. Neuiraliuuion oj Lutony.-Th" "'lloopm-s"

shifted their sight illDeoembe-; they turned from

h ipping t arget s t o ccuc cmrat e on the Lutong o il

installations in BOL11~o. With Balikpapan neu-

tralixed, the ,Jllplll'' ' ' 'C routed their sl:ipping around

B runei Buy in northwes tern Borneo to load oil

f rom the Lutong ref in er ies n . t • arawuk, which

wen' second only to Bnlikpapan li s tL source of

pl't;oleum_ The tas k of sealing off Lutong was

ass igned to the" nocps rs" of the Eight H undrod

and ixty-aighth Bomb Squadron. In It aeries of

daring raids, LuLong was so elre'lively neutralized

1hat ~hBl"oB.ner Lit tle enemy hipping w as found

currYing oil north from Uameo.

? Sea blockatfe.-Dllring t he Phi ji pp ine co .m-

plIIgn, ? lockadc of the Sulu ea by sq undroLlB of~e .Thl l' te en th wa s second in impo rl ance ouly to

hlbtJng laud targets in the Philippines. In the

w~ BglUnsL J!lpatlcs' ""vaL power, ThirteenthLib ralors Wll'" able OD 2 differ nL 0' ' asions to

bring mt,jor units of lhe JILpl1nCSel lcc t uoder

a tt llck . On_Octob.cr 26, Ii daya a[Ler Lhe landingon Leyle, 21 heavlOS of t he Thr~e Hund red I1nd

ev en lll B om blU 'd mcn ~ G ro up Look o lf from

~oemCoor Lo Lrike a t a .Japanese u"voJ task fOl"e

111 th u S uI u ~fi. Twelve s1>ps were B ighted; a ll

~'ere D.fival vesse ls, 3 of wbich were bELlLlesbips.

rh Lib rutO I'8 hOl! IL bllLLleship of tll Kongo

class and a battleship of tho Yamato class noS

lhcir larget. Swinging into 11 wnll of in t en se

IlllLiair-crnft fire, the B-U's made lheir runs 011

t he t arget s. Bombs brucke ted both bn, tl leshi ,, "

While t ho ship" engaged in v iol ent e va siva ma ll -

I'HVeI'S. Direct, hits w ert' sc or e d on b ol I I Iwa".!,

vesse ls, Til ;s 'I'I1S the Iil -st t ime in til, Sou l .hwos l ,

Pacific t l. umt el · UH l ~ houvy-bomhnrdmeut squad-rons hod taken under atb,ck major unit" of (he

enemy ba tLI" l leo t d ep loyed in bnt tl e Iormn tion ,

On Lhe same day, 19 Liberators of the Fifth

Group attacked 11 Kunllt- a tori c lass cruiser ill

the ulu Soo. Four direct hits , , 'C1"o scored,sinking the enemy ship,

The. Fiftb and TIll"" Hundred and S'venLh

Groups teamed up again, ou 16 N ovemhsr, to

attaek another major Japanese ta k fOl'ce lit

Brunei BtL,}',BOI'IlCO. Thi s fnrce con si st ed of J tnavnl ships including 3 ba tt le sh ips f ind 2 heavy

CI"U18ers . III spite of heavy dUlll.lIgc d on to the

Liberatora by ~ h( l i n t e ns e a ll ~i fi ir cr uJ t b ,l I" l" fI ge

sent up hy t he ships , n he avy CI ' !l iSQI' 1 '1115sunk,

and It heavy cruiser WlS damaged, while /lil 'eet

bits were made ou n babtleahip,

6. 8u(JIp()rt oj LU20fl .ampaigll.-By the end of

1944, Japan se tLirpo vel' in the central Philippines

had been crushed. In JIU,UIUY 1945, a Iruge

American tusk force steam d toward Linfl 'lIycn

Gulf to es tablis h [lie first beuohbead on Luzon.

Hen vies of ~ho Thirteen til gmet<)d Uw ,1('\\' y~QT

by s tr ik ing into tho lHlll'L of the Manila d · rco ive

ring. Niehols and ielson fields wore heavily

b las ted , dur ing the fit'St week of Janu ary, with

Iragmentntion bombs to knock ouL grounded

""()II1Yplanes and to destroy main teuaneu fac il i-

L ie s. Af te r t he T. .ngaycn landing 011 9 -Ianuury,

Thi rt eenth L iberator s shi ft ed thei r t arget s t o Jap -

unese troop bi0 U IIC area S near M nnilll. ,tl' ikC' sof the Thi,.teenth in tlle Manija urca cfl',tively

l1ided il l 1}RI'aly"in~ the movement of enemy roin-

fOl'cem,eIILs, !Vbiol tweI's to be sen r. Ilgall1St Arnel';-e{jn gl"Olmd Iorces spe ding towlll'd tho c ity { ,. om

UIC nOl·Ul.

Ligh tn ing s o f l il " EigbteorlLh roup londed ILt

Lingayen, 011 16 ,January. T il e E igh tcenLh WIIS

Lhe first AmoriCl l .t I JighLoJ'group t o l und 0"0 Luzon

s inc e the fal l of B(l tuan. . Operat ing t cmpo . .n .l "i ly

under Lba conbl"Ol of tlJc Firth Ai,. Fo rc e, t he

EighLeenth Group slruck hn.mmcr-liko blows

agains t tb enomy by d ive bombing and SL,·o.flJlg

his bivoun.c und supply [.teall, his Ll"ansporLution

faciliLics, tw d his bOI'ges which were ""denvoring

to r infor' south.'rQ Luzon by sen.

14

Toward the end oCJanua ry tho he av i s bombed

the Cavite 1l1J.V.t l ba and historic Corregidor iu

Munilu Buy. H was ueCCSSIlI".Y to neutralize these

insta llat ious, which had been destroyed i ll D CIllO-

be r 194J lind Janunry 1942 and rebuilt by the

Jnpnnese in the months that followed, beforu

Manila Bay .ouid serve .1S . . useful harbor for

A ll ied shipping. Amer ic an ground troop ent ered

Munila on 4 February to Lake the eil!}' (,hat

Amoricun tr oop had been forced to evacuate 3

years before. The Liberatinn of Manila, bow-

ever, did not mark the end of the Philippine

campaigu ; it was merely the complet ion ofa phase .

7. Air Msau/' fOfce- Vis(JfJjan and lllHrulanao

campai!J1i8.-Thc Thirteenth was now ready to

suppor t t he E ighth Army usa ssau lt n ir force in itscampaigns to liberate the bypassed Islands of the

central and southem Philippines.

1'bo M."~objective in bhe Philippines was

Palawan. AIt!l ,l ' ILheavy pounding by Thirteenth

Ail ' Force planes, Pulawnn was quickly secured by

troops of the Eightb, AI'my on 28 February. Til

Thirteenth th(lJl t urned to furnish air support fOI'

the Iibera t ion of Znmboanga 011 tha southwesterntip o[ Mindanno. Enemy fortifications, gun em-

placements, barraeks aud supply and ammunition

dumps were destroyed. Elc rneu ts o f th e E ighth

Army lauded OIl Mindanao on 10 M a,reh and

quickly captured Zamboanga, The island of

Sang .. Sauga in t he Tawi Tawi g roup wae sei zed

soon e (t er for t he purpo se oC e st ab li sh ing an ni r-

strip there to protect our southern Aallk, and in

order to provide an advance base from which to

Lrike Borneo,

With bile. cauter of fU l li v it y s h i rt i J )g to the south-

ern Phi lippines and Borneo, the Fighter Commaod

and th Three Hundred and Forty-seventh

Fighter Grou]>, l og - et hm ' w i th tho med.i_u.m bombers

of t he ForLy -s e cond , shifted the hub of tbe;I' neLivi-

Lies to Pnlawan immediMely follO\ving tbe laudinga t Lhe. end o f Fobl "U ll ry. ' I' he E ight een th Group

returned to the opel' ll tionn. l conb'ol of the Thi .r-

teen t il Air Force; and aft-cr a brillf poriort of

ILct;vit-y n.t MindoJ'o moyed La Zam hoang-fl,

M indanao. Fm l11 these stl'll l e gi c al ly ~onun l1nd ing

]Josibioos I1t ZlImbolUlg!1, ol ld Pn.luwan, ! .he 6g1 l te l -s

and III cHums wel"eprepnred Lastrike liS ni le -ory

o .t targets ill tLe contral aod southem islands o[

tllll PhillppiJle A.rclliPIlI<1go in sup]Jorh 0 f [,he

Eighth Army.

Vvith th passolg of peak OPOrn.hOI1S and wi thUte decline ill t he ai .l ·Wll' i" UtO Pb.ilippinl'S,

clllll1ges i ll the dcpJoYnl~I1L o r he ll v ) ' groups took

place within the Thirteenth Ai r Force, 'rha

Filth GI"OU)}moved Irom.More tui in the );foluccas

to Samar in th Philippines in March, whil the

Three Hundred and Seventh Group r emained at

Morctai, Both heavy groups, however, flew

against targets on Mindaneo in Mnreb. Wi h il

mission in Mindanao completed by the end of

March, the Three Hundred and Sev nth Group

turned to i ts next assignment; to soften up ar-

gets in Borneo prior to invasion by the Australian

Imperial Forces.

The Thi rt eenth p rovided uir suppor t [or thJl

Eigh tb Army land lngs wh ich took plnce in quick

success ion on Panny, Negro, Cebu and on many

sma ll er is lands in the Vi sl lYIUl g roup. By the

17th o f A pril , th e only major centers of Japanese

r es is ta nc e r em ai ni ng in th Phi lippines within

r ange o f the Thi rt een th Ai t Force we re on Minda-

11110. Initial landings on Mindanan were made

in the Ootobeto-Malabeng-Parang ar ea. With

th e c lose o fMay, t he E ighth .Army hod t aken the

k<\y tOWI1 of Davao and landed at vital po in t- on

Mindauao's north and "'est coasts . Marine air

uni ts consist ing oftwo fighter groups and one divebomb group operat ed under th Thir toonth f rom

bases I J . t Zambcanga and Malabnng and provided

a l arge share of dose a ir suppo rt in the Mindanao

campaign.

