Vagdevi Vilas e-Newsletter Jan 15.pdf · Vagdevi Vilas Vignan Patrika Books are infinite in number,...

Volume: I Issue: 6 January 2015

Vagdevi Vilas Vignan Patrika

Books are infinite in number, and time is short. The secret of knowledge is to take what is essential. Take thatand try to live up to it - Swami Vivekananda

Chairman’s Note

My Dear Students,

Among the 84 lakh species of living beings, human being stands out unique,special and extraordinary, owing to his reasoning, logical thinking, analytical,comprehension skills and more than anything, his capacity to imagine!

Our vision is limited to a narrow bandwidth, our audibility is limited to a smallbandwidth and capacities of our senses are greatly limited. Despite all these limitations,human being is able to climb the top of the evolution ladder. All these are possiblebecause of his skills and intelligence.

There is a budding scientist in every student, who is highly inquisitive andcurious about various things happening around him. This curiosity should move us tothe next stage of experimentation, observation, analysis and comprehension.

I am sure that ‘Vagdevi Vilas Vignan Patrika’ will kindle the scientific spirit inevery student and help to transform into a budding scientist.

I congratulate and thank all those who have contributed to this news bulletinbecoming a reality.

- Shri. K. HarishChairman, Vagdevi Vilas Institutions

1




Chairman’s Note

My Dear Students,







1




Chairman’s Note

My Dear Students,







1



Editor’s NoteWe have reasons to commence the New Year with a bang of a happy note of success and

celebration. Kum. Dhanushree D and Kum. Lavanya Hemanth of Grade X have broughtlaurels to our school, bagging gold medal for their project at the INSEF National fair heldrecently at Chennai. The prize winners who won the accolades under the guidance of Smt.Anitha Sukhdev of R & D Department are eligible to participate in the International Sciencefair I-SWEEP, to be held in USA in the month of May 2015. We congratulate to thewinners and the guide.

We have included the introductory notes on those scientists, who were born in the month ofJanuary. The Nation commemorated the birth of Swami Vivekananda on 12/1/15 as NationalYouth Day. Swamiji’s thought on cosmology reflected in the following pages, throws light onthe prowess of extending his thought process as a practical scientist.

An interesting article on celebration of Makara Sankranthi giving its scientific importance isalso included in this month’s issue.

The Science magazine is brought out every month encouraging young minds to bescientifically motivated. Hence the readers are requested to send their valuable feedback andco-operate.

- R & D DepartmentVagdevi Vilas Institutions

Knowledge can only be got in one way, the way of experience. There is no other way to know.- Swami Vivekananda

Chairman’s Note 1Editor’s Note 2Yet another proud moment 3Great Scientists and their inventions 4Swami Vivekananda’s view on Cosmology 6Raman Effect 8Makara Sankranthi. The festival of science and spirituality 9Shooting of steel Spheres 10Fun for all 11

Contents Page Number

2












2












2



We are proud of our Students of Grade X Kum.Lavanya Hemanth andKum.Dhanushree.D, for winning Gold Medal at the INSEF National Fair, held at Chennai on10th.Jan.2015. They presented their research project called ECO-PCP FILTERS which wasdesigned and developed under the guidance of Smt.Anitha Sukhdev, Research facilitator atR & D Department.

The Eco-PCP Filters they designed can be used as a nasal or facial mask and also forwindow panes of offices/houses. The filter effectively eliminates air pollutants, pollen grainsand other particulate air impurities and helps us breathe in pollutants free air.

When asked to brief about the origin of the idea, Lavanya and Dhanushree explained:

“While coming to school and going back home, we always used to think of some kind of maskwhich can let us breathe dust free air. When we approached the Research Department in ourschool, our guide explained us that the most common designs available in present day marketare found to use a 1 stage or 2 stage filtration principle. This basic idea of mask designs thatour guide suggested helped us to develop the Efficient Pollen cum Pollutant Filter, whichcan be used as facial mask and also as window screens of houses and office buildings”.

The project is selected to compete at International level in the world’s biggest Sciencefair, I-SWEEEP to be held at Houston, USA in the month of May.

I-SWEEEP – The International Sustainable World Energy Engineering and EnvironmentProject is a Science Fair competition open to High School students of nearly 80 countries fromall over the world. We congratulate and wish our students and their Guide all the very best forthe I-SWEEEP competitions.

Yet another proud moment….

