UTILIZING UTILIZING INTERPERTERINTERPERTER

SSSSG TURNERSSG TURNER

561 MILITARY POLICE 561 MILITARY POLICE COMPANYCOMPANY

TASK: TASK: BE INSTRUCTED ON HOW BEST TO BE INSTRUCTED ON HOW BEST TO UTILIZE INTERPERTERSUTILIZE INTERPERTERS

CONDITION: CONDITION: GIVEN A CLASSROOM GIVEN A CLASSROOM ENVIROMENT, MOTIVATED ENVIROMENT, MOTIVATED

SOLDIER, SOLDIER, PEN AND PAPERPEN AND PAPER

STANDARD: STANDARD: LEARN HOW TO AFFECTLY LEARN HOW TO AFFECTLY UTILIZE AND COMMUNICATE WITH DOD UTILIZE AND COMMUNICATE WITH DOD INTERPERTER, COMPLETE CHECK ON INTERPERTER, COMPLETE CHECK ON LEARNINGLEARNING

AGENDAAGENDAPART IPART I

CATEGORIESCATEGORIES TYPESTYPES RESPONSIBILITIESRESPONSIBILITIES CULTURAL AND RELIGIOUS CULTURAL AND RELIGIOUS

CONSIDERATIONSCONSIDERATIONS BEHAVIORBEHAVIOR OPSECOPSEC BATTLEFIELD ACQUISTIONBATTLEFIELD ACQUISTION

BACKGROUNDBACKGROUND

MOST US MILITARY OPERATIONS ARE CONDUCTED MOST US MILITARY OPERATIONS ARE CONDUCTED ON FOREIGN SOIL AND SERVICE MEMBERS ON FOREIGN SOIL AND SERVICE MEMBERS TYPICALLY LACK THE ABILITY TO COMMUNICATE TYPICALLY LACK THE ABILITY TO COMMUNICATE EFFECTIVELY WITH THE LOCAL POPULACE WITHIN EFFECTIVELY WITH THE LOCAL POPULACE WITHIN THE AREA OF OPERATIONS (AO). THE USE OF THE AREA OF OPERATIONS (AO). THE USE OF INTERPRETERS AND TRANSLATORS IS OFTEN THE INTERPRETERS AND TRANSLATORS IS OFTEN THE BEST OR ONLY OPTION BUT MUST BE CONSIDERED A BEST OR ONLY OPTION BUT MUST BE CONSIDERED A LESS THAN SATISFACTORY SUBSTITUTE FOR DIRECT LESS THAN SATISFACTORY SUBSTITUTE FOR DIRECT COMMUNICATION. THEREFORE, THE PRPER USE AND COMMUNICATION. THEREFORE, THE PRPER USE AND SUPERVISION OF INTERPRETERS AND TRANSLATORS SUPERVISION OF INTERPRETERS AND TRANSLATORS CAN PLAY A DECISIVE ROLE IN THE MISSION.CAN PLAY A DECISIVE ROLE IN THE MISSION.

CATEGORIESCATEGORIES

CATEGORY I (CAT I): CAT I INTERPRETERS ARE USUALLY CATEGORY I (CAT I): CAT I INTERPRETERS ARE USUALLY LOCAL NATIONALS, BUT MAY BE U.S. CITIZENS WHO LOCAL NATIONALS, BUT MAY BE U.S. CITIZENS WHO CANNOT BE CLEARED FOR SECURITY. ALL CAT I TERPS CANNOT BE CLEARED FOR SECURITY. ALL CAT I TERPS WILL BE RESCREENED BY CI EVERY SIX MONTHS AT A WILL BE RESCREENED BY CI EVERY SIX MONTHS AT A MINIMUM. CAT I TERPS ARE PROFICIENT IN A PARTICULAR MINIMUM. CAT I TERPS ARE PROFICIENT IN A PARTICULAR LANGUAGE AND POSSESS AN ADVANCED WORKIN LANGUAGE AND POSSESS AN ADVANCED WORKIN KNOWLEDGE OF ENGLISH.KNOWLEDGE OF ENGLISH.

CAT I TERPS MAY BE ALLOWED MEDICAL CARE AND PX CAT I TERPS MAY BE ALLOWED MEDICAL CARE AND PX PRIVILEGESPRIVILEGES

CAT I TERPS ARE NOT ALLOWED MILITARY POSTAL CAT I TERPS ARE NOT ALLOWED MILITARY POSTAL PRIVILEGESPRIVILEGES

CATEGORIESCATEGORIES

CATEGORY II (CAT II): CAT II TERPS ARE U.S. CATEGORY II (CAT II): CAT II TERPS ARE U.S. CITIZENS (OFTEN CONTRACTOR PROVIDED) WHO CITIZENS (OFTEN CONTRACTOR PROVIDED) WHO HAVE A SECRET SECURITY CLEARANCE OR HAVE A SECRET SECURITY CLEARANCE OR ACCESS MEMORANDUM.ACCESS MEMORANDUM.

CAT II TERPS ARE PROFICIENT IN A PARTICULAR CAT II TERPS ARE PROFICIENT IN A PARTICULAR TARGET LANGUAGE AND POSSESS AN ADVANCED TARGET LANGUAGE AND POSSESS AN ADVANCED WORKING KNOWLEDGE OF ENGLISHWORKING KNOWLEDGE OF ENGLISH

CAT II TERPS MAY BE AUTHORIZED HOUSING, CAT II TERPS MAY BE AUTHORIZED HOUSING, CHOW, MEDICAL AND DENTAL CARE, PX CHOW, MEDICAL AND DENTAL CARE, PX PRIVILEGES, MWR, AND MILITARY POSTAL PRIVILEGES, MWR, AND MILITARY POSTAL SERVICE.SERVICE.

CATEGORIESCATEGORIES

CATEGORY III (CAT III): CAT III TERPS ARE U.S. CATEGORY III (CAT III): CAT III TERPS ARE U.S. CITIZENS WHO HAVE A TOP SECRET SECURITY CITIZENS WHO HAVE A TOP SECRET SECURITY CLEARANCE. CLEARANCE.

CAT III TERPS ARE PROFICIENT IN A PARTICULAR CAT III TERPS ARE PROFICIENT IN A PARTICULAR TARGET LANGUAGE AND POSSESS AN ADVANCED TARGET LANGUAGE AND POSSESS AN ADVANCED WORKING KNOWLEDGE OF ENGLISHWORKING KNOWLEDGE OF ENGLISH

CAT III TERPS MAY BE AUTHORIZED HOUSING, CAT III TERPS MAY BE AUTHORIZED HOUSING, CHOW, MEDICAL AND DENTAL CARE, PX CHOW, MEDICAL AND DENTAL CARE, PX PRIVILEGES, MWR, AND MILITARY POSTAL PRIVILEGES, MWR, AND MILITARY POSTAL SERVICE.SERVICE.