During the entire VisaYIl-Mindlrnao Oampaign,

t he Thi rt eenth served a s_ il l A ssaul t Fo rc e in up -

port of J 5 amphibious Iandings. ' I'he Thirteeuth

prov ided the p re -as . .ult softening up, COVet for

naval COlWOYS, close SUppOI- t for tIl ground Iorce

on the beachheads and a .bey fought their ' V I 1 Y

inland, nud battle area fighter cover.

• BIJ1'n60,-M the requirsm 'nt for strong air

power in the Philippines diminished toward the

c lose of tbe Miniltmoo Cnmpaign, the Thirteenth

tUl"Llod to il .oe.,1; major task; support of the

AUstl1l lian IJuperial Forces and the Royal Aus-t ru li l1 ll A ir Force in thl l BOI 'QeoCampa ign . In

tho period April -JuJy 1945, major amphibious

IU'nclings we." mado nL Tarnknn in northeas t

Born 0, Brune i Boy in l10l"thwest Born 0, and

Bal ik a. papal \ i n e as l Borneo . S ince th.. obj ective

u-rcn loy hU'gcly beyond ~Ile rango o[ aircran of

the Royal Austmlian Air Force, the Losk of f ur-

I llsh ing l li r support fel l to Ut e TLirteenLh. Ulil-

izing f ighters bn ad ot Pll law.m, Za1l1boouga , anc i

anga , o .nga, me,Liums a t Paln\ \, t1u , l ind h av ie

at Samar aJld l\foroLIli, t he Thi rt een th f lew p l" f' -

8.ssault oftllIling-up stl"ik , ()() Cl"cd UUlUerou.

convoys in th· Soulh lIinn, ,"\l11l auo! ~lt.h

15



SCII<lIud bat tl" l ima fighter cover nt the obiocuvo

areas, and provided do (' SUPPOT for t he g roundlcrccs.

In Lbe Bal ikp il p.U1 op rat ion , two thing s we re

not ewor thy : oue, t ho B-25' s of t he For ty- second

Bombardmen t G roup operat ed over the Obje 'tivl'

aren lor a period of I I l110ulh UUIU Puerto Princessa,

Paluwau, ;40 nautical miles dis tant from Balik-

papan carrying an average bomb load of 2,000pounds; two, Morotai based B -24's were us ed as

a ir a le rt c lose suppOrt-an l l' ll lo"lLt io ll fOI~hCII\ 'Y

bombordnumL This was neccessitated by the

f il et t hat t he Turukan str ip was not opera tiolU11 as

planned and lhenearest I lv ll ilo.ble medium bomber

opera ional str ip Wll too distanl to permit B-25

a ircraft lo remain over the t ,a .rge t a reas asrequired .

In s upport. of the Au tt'oilians in tbese thr ee

operat ions , t hn Thi rt eenth f lew II. total of 5,052

sor ti es and d ropped 7 ,225 ton s o f bombs.

9. Long-rangs ftying.-ln lhe period of the

Borneo ei1mpa.ign dUring times of light opru-aliollll,

t he Thi rt eenth ex te nded its triking power to

include d. i taut t&rgel in Malaya, Indocb ina, a nd

bina coast and In,(L These flights eclips&d Yen

the e ar li er r eco rd -b renking Bal jj .p lLpan i li gh ts

from r oemfoor. Three PII]"~iClllll.r1y noteworthyJ]Jgbt- are cited as eXllJlJples.

Ten B-24 " Mopers" of the Eigbt-sL'l:ty-eigbtb

Bomb qnadron struck oru-llbajlL, JI1Yl., on 7

May, flying 11 t ot al d i tnnca o f 2 ,. 660 s ta tut e mil es ,

one of the longest flights ver Illude by B-24

aircrajt, ill combat for ll llLt ion. Thi s H igl lt b roke

t he previ ou r econl o f Lbe Thil"teel lth, whieh had

b I.U1 made in the strike against BIl[ikpupun,

Borneo. even" noopers" shattered theil" 0\1'1'

record soon after by flying Il. trika aguinet, Batavia,

Java; 011 3 June 1945, lIJ if Il IV 1 how'S 40

minutes from Pala"'all to Biltavia and return to

COver a di tance of over 3,000 statute miles. A

1 I 1 C I L S U J " e of success was acl lieved ill both t c i k

against Java; iu each CIl1!C, t h Japo.oe e we ra t aken

by sU"prise nnd shipping in Iihc harbors was lefteither unk Or clamnged.

P- 3 's of th Three IIundrecl and Forty- eventh

Fighler GI"{)UP 01125 July p~ rformed one of the

longest flights ever flown by fighter o.ircrllft.

Esco rt ing photo recouua issauoe p lnne s to S inga-

pore, e ight P-38's f lew from Palawan to Singfl;POI'Oto LabUllli in northwest Borneo, t l' lLYe]jug II. dis-

t anc e o f approx imately 2 ,100 s ta tut e mil es .

10. "TAs ci08e of t l16 'l/J(l.r.-By the end of July

J 945 , Lhe Til ir te eu th A ir Force W8S beginning to

move to Okinawa; II I fnot" one of its bombal'dmenLsquadr ons was establishing its position in the

Japanes e island to init,il1ti! t he next ma jo r' pha se .

The Eight Hundred and Sixty-eighth Bomb

Squadron speo.rbeacled the movement to Ol<:illl1w",;

b~' 8 August, ale "Snooper s" w re f lying s tr ik es

from Tonton airfield, Okinawa, From t,his bas e,

th Thirteenth Air Force made its most lJortJlcl'ly

penetration of the disintegra.bing Japanese Elllpira."Snoopers" on ar1Iled shipping searches, harassing

mi ions, and weather reconnaissance ftights flell'

as far as Genzan in Korea and carried out 0. heck-

l ing mission over Japan 's Kyllabu Island.

The clos e ground SUPP0l't given the E ighth

Army by hhe a ir force in the Philippillcs was

excellent tr lLining for the types of mis sions that

t he Thi rtMn .th t l. 'J le ct ed to f ly in the f ina l s tagesof the \VIII". In August 1945, at the time the

Jupn.nese l lgreed to surrender ' under the Pol :s.d lLIIJ

Lerms, plans had been formed fOI" IL great amphihi;ous operabion which would land the Sixth and

Ten th Armie On the Japanese home island of

Kyushu sometime in ovember, Thiroolll1tl,

bombers and figh erg were to o~e"ate Irom Kyushu

as soon uCtOI ' D-duy ns I li rf iel dscou ld bn bui l] , bythe cmginccrs.

'l'he Tlr irteellt-h was to be rcol"ganiged ns II

ta tical ail" force with L\VO t IL .L ie",1 air commands

opamting undar it and 'vas to be incr ellSed ill size

almo t fourfold by Juno of 1946. Units were to

be equ ipped wi th the In tes t. f gh te rs, s bm f e r s

(mcdiumhornb rs) and haavies whi h were to

epearhcnd attacks against the JaJ)all.ose fl'OD)

bases on Lbeir own homelund. The Thil"teenth

wns preparing ~o aid in Lilli final delLth-dealing

blows against, the nips when the atom bomb and

RllSsiall ellLry i nt o the W!l.I· precipituted Jl1p",nesesurrender.

16

8UAt.I

'0

/1



CHART

N A

D

e '0

C H

THIRTEENTH AIR FORCE

AREA OF OPERATIONS DURINGWORLDWAR]I

. ".:;Oi\IIII.MI:tII.

,"

~ ~ S I: 110

Q.• ••••• 11IIRTUIITlt A~U. Of D"'~ATIOII 'BOUIIO.RfI

TltIR"'~1ITH .I.. R fO~Ct _U

AIR BASES OF. THIRTEENTH A/F AND OF THE ENEMY

EII["Y A I! . ... . E.

BURMAIIOT£' 8E(lAUBE 0' THE L,ut;1: IIUMIER Off ~"PIY AI~ IASn

.N TIl! AM.II 0 10 L V T ~ II.'.JO!I _ .. ' AlII: SHOW! I &V . . .. . .. E \

.LL DTHt::RS AR E ,INOIC,ATIlD B Y $,VMeOLDilLY (.). $OM[ UII,Il'$ • _O F T HE T lII RT ff 1f T H, PARnCIPATEO WITH T I t , I i : FIFT11 A, F III ATTAC:XS

A S F A It I IO R TH A$ I(YUIHU .ut0 II......

i:lSA1P!IIH

~·TIJiIIIAH

~AOT"

d , \ J I , , , 1 I ! .~.~

, -"...&'~~r .~.~~.E~

~I" •

AUSTRA

.,., .,

10UJJ3 0 - 16 'IF':I<. p. IS) 1<0. I



G H I N A

:BURMA

$()IJRC(,P/lIHCIPlltAMe' 511"""RICS. IJIO AF.o PRtIPA'IIro _ r t~lh IIW '\,

c

THI'R TEENTH AIR FORCE

TO NNAG E O F B OMB S DRO PPED

'PR IN CIPA L lA RG E T A REA S

JAN 1319431li.RU V-J DAY

. . LW 'O

,ROUTE TRAVELLED

BY HE.AD QUARTERS

II- 12,000 TONS

7 - 8,500 TONS

3· 4,,000 TON 5

2,S 00 TONS

UNDER 1, 000 TONS

TONNAGE OROPPEiOIlu~ OiN,SIUPP ING

, . . - - - - - . . . . . . .I.~.-

WOI.:i,&'1

, I



CHART III

THIRTEENTH AI R FOR.CE

DESTRUCTION OF ENEMY SHIPPING

7 DEC 1941 2 SEP 1945

~ D" .. ACU::tI

W II P .Q , " ' L Y ' " " ", .u . .

-+ 7 .. 1M' . .. .. I ii ..-J

: l 1 l i . • ;1 . ... ; " '-iU ..



CHART IV

THIRTEENTH FORCEIR

usa ENEMY Ale COMBAT LOSSES

13 JAN 1943 - 31 AUG 1945

Al e r - - - r - - - r - - - ~ - - ~ - - ' - - - ' - - - ' - - - ' - - - ' - -- - r - - - r - - - r - - - r - - - r - - - r - - - r - - - r - - - r - - - r - - - r- - - ; - - - ; - - - r - - - r - - - r - - - r - - - r - - ~ - - - r - - _ r - - - r- - ~

• • LEGENO

~ U, Ae

• • E]t£K1 Ale

T .

