VARDHAMAN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING · VARDHAMAN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING (AUTONOMOUS) Four Year B. Tech...

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VARDHAMAN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

(AUTONOMOUS) Four Year B. Tech VIII Semester Regular Examinations, May - 2015

(Regulations: VCE-R11) INDUSTRIAL MANAGEMENT AND PSYCHOLOGY

(Common to Computer Science and Engineering & Information Technology) Date: 25 May, 2015 AN Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 75

Answer ONE question from each Unit All Questions Carry Equal Marks

Unit – I

1. a) Which of Fayol’s Principles of management do you think are relevant to present day organizations?

8M

b) Explain Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory.

7M

2. a) What is the need for organizational structure? 8M b) Compare and contrast line, staff and functional authority.

7M

Unit – II

3. a) What is plant location? What is an ideal location? 8M b) What are the steps In making a time study?

7M

4. a) What are the types of plant layout and list advantages of product layout? 8M b) Define work sampling and list its applications.

7M

Unit – III

5. a) List out the differences between PERT and CPM. 5M b) The following table lists the jobs of a network with their estimates.

Job i-j

Duration (days) Optimistic (to) Most likely (tm) Pessimistic (tp)

1-2 3 6 15 1-6 2 5 14 2-3 6 12 30 2-4 2 5 8 3-5 5 11 17 4-5 3 6 15 6-7 3 9 27 5-8 1 4 7 7-8 4 19 28

i. Draw the project network ii. Calculate the length and variance of the critical path iii. What is the probability that the jobs on the critical path will be completed in 41

days

10M

6. a) Define a control chart. Mention its purpose and advantages. 8M b) Elaborate on C-chart.

7M

Cont…2

:: 2 ::

Unit – IV

7. a) Discuss the various parameters that need to be considered while making purchase decision.

8M

b) What is inventory? Justify the need for keeping inventories.

7M

8. a) Define HRM. What are its objectives and supporting functions? 7M b) What is product life cycle? Explain characteristics and marketing implications for each

stage of product life cycle.

8M

Unit – V

9. a) Write elaborately on the scope of industrial psychology. 8M b) What is the nature of industrial fatigue?

7M

10. a) Write elaborate notes on group dynamics. 8M b) Elaborate on theory Y and theory X. 7M



(AUTONOMOUS) B. Tech VIII Semester Regular Examinations, May - 2015

(Regulations: VCE-R11) GRID AND CLOUD COMPUTING (Computer Science and Engineering)

Date: 27 May, 2015 AN Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 75


Unit - I 1. a) Define cloud computing. Write the purpose of IaaS, PaaS and SaaS in cloud computing. 9M b) With necessary equations discuss Amdahl’s law and Gustafson’s law. 6M 2. a) Explain briefly the following parallel and distributed programming models and tool sets:

i. Mapreduce ii. Hadoop Library

7M

b) What is a computing cluster? With a neat diagram, illustrate the architecture of the computing cluster.

8M

Unit – II 3. a) Write and discuss the data-centre networking structure. 5M b) Write a diagram for layered architectural development of the cloud platform for IaaS,

PaaS and SaaS applications and discuss.

10M

4. a) Explain various forms of resource provisioning in cloud computing briefly. 10M b) Discuss the working of GAE public cloud. 5M

Unit – III 5. a) Explain briefly the technologies that make up the core of today’s web services. 9M b) Discuss the basic workflow concept.

6M 6. a) With a neat diagram explain WS-1 and WS-2 and its related specification. 9M b) With a diagram discuss the working of publish-subscribe model for implementing

asynchronous interactions among distributed applications. 6M

Unit – IV 7. a) Describe any six cloud platform capabilities. 8M b) Explain the use of Map Reduce programming model to solve word-count problem.

7M 8. a) With a neat diagram explain programming environment for Google App Engine. 10M b) Give the differences between big table and NOSQL databases. 5M

Unit – V 9. a) Write a note on hierarchical classification of the grid job scheduling methods. 9M b) Discuss the layered grids service protocols and their relationship with internet service

protocols.

6M

10. a) Write the diagram of a grid resource management system by Globus and explain. 9M b) List and explain various grid data access models. 6M


VARDHAMAN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING (AUTONOMOUS)

B. Tech VIII Semester Regular Examinations, May - 2015 (Regulations: VCE-R11)

DISTRIBUTED DATABASES (Computer Science and Engineering)



Unit – I

1. a) Compare the features of centralized databases versus distributed databases. 8M b) What are the important objectives that motivate the feature of reference architecture of

DDBMS?

7M

2. a) State and explain the rules to be followed while defining the fragments in Distributed Databases.