TYPES OF INTERPRETERSTYPES OF INTERPRETERS

CONTRACTOR PROVIDEDCONTRACTOR PROVIDED MILITARY LINGUISTSMILITARY LINGUISTS UNOFFICIALUNOFFICIAL

CONTRACTOR PROVIDEDCONTRACTOR PROVIDED

ALL CATEGORIES MAY BE CONTRACTOR ALL CATEGORIES MAY BE CONTRACTOR PROVIDED. OCCASIONALLY CAT I PROVIDED. OCCASIONALLY CAT I TERPS ARE PROVIDED UNDER A TERPS ARE PROVIDED UNDER A CONTRACT ADMINISTERED BY A CONTRACT ADMINISTERED BY A MILITARY ORGANIZATION. CAT I TERPS MILITARY ORGANIZATION. CAT I TERPS CAN ALSO BE LOCALS HIRED BY UNIT CAN ALSO BE LOCALS HIRED BY UNIT FIELD ORDERING OFFICERS OR FIELD ORDERING OFFICERS OR CONTRACTING OFFICERS TO MEET AN CONTRACTING OFFICERS TO MEET AN IMMEDIATE NEED.IMMEDIATE NEED.

CONTRACTOR PROVIDEDCONTRACTOR PROVIDED

UNITS SHOULD BE PROVIDED A CONTRACTOR POC UNITS SHOULD BE PROVIDED A CONTRACTOR POC WITHIN THE REGION FOR CONTRACTOR PROVIDED WITHIN THE REGION FOR CONTRACTOR PROVIDED TERPS AND TRANSLATORS. THE POC CAN ASSIST TERPS AND TRANSLATORS. THE POC CAN ASSIST IN RESOLVING ISSUES CONCERNING THE TERP’S IN RESOLVING ISSUES CONCERNING THE TERP’S PERFORMANCE, BEHAVIOR, SECURITY ISSUES, PERFORMANCE, BEHAVIOR, SECURITY ISSUES, PAY, AND REMOVAL PROCESS. THESE PERSONNEL PAY, AND REMOVAL PROCESS. THESE PERSONNEL DO NOT GOVERN THE ACTUAL DAY TO DAY USE DO NOT GOVERN THE ACTUAL DAY TO DAY USE OF THE TERPS, HOWEVER, THE CONTRACTOR OF THE TERPS, HOWEVER, THE CONTRACTOR SUPERVISOR SHOULD BE VERY INVOLVED IN THE SUPERVISOR SHOULD BE VERY INVOLVED IN THE DAY TO DAY USE OF TERPS. THE CONTRACTOR DAY TO DAY USE OF TERPS. THE CONTRACTOR PROVIDES A MANAGEMENT TEAM TO MANAGE THE PROVIDES A MANAGEMENT TEAM TO MANAGE THE CONTRACTOR PROVIDED TERPS.CONTRACTOR PROVIDED TERPS.

MILITARY LINGUISTSMILITARY LINGUISTS

LINGUISTS ARE MEMBERS OF THE DOD, LINGUISTS ARE MEMBERS OF THE DOD, FORMALLY TRAINED IN A LANGUAGE. FORMALLY TRAINED IN A LANGUAGE. MILITARY LINGUISTS’ CAPABILITIES MILITARY LINGUISTS’ CAPABILITIES RANGE FROM A BASIC RANGE FROM A BASIC UNDERSTANDING OF THE LANGUAGE UNDERSTANDING OF THE LANGUAGE TO FLUENCY IN THAT LANGUAGE. TO FLUENCY IN THAT LANGUAGE. MILITARY LINGUISTS ARE TESTED AND MILITARY LINGUISTS ARE TESTED AND RECEICE A RATING FROM ZERO TO FIVE RECEICE A RATING FROM ZERO TO FIVE IN READING, LISTENING, AND SPEAKING IN READING, LISTENING, AND SPEAKING SKILLS.SKILLS.

UNOFFICIALUNOFFICIAL

UNOFFICIAL TERPS ARE PERSONNEL WITH UNOFFICIAL TERPS ARE PERSONNEL WITH THE DOD WHO ARE SERVING IN SOME OTHER THE DOD WHO ARE SERVING IN SOME OTHER CAPACITY AND ARE ‘HERITAGE OR NATIVE’ CAPACITY AND ARE ‘HERITAGE OR NATIVE’ SPEAKERS OF A LANGUAGE. SUCH SPEAKERS OF A LANGUAGE. SUCH PERSONNEL HAVE GENERALLY OBTAINED PERSONNEL HAVE GENERALLY OBTAINED THEIR LANGUAGE SKILLS FROM THEIR FAMILY THEIR LANGUAGE SKILLS FROM THEIR FAMILY HERITAGE AND CULTURE. SUCH PERSONNEL HERITAGE AND CULTURE. SUCH PERSONNEL OFTEN WORK IN OTHER SPECIALTIES AND OFTEN WORK IN OTHER SPECIALTIES AND MAY NOT HAVE PROFICIENCY IN SPECIFIC MAY NOT HAVE PROFICIENCY IN SPECIFIC LOCAL DIALECTS.LOCAL DIALECTS.

RESPONSIBILITIESRESPONSIBILITIES

REMEMBER THAT THE TERPS WORK REMEMBER THAT THE TERPS WORK FOR THE CONTRACTOR AND ARE FOR THE CONTRACTOR AND ARE NOT EMPLOYEES OF THE NOT EMPLOYEES OF THE GOVERNMENT. SERVICES ARE GOVERNMENT. SERVICES ARE PROVIDED WITHIN THE SCOPE OF PROVIDED WITHIN THE SCOPE OF WORK DEFINED IN THE WORK DEFINED IN THE PERFORMANCE WORK STATEMENTS PERFORMANCE WORK STATEMENTS AND CONTRACT.AND CONTRACT.

RESPONSIBILITIESRESPONSIBILITIES

IAW THE FEDERAL ACQUISITION IAW THE FEDERAL ACQUISITION REGULATION (FAR 37.104) UNITS WILL REGULATION (FAR 37.104) UNITS WILL NOT DEIRECTLY COUNSEL OR PROVIDE NOT DEIRECTLY COUNSEL OR PROVIDE TERPS WITH ANY TYPE OF COUNSELING OR TERPS WITH ANY TYPE OF COUNSELING OR EVALUATION.EVALUATION.