.. U I L.Otta · ALALC.I OUII: '0Ull'" f t/ C , .. . &J&,

I .. .. . LOn.! • i l:G IFJ. II II I C. I IIY . ..~.I:I III AJ!IIIOU"nll i i i , LOU ... III••• '&~&T .. tL:;rc.

" . Y ; - ! dI 1," - II I-U 11: it



CHART V

T H IRT EENTH AIR FORCE

us A I C a OPERATIONALOSSES - COMBAT

13 JAN [943 - 31 AUG [945

LEGEND

• •

TGTAL..!

" " • , ,I I ,01

· , • , .I • n · , ,. , • • , , , ,

1, ,. • • · I

"1~TEfl:1COIIIIUT 0

I • • • · · ii'

• . . • • • • • • · · , • I I I II " • , , •PSI.IJlON.AL · •,

I • • • , • • • . .,""'r · • • • . I • ,

I,

I I • • 0 • 0 · " ", I

· ,.0lIEAVY • · • •00001Eft. , , 0

"0

, ,I • • , I • • • • • • , • , • • • . .-- ,

· , • • •• · I • • • , , 0, , ·E:DIUIII COW.ItT • • • • • 0 • • • I , • • • • , ,

", • • 0 · I , 0 , · I •'(II1II11:".5 _ICIW. • , • I, • • • • • • • •

, . , • · I . . .I

, · '"f • • • , . . · T . . 0 ' . I · "

II II, II • • . . .- • • • , • · " ,. 0 I

"T " " " " ' .O "' . Lo S

_ T . . . . . .• • · I •• , , , • • , •

" " . . 10 I. , . • • . . II ". . · 41_0

TOTA\. I • • • . . . ."

, . , . • II • " "10 , . . . .

IOV·, ca , 1 .11Ii,. 1.1.1I.UI..";111 IllI:vlCl'l IC'TIOIII

704213 0 - (6 (F••• p. II) " ... ~



APPENDICES

CHARTS

HART I.Area of operations during World

War II.

I I. Tonnage of bombs dropped, principaltarget areas.

m. Destruction of enemy shipping,IV. United States and Mcm y aircraft

combat losses.

V. United States airoraft losses, combatand operational.

TABLES

TABLE I.Operational statistics.

I I. United States aircraf t s tati st ics,

III. Combat crew statistics.

IV: Distribution of bomb tounage by

type target,

V. Bomb bonnage by type tllI'get by

type bomb.

VI. Special low altitude bomber sta-

bistics.VII. Photo reconnaissance statisti ..VIII. Four Hundred M el Third Troop

Oarrier statistics.

o'l'E.-The 'I'abulating ervicel ectionoI ,be

United States Strategic Bombing urvey compiled

the greater part of the cllltn presented in the chart s

and bables. In order to complete BOrne of the

statis ical series, however, it WIIS necessary tosupplement reports of the Tabulating Service

Section with dn,ta compiled by hhe Twenty-fifth

Stl1tistica1 Control nit of the Thirteenth Ail'

Force.

TA.BLE I.-Operational .iatislic8 (JS Jan: 19J,8 IhTouOh31 Aug. 1945)

U C < . lI lS S r u l, s o. :r U (I ;S I lc w n b y A n ll nu n! £ To n ~ ~l,.ypC- l:lirCfllrt Bomb Il<JIded

Yt."llftludwnung(! ' ,

ITlomh drol>ped

FIHhLQro1ieavy Medium

011 tar- Mo.ehin-c Olinnou

bomb s b flmtw rs gli!l"sgun

ODd

rock bI

I-;----------/9j.iJ

~JODllIU"j" .... __ 201 er lSI _ .. w . _ . ~ _ -----~ ..1'cbruory •••• 2 16 211 J l lOMnre:h__••••• :!Ill 65 16 39

_ . • . .. . , ! I i. ''''--50~f:;! : : : : : : : :

I !O >!~

I~ 11) NI) 1.000J : ;01 ao l~D 271 200June ________

1,&14 2M )74 1110 843 1 1 1 0

Jul.y......... 2,G tr l 549 2ilS m 2.772 roAuS.m······ UIl3 42 8 436 Ii3I I,~.O 00S.I,lclnbe ••_ 1,002 42.1 323 Oil. 2, 738 l!OOctober _a •• ~ 1,059 - 4 7 5 m 1.237 2.m 550N o ve .m b nr _ _ _ 2,6114 1m 4 2 1 1

1:t~ ~:: ,:170December ___ 11911J 19' [j/j; 1,500

19«If1,lLllar~T ___ • 1,683 436 : 1 . 1 7 1.(162 J , 3 l i O 83(l

} " 't i 'b r ur u - y • • _ _ 1,627 578 .. 2 , G O : : i 2,321 00 0March••..... 1,7M tl70 7 J . 1 2,009 4 , ! I & b 1.360

" " . U . . . . . . . . lrl"G .68 729 1,1l8Il 3,005 0MaY ___a

n__ 2,382 070 G 70 3,m . . 3 00 1.600

!W1t:.•••____•• 1.008 1!l8 ( ] 3 7 2 1 ' 9 ' 7 ' 6 s , 3 S ' ! O C o l lJuly._ ....... 27 8 i02 U 1.5;5 Il, 986 00

AU~t.._~-*._ ~l 4S2 2 83'1 789 2l!I)

S U lj w: m b er ~ _ ~ lM! 0 1 1 7 000 2.t~2 3.'.';(1 2,0:.)Oct ober , , ___ l, B OO 436 823 1. se s 0,00II 1.1I3(jNuvembe r ___ J,II82 1 1 7 0 1,Im 3,461 O,3-l~ 2,0;0J)e~moor •._ 1,438- ',175 1,1.1)4 3, SS T 13,4 5 2 , 2 . . ; ' ; _

19j.H.~ ~&lOrmunry. ___ J,Wm 1.301 651 3,321;

J~ttbrunry ••__ 1,49J 1.109 2 64 3,122 II, 7 1 1 9 1 . 3 1 1 1 )

MW'.It._ .... I,m 110 1 8 7 M!I ',000 U,0!41 2,700

~f:~l:::::::2 , O M 1.3ll~ U4 "m 12, 212 ' . 0 0 1 12, ON 1.100 I l I l 2 3.679

~:~~100

JUtle.~._'"' ••. 2 , I SO 1,'01 72 2 4,011 :l-~73luly._ ....... 1 , J . 6 4 80S filjO 2,278 13.'70 ~,AuJ !Us t . . . .. . j40 4 1 1 l ! H2 1.100 4,765 2, .321

Sou'rco~U. s.• l!l'1l1e!;,lcDomb1ng Sun'C)' T~builltltlj! ~n"l~ seertnn.

17



'·eo.rfil!,dmmnh

~\\~t·rmt:~ IJ.l.lm~r "'ren"In.mmbat,

' 9+1

1it~~1;::I - I g , un .:18 ..s . . .,,. .

'"00 ra es

'"\r~L_+~_~ 1 . " 2 2 00 ,. , ss . . W

~~~~~::-:-:-r

,. . un "., ss . .

-H i !02 7-1 Ill! j.~ . ,...une_~&. r.~ "0 ' I l l " ~ U~ -r~ . ,July_~~&~~~. 17~ IIi ". '"

GO 'AUiJ- l:! i"_ __~

" ",,:I ~, ' O O '", 8S

SePlemb(1r __ l 4 . " 2 Uti

'"117 ~ t

OclObE!"r •••• , . . llII" "

,. .g

t.I~OVl::m.bN __ 100 1m Tl ,. . 70DI. t tmDr r ___ !:H '" oJ ,. .

" "19U

J""-nI;IftfJ~~~-- . . . . l[]'

" ' ' ' ' ' " ".,

l~~~~:·,,~ HJj . . lO S

'" "" '"H . . l~

'" "~ i ~ ~ ~ = = ~ ~~1 "' . . i~ III asno l~

'"t : \ . " i .

"'. .

.SS l!H !!

'"

8> I l : I I

)u!;__••_•_ ' L ! Y . ! ,M

~I "", .

. .Au.ftllst~ .. " " I2.l

. . '" .,I l' PU Q l )o Cr ,dttrm,H FWo:IIIDcod Hom~ ~,lIlrrrafLI}Jl(!ru.tllm'lI

V~rmdlJlonlh ITro."..y ~I:~hlln Ilto......-y Ml!.odfllm

!F"lgil1.(!n;»Om""" bambt>~

FJgbl~~bcmbtr.s OG.tlJQ.cfll:

c------ -~-, . . . ,J[UIUiU"~~ I. J

'"10, 1:\1- "l!!bru~: I":: , . . . 2f) ,. , 10 ' " "' . ! .t ! :l reh ______• !t, '0 2 :2l 23 ,~,

" "t 1 : ; 1 = ~ : = - E i3'"

.,1 0 ' 7 1 2 ; 4 Ijr

" '"101 . . t'j ,2 . .

l[ln~. !:! - t 1 !

" "12 1 . . . . . .

July ___.: . ::j,j

ill " "HG '00 "UiPl5' t_&.~. < . " ". . 0 1 ! l "rIItr.mJx!r~ 07 00 . . "8 "

. .OQ t .o~ ! '_ _ _ __ _ . .

'"<$ . . 8' " "" " 1 , : f l ; \' f m ' l : ) ! ! r _ _ _ 00 '">II OS 81

'"lret.m'bu .• . . " 7"'1

'"00 "

'''l~,

" ill! &I . ." " " "BIHnrY __~~

Peh.r:~Lluy __~~ , , ~ •• . . . . III. .,

MGJ : ' (l l _ _ _ _ __ _ 61

" " ". . 137 9'

~ r : J . ' : : - : : : : : - .1

" ". ., 08 1.0"iI' 7u

'"

,.. . . ! J - ! '08 71

JUJ.lI1_.~.~~~

'" " " "So l 'M >I I

JulJ ___~_~~~ '" ,~42 3!2 II.

Ot

Er.ugy.:il._~_.

. . i' l.l Z! , I.. 13S fJ ) lt m~ . ._ •• " . . "

., ,

'0 0 ,~O dr l~r & • •• _ fa ~~

'". . u1

'"'o,"'tlT.!l~r_~ '71 n",

" "., J~l ,01

ni.'a!illbe:r.~'"

,0 8 . .'"

U~ " , .I~~~

l i :1 ''''110

'"m l<l)

](!.I],g::Iry~~_.

:E 'lh r uvY ___ . . I:n . . . , 00, , . . ,. .

:M Arc h _ ._ W U~

' " ' " ' ' ' ' '00

t f i ' = - ~ : : : : : - " "1 L : 2 . .

'" '" '"'"

. . . &I

'"1M ' O I l

08 " '"liS "

. . , J ! l " l

July. . . 110 H

'", . . ,

SO

. lUll•• ~~ -- " " ',' " " " "' " "

11nftlIDP'ti:!U.

1~~I~J.:I~::::~~r'L'~.~·i})~r3,~~~~ic~~:..~~~I!J~~Jc~~!lIl~~m~~~~'I~~~

T "BLE V.-Bomb lonna,O',.by lyp ' bomb by typo/arUM

"v~rq~ numbtr COCl:lbu.~bltMl"pt r Combllotm)"we n r ' & l> " " , 1 m g u b i oro" 1 0 " " "

! j ~Y","..nd j ~ f

!1

rrllmth J .Ii ] ]j

i.!l~ § ]

.!l ~~ .. ~ ~ .!!. .! "l! .. . .

~j "l!

'" "

;,.

~!

. . '" . . " " " '" :;'t- -- --I~ --------"jJ

~ ~ ~ ~ : : = :.--~~... ----. ~ .r _~ r _ • •~ • • ... _·_.r~ . r~ • • _ .. _ - - -

-- joi- -··7~~'io- · · · s·-··iii·--~i~·____r~~~.~~----~-

f u ! ~ : : : : : : : : ~1~ ia • 11 7 . . ra

---+'j- ------!"1St ,n . .

'". . , <

1 ' 1 . 1 . . 00 21 ZI 1~ ,---ji~ ....~~July~.~~~~ ~... 1& Ilil

". . o5 i

~ " '.3 1

t m 1 ~ t H { r : : :- : : :. . ." " '"

. . • ~> l J I I " " "

. . ~ ." 8 11

r~~iiOct .o ~ r _ _ _ _ __ _ _

" " '0 1 6 'a '" " • 'o s 10No-'r,;rmrbi!r ______ 321

" la, 10 . . . . ------December • •~___

" ",0< 'S 1< ,1

'"- - _ . _ -

- - - 2 0 · r~r.m~

'~<l