We have matter and force. The matter, we do not know how, disappears into force and force intomatter. Therefore there is something which is neither force nor matter, as these two may not disappearinto each other. This is what we call the universal mind. - Swami Vivekananda

3











3











3



Knowledge is nothing but finding unity in the midst of diversity - Swami Vivekananda

4

Satyendra Bose:Physicist Satyendra Nath Bose, born on 1st

January, 1894, in Calcutta, India, discovered whatbecame known as Bosons or God Particle and went onto work with Albert Einstein to define one of two basicclasses of subatomic particles.

Bose received a Bachelor of Science in MixedMathematics in 1913 from Presidency College and Masterof Science in 1915 from Calcutta University .He became aResearch Scholar and began his studies on Theory ofRelativity. He derived Planck’s Quantum radiation lawwithout referencing classical Physics.

Einstein had adopted Bose's idea and extended itto atoms, which led to the prediction of the existence ofphenomena that became known as the Bose-EinsteinCondensate, a dense collection of bosons - particles withinteger spin that were named after Bose.

Har Gobind KhoranaThis famous biochemist was born on January 9, 1922

in Raipur. He studied in University of Punjab and later inUniversity of Liverpool, England.

In the 1960s Khorana confirmed Nirenberg’s findingsthat the way the four different types of nucleotides arearranged on the spiral staircase of the DNA moleculedetermines the chemical composition and function of anew cell. The 64 possible combinations of the nucleotidesare read off along a strand of DNA as required to producethe desired amino acids, which are the building blocks ofproteins. Khorana added details about which serialcombinations of nucleotides form with specific aminoacids. He also proved that the nucleotide code is alwaystransmitted to the cell in groups of three, called Codons.Khorana also determined that some of the codons promptthe cell to start or stop the manufacture of proteins.

Great Scientists and their Inventions:




4












4











James WattJames Watt was a great Scottish engineer of the 18th centurywas born in Greenock on 19 January 1736. As a boy Wattwent to the local grammar school where he learned theclassics and mathematics and also liked making models. Heas an inventor, engineer and scientist;• radically improved the steam engine, beginning theindustrial revolution.• invented high pressure steam engines capable of evenhigher efficiencies, but the technology of the time was notcapable of operating them safely.• introduced the word Horsepower to describe an engine’spower output. Mostly, we now use watts to measure power,although engine power is still often rated in horsepower.• was the first person to propose that water was made ofhydrogen combined with oxygen.

Stephen Hawking

Stephen Hawking, a British theoretical physicist, was bornon 8th January , 1942.

Hawking has made many important contributions to thefields of cosmology and quantum gravity. He is also knownfor his bestselling book A Brief History of Time.

Hawking has worked extensively on the subject of blackholes, providing theories for their behaviour, including theidea that they emit radiation.

Hawking suffers from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, a type ofmotor neuron disease that has left him almost completelyparalyzed.

Some of the awards Hawking has received for his workinclude the 1979 Albert Einstein Medal, the Order of theBritish Empire (Commander) in 1982 and the 1988 WolfPrize in Physics.

Famous Stephen Hawking quotes include: “There ought tobe something very special about the boundary conditions ofthe universe and what can be more special than that thereis no boundary?”

5




Stephen Hawking







5




Stephen Hawking







5



Cosmology is a branch of astronomy that deals withthe general structure and evolution of the universe. SwamiVivekananda has explained the process of the Origin ofthe universe based on his knowledge of the Vedantaphilosophy and has convincingly correlated it with modernscientific theories. His exposition about Cosmology is asfollows:

“The next thing to consider is whence all these thingscome. The answer is: What is meant by coming? If itmeans that something can be produced out of nothing, it isimpossible. All this creation, manifestation, cannot beproduced out of zero. Nothing can be produced without acause, and the effect is but the cause reproduced. Here isa glass. Suppose we break it to pieces, and pulverise it,and by means of chemicals almost annihilate it.

Will it go back to zero? Certainly not. The form will break, but the particles of which it ismade will be there; they will go beyond our senses, but they remain, and it is quite possiblethat out of these materials another glass may be made. If this is true in one case, it will beso in every case. Something cannot be made out of nothing, nor can something be made togo back to nothing. It may become finer and finer, and then again grosser and grosser. Theraindrop is drawn from the ocean in the form of vapour, and drifts away through the air tothe mountains; there it changes again into water and flows back through hundreds of milesdown to the mother ocean. The seed produces the tree. The tree dies, leaving only theseed. Again it comes up as another tree, which again ends in the seed, and so on. Look ata bird, how from the egg it springs, becomes a beautiful bird, lives its life and then dies,leaving only other eggs, and containing germs of future birds. So with the animals; so withmen. Everything begins, as it were, from certain seeds, certain rudiments, certain fineforms, and becomes grosser and grosser as it develops; and then again it goes back to thatfine form and subsides.