UNITS WILL PROVIDE FOR THE TERPS’ UNITS WILL PROVIDE FOR THE TERPS’ SAFETY AND SECURITY. TERPS WILL NOT SAFETY AND SECURITY. TERPS WILL NOT CARRY WEAPONS OR OPERATE MILITARY CARRY WEAPONS OR OPERATE MILITARY VEHICLES AND EQUIPMENT.VEHICLES AND EQUIPMENT.

RESPONSIBILITIESRESPONSIBILITIES

UNITS WILL GENERALLY PROVIDE ALL REQUIRED UNITS WILL GENERALLY PROVIDE ALL REQUIRED SUPPLIES AND EQUIPMENT FOR THE TERPS SUPPLIES AND EQUIPMENT FOR THE TERPS SERVICES INCLUDING NOTEBOOKS AND PENS, SERVICES INCLUDING NOTEBOOKS AND PENS, COMPUTERS, AND OFFICE SPACE.COMPUTERS, AND OFFICE SPACE.

UNITS ARE ENCOURAGED TO WELCOME NEW UNITS ARE ENCOURAGED TO WELCOME NEW TERPS BY PROVIDING A BRIEF DESCRIP[TION OF TERPS BY PROVIDING A BRIEF DESCRIP[TION OF THEIR RESPONSIBILITIES, AS WELL AS UNIT AND THEIR RESPONSIBILITIES, AS WELL AS UNIT AND BASE CAMP POLICIES.BASE CAMP POLICIES.

UNITS ARE ENCOURAGE TO PROVIDE NBC UNITS ARE ENCOURAGE TO PROVIDE NBC TRAINING AND FORCE PROTECTION TRAINING.TRAINING AND FORCE PROTECTION TRAINING.

CULTURAL AND RELIGIOUS CULTURAL AND RELIGIOUS CONSIDERATIONSCONSIDERATIONS

WHEN SUPPLYING TERPS, UNITS WHEN SUPPLYING TERPS, UNITS SHOULD BE AWARE OF CULTURAL SHOULD BE AWARE OF CULTURAL AND RELIGIOUS DIFFERENCES AND AND RELIGIOUS DIFFERENCES AND LOCAL POPULACE SENSITIVITIES TO LOCAL POPULACE SENSITIVITIES TO CERTAIN NATIONALITIES / CERTAIN NATIONALITIES / ETHNICITIES.ETHNICITIES.

BEHAVIORBEHAVIOR

CERTAIN BEHAVIOR PATTERNS OF CERTAIN BEHAVIOR PATTERNS OF U.S. AND WESTERN NATIONS MAY BE U.S. AND WESTERN NATIONS MAY BE OFFENSIVE TO OTHER CULTURES. OFFENSIVE TO OTHER CULTURES. UNITS CAN MORE EFFECTIVELY USE UNITS CAN MORE EFFECTIVELY USE THE TERPS IF THEY IDENTIFY AND THE TERPS IF THEY IDENTIFY AND AVOID ANY POTENTIAL OFFENSIVE AVOID ANY POTENTIAL OFFENSIVE BEHAVIORS.BEHAVIORS.

OPSECOPSEC

TERPS ARE A PRIMARY SECURITY RISKTERPS ARE A PRIMARY SECURITY RISK ONCE BRIEFED, ISOLATE THE TERP UNTIL THE ONCE BRIEFED, ISOLATE THE TERP UNTIL THE

MISSION IS COMPLETEMISSION IS COMPLETE TERPS SHOULD REMAIN WITH THE SOLDIER AT TERPS SHOULD REMAIN WITH THE SOLDIER AT

ALL TIMESALL TIMES TERP SHOULD COMMUNICATE ONLY IN ENGLISHTERP SHOULD COMMUNICATE ONLY IN ENGLISH TERPS SHOULD NOT ENGATGE IN CONVERSATION TERPS SHOULD NOT ENGATGE IN CONVERSATION

WITH OTHER LOCALSWITH OTHER LOCALS TERPS SHOULD NOT HAVE ACCESS TO PHONE OR TERPS SHOULD NOT HAVE ACCESS TO PHONE OR

EMAILEMAIL CAT I AND CAT II TERPS SHOULD HAVE CAT I AND CAT II TERPS SHOULD HAVE

SERPERATE LIVING QUARTERSSERPERATE LIVING QUARTERS

ADMIN NOTEADMIN NOTE

UNLESS WAR IS FORMALLY UNLESS WAR IS FORMALLY DECLARED, CONTRACTORS ARE NOT DECLARED, CONTRACTORS ARE NOT GOVERNED BY THE UCMJ AND MAY GOVERNED BY THE UCMJ AND MAY FALL UNDER HOST NATION LAWS FALL UNDER HOST NATION LAWS AND PROCEDURES.AND PROCEDURES.

BATTLEFIELD ACQUISTIONBATTLEFIELD ACQUISTION

ENSURE THAT UNIT MEMBERS UNDERSTAND THAT SUCH ENSURE THAT UNIT MEMBERS UNDERSTAND THAT SUCH INDIVIDUALS HAVE NOT BEEN SCREENED AND MAY HAVE INDIVIDUALS HAVE NOT BEEN SCREENED AND MAY HAVE OTHER MOTIVESOTHER MOTIVES

KEEP LOCALLY HIRED AND UNSCREENED TERPS AWAY KEEP LOCALLY HIRED AND UNSCREENED TERPS AWAY FROM WEAPONS, SINSITIVE AREAS, AND CLASSIFIED INFO. FROM WEAPONS, SINSITIVE AREAS, AND CLASSIFIED INFO. YOU MAY NOT BE SURE WHOM THIS PERSON TRULY IS YOU MAY NOT BE SURE WHOM THIS PERSON TRULY IS WORKING FORWORKING FOR

ASSIGN ARMED ESCORTS TO SUCH TERPS TO PROTECT HIM ASSIGN ARMED ESCORTS TO SUCH TERPS TO PROTECT HIM FROM REPRISALS AND PROTECT YOUR FELLOW SOLDIERSFROM REPRISALS AND PROTECT YOUR FELLOW SOLDIERS

INSIST THAT TERPS ASK FOR CLARIFICATION IF THEY ARE INSIST THAT TERPS ASK FOR CLARIFICATION IF THEY ARE UNSURE OF THE COMMUNICATION. IN SOME CULTURES, IT UNSURE OF THE COMMUNICATION. IN SOME CULTURES, IT IS EMBARRASSING TO ADMIT THAT YOU DO NOT KNOW IS EMBARRASSING TO ADMIT THAT YOU DO NOT KNOW SOMETHINGSOMETHING

