i
uTk+jkuk
Sample Copy. Not For Distribution.
ii
Publishing-in-support-of,
EDUCREATION PUBLISHING
RZ 94, Sector - 6, Dwarka, New Delhi - 110075 Shubham Vihar, Mangla, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh - 495001
Website: www.educreation.in __________________________________________________
© Copyright, Author
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form by any means, electronic, mechanical, magnetic, optical, chemical, manual, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior written consent of its writer.
ISBN: 978-93-85247-53-8
Price: ` 195.00
The opinions/ contents expressed in this book are solely of the author and do not represent the opinions/ standings/ thoughts of Educreation.
Printed in India
Sample Copy. Not For Distribution.
iii
uTk+jkuk
fQjksT+k vyh
EDUCREATION PUBLISHING (Since 2011)
www.educreation.in
Sample Copy. Not For Distribution.
iv
Sample Copy. Not For Distribution.
v
Yks[kd ifjp;
O ys[kd fQjkst vyh dk tUe firk Lo0 lxhj glu vkSj
ekrk Jherh vUlk:u fu'kk ds ;gk¡ gqvk FkkA mudk fookg
Jhefr 'kkghuk çohu ds lkFk gqvkA mUgsa orZeku esa lqi=h
Qjghu vyh vkSj lqiq= rkSlhQ lsgj dk lkSHkkX; izkIr gSA
ys[kd us lkfgR; vkSj i=dkfjrk {ks= esa v/;;u iw.kZ fd;k
gSA ikjaifjd f”k{kk esa mUgsa ch-,-¼vkWulZ½] ih-th- fMIyksek
¼tuZfyt+e ,.M ekldkWe½ dh fMxzh izkIr gSA mUgksaus cgqr
lh lkfgfR;d jpuk,¡] tSls dfork,¡ vkSj dgkfu;k¡ fy[kh gSaA
mudh izeq[k izdkf”kr jpuk,¡ gSa]
foHkkxh; if=dk
(i) vadqj vkSj (ii) ,d lax&,&ehy dk laEIkknu
dgkfu;ka vkSj dfork;sa
vkxkeh jpuk %&
Þesjs ?kj lsÞ
dforkvksa vkSj x+t+yksa dk laxzg
O
Sample Copy. Not For Distribution.
vi
izLrkouk
vT+kZ&o&bt+gkj
O fç; ikBdksa! ;g dgkuh esjs ,d toku dh vki chrh gS
blesas mldh ethZ ds vuqlkj jn~nks&cny fd;k x;k gSA
bl dgkuh dk tUe euq"; dh Lo;a dh ghu&Hkkouk ls xzLr
gksus vkSj ftUnxh ds fo'ks"k eksM ij nqfu;k dh Hkkx&nkSM+ esa
ifr&iRuh dk ,d nwljs dks egRo ugha nsus ds dkj.k gqvk
gSA bu fj'rksa dks egRo nsdj fcxMus ls cpk;k tk ldrk
gSA
bl dgkuh dks vkids le{k çLrqr djus esa
eksgunkl [kksiMkxMs] jkts'k 'kekZ] 'kSysUnz [kudk] lUnhi
'kekZ] fot; [kVkuk] eqjyh d`".ku] çrki pUnzu] lqjs'k
ckyu] vuh"k dqekj] fd'kksj dqekj] ,u0 ds0 fcLV vkSj
vuchVscy&64 lewg ds esjs lHkh nksLrksa us lg;ksx fd;k gSA
lkFk gh bls fy[kus esa esjh iRuh 'kkghuk dk Hkjiwj
lg;ksx feyk gSA
eSa vius nksLr vuqjkx jkt vkSj vuwi dqekj dk
e'kdwj g¡w ftUgksaus bldh uksd&iyd lq/kkjus esa ejh enn
dhA
vUr esa Educreation Publishing dh iwjh Vhe
/kU;okn ds ik= gSa ftUgksaus bls eUtj&,&vke rd
ykus esa esjk lkFk fn;kA
ckdh QSlyk vkids gkFk gS fd eSa dgk¡ rd
dke;kc jgk viuh dksf'k'k esaA
O
Sample Copy. Not For Distribution.