Knowledge is power, and getting one you get the other. By knowledge you can even banish the material world-Swami Vivekananda

6

Swami Vivekananda’s view on Cosmology:







6








6




The whole universe is going on in this way. There comes a time when this wholeuniverse melts down and becomes finer and at last disappears entirely, as it were, butremains as superfine matter. We know through modern science and astronomy that thisearth is cooling down, and in course of time it will become very cold, and then it will break topieces and become finer and finer until it becomes ether once more. Yet the particles will allremain to form the material out of which another earth will be projected. Again that willdisappear, and another will come out.

So this universe will go back to its causes, and again its materials will come togetherand take form, like the wave that goes down, rises again, and takes shape. The acts ofgoing back to causes and coming out again, taking form, are called in Sanskrit Sankochaand Vikâsa, which mean shrinking and expanding.

The whole universe, as it were, shrinks, and then it expands again. To use the moreaccepted words of modern science, they are involved and evolved. You hear aboutevolution, how all forms grow from lower ones, slowly growing up and up. This is very true,but each evolution presupposes an involution. We know that the sum total of energy that isdisplayed in the universe is the same at all times, and that matter is indestructible. By nomeans can you take away one particle of matter. You cannot take away a foot-pound ofenergy or add one. The sum total is the same always. Only the manifestation varies, beinginvolved and evolved. So this cycle is the evolution out of the involution of the previouscycle, and this cycle will again be involved, getting finer and finer, and out of that will comethe next cycle. The whole universe is going on in this fashion. Thus we find that there is nocreation in the sense that something is created out of nothing. To use a better word, there ismanifestation.”

To Conclude:

“Something cannot be made out of nothing, nor can something be made to go backto nothing.”

Compiled by:Sri.BalasubramhanyaR & D Department

7






To Conclude:



7






To Conclude:



7



Raman Effect also known as Raman Scattering is the change in thewavelength of light that occurs when a light beam is deflected bymolecules.When a beam of light traverses through a dust free, transparentsample of a chemical compound, a small fraction of the light emergesin directions other than that of incident beam. Most of this scatteredlight is of unchanged wavelength. A small part however, haswavelength different from that of the incident light and its presence isthe result of Raman Effect. The phenomenon is named after Indianphysicist Sir.Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman.It was discovered by C.V. Raman and K.S. Krishnan in liquids, by G.Landsberg andL.I.Mandelstam in crystals. The effect had been predicted theoretically by Adolf Smekal in1923, although observations of the effect were published in the year 1928.In a gas, Raman Effect can occur with a change in energy of a molecule due to a transition.Chemists are primarily concerned with the transitional Raman Effect.

Applications of the Raman Effect:1. Raman Spectroscopy employs the Raman Effect for substance analysis. The spectrum ofthe Raman scattered light depends on the molecular constituents present and their state,allowing the spectrum to be used for material identification and analysis.For solid materials, Raman scattering is used as a tool to detect High Frequency Phonon andMagnon excitations.2. Raman amplification is used in optical amplifiers.3. Raman Lidar is used in atmospheric physics to measure the atmospheric extinctioncoefficient and water vapour vertical distribution.4. Stimulated Raman transitions are also widely used for manipulating a trapped ion’s energylevels

Compiled by:Siddhartha Basu, ( X A), VVS-M

8

Educate and raise the masses, and thus alone a nation is possible – Swami Vivekananda

Raman Effect:

Schematics of Raman Lidarsystem at Otlica Observatory






8


Raman Effect:







8


Raman Effect:




Makar Sankranti is a festival of nature. In the absenceof Nature, we cannot live even for a moment. MakarSankranti is a way or synonym to thank for this blessing. Sunis a cause factor of life, light and growth. It is an integral partof our life. The arrival of sun in the morning, not just start theroutine of humans but all other living beings.

If we look in the geographical science, we find thatequator divides earth into southern and northern hemisphere.Before Makar Sankranti, sun is in the southern hemispherethat is tropic of Capricorn. But, after this, the sun start movingtowards the northern hemisphere.