NEVER, NEVER, EVER ALLOW TERPS TO OPERATE ON THEIR NEVER, NEVER, EVER ALLOW TERPS TO OPERATE ON THEIR OWNOWN

10 MINUTE 10 MINUTE BREAKBREAK

AGENDAAGENDAPART IIPART II

CHARACTERISTICSCHARACTERISTICS ORIENTATION AND TRAININGORIENTATION AND TRAINING MEETINGSMEETINGS BEHAVIORSBEHAVIORS POST MEETING ACTIONSPOST MEETING ACTIONS OTHER CONSIDERATIONSOTHER CONSIDERATIONS

CHARACTERISTICSCHARACTERISTICS

GENDER AND RACE: GENDER AND RACE: GENDER AND RACE HAVE THE POTENTIAL TO GENDER AND RACE HAVE THE POTENTIAL TO

SERIOUSLY AFFECT THE MISSION. FOR EXAMPLE, SERIOUSLY AFFECT THE MISSION. FOR EXAMPLE, IN PREDOMINANTLY MUSLIM COUNTRIES, IN PREDOMINANTLY MUSLIM COUNTRIES, CULTURAL PROHIBITIONS MAY MAKE A FEMALE CULTURAL PROHIBITIONS MAY MAKE A FEMALE TERP INEFFECTIVE UNDER CERTAIN TERP INEFFECTIVE UNDER CERTAIN CIRCUMSTANCES. ADDITIONALLY, ETHNIC CIRCUMSTANCES. ADDITIONALLY, ETHNIC DIVISIONS MAY LIMIT THE EFFECTIVENESS OF A DIVISIONS MAY LIMIT THE EFFECTIVENESS OF A TERP FROM OUTSIDE THE TARGET AUDIENCE’S TERP FROM OUTSIDE THE TARGET AUDIENCE’S GROUP. SINCE TRADITIONS, VALUES, AND GROUP. SINCE TRADITIONS, VALUES, AND BIASES VARY FROM COUNTRY TO COUNTRY, IT BIASES VARY FROM COUNTRY TO COUNTRY, IT IS IMPORTANT TO BE AWARE OF SPECIFIC IS IMPORTANT TO BE AWARE OF SPECIFIC TABOOS OR CULTURAL NORMS.TABOOS OR CULTURAL NORMS.

CHARACTERISTICSCHARACTERISTICS

COMPATIBILITYCOMPATIBILITY THE SERVICE MEMBER AND THE TERP WILL THE SERVICE MEMBER AND THE TERP WILL

WORK AS A TEAM. THE TARGET AUDIENCE WORK AS A TEAM. THE TARGET AUDIENCE WILL BE QUICK TO RECOGNIZE PERSONALITY WILL BE QUICK TO RECOGNIZE PERSONALITY CONFLICTS BETWEEN THE SOLDIER AND THE CONFLICTS BETWEEN THE SOLDIER AND THE TERP, WHICH CAN UNDERMINE THE TERP, WHICH CAN UNDERMINE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE COMMUNICATION EFFECTIVENESS OF THE COMMUNICATION EFFORT. IF POSSIBLE, WHEN SELECTING AN EFFORT. IF POSSIBLE, WHEN SELECTING AN INTERPRETER, THE SOLDIER SHOULD LOOK INTERPRETER, THE SOLDIER SHOULD LOOK FOR COMPATIBLE TRAITS AND STRIVE FOR A FOR COMPATIBLE TRAITS AND STRIVE FOR A HARMONIOUS WORKING RELATIONSHIP.HARMONIOUS WORKING RELATIONSHIP.

ORIENTATION AND ORIENTATION AND TRAININGTRAINING

ORIENTATIONORIENTATION EARLY IN THE RELATINSHIP WITH TERPS, EARLY IN THE RELATINSHIP WITH TERPS,

THE SOLDIER SHOULD ENSURE THAT THE SOLDIER SHOULD ENSURE THAT THE TEDRPS ARE BRIEFED ON THEIR THE TEDRPS ARE BRIEFED ON THEIR DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES. THE DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES. THE SOLDIER SHOULD ENSURE THAT THE SOLDIER SHOULD ENSURE THAT THE TERP UNDERSTANDS THE NATURE OF TERP UNDERSTANDS THE NATURE OF THE DUTIES.THE DUTIES.

ORIENTATION AND ORIENTATION AND TRAININGTRAINING

ORIENTATIONORIENTATION THE ORIENTATION SHOULD CONTAIN THE THE ORIENTATION SHOULD CONTAIN THE

FOLLOWINGFOLLOWING CURRENT TACTICAL SITUATIONCURRENT TACTICAL SITUATION METHOD OF INTERPRETATION TO BE USEDMETHOD OF INTERPRETATION TO BE USED

SIMULTANEOUS: TERP LISTENS AND TRANSLATES AT SIMULTANEOUS: TERP LISTENS AND TRANSLATES AT THE SAME TIMETHE SAME TIME

CONSECUTIVE: TERP LISTENS THE TRANSLATESCONSECUTIVE: TERP LISTENS THE TRANSLATES NEED FOR TERP TO AVOID INJECTING THEIR NEED FOR TERP TO AVOID INJECTING THEIR

