Utilization of remote sensing data for operational
services at INCOIS
By
Aneesh Lotliker, Ph.D. ([email protected])
Advisory Services and Satellite Oceanography Group (ASG)
User Interaction Meet
National Remote Sensing Centre, ISRO
21-22, February, 2013
Ministry of Earth Sciences
Earth System Organization
India Meteorological
Department
SECRETARY, MoES IS THE CHAIRMAN OF EARTH COMMISSION & ESO
HON. MINISTR FOR EARTH SCIENCES
Earth Commission
Secretariat
NIOT
NCAOR
INCOIS
IITM
CMLRE
ICMAM
NCMRWF
EREC
Program Offices
The Mission To provide the Ocean Information and Advisory Services to Society,
Industry, Government Agencies and Scientific Community through
Sustained Ocean Observations and Constant improvements through
Systematic and Focussed Research.
Ocean science and
Modeling
Remote Sensing Satellites
Oceansat-1(1999)
Ocean Colour Monitor
Oceansat-2 (2009)
Ocean Colour Monitor,
Scatterometer
Foreign Satellites
In-situ Observations
• Argo Profiling Floats
• Data Buoys
• Current Meter Arrays
• XBTs, Tide gauges
• Sea Truth
Satellite
Oceanography
National Infrastructure Network
Potential Fishing Zone Advisory Services
Ocean State Forecast Services
Early Warning for Tsunami and Storm Surges
Contribution to Weather/Monsoon/Climate Forecast
Value-added Services for Coastal Management
Information Bank & Web-based Service
Fishing Community
Ports and Harbours
Off-shore and Shipping
IMD, Navy, NHO,
Coast Guards
Coastal States
Research Institutions
Academia
Ocean Observation & Information Services
International Interface
RS – Satellite Data Reception Stations
Eddies, Rings, Meanders
Tongue/Mushroom features
Upwelling ,Thermal Fronts
Daily operational forecasts from INCOIS
using real-time satellite data
(non-monsoon, non-ban season)
Potential Fishing Zone Advisory Service
Data Source
Chlorophyll OCM-2 & MODIS-Aqua
SST NOAA-AVHRR & MODIS-Aqua
Wind NCMRWF forecasted wind
PFZ dissemination Potential Fishing Zone Advisory Service
• Tuna Potential of the Indian EEZ: 2,78,000 MT
• Annual Catch: 40,000 MT
• Forecast started with RS and in-situ data on
experimental Basis
• Developed methodology based on Hind-cast
Experiments
• 503 catch details from 12 vessels
• Advisories in similar lines to PFZ
• Advisories to Long-line vessels weekly thrice
on every Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday
through e-mails.
• Operationalized from November 2010 onwards
• Dedicated web pages for dissemination of the
advisories (Feb 2011)
Tuna Fishery Forecast Map & Text
Species Specific advisories for Tuna
Standard Products:
1. Quasi-True Color (QTCC)
2. Chlorophyll (CHL)
3. Downwelling diffuse attenuation
coefficient at 490 nm (Kd490)
4. Sea Surface Temperature (SST)
5. CDOM_index
6. Fluorescence Line Height (FLH)
7. Particulate Organic Carbon (POC)
8. Particulate Inorganic Carbon (PIC)
9. Photosynthetically Available
Radiation (PAR)
10. Instantaneous PAR (IPAR)
11. Aerosol optical thickness at 869 nm
(AOT869)
12. Angstrom exponent
Value Added Products:
1. Bloom Index (BI)
2. Total Suspended Matter (TSM)
3. Rolled Product (3, 7 & 30 Days)
4. Anomaly of CHL and SST (30 Days)
NRT generation and dissemination of satellite ocean colour products
Sampling Frequency: bi-monthly Sampling parameters: Apparent optical properties Inherent optical properties (aph,
adg, aCDOM) Chl & TSM Water quality parameters
(nutrients & DO) Aerosol optical thickness (AOT) Meteorological parameters
Collaboration: NIO-Goa, Goa University, Mangalore University, CIFT-Kochi, Annamalai University, IIT-Madras, Andhra University, Berhampur University, Jadhavpur University
SATellite Coastal and Ocenographic REsearch (SATCORE)
In situ network
water types
Evaluation of Chlorophyll algorithms using in situ data
R^2 S I r RMSE APD RPD UPD FMIN FMED FMAX
OC3M 0.68 0.69 0.16 1.5 0.37 50.4 -4.8 17.1 0.44 1.04 2.45
OC3C 0.66 0.64 0.11 1.7 0.39 41.0 17.2 29.8 0.50 1.21 2.94
OC4 0.70 0.67 0.10 1.7 0.37 35.9 16.3 26.7 0.53 1.22 2.82
OC4O 0.65 0.63 0.07 1.9 0.41 40.3 23.6 36.5 0.56 1.36 3.34
OC4E 0.67 0.67 0.10 1.7 0.38 37.2 16.6 27.7 0.5 1.2 2.88
OCM2 0.54 0.54 0.35 1.2 0.45 47.1 3.26 30.1 0.29 0.82 2.29
∆
○
Evaluation of Chlorophyll algorithms using in situ data
Evaluation of Chlorophyll algorithms using MODIS-Aqua data
Location Specific High Wave Alerts
Ocean State Forecasts - waves
1. FORECASTS OF WAVE CHARACTERISTICS
(significant wave height, wave direction, swell height and direction, wave period etc)