This marks the transition of the Sun into the zodiac signof Makara rashi (Capricorn) on its celestial path. The day isalso believed to mark the arrival of spring in India and is atraditional event. Makara Sankranthi is a solar event makingone of the few Indian festivals which fall on the same date inthe Gregorian calendar every year: 14 January, with someexceptions when the festival is celebrated on 13 or 15January.

Medicinal Importance of Makar Sankranti

On the day of Sankranthi, items made of til and jaggeryare eaten and distributed. According to Ayurveda, having tilon Makar Sankranti, prevents from arthritis disorders.

Compiled by:Smt. Kalai SelviTeacher - VVS-V

9

Fill the brain with high thoughts, highest ideals, place them day and night before you, and out of that will comegreat work. - Swami Vivekananda

MAKARA SANKARANTHI -THE FESTIVAL OF SCIENCE AND SPRITUALITY









9











9





A toy was launched in America recently which drew the attention of all physicists. Theconstruction of the toy was made with following principle:

Two or three steel spheres were attached to a neodymium magnet as shown in the figure.One more steel ball was gently rolled towards the magnet. As soon as the ball struck themagnet, the ball that was placed farthest from the magnet shot off at a very high speed.

This phenomenon appeared to violate the law of conservation of momentum. Can we usethis principle to construct any mechanism is a topic of research.

The reason given by physicists to this phenomenon is as follows: The steel ball, even if itstarts with a small velocity, undergoes a rapid change in its speed as it approaches themagnet. The speed of the ball just before colliding with the magnet will be very largecompared to what it started with. The collision transfers the momentum to the magnetwhich, in turn, passes it on to the steel balls. The farthest one being attracted only weaklylaunches off at high speed.

Compiled by:Sri. Abhilash MadhavaR & D Facilitator, VVS-M

10

Shooting Steel Spheres:

Religion as a science, as a study, is the greatest and healthiest exercise that the human mind can have.- Swami Vivekananda








10










10





Education is the manifestation of the perfection already in man - Swami Vivekananda

Fun for All

Vinegar trap to get rid of Fruit Flies:

Materials needed: a glass, a plastic bag largeenough to fit over glass, a rubber band,

scissors, and apple cider vinegar

What to do:Pour a small amount – an inch or so ofapple cider vinegar into the glass. The cidervinegar has a nice, fruity aroma that fruit

flies simply cannot resist. Using the scissors,snip the corner off the plastic baggie. This shouldcreate a hole just large enough for fruit fliesto pass through, but not so large that it will be easy forthem to escape.Place the baggie over the glass, and position the holeyou've cut over the center. Push the snipped cornerdown into the glass so the baggie forms a funnel in theglass, but doesn't touch the vinegar. Use the rubberband to secure the baggie to the glass.What happens?

Fruit flies will fly into the glass, pass through the holein the baggie, and become trapped in the glass. Withina few days, you should notice an accumulation ofdead fruit flies floating in the vinegar. Empty the trapas needed, and refill it with fresh apple cider vinegar.

Did you know?1. The slowest fish is the Seahorse, which moves along at about 2.5 cm per minute.

2. Giraffes have no vocal cords and their tongues are blue-black in colour. 3. Elephants can smell water about 4 - 5 kilometres away. 4. The leg bones of a bat are so thin that they cannot walk. 5. A cat has 32 muscles in each ear.

Just Try!

A farmer has six baskets with chickenand duck eggs. He is taking his basketsto the market to sell. Basket A has 20eggs, basket B has 14 eggs, basket Cgas 23 eggs, basket D has 6 eggs,basket E has 5 eggs and basket F has12 eggs.

The farmer points to a particular basketand says ‘if I sell all the eggs in thisbasket, I shall have twice as manychicken eggs left as duck eggs.’

Which was the basket he was pointingat?

Send your answers to:

[email protected]

Answer to ‘Just try’ issued in the month ofDecember 2014 is -

Ram & Raj Cross with Torch 2 minsRam Returns with Torch 1 min

Shyam & Dhyan Cross withTorch 10 mins

Raj Returns with Torch 2 minsRam & Raj Cross with Torch 2 mins

17 11




Fun for All









Just Try!





[email protected]





17 11




Fun for All









Just Try!





[email protected]





17 11

mailto:[email protected]



Date post:	08-Mar-2018
Category:	Documents
Upload:	vannhi
View:	214 times
Download:	0 times

Vagdevi Vilas e-Newsletter Jan 15.pdf · Vagdevi Vilas Vignan Patrika Books are infinite in number,...

Documents