Vanadium Accelerated PCR

Vanadium Accelerated PCRDylan bommHussain Al MarzooqiValerio GaniVanadium accelerates polymerase chain reaction and expands the applicabilityof forensic DNA testing

Junko Kaminiwa MS, Nursing Scientist, Katsuya Honda MD, PhD, Forensic Scientist, Yukiko Sugano PhD, Medicine Historian, Shizue Yano MD, Forensic Pathologist, Takeki Nishi MS, Forensic Scientist, Yuko Sekine MD, Forensic Pathologist

IntroductionPoor quality of DNA in forensics analysis.Small amounts of DNA.Increasing of sensitivity and specificity of PCR was needed.New method was needed.Research was conducted in the University of Tsukuba, Japan.Vanadium was use as specimen element to increase yield. What is Vanadium?An abundant element found in the earths crust.Most commonly use in steel alloysKnown to be a trace element in growth in mammals.

AimsTo test wether Vanadium has ability's to enhance PCR for application to forensic DNA analysis.To increase the sensitivity and specificity of PCR by using Vanadium.To gain results for DNA analysis with samples of low quality and quantity.

The Specifics Questions addressed. The Goals of the Research. MethodsResearch done by comparison with different concentrations of Vanadium enhanced buffer to determine the effect of the element on PRC

The research was carried out in early 2012

How the Research was UndertakenWhen the Research was UndertakenMethods

Use of genomic human DNA use as a PCR template.The control was from the mtDNA region.Geneamp PCR system was use to preform PCR amplification.A 3 step PCR thermolcycle was used.A series of Vanadium tetrachloride enhanced buffers ranging form 0 to 2.4g/ml.

Techniques UndertakenMethodsThrough comparative results with set parameters and variables such as different concentrations and quantity of vanadium and DNA matter.The data gained from a master mix kitAnd different loci sections of the Y chromosome and mtDNA.

How was the data analysed ResultsAmplification plotsWeights and concentrations Photo resultsThe effects of different concentrations of vanadium on set samples of DNA (including a control sample and mtDNA)The effects of a set concentration of Vanadium (1.5g/ml) on the amplification of different sample sizes of DNAWhat data was collectedWhat did the data showResultsThe effects of different concentrations of vanadium on set samples of DNA (including a control sample and mtDNA)

What did the data show

Figure 1Figure 3Figure 2ResultsThe effects of a set concentration of Vanadium (1.5g/ml) on the amplification of different sample sizes of DNA

Figure 4ResultsAmplification plot

DiscussionThe results were of high significance given that it was tested in different concentrations of vanadium in comparison to no vanadium The results went on to show the effects of Vanadium on 3 different autosomal chromosomes.

Discussion The study demonstrated that it was possible to get positive results with low sample quality/sizeThe use of a metal compound in forensic DNA analysis

Conclusion The study provided evidence that PCR is remarkable enhance with the edition of Vanadium

IntroDNA analysis is can play a major part in forensic investigation, however same sample may be of too poor a quality or to small a sample for PCR and thus failing to gain a positive result.This article explains and showcases the results of PCR enhanced with a metal compound.The addition of Vanadium in the PCR could help yield useable results that could potentially exclude of convict someone.This research was carried out in Tsukuba, Japan.

AimsThe goals of the research were to determine that with the addition of the Vanadium enhanced buffer could amplify samples that where previously methods were unable to.The question being asked was would the addition of such a metal that has be known from medical properties and has been considered an essential trace element for growth and reproduction in mammals be a suitable catalyst to increase PCR results.

MethodsResultsDiscussionThe results show a significant increase of product from the addition of the Vanadium enhanced buffer, where other results have failed.This information is useful in the sense that previously unusable samples wether due to poor quality of little quantity will now be useable in forensic DNA analysis.The results in contrast to other studys is something unseen given little of what's known about Vanadium in biological systems. And the little coloration between Vanadium, the earths crust and speculated DNA activity associated with volcanic activity.The method used here could potentially provide many new door in not only the forensic field but also that of biomedicine.ConclusionIn conclusion the this study demonstrated the first evidence that PCR can be massivly enhanced with the addition of Vanadium, at the optimal concentration that was also determined in this study (1.5-1.7g/ml).