2. PREDICTIONS OF GENERAL CIRCULATIONS FEATURES
(sea surface temperature and currents, mixed layer depth, thermocline depth)
3. TIDE PREDICTIONS
(astronomical tidal elevations at several locations along the coast)
4. VALUE ADDED SERVICES
(wind and wave atlas, specific services for maritime boards etc)
5. HIGH WAVE ALERTS
(during cyclones and other extreme weather conditions)
6. SPECIFIC SERVICES FOR ISLANDS
(wave forecasts for Andaman, Nicobar and Lakswadeep islands)
PROPOSED PRODUCTS
1. Temperature and salinity profiles
2. Oil spill advisories
3. Very high resolution coastal predictions of waves, temperature and currents
4. Water quality predictions
Ocean State Forecasts - Products
Final Map in Atlas
In-situ Observations Eg. Andaman Island
Digitally classified Eco-morphological Map
Malvan
Gulf of Kuchchh
Malvan
Gulf of Mannar
A & N Islands
North Reef Island
Satellite Data IRS LISS-IV/III Study Sites
This work has been carried out in collaboration with SAC as part of the National Program of MoEF on “Coastal Zone Studies”
Objective: Generation of the eco-morphological maps of the study area on 1:25000 scale
Satellite data pertaining to the period 2005-2008 were selected from IRS LISS-IV and LISS-III
This stands as baseline data
Atlas comprising total 156 maps on 1:25000 scale maps prepared
Coral reef Mapping and Monitoring
Coral Bleaching Alerts
Bleaching threshold
Tem
per
atu
re a
no
mal
y (°
C)
Coral Bleach Alerts
Parameter Data
Geomorphology IRS LISS-IV
Slope GEBCO
Elevation SRTM
Tidal Range Astronomical tide from WXTide-32
Shoreline Change Rate Landsat data and IRS LISS-III/IV
Historical Sea Level PSMSL data from GLOSS
Significant Wave Height Simulated data from Mike model
INCOIS, (2012). Coastal Vulnerability Atlas of India. INCOIS-ASG-CGAM-CV-2012-
01, Pages 212, Maps 156, INCOIS, Hyderabad, India. ISBN 978-81-923474-0-0.
CVI Atlas comprising 156 maps
released on 10/05/2012
Coastal Vulnerability Indices
Shoreline change assessment has been carried out for the period 1972-2008 using Landsat and IRS LISS-III data
Shorelines Shoreline change rate
Shoreline Change Studies of Lakshadweep Islands
• ALTM data available for the coasts Paradeep- Kochi with spatial resolution 1-5 m and vertical accuracy 15-35 cm
• Carto-DTM available for the Indian Mainland with spatial resolution 10 m.
• Bathymetry data available from NHO and other Survey for some areas
Base Data Used
Base data for the Tsunami Modelling and vulnerability Mapping
• Inclusion and utilization of additional
parameters for supporting un-interrupted PFZ
advisories – Altimeter Data for detection of Eddies, Fronts and Surface Currents
– Scatterometer Data for Wind Speed and Direction
– Model derived products
• Thermocline Information
• Mixed Layer Depth
• Surface Currents
• Sea Surface Temperature
• Chlorophyll-a
PFZ: Future Plans
The proposed methodology
integrates the three primary
bloom indicators: BI, RCA
and SST anomaly
Phase
I
Information
Service
Data source: Single sensor (MODIS-Aqua)
Phase
II
Data source: Multi-sensor (MODIS-Aqua / OCM-II / VIIRS / AVHRR ect.)
Phase
III
Advisory
Service
Incorporation of sea surface current & wind data from various available sources
Tracking bloom movement
Phase
IV
Incorporation of modeling component
Decision support system
Prediction system
Scheme for Detection and Monitoring of HABs
Algal bloom observed on 19th October 2011 has been moving towards north around 50Kms
within 48Hrs with an average speed of 1Km/hr.
21 Oct 2011, 11:50 Z
Chlorophyll-a (mg/m3)
19 Oct 2011, 11:50 Z
Chlorophyll-a (mg/m3)
Algal boom feature shift ~ 50 km.
19, 21 Oct 2011 blended image
Monitoring HABs using OCM-2 data
Temperature
Salinity
Sea Surface Height
Currents
Ocean Analysis from Real time INCOIS-GODAS (RIG)
Root Mean Square Error in surface zonal currents (cm/s) of INCOIS-GODAS (w.r.to OSCAR)
NCEP-R2 wind forcing QuikSCAT wind forcing
NCEP-R2 wind forcing QuikSCAT wind forcing
JJAS seasonal mean (vectors) and bias (shaded, Model – Observation) of INCOIS-GODAS surface currents w.r.to OSCAR
QuikSCAT winds not available after nov-2009.
OSCAT L3 or L4 gridded winds on real time?????
Results from Ravichandran et al., 2013, Ocean Modelling
Projection Problem: Mismatch in coastline
16 Oct 2011 13 Feb 2012
Issues with OCM-2 data handling
Striping problem
Issues with OCM-2 data handling
South Andhra
