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Uttar Dinajpur: A Block Level Study on Development
Indicators
Chandan RoyKaliyaganj College
Kaliyaganj, Uttar Dinajpur
Introduction Uttar Dinajpur is the least developed
district in West Bengal. Highest level of illiteracy, low health care
and low livelihood access. No adequate support was provided in
planning periods. Regional disparities across the blocks are
at substantial level.
Objective To address few multidimensional
development issues across different blocks
To express the need of area-specific, indicator specific development policies for restructuring development process
Methodology 3 Broad Indicators chosen to capture
economic backwardness across the blocks 1. Demographic Attributes, 2. Livelihood
Indicators, 3. Infrastructure Facilities, Few sub indicators chosen to capture
specific development indicators at Block Level
Then we constructed Composite Index of each broad indicators
Composite Index CI= ∑XI / N, where
XI = xi /x¯ xi= Block Level Variable at i-th indicator ¯x= District Level Average in i-th Indicator N= Number of total sub-indicators used Broad
Indicator at Block Level; CI ≥1 implies Blocks are in Better situation compared
to average district level performance;CI ≤ 1, implies regional backwardness of the block
Demographic Attributes (i) Population Growth: Migration led
population growth is dominating than natural growth, which represents better availability of economic resources; District PG = 28.72% (91-01) State PG = 17.84% (91-01) Better Blocks = Chopra, Goalpokhar-II,
Karandighi Worse Blocks= Itahar, Raiganj
Demographic Attributes (ii) Population Density: Better economic
opportunities District PD = 778/ sq km State PD = 904/ sq km Better Blocks = Islampur, Karandighi, Raiganj Worst Blocks = Chopra ( with high PG)
Demographic Attributes (iii) Sex Ratio : represents gendered
growth District SR : 942 ( 2001) State SR : 932 (2001) Better blocks : Itahar, Karandighi, Islampur Worst Block : Chopra
Demographic Attributes Literacy Rate : Catalyst of development;
It stimulates agricultural mechanization, earning capabilities, school enrolment and reduces mortality rate
Average Literacy rate of the district is perennially lowest due to worse performance of Goalpokhar-I & II, Karandighi
Better Blocks = Hemtabad, Kaliyaganj
Construction of CI on DA
Blocks PG PD SR LR AS (Rank)
Chopra 1.2 .76 0.99 0.9 0.96 VIslampur .96 1.09 1.00 0.81 0.97IVGoalpokhar-I .93 .90 0.99 0.66 0.87VII
Goalpokhar-II 1.2 .90 0.99 0.71 0.95VII
Karandighi 1.3 1.06 1.01 0.78 1.05 IIRaiganj .81 1.42 0.99 1.08 1.08 IHemtabad .87 0.79 0.99 1.18 0.95 VIKaliyaganj .92 0.98 1.00 1.13 1.01 IIIItahar .35 0.88 1.02 0.99 0.81 IX
Livelihood Indicators (i) Net Cultivable Land/ agricultural labor :
Captures pressure on land Positive dimension of Development District Avg: 0.37 Better Blocks: Chopra, Islampur, Hemtabad Worse Blocks: Raiganj, Kaliyaganj, Itahar