~~~~:::::m 100 os " " "

17 'il' t . " i . ,9, . . ,"' '" "

:tg

'" "f, ,

'''' ll!ii! ' 0 0 " ">3 I til

'"t r : ~ ~ ~ ~ : : = : = := :. . . , . .

'" n , I os"

,O I l ,>3 , n, 122 ,a ~ 1 i I ' ia • rn a

l LL l \{ ! - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

'" ' '''' 113 l.4 " . . , 101 IIl u1 f ___ •___r_ • •_ OJ<)

' ' ' '1 '""., . ,

",

'"-~.---

_~r: t.Gtl !l .~.r •••• _ .,g ' 18 108, ,.

&• ,ii. • 70 ----Sep tl ! [ IIb~ ~ .~ . ~ . . . ,' " lI2

" " "1< es ;

Or:to~r~~ __r.~. m' ,.))! JO < aa < .," • '0<

~Q\·i::'mD-!:!r.m~•• . " '''' ss

". . . . "

, 1\.D[~I i . 'I .b! !. l -______ . . , m ioa

"

. . . . , 'j ':!i

1 9 0 U

t r ~ ~ ~ ~ = = ~ :_ '" ' 1 1 7 , I l L >

"so ., a 107 . .24 t ' l :

'" ' ' ' ' " "., 1·7 a " '. '" '. , . . ,

'0 2 '". . "

,"

. .~~1::::::::::: " , : 1

," " 13:

" " " '" "1JJ

~.

," ill' ,III <7,

11 ~,Jtni!~_•••~.~. 'ttl) '00 • • _S ' ." • " "J )lJ . •• • _ • • _ _ • •• 2.}I jJ '

"~ '8 ~ >l "Ui;U:!~~~~ •••~_ . . . , . ,~ ZI " 3 " .....~

to..Aup :nn • •~~ ._B I i J) t 1 lmOO ~~~Ocl ob c . r • • • ~ ~ _: N "G ' ' V l( l mbe r~ _

D t tC :M 1 t ro c r • • ~ .

I.uJatl .1JUf •• r,._f '~tm;r.n;rfrr~~~M i L r c :. b ~ • • ~ • • • ~

~f:;~:::::::Jun~.~~.• _

~ M U i i : :: : : := : :~~~~f~~'~~~_-~:N o ~' e: rn br :! [_ ,Dewmbir;!t" __~~I

, ~a~M La ' b1 . \ : .

~~!~n~j~~::J~~~~'g'I~t:sI~~~~lIl8~1~~~~t::1Bb~i~IIIB.tlll~l'rvlw

' 11 1 'p , ( ') 1') I') ,em , . < 0 1 1 , , " ' "~,) ( ~) (I) I i,\ 1 J 3 ~ .~r... ,0C lS1 I ••• ~ 1 _ ._ __ 5 0 • • ,• • • • r~~·r__

1 I 1 .~.w: I ~~~~.~ ~~.r, ' t l : .. . . · 1 ••• •• •• •• •• •• •• •• •

: ::L.~ : L= ~ =~ : : : :: : : :: : : : : ~ = : =J ~ .~ ~ ~ • • • ~ .~ .~ • • ~ _~ _

, ! ~~__ a : _ _ • • ~ . ~ ~ • • ~ ~ . _ _ , _ , _1 ~ ~~~•••• .c , o s a m o ' 2 , . MIj.

~J ~'~--i~:::,::::~t==,l&~ABLE rV.-iJ>4!,,:b'd;"" .j00t40 lonnavc, by IV!" laruel

B o r n •i "l JP1T1l1U

G,840

168

351~5

17

:l7S

4 < 1 6

473

Zfi ,OW

15,6S7

10,3U~

3 4 : S

G[t.:iesind L1rbnllnrCllUL~r_r.~~_r.r_.r __ ~ _

Publio utilltiea • • • _

aoVernm~[lL bll[ld .L [lga~ •• _ ~ ~ •& _ • _ • _

1 ' . 1 1 iscell.n:nepliB, 111m...rmcturi o g p !. tl f' t~ • & • _

[\1in06~(loal, ote ~ • ._. _

on f e f i i 1 . o r iO S _ r _ _ • _ . • r . _ _ ._ • ~

O ll .B to rn g~ _. _. _. _ _ & ~ _ • ~ ~r._~ . _CQl.nUiUI.I'cat[on fncll~ttes • _ _• r~~ _

Airfiolw • _

T'aottca! targ~~ . _~_~ r _~~ ~_ & _ •

!Jnidcnl;iflud ••• • •• _

:<01cl.... ifiod •• _

1 F.J iUra not. a,'I'a!l!lbll!'.

Sa~: 'Dor r= !, b t .o"D .I . l IIR1 !uLd O. : .1l1 ) l l ISt l !l l ~ n.lrttJin. Irmt.!" IJ. S, Sb'At~l i; i .1 !l

gg~L~!tt ~[~~\O} TIl trul~i.!nli: S~kin; ,dl ~1i1Jt: t ~.. 25th SU!.tilU~]

Tom.l • • __ -- ~2. 11I7

S!l)U"r~=U. s. ~LmH·J;.~ 'Dorrrhrng Sur ......l . fJ·llbulil1bll1! a(!,\I~i'~1~J;IlI

18

1, ~ ~ E lr.1ft.ft1tlosu.. fg i~~ ~3 " ·11

.li§ ~~'E ~.~ ~Ii. ~ .r l_ g ' g " " ' " i l

1~~iIlId~~

'13.5 g; ~~ Iir.i:cli.'tJ[ :::i=~~~J

= gili~

., ~

tii~1~ .ll~

£ i~.. ii l c;-: ;

ile ;:l 0 'c o .. ," "'

r S + 4 I

Jo.nLlll.rY___._.

"

~

. .

~

~-~~ --.~ _.-'" !! -~ <I

F I [ !I J r ut r .. tY _ _ . _ _ . ." "

~_~.r _~r~ ~-.~'"

--.~ .7M i l i" r := . ti _ _ _ ~ ~ ~ ,. , Il ~·r~ ..- -- 2 ' ii 0;

~ ~ : ~ : : : : : : : :I . . -.~-~-~-

'" "_ . , -

7<. . . , ..- ~ _ • •• r _ ZI "~.~~.a

" "~.~~r ..-- " " '"