vii
O ßcLrjÞ dh okfn;ksa dks gh
eafty cuk fn;kA
dkxt+ ds VqdM+s tksM+s vkSj
fny cuk fn;kA
gSjku uk gks dksbZ ;g]
ßut+jkukÞ ns[kdjA
eksgflu dh ;kn esa ,d
ukWcsy cuk fn;kA
O
fQjkst+ vyh
Sample Copy. Not For Distribution.
viii
Sample Copy. Not For Distribution.
fQjksT+k vyh
1
____________________________________
tkyU/kj ls viuh cqfu;knh çf'k{k.k lekIr djus ds ckn
lqj{kkcy dh ,d cVkfy;u lqdek NŸkhlx<+ esa rSukr gksus
ds fy, rS;kj FkhA cVkfy;u ds lHkh tokuksa o muds
lkt&o&lkeku dks lqdek NŸkhlx<+ igq¡pkus ds fy,
Lis'ky Vªsu tkyU/kj dSUV jsyos LVs'ku ls jk;iqj ds fy,
cqd fd;k x;k Fkk & tks vius xUrO; ds fy, jokuk gks
pqdh FkhA tkus okys lHkh tokuksa ds eu esa vthc lh
gypy Fkh] muds ts+gu esa pyus okyh gypy tk;t Fkh
D;ksafd NŸkhlx<+ esa O;kIr uDlyokn dh leL;k vkSj ogk¡
gksus okyh çR;sd fnu dh dk;Zokfg;ksa ls lHkh toku Hkfy
Hkk¡fr voxr FksA
Vªsu esa lHkh toku vius dek.Mj }kjk fn, x;s
funsZ'kksa dk ikyu djrs gq, viuh fu/kkZfjr lhV ij cSB x,
FksA jSad vkSj mez ds vuqlkj NksVh&NksVh Vksfy;ksa esa cVdj
lHkh vyx&vyx rjhds ls Vkbe ikl dj jgs FksA
dgha jktuhfr ij ckrphr py jgh Fkh] rks dgha rk'k
[ksys tk jgs FksA fdlh xzqi us xkuk xkuk 'kq: fd;k Fkk] rks
dksbZ lewg eksckby ij xkus dk vkuUn ys jgk Fkk rks ,d
1
Sample Copy. Not For Distribution.
uT+kjkuk
2
fo'ks"k xzqi jkfxuh vyki jgk FkkA Vªsu ,d ds ckn nwljs
LVs'ku dks ikj djrh gqbZ vkxs c<+ jgh FkhA fdlh LVs'ku
ij vxj :drh Hkh rks FkksMh nsj ds fy, D;ksafd LVs'ku ij
Vªsu esa p<+us okyk dksbZ nwljk iSlsatj ugha gksrk Fkk] oSls Vªsu
esa cSBs tokukas dh NksVh NksVh Vksfy;ksa esa pyus okys dk;ZØe
fujUrj py jgs FksA
Vªsu ds ckgj LVs'ku ij [kM+s yksxksa dh HkhM+ dks ,slk
yxrk Fkk ekuksa ;s QkSth bZ'oj dh ,slh lajpuk gSa tks gj
çdkj dh [kq'kh o eLrh vius nkeu esa lesVs gq, gSaA
ns[kus okys dks dgha ls bl ckr dk ,glkl ugha gks
jgk Fkk fd] bu tokuksa dks Hkh dksbZ leL;k gS vkSj ;s Hkh
fpfUrr gks ldrs gSaA
Lkkfcj 06 lky igys vFkkZr~ 2009 esa blh tkyU/kj
ls viuh cqfu;knh çf'k{k.k lekIr djus ds ckn ikl vkmV
gqvk Fkk vkSj ,d cVkfy;u esa viuh lsok çnku djus ds
ckn ;gk¡ bl ubZ cVkfy;u esa crkSj fQftdy bUlVªDVj
iksLV gqvk FkkA bl rjg tyU/kj dh iksfLVax mlds fy,
u;h ugha FkhA
;gk¡ ;g mldh nwljh iksfLVax Fkh vkSj vc og Hkh
bl cVkfy;u ds lkFk lqdek NŸkhlx< esa ,UVh uDly
vkijs'ku ds fy, tk jgk FkkA
vius nksLrksa dh dk;Zokfg;ksa ls cs[kcj Lkkfcj vdsyk
f[kM+dh ds ikl cSBk ckgj dh rjQ ns[k jgk FkkA phtsa ihNs
Hkkxrh fn[k jgh Fkha] tcfd gdhdr esa Vªsu vkxs dh rjQ
tk jgh FkhA dk;Zokgh ,d gh Fkh] ysfdu fdruk vthc gS
,d gh pht dks nks rjg ls eglwl djukA
lkfcj ds gkFk esa eksckby Fkk vkSj og xSyjh esa lsOM
QksVksxzk¶l dks ns[k jgk FkkA
Sample Copy. Not For Distribution.