(ii) Cultivator/Agricultural Labor: Represents positive impact of Land Reform District Average: 0.75 Better Blocks: Goalpokhar-I, Raiganj, Kaliyaganj Worst Blocks: Karandighi
Livelihood Indicators (iii) Rice Yields: Being principal food, it
indicates +ve dimension of development District Avg: 2368 kg/ha Better Blocks: Karandighi, Hemtabad, Raiganj Worse Blocks: Goalpokhar-II, Chopra
(iv)% of HHI: Represents the strength of dependence on secondary sector Best Block: Karandighi Worse Blocks: Goalpokhar-I, Chopra
Livelihood Indicators NREGS Beneficiaries : Launched in the
district in 2006 13th rank in issuance of job cards Better Blocks: Raiganj, Goalpokhar –I, Itahar Worse Blocks: Hemtabad, Kaliyaganj, ,
Goalpokhar-II
Construction of CI on LIBlocks NCA/AW Cult /AL Rice Yld % HHI NREGS AS (R)
Chopra 1.57 1.19 0.80 0.41 0.99 0.99IV
Islampur 1.17 1.15 0.75 0.43 0.91 0.88VIII
Goalpokhar-I
0.92 1.43 0.98 1.29 1.15 1.11 II
Goalpokhar-II
1.27 0.81 1.03 0.73 0.89 0.95 V
Karandighi
0.95 0.75 1.19 2.65 1.08 1.32 I
Raiganj 0.86 0.85 1.05 0.62 1.43 1.00 III
Hemtabad
1.16 0.83 1.10 0.54 0.57 0.84 IX
Kaliyaganj
0.89 1.24 0.96 0.65 0.87 0.92 VII
Itahar 0.86 0.96 0.98 0.84 1.09 0.95 V
Infrastructure Indicator (i) No. of Health Centers: Represents
health facilities, thereby positive indicator of development Better Blocks : Itahar,GoalpokharI&II, Chopra Worse Blocks: Raiganj, Islampur
(ii) No. of Hospital-Beds/ 1000: WHO Norm : 3 State Norm: 1 District Avg: 0.17
Infrastructure Indicator (iii) No of Schools/1000 persons:
Better Blocks : Hemtabad, Kaliyaganj Worse Blocks: Goalpokhar-I,Karandighi
(iv) Teacher Pupil ratio: National Norm: 0.025 (40 PTR) Dist Average : 0.015 (66 PTR) Better Blocks: Kaliyaganj, Raiganj, Hemtabad Worse Blocks: Goalpokhar I & II, Chopra
Infrastructure Indicator (v) % of villages connected by paved
roads : Represents positive dimension Helps in raising Income, living condition,
education Better Blocks: Raiganj, Chopra, Itahar Worse Blocks: Goalpokhar II, Itahar
Construction of CI on LIBlocks HC/
1000HB/1000 Schools/
1000TPR Vilg wid
pavd road(%)
AS (R)
Chopra 1.14 0.47 1.28 0.78 1.05 0.94 VI
Islampur 0.88 1.29 1.05 0.84 0.98 1.01 V
Goalpokhar-I
1.19 0.35 0.97 0.78 1.06 0.87 VIII
Goalpokhar-II
1.07 0.53 1.12 0.78 0.89 0.88VII
Karandighi
1.02 0.53 0.87 0.87 0.93 0.84IX
Raiganj 0.81 1.94 1.05 1.35 1.01 1.23 III
Hemtabd 1.18 1.41 1.58 1.29 0.85 1.26 I
Kaliyaganj
0.95 1.41 1.43 1.42 1.07 1.25 II
Itahar 1.22 0.53 1.44 1.18 1.01 1.08 IV
Way AheadBlocks DA LI IIChopra Emp Op, Lit, G Ag Yield, HHI HB, TPR
Islampur Emp Opp, Lit Ag Yield, HHI HC, TPR, VPR
Goalpokhar-I Emp Op, Lit.G Ag Yield, NCA HB, Sch, TPR
Goalpokhar-II Lit. G Land Distn, HHI HB, TPR, VPR
Karandighi Lit, NCA, Land Distn HB, Sch, TPR, VPR
Raiganj Emp Opp,G NCA, Land Dstn HC
Hemtabad Emp Opp.G Land Dist, HHI VPR
Kaliyaganj Emp opp NCA, Ag Yield, HHI
VPR
Itahar Emp Opp NCA, Ag Yield, Land distn, HHI
HB
Way Ahead Overall development program is in
effective Inequality lies in backwardness of the
districts Area specific and Parameter specific
development is prescribed