- _ .'"LJJ .,V. _. r. r • • r " . . _ .- ··~r.~- ' 2 2 ' III -~.~

~~~~1ir:::=18

'" - ~~~~ ~ II "" • .._ - -~r--- " • --.--

"r : : tDbrr ~__.~ r~ ;; ,. .~~. --.-- 1> 1 18 ~-~-

N(!o!rtJ[]l)r.r~m~.~, "

.~~~~--.--.- . . . . --.-- ' 5 1 1De«'mbcr~~~_ , . --~.--.~~_roo •• I,~-~-Wl

1 ~ 4 0 5 '

~ e~ Y : : : _ =1~ to '01 ," , &_-~ - _ .

"" '. .;I'"

" 11 . .'",

I .~-~"" "]~

M.o reb .. . • • _ _ _ _ • 11 in

" " " " · - - r -- _ ..~~. . . II r.~~

'"} ~ i t : : : : : ~ :1 10

"TO ~-i -~-- ._ .

" -rO! l. . " 71 Ut a _r~. . . II 2lD.,

'". . .. . a ·-"r ..~~'"

. . ~r_ hJab'.~ ___~ 3! 31 . . rs .r·r

_ .. - n ~,-.-- ,ii.Ugml:.r ______ ill

" " "I. 1 --~~- •• • -.-~

711

'".~~=~tL!~I~~.JJaO!L~~

$oUro!.: : !l i th Sl .l l tlsUco .l COlLtml Un l . . . .

19



UN IT ED ST AT ES ST RA TEG IC B OM B IN G SUR VEY

LIST OF REPORTS

Tbe ro llQwi ng i s ,s, bibJiogra]!hy of t ,ePQ. " . , - t s ,r,e51J.. J~ing l romtllll Su:rvc:y'~ stud JCS c r tile EUl'Q~nn and Pscif e wars,

~rfD.ill or t~m~e- reports f ll Ily bepurchased r r : o l ! L :b.llaSll!poij"r~Jntcndont or'Dccumcnls at the Government P,nJl tlng ~mcc,Washil1gtpnj D., C: _p!l~m.jSSrO-fl to e.xnmino the ,remainingre)1 'crr tls ma.''I r ·,Jc . hllu b y w r it in g ~ . t he H ~ cl ~l u[ 3. lr l. cJ 'B lO r theSurvey at O r o . " 0 IIy Po;n~, \'II n sh ing tn n 25, D . C.

European War

OFF ICE OF THE CHAIRMAN

Th. Unit ed St,,1.c5 81m togi" Bomblng S"'''~l'' Sum-mary Rowrl (Europemi W~,)

2 Th. Uni ted Sin tes 8 trot .8 'i " Bomblng : ;; ". "oy: Over-",IIHepcrf (European WIl')

Tl,. EI'[.o'" or Stiatcgio Bombiog on tho Gorman

' 'VaT-EooDom:r

AJnCRA.F'r DIVlSroN

(By Di'vilitc;rn and Branch)

. ; I . Air e: ra fi D i v ts iou Ind klStr,l.l lic.p:o.rt5 J!)spootiQn>';"its 1.0Varia", Tn'1l.t.s (Spocial noport)

6 J un ke rs A lr c't fl .r l : an d A er o E ng in e: ' ;V oj k: ;: ., D cs se u,Gerruanv

7 E rla · M O . "i ic ll ln en we rk e G m b HI U ehcr b l i n k. Q e r ,n : l8 . n ySAT G l\'Jasc.lljfll2;llb.[l.u, G tu h H, Lc.ip::dg{).106kfmL

G - e r m n . J l Y'0 q-ot~'n_er , Wag~Qnf .l 1b ri .k , A C , G ot ha G tr rm nn ., -10 Foe kc \VllIlr AIl"{]rnJtPlunt, Bremen, Gentiany

{

o " e r - " l 1 Report1 1 I \iI ~e tS cl uT !iM . . A G , p.a . r.I A

Augsbur g, G e rman y P .i lT~ B• Appcndl ec a I , T I, In

1'2 DQmjCTworks, Fricdrlohshulen & ),rmli(ih~GOitno.uy13 Qerhnrd Flcec le r ' l'Ve .rke :a m b H , KfLSSo-ll Germeuy14 Woner Neustaedter Fb tC I i :O l l gw o . rk o , W iC : 11 c r Neu-

stndb, Austrl[L,

Aero Enill n es B rn n el l

15 DHSSi g: NAG F tugt uo to rc n wcrko G m b H, Brun~

](1. ;\'f~1~tt.~·~~~~l~Yl\rOjorQ._nwcrkoIn [) TI, Tuuehn,Gcrmn\l_t' _

17 D.[w.cr rio:n l\fotor VlTorkE;.Inc, Elscuach &. Durrerhof

J S . B £ L ~ : ~ ~ : ~ ~ lctcrenwerkc A G (Bi\t ",rl Muulelr.G~ttIHU1}"

[0 H(l'nliicl\cl l;'luB'JUotc.[{~'n'\\"crkej, l\asSt'IJ Germnnj'

Li 3 M M e tul D runoh

20 Llgh t '....r ctula 1,rdustr .\1 {Po_'r~ I, Alur ui L~no r G~rrmlll.'· Part, 1], II- rn&iI.I(,~IIII

21 Ve ro ln Igt.e Deutsche 1 I . felaHweeke, Rild eshelm, Ger-runny

22; ~ -r 6 ta J, lg lt ~~ cse. ll s( !hD. rt G m b H" ~ Le ipzj,g~ G-epnp,n'V23 Alumlulu •nwcr. k a m b H , P la nt . NO .2 . D it te rr el d,

Germauv2~ Gcbrue~J'~Gju ll iu C II~ b H. Lud\~ha.I:{m~ .Oormnn,Y25 Luftsehlffbau, Z.ppelin G ru b R, Friodncheloaron

on Dodc.. fJSOO.)G~r r fJa l ]Y25, Wie .1nnd We,k. A G" l1lm, G",,,,,,O)'27 · Rudolph l li lu te "" "c h L .. Ie hm . .. . llgi..,.,"'icll. Bollu-

geu, G er.'maliY _28 Lip_pewe.rlreVe.rein.igto.atnmlulumwerlea a G, Luuen,

Get"mnflY2 0 , Te r- e' in ig t. e Dautsehc Metnllwerke, Heddnrntiim,«

30 Dt~~.:i.e~fi~rC_I:.a.llwe:rke c, Duren Wttenau-Bcrilnl " 'W . o. ' I" C : l1

1Gmma[)y

AREA STUDIES DMSIOl;S1 A ,c ' S 'u d] "" D iv!si'>n RGport3~ A DotAile d Stu cly of tl!. Elf • eta of A"", Bombi n g

o n l Iambu r g33 A Det ,8 il .' ;: Study "r the EIToc!lo01 >I..... llo[ui>mg

on W"pperlal3i A DetAiled Stud), of tbc ElIcoI.. of Ar"" Ilo,,,to;,,g

on Duascldorl35 A Deta iled Stuuy or U1C Efr{H;.~, of }l,l''eR Bombing

3G A b~~:f:5eStll~1 of th e E rr et t~ o J A re a Bomb ingon R e t t L . E . C h e ' i o

37 A ~"~!~: '~g tyf 1'1'0 Effeots or ATellBcuihlng

3S A Deta iled Stndy of 'he Elf.cj .. or Area Bamblng00 Lubeck

39 A Bdof S,udy 01 the Eliccls or A."" B"!nb;n~On

Berlln, Augsburg, Bochurn, Lcipslg, Hnga 11, Dort-mund, Dberhuusen, Seh\ \"c. inrurt . and Broman

crVlLUN DEFBNSE DIVISION

oj 0 OidJiJfll Defense D. \rision-FIIH,\I Report

~,1 Gologo. Field ReporL42 Bonn Fi ol d Hcpnru~13 H(~uovC!rFiel d Rcpc rt.~4 llnll,burgFiold Rcpors-c-VclI, T~~t;VQI 11,Exhibit.45 Bad OldesleeFreld Report46 Augsburg Fteld Report47 Rec ep tio n A rens ill Bavrsrln, Genno.ny

EQUINTENT OJVlSION

'18 Gorman Elool:rioal Equipment Industry n".I '.Ort4[1 Brc wn B QI}[] r1 Ct Ole, ~,In'Unheim I{:r!Jertal, Gettll u rl~

o pli c nl n l' !,i! P r ccls l On I ns tr u m e n t U r' ,a ,' n- e, h

50 0[1lie-a1 .n nd P ' r o . { ' l iS lOllIn ;s t : rL lIIIcm t I nd us ! r y n'oPQrL

21



Abrasives Branch

61 1'he GCtIl lo.rt .L\bras: iv Industry52 :\Inyor and cbmldt, Offcnllnah on ~r8.in, Cormany

Antl-hidi.n Bun.h

53 The ,crniau Anti-FrictiOD Beillrings Industry

l \Ia<:hinc Tools Beaneh

fi.L Machi ". Tool~ & ~faobi ll i>r\' as api ;" 'IEquipm fit55 ~I""hb,. Tool IndIO tty in Germany

~ 67 R e nn "" Kclb ce , ologne Gerll lanyY o Ue t A n d. Eng<llhnrd, OITo~h'Ob, German).5 .Nrl.: 'rI :O~ Fnion, Fra.t lkrort on. Mnlri , Germnny

MILITARY ANALYSIS DIVISION

59 The D efeat of t ho G orm nn A ir F or. "60 I ':Weapon. (C,. ., .. bowl Campaign61 A ir For ee R ar e o f OperuHon62 \Y.~thru; Fac tor. i n Com!;>" , Bcmbnrdm fit Ope",-

tlons In th European 'IbeatrnBombing Aocl1r>Icl:, ' AAF Henvv and Mediumll",nb< r s i ll tbe ",TO .

D"'IoriptiOll 01 ltAF BombingTbe. J~paot of t he All ied Air Effor t on G rrnan La-gl tlcs .

63

MORALE DlVlSI0N

6~b The Eire . .. o f t ra t. eg ic Bombi ll g on Gorman ~ for . .l .

Medic al B re ne h

05 'r~o~ff.ct 01 Bombing on Healt h f ind Medlcal Camut G"'rmn.oy

M NlTION DIVISION

Be.,')' Indu Iry Branch

66 The. Coking Indllstry R port 01>Germany67 ok .mg Pirul t Repor t No. t Seeticns A B &, D6 8 G .~ tc h? _ ff nu ~h ue tt e, O b er hn ,u se n. J G erm any •~ ( ~ F p e dr i .c b -A I rod. Huette, Rhei.nhnusen, G"","UlY" " Neunk ir ch cn E le enwe rk a A G .I Ncunki rc ben 'Ge r-