fQjksT+k vyh
3
rHkh OgkV~l ,Si~ ds ,d eSlst us mls gSjku dj
fn;kA ,d vUtkus uEcj ls ;g eSlst vk;k &
ßvLlkyke vySdqeÞA
igpkuk eq>s\
lkfcj us tokc Vkbi fd;k]
okysdqe vLLyke!
HkkbZ lkgc eSaus vkidks ugha igpkukA pw¡fd eSlst
iq:"k ;k efgyk fdl dh vksj ls vk;k gSA
;g irk ugha gksus dh fLFkfr esa çs"kd dks HkkbZ
lkgc fy[kuk lkfcj dks mfpr yxk bl fy, mlus HkkbZ
lkgc 'kCn ls lEcksf/kr fd;kA
fQj tokc vk;kA
ßg;kÞ
eSa g;k gw¡A
D;k vc Hkh ugha igpkuk\
mlus fQj tokc fn;k %
Hkyk dSls ugha igpkuw¡xkA
iwNk% dSlh gSa vki\
Sample Copy. Not For Distribution.
uT+kjkuk
4
vPNh & g;k us fy[kk vkSj lkfcj dks ls.M dj
fn;kA
Vªsu LVs'ku NksM+ pqdh Fkh vkSj rhoz xfr ls viuh
eafty dh vksj c<+ jgh FkhA Vsªu T;ksa gh iatkc ls ckgj
fudyh lkfcj ds eksckby us dke djuk cUn dj fn;k]
ysfdu lkfcj ckj&ckj eksckby dk usVodZ psd djrk jgkA
tc dgha usVodZ vkrk og g;k dk uEcj psd
djrk fd fQj dksbZ eSlst rks ugha vk;k] ysfdu mls gj
ckj ek;wlh gh gkFk yxrh] D;ksafd g;k dk LVsVl vkWQ
ykbu çnf'kZr dj jgk FkkA
bl nkSjku mlds ts+gu esa iqjkuh ckrsa fQYe ds
¶yS'kcSd lhu dh rjg 'kq: gks xbZ FkhA
g;k lkfcj ds nksLr 'kehe dh nwj dh fj'rsnkj Fkh
tks clUruxj ¼floku½ esa jgrh FkhA 'kehe dk ?kj Hkh mlh
ds eksgYys esa FkkA
lkfcj lkj;k¡] xksikyxat ¼fcgkj½ dk jgus okyk
FkkA eSfVªd dh ijh{kk ikl djus ds ckn lkfcj us vkxs dh
i<+kbZ ds fy, Mh-,-oh- dkWyst floku esa nkf[kyk ys fy;k]
p¡wfd og yksdy ,fj;s dk jgus okyk Fkk] blfy, mls
dkWyst ds gksLVy esa txg ugha fey ldkA blh otg ls
og ,d çkbosV ykWt esa jgdj i<kbZ djus yxkA
lkfcj dh nksLrh Hkh 'kehe ls blh nkSjku gqbZ FkhA
'kehe Hkh lkfcj dk Dykl esV Fkk vkSj fnu esa T;knk le;
,d lkFk O;rhr djus dh otg ls nksuksa dh nksLrh xgjh
gksrh pyh xbZA
Okg fnu lkfcj dh ftUnxh dk lcls vge fnu
Fkk] tc 'kehe lkfcj ds ykWt ij vk;kA
Sample Copy. Not For Distribution.