OWN PERSONALITY, IDEAS, OR QUESTIONS INTO OWN PERSONALITY, IDEAS, OR QUESTIONS INTO THE COMMUNICATIONTHE COMMUNICATION

ORIENTATION AND ORIENTATION AND TRAININGTRAINING

TRAININGTRAINING THE SOLDIER MUST UNDERSTAND THAT SOME TERPS, THE SOLDIER MUST UNDERSTAND THAT SOME TERPS,

BECAUSE OF CULTURAL DIFFERENCES, MAY ATTEMPT TO BECAUSE OF CULTURAL DIFFERENCES, MAY ATTEMPT TO ‘SAVE FACE’ BY PURPOSELY CONCEALING THEIR LACK OF ‘SAVE FACE’ BY PURPOSELY CONCEALING THEIR LACK OF ENDERSTANDING. THEY MAY ATTEMPT TO TRANSLATE ENDERSTANDING. THEY MAY ATTEMPT TO TRANSLATE WHAT THEY THINK THE SOLDIER SAID OR MEANT WHAT THEY THINK THE SOLDIER SAID OR MEANT WITHOUT ASKING FOR CLARIFICATION OF THE WITHOUT ASKING FOR CLARIFICATION OF THE STATEMENT. BECAUSE THIS CAN RESULT IN STATEMENT. BECAUSE THIS CAN RESULT IN MISINFORMATION AND CONFUSION, AND IMPACT ON MISINFORMATION AND CONFUSION, AND IMPACT ON CREDIBILITY THE SOLDIER SHOULD LET THE TERP KNOW CREDIBILITY THE SOLDIER SHOULD LET THE TERP KNOW THAT WHEN IN DOUBT HE SHOULD ALWAYS, ALWAYS, THAT WHEN IN DOUBT HE SHOULD ALWAYS, ALWAYS, ALWAYS ASK FOR CLARIFICATION. THE SOLDERI SHOULD ALWAYS ASK FOR CLARIFICATION. THE SOLDERI SHOULD CREATE A SAFE ENVIRONMENT FOR CLARIFICATION AS CREATE A SAFE ENVIRONMENT FOR CLARIFICATION AS EARLY IN THE RELATIONSHIP AS POSSIBLE.EARLY IN THE RELATIONSHIP AS POSSIBLE.

ORIENTATION AND ORIENTATION AND TRAININGTRAINING

TRAININGTRAINING CONSULT WITH YOUR TERPS AHEAD OF CONSULT WITH YOUR TERPS AHEAD OF

TIME SO THAT HE / SHE CAN GAIN TIME SO THAT HE / SHE CAN GAIN FAMILIARITY WITH YOURFAMILIARITY WITH YOUR

ACCENTACCENT RATE OF SPEECHRATE OF SPEECH VOCABULARYVOCABULARY SENTENCE STRUCTURESENTENCE STRUCTURE

MEETINGSMEETINGS

POSITIONING THE TERPPOSITIONING THE TERP THE TERP SHOULD BE PHYSICALLY POSITIONED THE TERP SHOULD BE PHYSICALLY POSITIONED

IN A “SUBORDINATE” LOCATION IN CLOSE IN A “SUBORDINATE” LOCATION IN CLOSE PROXIMITY TO THE SOLDIER. FOR EXAMPLE PROXIMITY TO THE SOLDIER. FOR EXAMPLE HAVE THE TERP SIT ALONGSIDE AND JUST HAVE THE TERP SIT ALONGSIDE AND JUST BEHIND THE SOLDIER. IF STANDING, THE TERP BEHIND THE SOLDIER. IF STANDING, THE TERP SHOULD BE ALONGSIDE AND ONE STEP SHOULD BE ALONGSIDE AND ONE STEP BEHIND THE SOLDIER. THE SOLDIER SHOULD BEHIND THE SOLDIER. THE SOLDIER SHOULD ALWAYS BE IN A POSITION TO MAINTAIN EYE ALWAYS BE IN A POSITION TO MAINTAIN EYE CONTACT AND ADDRESS THE TARGET CONTACT AND ADDRESS THE TARGET AUDIENCE.AUDIENCE.

MEETINGSMEETINGS

EXECUTING THE MEETINGEXECUTING THE MEETING THE SOLDIER SHOULD ALWAYS TRY TO AVOID THE SOLDIER SHOULD ALWAYS TRY TO AVOID

SIMULTANEOUS TRANSLATIONS, THAT IS, BOTH THE SIMULTANEOUS TRANSLATIONS, THAT IS, BOTH THE SOLDIER AND THE TERP TALKING AT THE SAME TIME. SOLDIER AND THE TERP TALKING AT THE SAME TIME. THE SOLDIER SHOULD SPEAK FOR A MINUTE OR LESS IN THE SOLDIER SHOULD SPEAK FOR A MINUTE OR LESS IN A NEUTRAL, RELAXED MANNER, DIRECTLY TO THE A NEUTRAL, RELAXED MANNER, DIRECTLY TO THE INDIVIDUAL. THE TERP SHOULD WATCH THE SOLDIER INDIVIDUAL. THE TERP SHOULD WATCH THE SOLDIER CAREFULLY AND DURING THE TRANSLATION, MIMIC THE CAREFULLY AND DURING THE TRANSLATION, MIMIC THE SOLDIER’S BODY LANGUAGE AS WELL AND INTERPRET SOLDIER’S BODY LANGUAGE AS WELL AND INTERPRET THE VERBAL MEANING. THE SOLDIER SHOULD OBSERVE THE VERBAL MEANING. THE SOLDIER SHOULD OBSERVE THE TERP CLOSELY TO DETECT ANY INCONSISTENCIES THE TERP CLOSELY TO DETECT ANY INCONSISTENCIES BETWEEN THE TERP’S AND HIS OWN MANNERISMS. THE BETWEEN THE TERP’S AND HIS OWN MANNERISMS. THE SOLDIER SHOULD PROVIDE THE TPER SUFFIVIENT TIME SOLDIER SHOULD PROVIDE THE TPER SUFFIVIENT TIME TO INTERPRET COMPLETELY AND ACCURATELY. THE TO INTERPRET COMPLETELY AND ACCURATELY. THE SOLDIER SHOULD PRESENT ONE THOUGHT IN ITS SOLDIER SHOULD PRESENT ONE THOUGHT IN ITS INTIRETY AND ALLOW THE TERP TO TRANSLATE.INTIRETY AND ALLOW THE TERP TO TRANSLATE.

MEETINGSMEETINGS

EXECUTING THE MEETINGEXECUTING THE MEETING DURING A MEETING, IF QUESTIONS ARE DURING A MEETING, IF QUESTIONS ARE

ASKED, THE TERP SHOULD IMMEDIATELY ASKED, THE TERP SHOULD IMMEDIATELY TRANSLATE TO THE TARGET AUDIENCE. TRANSLATE TO THE TARGET AUDIENCE. THE TERP SHOULD NEVER TRY TO THE TERP SHOULD NEVER TRY TO ANSWER THE QUESTION ON HIS OWN, ANSWER THE QUESTION ON HIS OWN, EVEN IF HE KNOWS THE CORRECT EVEN IF HE KNOWS THE CORRECT ANSWERANSWER

MEETINGSMEETINGS

EXECUTING THE MEETINGEXECUTING THE MEETING AN IMPORTANT FIRST STEP FOR SOLDIERS IN AN IMPORTANT FIRST STEP FOR SOLDIERS IN

COMMUNICATING IN A FOREIGN LANGUAGE IS COMMUNICATING IN A FOREIGN LANGUAGE IS TO POLISH THEIR ENGLISH LANGUAGE SKILLS. TO POLISH THEIR ENGLISH LANGUAGE SKILLS. THIS IS TRY EVEN IF NO ATTEMPT IS MAD E TO THIS IS TRY EVEN IF NO ATTEMPT IS MAD E TO LEARN THE INDIGENOUS LANGUAGE. THE LEARN THE INDIGENOUS LANGUAGE. THE CLEARER THE SOLDIER SPEAKS IN ENGLISH, CLEARER THE SOLDIER SPEAKS IN ENGLISH, THE EASIER IT WILL BE TO TRANSLATE. OTHER THE EASIER IT WILL BE TO TRANSLATE. OTHER FACOTRS TO CONSIDER IS TO DROP THE USE FACOTRS TO CONSIDER IS TO DROP THE USE OF SLANG TERMS, SWEAR WORDS OR OF SLANG TERMS, SWEAR WORDS OR MILITARY ACRONYMS.MILITARY ACRONYMS.