ft:m llY •

71 I{eicbs werke Hermann Goering A G H allend rfGermany , . 0 I

72 A~g\lot Til].:..en n " . t L e 1\G, HBmboto German73 FrICdrlch Krupp A G, 130rbcck PllUlt 'Esson d c r -_,' many , '

~ Dortm~U.ld Hoarder Hu ttcllverein A G Dortmund~"'~ ",

75 Flo •• ~ hA 0, Dortmund Germllny7 6 B oc hw lI er Veroll, [\Jor' Gus:.1llhlfobrikntiOfl A G,

B o ch U ll l, O c _ .r m an y

1 I10t. r V .h ld • • Dnd Tank. B runch

77 Oe rJnnn Moto r Ifen i0le8Illd U"TV 11pOrt78 'fonk rndu~try RepOrt .

79 DoimJ r n nz A G Unlerturk)''' im G "llnnvo Rotlllult Molor V; hiele I'L"lIt Tjill~n""urt P .

S L Adam OI2C'I. n LlN'f'llsh.o[m C(]r~{HlV I MIS

82 D~lmler BQrlz-Gnggunuu "Yod,t.tl C~el1o.ll Ocrl1l.J:J.

83 : \ [ O : : ! ~ ~ ~ ~ : n b r i k\upburg-NLJrnbergr 'Nurl1be~~

A uto Uuio·n A G . '1 \ DlIlU~ o .nd Z ," , ·j . cko .u . CcrQ ln .n r

a"n~nhcl. l; ohn , I (a ., ' I, Ccmumv . :I

~1J].yb"nh Motor lYork~, Fr[.,lricf1!l1,nfcn C.rm""VO!g!I""der, M""cbh,"l ifobdk AC l 'l ll u" '; G e ro n YYoJkJ lwogeowurka , F.l lcralcbcn Germany' a"yYu ing N A G ) D ru W !\ \T fc k, G e ra um y

; \[in~~~"bo" Indw;cLric A G (~IiRg) 13ru"""lok, Ger-

9 1 F r! ed rl nh K ru pp O ru so nwe rk e, i VI "1 1d ehUJ "g , CormollY

22

Submarine Brancb

92 German Submari no Induslry Ropor t03 MaflChiuc lI (abr ik AUl !'9burg-Nuruoorg A 0, Augs.

burg, Germany94 B lohm and V o "" S hi p. !'R r de , H a mb Ur g, G .T 'n an y96 Dcui.ch.wcrkO A G , K io l, G erm an y96 D eu tsche So hiiT u nd M aS <lIlI".u bau , B rem en, Gor-

mnny

F rl ed rl oh K r up p Gcrmnniawcrll , Klel, Oormll.l'YHowald!"",orke A C, Hamburg , GermanySubmatdue Assembly hel te r, F . .r ge , G o rm a n) "B re m r Y u lk an , V I' g< >s oo k, G • • m a n y

PropellanlB Branch

E l ek tr oc ll cm hmh e .w e rk c , M u u lu h GermanyBchocnebeus E~p!~. i\ 'e PI!. . II, LIgo'>,," Sl''''''IIBtoll

W erke G I.U b H , B ud S alz em en , O er r. ru ,. ny -PI"nl . o r Dyu . .m it .A G, Vor ," "I , A lf", d Nobel '" Co ,Trois do rf , C la us th ol , D rummel and Duneb erg,Germunv

Deut so lm ! 3. pr c ug . ch enL iO G III b H, R,rniburg, Ger-many

1301.31

132

133979899

100 OV&RALL BCONOMIC EFFECTS DIVISION

Ordnance Branch134 0 \1 erul l Eaonom lcE ffecl~ Divieie 11 lieport

Gros.~ Nutloua Produm, } peela pnpersJ{rie:gseilb rlehte ~_ which togetherHencun Geerlng lVork._ _ _ .omprise theFood find Agrlcutturo .. --~- above repcr

134n "lndnatelnl i 'aes OlltPll~ and Productlvlty

101

102

103

104105106

107108

Ordna" ce Industry ReportFrledri.h Krupp Gruscnwerke A 0 MagdeburgGC· ' l l1 any

Boebumc r Ver ei .n J ue r Gu . . ta bl fa br i1<a tio n A GBochum GcrmB~'y I

Henschel & : Sohn, Kassel, CermanyRb.il lmetol l-Bor5ig, Du. . eldorf, GeemnneH er ma nn G oe ri ng W er ke , Bl"O,Iu""chw.fg 'HnlJendoriGermany "

HailDoveri.scl}1l )..r~b.inenbau., HllnovW'1 GermanyGu.stablfnbrlk F ri ed ri ch K ru II P, E ss en , G er ma ny

134b Pbybi .1Il Damnge Division Repor. (ETa)135 ViHIlQOUblf l,Y Airdrome, :P~ri~ Ji"rBne,o

13G Ralll'<lad Rell"ir Yn,d., MaJj"e., Bols!um137 RaiJror,d nop,, ;r YardS, Louvatn, BQl19UIll138 Rai lroad Repsi r Yards , B llSS n, Bol'l'wr)l39 Rallroud Repair Yards....Nernur, Belgium110 Submnri ne Pena, Brest , PecnccIH 1"0 wder PI anI,Augoulam ~ FranceJ42 Powder P lnn~1Bargerac, J '-rn.nCfI113 COkins Plants, i\lolltignI &,Liege, lle!giulll14-;1 Fort. SL ! l1aise Verdun Group, 1\1·tz

lF:mncc

J 45 G nom e c t:. Rhone r L[mogcs, Fmuoe146 ~LiCl helu I T i re F ncw ry I O J er mc nt - F e r r sn d, F r u uc el-1.7 OJl~"lH~ cL Rhone }\cro Engine Factory, 1,0 MilOS!

France[48 Kugclfi""h, . Bearing .B"U FlD.nt, Ebcl.bach, Gee-

In.il.tlY

l~g Loui~ Breguet AircraJt. }?Inn,t ;. Toulouse, France150 S. N " C . A. S , E, Ai rcra ft ,. PI 'B I1L, Toulouse, Franc,e.15J A. I. A. Aircr.f ll'L PJeUlr, Toulouse, France1b2 V 'Veapolls in London1~3 City AM" of K"lfcld1 54. Publlu 4 Jr- Raid Shelters in Germanyl55 , Golden berg Thcnnul Electric Power Sw.tiion~ E"nap-

5S ck , G e rm any156 Brsuwener Trarisformer &. Switching Station, Brau-

weHcr~Germanyl51 Storage. Depot , Nahb()l Icnbach~ Germo.oy!fiS RnilwRY and :R.ol ld Bridg:ct Bud ~l1lt1.stcr, Gertnu'[JY1JJ9 Rn. ilwny Bridge. El1er. Germuny]60 Gusl1olr-'Verke Weimllr, \Vehlw,r, OcrmAny161 HCDscile: ll & .. 8 01 m G rn b fl. Ksssel, Gcrlnany162 Arc .l l S1Jn'e\ ' a t pjtmo.s~ns. GermAu\,103 HOI l( )mo.g, bnuo\~ilI', GcruulHY •]64 M AN 'Y orke A ugsbllr~t Augl:lourg1 Oc.r.nl.f i._tly165 Fr iedr ich Krupp A G, Esscn! Germ,allY]66 E rla MuS tlb hl a nv crkc , C In b H }Iei tcrbl iek, Ger-

lUauy1 67 AT G 1 \' IJ .l scb il w. ul 1au G m b H , ). ro ckD. u~ GCTl tl an y]68 ErIn ~raso:hjnenwcr'ko a 1ll b Hj Moak.su. OCrlll.(ltJy

16 9 Bllyeri!che 1\.' lotor-enwcrkc, Dlrm1rlmr Ge.rmnny1 7 0 1 \ Ji L tc l -Deu t. s .c h o "Nfot'orcllwcrke a m il H I To.och.al

Gcrnl:nny171 Subtm.\ri llo Pcns l1euLb<lJi~-\VcrrlJ Blunbu,rg, Ge:f-

172 J"r~ni~:~~lorlctl StfLWt.Urcs, Ihunburs, Oermn.lIY173 Collonc l1w l Outnmlwcrkcj Ho.nO\'cO Gerinfiny

~i~~~~lI~!~~e:~~I.li~fo~~b~~R~~~~l.e : ~ ~ 8 ~ r V176 llrown Emlcri Qt. Cia, "MLmnlmill11\.tlrertall tlerlll.!:LtlY

]7·7 Adam 0rol A G, RIl...,I,hcilll, "ermnu.y178 Dnimler -Bcnz. 1:\ Or 'U111ert,urkh-eitn. GerUlll..ny1 79 V o. lC ll ti n S ub ma ri lJ c A ~ sc mb lY ', F ar ge , G e. rn HI .I lY18.0 VoLk$w.ng_@onwcrke, Fal l r sl ben, Ge.rtntmyIS1 R n il w "y Y I" du ct ~t BI.lefeld, Gonnonv18 2 Shill Y r lr ds H o w o .l dt sw e rk c, B nm bn rg ; Gcrml\uy183 Blo 1 . 1 1 1 !ltt! Vos..1I !hipsnrd.s,r Eamburg, Cornu-my

PHYSI AI , DAMAGE DIVI ION

OIL D1VISro

109no

III

Oil Dlvtsicn, FiJI,,! RopertO il D l vioion, Fi~BI :aeport, A J lP o n d is

Po\\"dc.r, E:. \.~loSl"esj Speclul Rockets n.nrl Je~ Pro-" o U R " " , War OMOSand Smoke Acid (Jl .. lini .t .riolReport 1.1)

U n de rg ro u. nd a nd Dispersal Plan ts, in G r ... t . , . Ger -mn.ny II

T ~ 8Garm" n oa Industry, Th[;, ;, istedal Report Team

Ministerial R"lIor~ on Ohemicals

112

113

114

on Bronah

115

116

117

11

119

120

121

122

123

lU

125

Ammonialmcrkc Me_burg G m b B Launa Ger-mnnY-2 Appendices "

Brn)1."kohl . ncndn A G, Z(!i~.and BOlden, Germo.),II U~!C"'h"l1A G, l.eutzkenclorf, Oel'mnnv

l .udw,gshMoJl:Oppau Work$ of 1 G Farb.ninduSLr;eA Gr LudwIgsh3fcn J Gernlany