fQjksT+k vyh
5
ml le; lkfcj vius csM ij iMk fdrkc o
uksVcqd QSyk, viuh i<+kbZ esa O;Lr FkkA
D;k ckr gS] cgqr i<kbZ gks jgh g]S 'kehe us dejs
esa ?kqlrs gh lkfcj ls iwNkA
;kj! vHkh ,Xtke gksaus esa dkQh le; ckdh gaS vkSj
rqe vHkh ls D;ksa ikxy gq, tk jgs gks\ 'kehe us lkfcj ds
csM ij cSBrs gq, dgk lkfcj Hkh 'kehe dks ns[kdj eqLdqjkrs
gq, cksyk ;kj rqEgkjh rks rS;kjh gks pqdh gaS eSa Hkh dkSu lk
ges'kk i<+rk gw¡A
vkt cl FkksMh Qqjlr Fkh rks lkspk D;ksa uk dkWyst
ds iqjkus ysDpj Qs;j dj fy, tk,¡A
NksM+ks ;kj ysDpj vkSj i<+kbZ pyks esjs vady ds
;gk¡ pyrs gSa flQZ ,d ?k.Vs esa okil ykSV vk,axsA
Lkkfcj vius nksLr dh ckr Vky ugha ldk blfy,
i<+kbZ NksM+dj tYnh ls rS;kj gksus yxk vkSj nksuksa fudy
x,A nksuksa iSny pyrs gq, bZ/kj&m/kj dh ckrsa djrs gq,
vady ds ?kj dc igq¡p x, irk gh ugha pykA
'kehe us Mksjcsy ctk;k rHkh ,d yM+dh us njoktk
[kksyk vkSj lyke djrs gq, vUnj vkus ds fy, dgkA 'kehe
us lkfcj dks ifjp; djkus ds vUnkt esa crk;k fd] ;s esjh
dtu ßg;kÞ gS] blus blh lky eSfVªd dh ijh{kk nh gSA
g;k bu ckrksa dks ugha lqu ldh] og vUnj tk pqdh FkhA
og nksuksa Hkh vUnj nkf[ky gks x,A
ogka 'kehe dh vkUVh vkSj g;k dh nkuksas cM+h cgus
jft+;k vkSj lck ,d cM+s ls csM ij cSBh gqbZ FkhA 'kehe us
lcdks lyke fd;kA lkfcj Hkh 'kehe dh udy djrs gq,
lcdks lyke fd;kA 'kehe us lcls igys mu yksxksa ls
Sample Copy. Not For Distribution.
uT+kjkuk
6
lkfcj dk ifjp; djk;kA ;s esjk DyklesV vkSj nksLr
lkfcj gSA
vkxs 'kehe us dgk vki gSa & Þlck vihÞ budk
xsztq,'ku blh lky dEifyDV gqvk gSA ;s jft+;k vih
dgykrh gSa] xzstq,'ku lsds.M bZ;jA vUr esa ;g eksgrjeka gS
ßg;k thÞ tks fd] ges'kk fdrkcksa ds lkFk nhed dh rjg
yxha jgrh gSaA
budh eSfVªd dh ijh{kk vHkh ,d g¶rk igys gh
lekIr gqbZ gSA esjs vady MkW- eqthc ds uke ls tkus tkrs
gSaA fQj ;g essjh vkUVh gSa&fugk;r gh usd [kkrwu vkSj dqy
feykdj ;g gS] esjs vady dk NksVk lk ifjokj vkSj ,d
I;kjk lk lalkjA
g;k us iwNk & lkfcj vki Hkh Mh-,-oh- dkWyst esa
gh i<+rs gSaA lkfcj us lcdh rjQ eq[kkfrc gksrs gq, vius
ckjs esa crk;kA
eSa ;gha 'kehe ds lkFk Mh-,-oh- dkWyst esa gh bUVj
QLV bZ;j esa i< jgk gw¡A ckrksa dk flyflyk 'kq: gks pqdk
Fkk] vkUVh us lkfcj ls iwNk &
csVk rqe jgrs dgk¡ gks\
th vkUVh eSa ;gk¡ iM+ksl dh dkWyksuh ds vgen
ykWt esa jgrk gw¡A lkfcj us tokc fn;kA
oSls jgus okys dgk¡ ds gks\ g;k dh vkUVh us fQj
iwNkA
th vkUVh esjk ?kj xksikyxat ftyk esa iM+rk gSA
Sample Copy. Not For Distribution.