BEHAVIORSBEHAVIORS

UNDERSTANDING THE TARGET UNDERSTANDING THE TARGET POPLULATION IS THE FIRST STEP TO POPLULATION IS THE FIRST STEP TO EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION. THE EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION. THE FOLLOWING FACTORS AFFECT OUR ABILITY FOLLOWING FACTORS AFFECT OUR ABILITY TO COMMUNICATE WITH THE TARGET TO COMMUNICATE WITH THE TARGET AUDIENCEAUDIENCE PERCEPTIONPERCEPTION

THE INTERNAL REPRESENTATION OF SENSORY INPUT THE INTERNAL REPRESENTATION OF SENSORY INPUT FROM SEEING, SMELLIN, HEARING, TASTIN, OR FROM SEEING, SMELLIN, HEARING, TASTIN, OR TOUCHING, SUCH THAT WE PRODUCE AN INTERNAL TOUCHING, SUCH THAT WE PRODUCE AN INTERNAL REPRESENTATION OF THE OUTSIDE WORLDREPRESENTATION OF THE OUTSIDE WORLD

BEHAVIORSBEHAVIORS

MOTIVATIONMOTIVATION THOSE PHYSIOLOGICAL, COGNITIVE, OR THOSE PHYSIOLOGICAL, COGNITIVE, OR

EMOTIONAL FACTORS ARISING FROM EMOTIONAL FACTORS ARISING FROM BIOLOGY, TEMPERAMENT, OR LEARNING BIOLOGY, TEMPERAMENT, OR LEARNING WHICH DRIVES BEHAVIORWHICH DRIVES BEHAVIOR

ATTITUDEATTITUDE CONSISTENT, LEARNED, EMOTIONAL CONSISTENT, LEARNED, EMOTIONAL

PREDISPOSITIONED TO RESPOND IN A PREDISPOSITIONED TO RESPOND IN A PARTICULAR WAY TO A GIVEN OBJECT, PARTICULAR WAY TO A GIVEN OBJECT, PERSON, OR SITUATIONPERSON, OR SITUATION

BEHAVIORSBEHAVIORS

PREJUDICESPREJUDICES AN UNFAVORABLE OPINION OR FEELING FORMED AN UNFAVORABLE OPINION OR FEELING FORMED

BEFOREHAND WITHOUT THE KNOWLEDGE, BEFOREHAND WITHOUT THE KNOWLEDGE, THOUGHT, OR REASON. PREJUDICE IS A BEHAVIOR THOUGHT, OR REASON. PREJUDICE IS A BEHAVIOR THATTHAT

IS LEARNED INDIRECTLY RATHER THAN DIRECTLY FROM IS LEARNED INDIRECTLY RATHER THAN DIRECTLY FROM OBJECTS OF PREJUDICEOBJECTS OF PREJUDICE

IS HIGHLY EMOTIONAL AS OPPOSED TO RATIONALIS HIGHLY EMOTIONAL AS OPPOSED TO RATIONAL IS RIGID AND UNLIKELY TO LISTEN TO DIFFERING IS RIGID AND UNLIKELY TO LISTEN TO DIFFERING

PERSPECTIVESPERSPECTIVES IS TYPICALLY NEGATIVE, TENDS TO DEHUMANIZE, IS TYPICALLY NEGATIVE, TENDS TO DEHUMANIZE,

MISTREAT, OR DISCRIMINATE AGAINST OBJECT OF MISTREAT, OR DISCRIMINATE AGAINST OBJECT OF PREJUDICEPREJUDICE

MAY FOLLOW FROM INSTITUTIONAL / CULTURAL MAY FOLLOW FROM INSTITUTIONAL / CULTURAL OPINIONS AND ACTIONS, ESPECIALLY WHERE OPINIONS AND ACTIONS, ESPECIALLY WHERE CONFORMITY TO GROUP NORMS ARE HIGHLY VALUEDCONFORMITY TO GROUP NORMS ARE HIGHLY VALUED

BEHAVIORSBEHAVIORS

UNDERSTANDING THE CULTURAL ASPECTS OF UNDERSTANDING THE CULTURAL ASPECTS OF COMMUNICATION IS THE SECOND STEP IN COMMUNICATION IS THE SECOND STEP IN UNDERSTANDING THE TARGET AUDIENCE. TO UNDERSTANDING THE TARGET AUDIENCE. TO THOROUGHLY UNDERSTAND THE CULTURETHOROUGHLY UNDERSTAND THE CULTURE STUDY THE CULTURE AND HISTORYSTUDY THE CULTURE AND HISTORY OBSERVE ALL ASPECTS OF THE CULTURE IF POSSIBLEOBSERVE ALL ASPECTS OF THE CULTURE IF POSSIBLE ACCEPT THE CULTUREACCEPT THE CULTURE RESPECT THE CULTURAL DIFFERENCESRESPECT THE CULTURAL DIFFERENCES IDENTIFY ANY CULTURAL RESTRICTIONS BEFORE IDENTIFY ANY CULTURAL RESTRICTIONS BEFORE

MEETING, INSTRUCTING, OR CONFERRING WITH MEETING, INSTRUCTING, OR CONFERRING WITH PARTICULAR FOREIGN NATIONALSPARTICULAR FOREIGN NATIONALS

BEHAVIORSBEHAVIORS

NON VERBAL COMMUNICATION IS AN IUMPORTANT ASPECT OF NON VERBAL COMMUNICATION IS AN IUMPORTANT ASPECT OF THE COMMUNICATION PRECESS. USER AND TERP MUST PAY THE COMMUNICATION PRECESS. USER AND TERP MUST PAY ATTENTION TO THE FOLLOWING NONVERBAL ACTIONSATTENTION TO THE FOLLOWING NONVERBAL ACTIONS