R"l lrOel Hydrcgnll nt ion J 'l an t BoM,top-Boy Go, -lUany, Vol. IJ V oJ . U j I

Il.h e Hn n I n O!!>lllg,\Hnar"'o.lw~.k~ A G, nar b l ! r gRcfill~rYt Hamburg, Germany

R~Jlgru" O_I! Minero.loelwcrk A G, Grnsbrooke In tlA_ HLlH1hu.rg GermlLuy

RI~nom" V5$I'S Miooralo"l\\'erkc A ° Wilhelm.burgG ofinerhl, Hombutg C.rmany ,

' ! t 1 r t ' c i ' J . I~tV ic oo r, C n st ro p- n" ". <o l, G e rJ ll n" y, Y o l.

Enbropnclschc. Ttlllk.ln-ger u nd .1 'f rn nS I) Or t A G , lIBln-u rgJ Oerffirlln y

EI~no A~)h~IL W"rk~ A G, Harh" egRofin"ry, Ea,n-utg, Gel'"mnny

lI1&,""rVbccktllcinprc"ssen Yll tbeUc Oil Plant-Vol.l

ol.Tl

126

12712812 9

Rubber Branel,

Deutsche Dl,mtop Gun\inj Co. RfI,tl&.l1 on ~ {U .i ll rGermany I

nContincnl.n! Gnmmlwerke Haoo" .r , Cc, nmnyu"!s S):nthotl 0 Itu b be r Pia" ~

MiD l.I.e ' lal It'porl. On Germ,," Rubber JudllJltrY

184185IS O187188

J 9190L OI192193

19~

19~196197198199

V o ir n Jr u -- B e, Q } ) A 0 , M n n nh e il l1 , a rmlU1Y

~"t f' cL l" Oil Plant, Mccrbcdl<-Unmburg, (''''tmnnyG~wcrkbieh.af t Vic tor,_ GflStrop-Rauxel , G~t li}( lH_YKIQcknor 11urubeld], Dc"t. VIm, Oermeuvnubro .l E iydrogef inUon Pll il lt , Bot trop-Bcy, Uer-man

Neukirehen Ebcnwerke .A G, Ncukiruhell , jerm81IYR ll lhvn." ViQd,,"t at. A1te"b(!ekcn, Gormnnynai l way Vl"duct n t Am,burg , Gorm!ll l)"Dcur~g-N'er llg ltetlucrle ! : i \l iE!bu rg , Gcr I ll J l fl )"Fire R8lds on German Cit ies

J I Fn.rbe.nindtrt.rie, Ludwigshsfen, G rmanj-, Vo!I,~ VaLlI

Roundhouse In )1!'rBh.rllLingY"r i- Ulm, Germanj-I G Farbenduslrln, Leverkusen, uermanyOhemlsehe- Wurke , Ru e - Is . CC rmn f )\ l 'Grol'Jlber~ ltnre:hnlJing Yerd, Gr-cnlb(..rg. G'rmauyr...tlcomottve Shop! and Brldces ru Hnmm, Germany

TRANSPORTATION DlVfStON

200 Th . E lf ee ta o f I ra tc gi e Bomb ing on Garman Tr an s-porta.tion

201 Rail Dparuti on a 0 "". th e B renn er P. .. ,.202 El f•• ts of Bombing on Rnhrcnd InslallaUons In

RegC.I lsburgt Nuraberg n,lld ~runitih Divtslons.2 03 German Locomo tiv e I na lll ' r v Dur in g th e W.r204 Germau ~liIit ..ry Rnilrend TraJlje

UT ILITIBS JlIVISIO N

205 Gorman Eleot ri e Uli ti es Induslry &1""0206 J 1.0 10 in Vol I ·'Utiliti .. Di"i>ion Plnnt Reports"207 110020 i n Vo lU "UtiL iti . . D iv ls lo n P la nt I le pc r ts"

208 21 Rbefulscbe- W..,tfaLi..,he Elcklri.llae"'",,,rk A G

Pacific War

OFFICE OF R~rnllfAN

J uwmMY Report (F••H\""'.r)2 J ap an '. 5 1r uggl c 00End The Wllr3 The EII ee ta of .~tomi. Bomb. On Hire sbrmo and

Nag!LSaki

C IVILIAN ST DlE

Civ iUu,n Defense Oh"is -ion

4- Fil 'i !l ldl lel )ort Cover iug .Air " !laid P 'ootce lion and ,AlliedSub je ct s . .T okyo , J .l 1pnn

Fi el d R ep ort o ve ri ng t \. i, r H ai d P ro tec tio n a nd A ll red1 .Ib jee t .s_ .Nag3S .i lk i , Jnp .nn

6 Fie ld nepOro Co~"r ing Air: Ito.id P ro te ct io n R n d Al!ledSubject,,;, I{.yolo, Jllpan

Field Ropor, COv. ..ing AirUaid ProteoLlon and A1U~dSubjc~t.s, Kobe, Japan

Field RepOrt Covering Air Raid " P r ot e "t i ol 1 " "d AIU.dSubjects, O""k .., JapanField Report Covering All"Rwd Protection Rnd ,IlUcd

ubj • • t s. H ir o. hlm a, J np all -" o. I10 "rumary H.pOrt Covering AlI RaJd l '",lOOlion and

Allied Subje.t<! in Japan11 Fino. l ReIKt rt Co\ 'e :l '- ing Air nnkl Prot.c.ntion nod

All ied Subje.(~ In Japan

Medienl Division

IZ Tbo Effeo ts or l~Qmbl"g Oil n.,olth Bod ~1 .d i" ,, 1 "' -i c cl !! i n J t\.l:.nn

I S Tho ElI .. ", 01 Atom.io Bombs on Henllh and Medic,,1en~ice. in TIiroshinlt1. , £I . , n d Nagnsaki

IIIorale DlvisIolI

1 4· T ile E lf . . " , 01 trBtcgiQ Bombing Oil Japa~""" )10r&e

23



ECONOIIUC STUDIES

Alraan Division

1' ; T' lu ~J a_P.B;;b.cse AI.r(!rn!'t. Ladue f rv

Ia "''Ii tsu blshl I'I,,~v;' Induatrles, Ltd"Cor/Jt)l'(U.ol n~porl NQ. i

(M!.l"UbIShi Juko!>!,,, ruq(A rtmmcs & BUgl nes)

1 7 Nukn jlmn A i! em. ft a o~ p~ny. L td .Cor,..l»'f!ftof", RqJorl iVa . 1J

(Nakaj Ima Htkokl :KK)

(M,rra",,,,, &. Ellgi""")18 J'[~w;o,ni~hi ; .\ iromn Compa . .n'f

Co,po,ojio~ Jk)Jo,1 No. I II(l(aw1l11i.bJ Kokuki Kab".h;ki Kru,h~)(!li r fr a n U :. 'B , )

}ll I{fi ,~~~ki AiLoron Indu~~rLes COlllpany, IJ\c~Corpo~li'on Rt:po'~ No. !V

(R.DWfUlRk i Kokeh i Ko~\" o ] (a b" .hHdKaisha) . "

(Alr(romc;; & Eagtu .s)

20 Aichi J,_i.r-orn(tCompanyCurp(JrQ.lin Reporl No. 'V

{Alehi Kokuki X]; .l(Ai,frnmo. '" Engi"""l

21 S11mii<>mo l\r.t&I Icdu.~ries, Propel le, DtvlaionClJ' "par a~ io t i . Rqmri. No. 1FT

(Sumitorno .Kin.~Ot:1I Kogl'O 'KK, Puropera8oi,ooho) .

(Propellen;)

22 HitD.ch_'iAirc~fl CompaLl,r

Corpo",/i"" R ep" ! N o. 1 '1 I(Ilhnch; Ko~""Uk1ll:K)(Alrf rames &. Gngin",,)

'23 Jepen Interunrlonal Air Industries, l..d.

C.rpllr~p." R.t"'! N~. V t rt _(N tppou Kok uao, Ruku Kogyo h'l (j(AirfrnmCl!)

24 Japnu l\[1151~1 Ins trument l\ ,fanufac t. l! ri lig COInpsLlJ 'Cutparahon R{JPCT~No. IX

(Nippon GBkki Seize Kl{)(P<OI"'II.",)

2-5 Tu·chika,w9,Airoro(t; CompanyGorpo_nd -ol1 l i . e .pm '~ . . v o . X

(TacllLkuwnHil;"kl KIC)(Airfr.II1<!SJ

2(; FLlj l Airpln.tu! l COllJrUln"~Corpor a t ion . . / J • p or l N o . Xl

(Fuki Hikok! IrK)(Airfr~m",,)

27 Showa. Airpl!o.ueCo,npoQYCorporal·ion R fl !.o rl N o . X {f

( i ' iMwu H'"old ·Kol>l'O l{K)(A lrfrruT1C l!) ,

25 !"h iknwaj ima Alr<: ,a ll Indus!r i" " Company. L td .COFl1lu·CjUo-nRftpart No. XIII '

( l.mh""~Jimo Koku .I{ogyo J.Uo.bUEiki(Ka;ohn) . - .

(Engi " . . )

29 Nippon Airpl ane. CompanyC(} f'Pf !!~Uo'n. Rt-por~ No. X 1 ~r

(Nip pon Hikokl to\){Alrfmrlles}

30 Kyu.sb. u Ai. rp~ane .CoI. np j, lI IY _C-.ofPO"i"(J~ti11l R~or,t ; No. XIJr

(l,{,yl l.hu l lik oki KK)(Al ,f,am os)

Shuda Eugil l"edug CompllnyCa'pf Jr at iQn R r:po rl . No. X \ , , ' " 1

(Shoda $o'.aklljo)(Com po.oen••)

32 M ;tJ>ka A i •• r wL Indmkl""C<Jrpo,o!ion R~"rl No. XVf/

(1ItitB.h. Xo . ku ICogyo 1{a !} u. il ik i K ll i. ho Il '(Com ponon t.)

31

33 Ni"""l1 AutcmobJlII ComPAnyCOFp lJ r .n l ' O ft . R d -e o r~ N o . . Y " V III

(Ni"""" -Jldoahu Kl{)

(80gi"")

3 : r 1 .\rm., , . /\.ir Arsenal " , - I i . N i lV " VA i r D e po t ~COfW""li"" ((,,,on t vo .x / . '<

(A.irfrnmC$ R.!ld EngilLO;.' !)

35 Japan Air ·o rn rt Undergr oundCarpo(fjU(JII litJ.pori iVa . X X

MILITARY STUDIES

Mil itary Analysl . D;-.18;on

B""I. l \tater'lal. Di. iolon

Ai, l 'o re ,, " A ll i, ,4 wjt h t ho ' Il nt ted Sta le . ill t he WII 'AID';"" t Japtl11