fQjksT+k vyh
7
csVk rqe 'kehe ds nksLr gks] blfy, esjs fy, rqe
'kehe tSls gh gks tc Hkh dksbZ ijs'kkuh gks ;k gekjh T+k:jr
gks rks gesa T+k:j crkuk vkSj bls viuk gh ?kj le>ukA
th vkUVh lkfcj us dgkA
rHkh g;k rhu di pk; ,d Vªs esa ysdj vk;hA
vkUVh us dgk yks csVk pk; yksA cgqr vPNh pk; cukrh gS
esjh g;kA
pk; ihus ds ckn lkfcj us 'kehe dks pyus dk
b'kkjk fd;k] fQj nksuksa tYnh gh [kMs+ gks x,A\
'kehe us dgk % vPNk vkUVh pyrs gSaA
Bhd gS vkrs jguk rqe rks ,d ckj tkrs gks rks
vkuk gh Hkwy tkrs gks vkSj gk¡ lkfcj csVk rqe Hkh vkrs
jgukA
T+k:j vkUVh nksuksa us ,d lkFk dgk vkSj lyke
djds py fn,A
g;k ds ?kj ls fudyus ds ckn 'kke gks pqdh Fkh
blfy, 'kehe us vius ?kj dk :[k fd;k vkSj b/kj lkfcj
us vius ykWt dkA
lkfcj dks cMk vPNk yx jgk FkkA og eu gh eu
lksp jgk Fkk pyks ;gk¡ dksbZ viuk rks fey x;kA fdruh
jkSud Fkh ml ?kj esa\ okLro esa cM+k vPNk yxk FkkA lkfcj
dks 'kehe ds vady ds ?kj tkdjA
lkfcj dks dksbZ pht ckj&ckj ;kn vk jgh Fkh] og
Fkh g;kA fdruh [kkl Fkh uk og ml ?kj esa] viuh cguksa
Sample Copy. Not For Distribution.
uT+kjkuk
8
esa] fcYdqy [kkl] dFFkbZ vka[kksa okyh nqcyh&iryh [kwclqjr
lh g;kA
irk uk D;ksa lkfcj ds eu esa vk jgk Fkk fd mls
g;k ds ?kj fQj tkuk pkfg,A
lkfcj vius ykWt ij igq¡p pqdk FkkA g;k ds ?kj
tkus dh otg ls mldk cgqr lkjk dke isfUMx gks x;k
FkkA blfy, og QVkQV mls iwjk fd;k vkSj [kkuk [kkus ds
ckn tYnh lks x;kA
vxys fnu 'kehe ls fQj eqykdkr gqbZA lkfcj us
vady ds ?kj dh ckr NsM+h og pkgrk Fkk fd] 'kehe fQj
ls vius vady ds ?kj tkus ds fy, rS;kj gks tk,] ysfdu
,slk dqN ugha gqvkA 'kehe rks nwljk fo"k; fy;s gq;s cSBk
FkkA
vxys fnu Dykl [kRe gksus ds ckn vpkud 'kehe
us dgk pyks lkfcj vady ds ?kj pyrs gSa] ogka ls dqN
uksV~l ysus gSaA lkfcj rks ;gh pkgrk gh FkkA ekSdk Hkh fey
x;k] fQj D;k Fkk] nksuksa g;k ds ?kj igq¡p x,A
?kj dk ekgkSy fcYdqy oSlk gh FkkA iqjjkSud gka
vc ifjp; dh T+k:jr ugha FkhA lkfcj dh f>>d [kRe gks
pqdh FkhA nksuksa us ?kj esa ?kqlrs gh lyke fd;k vkSj nhokj
ds lkFk yxs lksQs ij cSB x,A
ogka flQZ vkUVh Fkha g;k vkSj mldh nksuksa cgus
ckn esa vk;hA vkus ds ckn g;k us eqLdqjkrs gq, iwNk dSls gSa
vki yksx\ dc vk,\ lkfcj us tokc fn;kA
vHkh igq¡ps gSaA Bhd gS eSa vHkh vkbZ dgdj g;k
fdpu dh rjQ pyh xbZA
Sample Copy. Not For Distribution.