COMMUNICATION SETTINGCOMMUNICATION SETTING PHYSICAL APPEARANCEPHYSICAL APPEARANCE DRESSDRESS PERSONAL SPACEPERSONAL SPACE

LEVEL OF INTIMACYLEVEL OF INTIMACY EMOTIONAL STATEEMOTIONAL STATE TYPE OF INTERACTION; CONFRONTATIONAL, COOPERATIVE, COMPETITIVE, TYPE OF INTERACTION; CONFRONTATIONAL, COOPERATIVE, COMPETITIVE,

FRIENDLY, OR TERRITORIALITYFRIENDLY, OR TERRITORIALITY VOCAL CUESVOCAL CUES EYE CONTACT AND EYE MOVEMENTEYE CONTACT AND EYE MOVEMENT GESTURES AND POSTUREGESTURES AND POSTURE TOUCHINGTOUCHING FACIAL EXPRESSIONSFACIAL EXPRESSIONS

BEHAVIORSBEHAVIORS

COLLOQUIALISMS, HUMOR, ACRONYMS COLLOQUIALISMS, HUMOR, ACRONYMS AND JARGONAND JARGON COLLOQUIALISMS TEND TO CONFUSE AND COLLOQUIALISMS TEND TO CONFUSE AND

WASTE VALUABLE TIMEWASTE VALUABLE TIME BE CAUTIOUS OF USING AMERCAN HUMOR. BE CAUTIOUS OF USING AMERCAN HUMOR.

CULTURAL AND LANGUAGE DIFFERENCES CAN CULTURAL AND LANGUAGE DIFFERENCES CAN LEAD TO MISINTERPRETATIONS BY LEAD TO MISINTERPRETATIONS BY FOREIGNERS. DETERMINE EARLY ON WHAT FOREIGNERS. DETERMINE EARLY ON WHAT THE TERP FINDS EASIEST TO UNDERSTAND THE TERP FINDS EASIEST TO UNDERSTAND AND TRANSLATE MEANINGFULLYAND TRANSLATE MEANINGFULLY

BEHAVIORSBEHAVIORS

AVOID USING ACRONYMS IF POSSIBLE. AVOID USING ACRONYMS IF POSSIBLE. ADDRESS ANY ACRONMYS BEING USED ADDRESS ANY ACRONMYS BEING USED WITH YOUR TERP BEFORE MEETINGWITH YOUR TERP BEFORE MEETING

JARGON IS LANGUAGE USED BY ONLY A JARGON IS LANGUAGE USED BY ONLY A SPECIFIC GROUP OR OCCUPATION AND SPECIFIC GROUP OR OCCUPATION AND SHOULD BE CLEARED WITH THE TERP SHOULD BE CLEARED WITH THE TERP PRIOR TO THE MEETINGPRIOR TO THE MEETING

BEHAVIORSBEHAVIORS

THE SOLDIER SHOULDTHE SOLDIER SHOULD POSITION THE TERP SO AS TO KEEP THE POSITION THE TERP SO AS TO KEEP THE

SUBJECT OR AUDIENCE FROM SHIFTING THEIR SUBJECT OR AUDIENCE FROM SHIFTING THEIR ATTENTION TO FROM THE SOLDIER TO THE ATTENTION TO FROM THE SOLDIER TO THE TERPTERP

ALWAYS LOOK AT THE TARGET AUDIENCE ALWAYS LOOK AT THE TARGET AUDIENCE WHEN SPEAKING, FIGHT THE URGE TO LOOK WHEN SPEAKING, FIGHT THE URGE TO LOOK AT THE TERP WHILE SPEAKINGAT THE TERP WHILE SPEAKING

SPEAK SLOWLY AND CONCISE, AND REPEAT AS SPEAK SLOWLY AND CONCISE, AND REPEAT AS MANY TIMES AS NEEDEDMANY TIMES AS NEEDED

BEHAVIORSBEHAVIORS

SPEAK TO THE TARGET AUDIENCE AS IF THEY SPEAK TO THE TARGET AUDIENCE AS IF THEY UNDERSTAND ENGLISH. USE HAND GESTURES AND UNDERSTAND ENGLISH. USE HAND GESTURES AND SPEAK WITH MOTIVATION AS THIS IS A SORT OF SPEAK WITH MOTIVATION AS THIS IS A SORT OF NONVERBAL COMMUNICATIONNONVERBAL COMMUNICATION

PERIODICALLY CHECK THE TERP’S ACCURACY, PERIODICALLY CHECK THE TERP’S ACCURACY, CONSISTENCY, AND CLARITYCONSISTENCY, AND CLARITY

HAVE THE TARGET AUDIENCE BACK BRIEF THE SOLDIER HAVE THE TARGET AUDIENCE BACK BRIEF THE SOLDIER PERIODICALLY TO ENSURE THAT THE MESSAGE IS BEING PERIODICALLY TO ENSURE THAT THE MESSAGE IS BEING TRANSLATED IN THE PROPER MANNERTRANSLATED IN THE PROPER MANNER

DO NOT ADDRESS THE TARGET AUDIENCE AS HIM, DO NOT ADDRESS THE TARGET AUDIENCE AS HIM, THEM, HER, THEY OR ANY THIRD PERSON VERBAGE. THEM, HER, THEY OR ANY THIRD PERSON VERBAGE. INSTEAD, USE YOU, ME, I AND OTHER FIRST PERSON INSTEAD, USE YOU, ME, I AND OTHER FIRST PERSON NARRATIVESNARRATIVES

MAKE THE TERP FEEL AS THOUGH HE IS A VALUEABLE MAKE THE TERP FEEL AS THOUGH HE IS A VALUEABLE MEMBER OF THE TEAM; GIVE THE TERP RECOGNITION MEMBER OF THE TEAM; GIVE THE TERP RECOGNITION

BEHAVIORSBEHAVIORS

KEEP THE ENTIRE PRESENTATION AS SIMPLE AS KEEP THE ENTIRE PRESENTATION AS SIMPLE AS POSSIBLEPOSSIBLE

USE SHORT SENTENCES AND SIMPLE WORDS THAT USE SHORT SENTENCES AND SIMPLE WORDS THAT EASY TO TRANSLATEEASY TO TRANSLATE

AVOID IDOMATIC ENGLISHAVOID IDOMATIC ENGLISH AVOID TENDENCY TOWARD FLOWERY LANGUAGEAVOID TENDENCY TOWARD FLOWERY LANGUAGE AVOID SLANG TERMSAVOID SLANG TERMS ASSUME THAT LESS THAN 100% OF YOUR MESSAGE ASSUME THAT LESS THAN 100% OF YOUR MESSAGE

