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usually composed oppositely charged metallic cations and nonmetallic anions that form ionic bonds
+ cations
- anions
Na “gives” Cl one electron and now both atoms have a full valence shell (electron configuration of a noble gas)
Na 1+ + F 1- NaF
shows the kinds and numbers of atoms in the lowest whole-number ratio of ions in the ionic compoundNa 1+ + Cl 1- NaClCa 2+ + 2(Cl 1- ) CaCl2Mg 2+ + O 2- MgO
Mg and N? it takes two
nitrogens to combine with three magnesiumsMg3N2
magnesium nitride
form crystal lattices at room temperature (repeating three dimensional patterns)
the coordination numberof a ion is the # of ions that surround an ion withthe opposite charge
high melting points can conduct electric currents when
melted or dissolved in water will shatter if impacted or crushed
http://www.seas.upenn.edu/~chem101/sschem/bravais.gif
http://www.tufts.edu/as/engdept/resources/Prof_Pages/images/crystals.jpg
valence electrons are like a “sea of electrons that can drift freelybonds result from the attraction between
these electrons and the positively charged metal ions
Therefore metals have the following characteristics….
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http://www.hearthsong.com/assets/images/hearthsong/images/shop/catalog/724137.jpg
http://lib1.store.vip.sc5.yahoo.com/lib/bettercablesdotcom/conductivity.jpg
http://www.petcremationnevada.com/images/glassceramicImpression.jpg
mixtures composed of two or more elements (at least one is a metal)
properties superior to those of their component elements
-stronger / harder-more lustrous-more conductive-more resistant to corrosion
Sterling Silver ------
Cast Iron -----------
Stainless Steel ----
Bronze -------------
Ag (92.5%) Cu (7.5 %)
Fe (96%) and C (4%)
Fe (80.6 %), Cr (18%), C (0.4%), Ni (1%)Cu (86%) and Sn (14%)