fQjksT+k vyh
9
'kehe us rHkh g;k dh cM+h cgu jft+;k ls dgkA
Ckkth eq>s mnwZ ds uksV~l pkfg, vki ns nsa rks ge
ftjkWDl djkdj okil dj nsaxsA
jft+;k us dgk fcYdqy] D;ksa ugha eSa rks rqe yksxksa
ls okil ekaxrh Hkh ugha] ysfdu bldh T+k:jr iM+rh jgrh
gS vkSj vkxs g;k dks Hkh rks bldh T+k:jr iM+sxhA ;g dgrs
gq, oks vYkekjh [kksydj uksV~l <wa<us yxh] rc rd g;k
pk; ysdj vk xbZA
jft+;k us uksV~l 'kehe dks fn;k vkSj dgk&ns[kks
cgqr esgur ls ;g uksV~l rS;kj fd;k gS] /;ku j[kukA rHkh
vkUVh cksy iM+ha] vjs rqe yksx ckrsa gh djrs jgksxsA pk;
B.Mh gks jgh gSA
pk; dh pqLdh ds nkSjku ckrksa dk flyflyk pyrk
jgkA ;gk¡ rd fd] pk; [kRe gks xbZ] ysfdu mudh ckrsa
[kRe gksus dk uke ugha ys jgha FkhaA
blh nkSjku g;k ds ekewtku dejs esa nkf[ky gq;sA
muds gkFk esa feBkbZ dk ,d MCck FkkA
vkrs gh mUgksaus [kq'k[kcjh lqukbZ fd] jft+;k dks tks
yM+ds okys ns[kdj x, Fks] mUgsa gekjh jft+;k ilUn vk xbZ
gS vkSj og yksx dy gh 'kknh dk fnu r; djus vk jgs gSaA
g;k dh vEeh us nqvk esa gkFk mBk;k vkSj dgk Þ;k
[kqnk rsjk yk[k yk[k 'kqØ gS vc ;s 'kknh vPNh rjg ls
iwjh djns esjs ekSykÞA
fQj D;k Fkk] lcds psgjs ij [kq'kh QSy xbZ vkSj
ikl gh cSBh jft+;k 'kekZ ds ogk¡ ls nwljs dejs esa Hkkx xbZA
Sample Copy. Not For Distribution.
uT+kjkuk
10
g;k us rHkh rikd ls cksyk] vkWih viuh 'kknh dh
ckr lqudj 'kekZ xbZaA ns[kk dSls psgjk yky fd;s ;gk¡ ls
Hkkxha gSaA bl ij lck tks fd] jft+;k ls NksVh vkSj g;k ls
cM+h Fkh us g;k dks ?kwj ds ns[kk vkSj dgkA
rqe viuh 'kknh dh ckr lqudj ogha cSBh jguk
vkSj gks lds rks esgeku ds lkFk gh vius llqjky pyh
tkukA cgqr le>nkj curh gS ;s g;k dh cPphA
g;k Hkh dgk¡ cnkZ'r djus okyh FkhA mlus dgk &
eSa vkidks FkksM+s gh uk dqN cksy jgh gw¡A vki D;ksa ijs'kku gks
jgh gS\
ekgkSy fcxM+us okyk gh Fkk fd] blh chp g;k dh
vEeh us lcdks pqi djkrs gq, cksyk & ;gk¡ brus lkjs dke
iM+s gq, gSa vkSj rqEgas etkd vkSj yM+kbZ lw> jgh gSA 'kke
gksus dks Fkh blfy, 'kehe vkSj lkfcj us tkus dh btkt+r
pkghA
rHkh vkUVh us dgk Bhd gS] ysfdu dy lqcg vk
tkuk] dy esgeku vk jgs gSaA csVk vki yksxksa dks gh lkjk
dke laHkkyuk gSA vdsys rqEgkjs vady ijs'kku gks tk,axsA
th vkUVh vki VsU'ku uk ys] ge dy lqcg gh
igq¡p tk,axsA vki cs fQØ jgsa lc dqN Bhd gksxkA
nksuksa us ,d lkFk dgk vkSj pys x,A vxys fnu
okns ds eqrkfcd le; ls 'kehe vkSj lkfcj g;k ds ?kj
igq¡p x,A g;k vius pwM+hnkj vkSj yEch deht okys diM+ksa
esa cgqr [kwclwjr yx jgh FkhA esgekuksa ds Lokxr ds fy,
lkjh rS;kjh 'kehe vkSj lkfcj us feydj eqdEey fd;kA
FkksM+h gh nsj esa esgeku vk x,A dqN vkSipkfjd ckrksa ds
ckn 'kknh dk fnu 25 fnu ds ckn dk r; gks x;k]
Sample Copy. Not For Distribution.
fQjksT+k vyh
11
Get Complete Book
At Educreation Store www.educreation.in
Sample Copy. Not For Distribution.