IS GETTING ACROSS. LIKEWISE ASSUME THAT YOU IS GETTING ACROSS. LIKEWISE ASSUME THAT YOU ARE GETTING LESS THAN 100% OF THE TARGET ARE GETTING LESS THAN 100% OF THE TARGET AUDIENCE’S COMMUNICATIONAUDIENCE’S COMMUNICATION

BEHAVIORSBEHAVIORS

THE SOLDIER SHOULD NOTTHE SOLDIER SHOULD NOT ADDRESS THE SUBJECT IN THE THIRD ADDRESS THE SUBJECT IN THE THIRD

PERSON THROUGHOUT THE PERSON THROUGHOUT THE INTERPRETATIONINTERPRETATION

MAKE SIDE COMMENTS TO THE TERP MAKE SIDE COMMENTS TO THE TERP THAT ARE NOT TRANSLATEDTHAT ARE NOT TRANSLATED

BE A DISTRACTION THILE THE TERP IS BE A DISTRACTION THILE THE TERP IS TRANSLATING AND THE SUBJECT IS TRANSLATING AND THE SUBJECT IS LISTENINGLISTENING

10 MINUTE 10 MINUTE BREAKBREAK

POST MEETING ACTIONSPOST MEETING ACTIONS

VERIFY INFORMATIONVERIFY INFORMATION CONFIRM WITH YOUR TERP THAT WHAT YOU CONFIRM WITH YOUR TERP THAT WHAT YOU

HEARD WAS WHAT WAS MEANT. WAS THE HEARD WAS WHAT WAS MEANT. WAS THE QUESTION STATED CORRECTLY? QUESTION STATED CORRECTLY?

IDENTIFY DISAGREEMENTSIDENTIFY DISAGREEMENTS IDENTIFY MISUNDERSTANDINGS AND PREPARE IDENTIFY MISUNDERSTANDINGS AND PREPARE

A WAY TO RESOLVE THOSE AT THE NEXT A WAY TO RESOLVE THOSE AT THE NEXT MEETINGMEETING

PROVIDE FEEDBACK ON TERP PERFORMANCEPROVIDE FEEDBACK ON TERP PERFORMANCE PREPARE FOR NEXT MEETING WHILE THE INFO PREPARE FOR NEXT MEETING WHILE THE INFO

IS STILL FRESHIS STILL FRESH

OTHER CONSIDERATIONSOTHER CONSIDERATIONS

GENDERGENDER ETHNICITYETHNICITY WEAR OF UNIFORMSWEAR OF UNIFORMS

THERE IS NOT A STANDARD AS TO WHETHER THERE IS NOT A STANDARD AS TO WHETHER TERPS HAVE TO WEAR A MILITARY UNIFORM; TERPS HAVE TO WEAR A MILITARY UNIFORM; TAKE THESE CONSIDERATIONS INTO THOUGHTTAKE THESE CONSIDERATIONS INTO THOUGHT

ADVANTAGESADVANTAGES BUILDS A SENSE OF BELONGING WITH THE SOLDIERS BUILDS A SENSE OF BELONGING WITH THE SOLDIERS

IN THE UNITIN THE UNIT TERP FORCE PROTECTION INCREASESTERP FORCE PROTECTION INCREASES MILITARY FORCES ABLE TO IDENTIFY TERP AS A MILITARY FORCES ABLE TO IDENTIFY TERP AS A

FRIENDLY FORCEFRIENDLY FORCE

OTHER CONSIDERATIONSOTHER CONSIDERATIONS

DISADVANTAGESDISADVANTAGES MAY LOWER LOCAL POPULACE RECEPTIVENESS MAY LOWER LOCAL POPULACE RECEPTIVENESS

TO INTERPRETERTO INTERPRETER TERP LESS ABLE TO BLEND IN WITH LOCALSTERP LESS ABLE TO BLEND IN WITH LOCALS MAY INCITE OVERT HOSTILITY TOWARDS TERPMAY INCITE OVERT HOSTILITY TOWARDS TERP

THINGS TO REMEMBERTHINGS TO REMEMBER TERPS SHOULD MIRROR THE TONE AND TERPS SHOULD MIRROR THE TONE AND

PERSONALITY OF THE USERPERSONALITY OF THE USER TERPS SHOULD NOT INTERJECT THEIR TERPS SHOULD NOT INTERJECT THEIR

OWN QUESTIONS OR PERSONALITYOWN QUESTIONS OR PERSONALITY

OTHER CONSIDERATIONSOTHER CONSIDERATIONS

TERPS SHOULD INFORM THE USER IF TERPS SHOULD INFORM THE USER IF THEY NOTICE ANY INCONSISTENCIES OR THEY NOTICE ANY INCONSISTENCIES OR PECULIARITIES FORM SOURCESPECULIARITIES FORM SOURCES

PERIODICALLY CHECK WITH YOUR TERP PERIODICALLY CHECK WITH YOUR TERP TO ENSURE THAT HE OR SHETO ENSURE THAT HE OR SHE

UNDERSTAND CONCEPTSUNDERSTAND CONCEPTS IS COMMUNICATING EFFECTIVELY WITH IS COMMUNICATING EFFECTIVELY WITH

YOUR COUNTERPARTYOUR COUNTERPART

OTHER CONSIDERATIONSOTHER CONSIDERATIONS

PRIOR TO THE MEETING, INSIST THAT PRIOR TO THE MEETING, INSIST THAT THE TERP THE TERP

SPEAK IN THE FIRST PERSONSPEAK IN THE FIRST PERSON REMAIN IN CLOSE PROXIMITY TO THE USERREMAIN IN CLOSE PROXIMITY TO THE USER CARRY A NOTEPAD AND TAKE NOTES AS CARRY A NOTEPAD AND TAKE NOTES AS

NEEDEDNEEDED ASK QUESTIONS WHEN CLEAR OF A TERM, ASK QUESTIONS WHEN CLEAR OF A TERM,

CONCEPT, OR ACRONYMCONCEPT, OR ACRONYM PREJECT CLEARLY AND MIRROR BOTH YOUR PREJECT CLEARLY AND MIRROR BOTH YOUR

VOCAL STESSES AND OVERALL TONEVOCAL STESSES AND OVERALL TONE

QUESTIONSQUESTIONS