62 Jnpan ""0 Ai r Pow. r .03 .fn.pJ.l.rlC$e All"'Voopons und Tagti[!S64. 'The Eff~ut or Air. Action 011 Japnneae Ground Arm.r

Logisticsfilj Ernploymcnt o f For ce s Unde r t he SOU l .h w c .e L P ad fi c

Command

0 (; T he S~r " le gic A ir O fJo,. . ~i o,, " o I V ery I le avy Born-bJl .[dmm~t i n t he War A,guinsL Japnu {TwC:tll[OlhAI., Fw'"'l .

07 Air (JpcmtiQBiIjI ln ChimJ:. Burma, Indlo-« Wrnrld \ V ' o . fU

68 Tho Air TrnIL$po:rL Command in U.lC \V.o.t Ago.ins t .

{i9 TI~:~~~rme.nth Ar~rFor ce h i the Wnr i.\gJ.l.ins-t Jnpnn70 'I'he !;icve.lLth and Eh;:\!Qllth Air FbN~ in I he \V8.r

'1'1!l~~(I; l~~ 'Wproe tn ~he W"r Agft\,,~t .1 upa n

.36 Coni and Metal. in J apan's War Econ ",ny (Vol. I)

C .pH81 Goods . E 'quJpment and Const ruct ion Div is ion

37 The Japanese Construol;ion lodust,,"

38, Japuucse Eloc";c8.1 Eql lipm~lIt

80 Tho JapR neso Machine Bul l di ng J ndust r)'

E leet rt c Po . .. r Dhi.lon7 J

10 The Elant.;" Powe r Tndusbry of Japnn

41 Tho Blce'ric Power Indu"try of Japan (Plnnt TIl>-ports) -

Nnva! Anal ys:i:s Di siston

72 '1'h"Iuterrcg ..' ; O O " of J"p'll1ese O{f;c;a.l, (Vole. J uudI I )

~~ %~~"[ f ~ f ~ ~ t ? . ; . , t ~ ~\ '~t~"~;: d75 '1'1.' .Al lied. C a . tti1 ,a.'I f.o A!lL1;n,t ;a,b. au] "7 0 The ilmor'",," Cuttip"lgn AgII'Jlst Wot:jc, M"loe[ap,

Mille, l ind J~luie (Vole. r,n find n n77 'Phe Reduction of Tru k78 'Dhe Olf~nsi"c Mine J....Y.illgC"nlJ)aign Agoins' J"i'o.n79 Ropor t of Shlps Bombnrdrncn t Survey l 'a rt j' -Fo, e-

....'0 rd t JIIteoduo bionr Con elusions, Ill! d Genom!Su m Illfliry

SO Report of Sh~~5 Bomburd men~ Survey Parft ._v{En-c losu re A 1. Kamn.ish.i A rea .~

&1 Repor t o f $ bl ps Bombardruen t Su, ,'ey Par~'" (1£,,-OIO.UfO:Il) Hmumatsu A.ro.. . _

SZ J ,le po rt 0[ Shi ps Bo'" bordm ont Survey PM'Y (1, ,, -o J " . " , " C l. H i \IIohi Area .

83 ltuport or$hiJl." .Bornbard"' "" t Survey Par ty (I' :n -clooure D), lla.ko < In IJ> AN . "

M Report of Ship . Bombar dmont Sur lf cy PaT!.}, (En-do,"re E) Muro", ,, A=

S5 I t. .c po .r t o f Sil~]S Bombard.men L SuF"·CYParty En-closnr'C l!) t Shim i.ld A~.n. .

sa R"por t of Sbip.Boonb",,] ,"OI ' L.S"T"!,Y PMty .~llil-clo",ures Q nud H), Sl1ionoll)!-s" ...kl 11f1d NOJlmo.-

Saki A , . . , . , . .

Manpowe ,. F ood and C iv il ia n Suppl ie s D lv ls lo n

42 The J ap an es e Wac timo $~" ndDr<! o f L iv in g and U til i,:.rotion o f Ma rl p owe r

Mil it ary Suppl ies Dlv i. lon

43 .r "paD"". , War Prod uct ion IIIdus t r ies

< l4 Jpanese l ' ) ' tL val Or<!uan Co

~5 JUPRDc"" Army Ordnance

~6 J pnnese 1 I I1w<I IS! l \P bu il drug .

4.7 Japanese Motor- VelliQ.le Indu.:;,~ry

~8 Jap", ". 5O \VI e ,eh"o' Sh. ;pbuil di " g

Oll an d Chemienl Dii.ion

49 Chcwjc.nl~ iii In.panls \,Vnr

50 Chemical;!:! ill Japnul:3 War-Appt:=lIdix

51 Oil i n Japon'. War

52 Oil ' " J81"""'. Wm-Allpendi,

OveraU Economic EJI"ects Division

53 Tim Bffects of St,ategic Bombiog on J"patl'. War"Ee:tlnomy (Illd.uding· Appendix A: U~S. ECOI10UJic

IntoUj,gence on Jarml1.~An[Llysis o.nd Comparisoll j

Ap!>"Il dL '<B: Gr09" N "'tional Prod.ue' On Japa 11snd It:!! ComponCl1t..fl; Appc..tJd.ix C~ Shlliili~icnlSO"",.o),

Transport.o.tion Dfyj'sion

51 Tho \Var }\g.. in~~ JU1'"nose Trn"sport1l\ion, 1041.--1945

Urban Arens Division

fi 5 E 1I 'c et B o f .Air A U ac k 0 .1 .1 :B p Bn cs c U rb nf L B _ c: uo uo my(Su mflln ,y R.I>O,t)

56 Elr~o\. of ALeA ~tauk 0" Urb"" COO>l'J, , ' Tobiyo-l\.awBffiki- Yokohamn.

. ')7 Effcc1".~of Air At..to.c.k on ~ ho Oi ty Ci r·ilngoyn58 E .I f, ec ts o f A ir . J . \r . ( ,l 1 c l' i ' O r l Q:;saka,..I{obe.l(yoto

!iO Eff ect. o f }\j, , lt la6k on t il o Cit y 'of Nngf1 ll nk l

0 0 E. ff" eel l 1 l i or A it ALtli.clf (311 the City of H ir·lJ:!!Ih:in.tl

24

87 Rupo; ~ o f 511 J.l '"Bembardmau t Surv~y P . .r ~y {En -closure !1l Comments :Q.;lld Dut il . ou BIfc.cti'l,lCiICS:!i

of Ammualucn88 I le p ." 't . · o r Shit'S ..Bcmburdment SUFvey Pa,o y (En -

closure J).I Com:r.t ifJ:n~und Data on Acc.urscy orFiring

89 : r u .p< lr t s o f $Il lp . l lombnrdm"oL Sur ,, "y Par ly (En-closure ill. E ffe cts o f Sur fa ce Bombur dru eru s em. ju pu ne se 1 ·l '" or Potential

Physical Damage Djvi!il iort

9 0 E ff ec t o f th e 100"ml ; nr)' Born b A.t!:8okllon J~P" 11 (n.

T l ~ o m ' : " ~ : ' : r i ~ ~ !:~"'tbollSJl.nd POUlJd Bomb 00

Jnpanesc Torge ll s ( " Report on NiD.O}Jlcid.n",)I f,! Eli'"" .. 0 r t he ,~Iomie Bomb on l li ro .rum", Japan93 ElIee ts of r .baAt<>mc Bomb on Nogl t. ""kI , J pall94 Elr""l,,~f th e Fou r Tbo ", and Pound Bomb on J ap a-

nese TM!(llta (0 Hepcrt. all JiIl'1! Lnoident;/l)O.'J E!rcets {; r ' l' wo T ho us an d, O ne T ho lJ !3 1l1 Jd, nnd Fi 1,,1'c

H" ndr cd Pou nd Dom b. On Japan""" Ta!"gJl!li {a,Repor. on Ei.., :bt Incidental

90. A Report. on Ph~sj{; fi l Dn!n!l.gl!' in : J J l p . . . · U l (.SIJ~l1rnary

:RopO' ! . )

9]

G-2' Di v is i .on

97 Jnpanese Millln,y nnd N.nvIlII"tel1igenoc98 Evalu~t ;"" o r l'botob'1""ph;c Intc1li,geo"" in tit.. Jape-

u es e HQm e. ll ll nd j P ar t Ir C( jmpr ,e . hB1i4 ix tJR tpo . '99 Evaluat ion ·o r Phot"I!1"IlPllio Intalligcncn in the J"po-

nesc Homel andt -Pnrt IT, AJrfiddl: _Evaluatlcu of Pnolog"'plli<o Intelligence in the J,,]: '.-no"" Homel and, Por t I II , Compur.rt BombPfoh"fl

Evnluatfou o r l'llOW!l!""phio Infellig ..u .. in the Japa-

n es e Homela nd , P ar t IV, O r ba n A re a. A-nalymE".oluntion of Photo!l!"nphio Into.lli!>'Cncein the Jepn-nese Home] und , Ps r.t V, CaJjHJuJla{J~

Evaluat ion of P[u>logrnphic . Iutell lgcnee In ,h. Ja'P"~n c sc Ho r n el ! l. n dJ . Pa rt V II Shl:pping

Bvaluetlon o f P hotog,aphic I ntcll~ee in the J apn-nesc Hemelnod, 1 'a r, VB, EI<d,onics

]E,'o.IUBtiO n of Photog"ap to io Io t el li ~en . . i n t he JD"~n c z: . c,H omel o .n d , PDJ' t -V 1I I; I B e :q d l. I fj__(clliQerHz

E".lliuat.[on Q f Photog:rilnW-c. Inl.elJigl'lllee in tlm Ja))8.-n.. ., Homol ~nd, Part· rx, ,tTl ill.,y

Evn]u"l ioo of Photograp hie Int el ! i g"""" i n t he Jup"-n ... Home land, I'm x, Rootk aod R.il,ootk

·Evaluation or I'hol0!l !"apbic Into. ll igcno" in the hl'Il -l1e.SCHolne:landjo PB:rt All imlU,8tria.£ Analyti.s:

100

101

103

10~

105

lOG

107

lOS

25

Date post:	07-Apr-2018
Category:	Documents
Upload:	japanairraids
View:	220 times
Download:	0 times

USSBS Report 69, The Thirteenth Air Force in the War Against Japan

Documents