5M

b) Discuss the different types of fragmentation schemes with an example. 10M

Unit – II

3. a) Define a Transaction. What are its properties? Explain the various goals of transaction management.

10M

b) Discuss processes and server model for distributed transactions.

5M

4. a) Explain the reference architecture of distributed transaction recovery. 8M b) What are the methods to prevent the distributed deadlocks? Explain.

7M

Unit – III

5. a) Discuss the problems in designing a reliable distributed database system. 8M b) Explain the state transition diagram of 2PC protocol.

7M

6. a) Differentiate between write locks all and weighted majority locking. 10M b) Explain the principle of primary copy locking. 5M

Unit – IV

7. a) Explain the Object server architecture in detail. 8M b) Explain the page server architecture in detail.

7M

8. a) Query processing and optimization more difficult in object DBMSs – Justify. 10M b) What are object identifiers? Explain briefly the two types of object identifiers. 5M

Unit – V

9. a) Give the dynamic approach algorithm for distributed query optimization. 8M b) Discuss the issues in multidatabase query processing.

7M

10. a) Explain the database integration process in detail. 8M b) Write a brief note on CORBA. 7M




INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEM (Computer Science and Engineering, Information Technology)



Unit – I

1. a) Define Information retrieval system. Mention the different objectives used to define information retrieval system.

6M

b) Discuss the functional overview of a total information storage and retrieval system with a neat diagram.

9M

2. a) Mention the different measures associated with information system. Explain in brief. 7M b) What are the similarities and differences between use of fuzzy searches and term

masking? What are the potentials for each to introduce errors?

8M

Unit – II

3. a) What are the objectives of indexing over cataloging? 7M b) What is automatic indexing? What are the advantages and disadvantages of manual

indexing over automatic indexing? Explain how automatic indexing solves the problems of manual indexing.

8M

4. a) Explain the usage of the stemming algorithms. 7M b) Create the Bigrams, Trigrams and Pentagrams for the word “sea colony”.

8M

Unit – III

5. a) What are the guidelines to determine the class(s) to which each item will be assigned? 7M b) Explain the linear and non linear architectures for an implementation of neural nets.

8M

6. a) What are the decisions associated with the generation of thesauri that are not part of item clustering?

8M

b) Use the following data to generate Term-Term Matrix and Term-relationship matrix. Assume that the threshold value is 10.

Term 1 Term 2 Term 3 Term 4 Term 5 Term 6 Term 7 Term 8 Item 1 0 4 0 0 0 2 1 3 Item 2 3 1 4 3 1 2 0 1

Item 3 3 0 0 0 3 0 3 0 Item 4 0 1 0 3 0 0 2 0

Item 5 2 2 2 3 1 4 0 2

7M

Unit – IV

7. a) With the help of neat diagram, explain Fast Data finder architecture. 7M b) Mention the different reasons to evaluate the effectiveness of an information retrieval

system. Explain in brief.

Cont…2

8M

:: 2 ::

8. a) Describe the different measures used in the system evaluation with the help of neat diagram.

9M

b) What problems in information system evaluation does TREC solve? What are the problems with TREC as a source of algorithm evaluation?

6M

Unit – V

9. a) Define multimedia information retrieval? What are the elements taken into consideration When indexing text, audio, video and imaginary?

7M

b) Explain the classic information retrieval models.

8M

10. a) Explain the different models for browsing. 7M b) Explain the key word based querying techniques. 8M




(Regulations: VCE-R11) SEMANTIC WEB AND SOCIAL NETWORKS

(Computer Science and Engineering) Date: 29 May, 2015 AN Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 75


Unit – I

1. a) What is Artificial Intelligence (AI)? Explain briefly strong AI and weak AI. 7M b) What is an intelligent agent? What are it’s properties? What are the problems faced by

them?

8M

2. a) How can a program compare conceptual information across two knowledge bases on the Web? Explain.

10M

b) Explain briefly web ontology language.

5M

Unit – II

3. a) With a neat diagram discuss how ontologies play a special role in the architecture of semantic web.

7M

b) Explain briefly OWL.

8M

4. a) What is the key idea of semantic web? Give the core issues of it and explain. 8M b) What is RDF? Discuss the similarities between XML and RDF.

7M

Unit – III

5. a) “An ontology on the web will combine a taxonomy with a set of inference rule” Discuss. 8M b) Differentiate the following:

i. Logic and predicate logic ii. Monotonic and non-monotonic rules iii. Rule and inference

7M

6. a) Which are the three fields that contribute to knowledge representation? 9M b) Describe forward chaining inference with respect to rule based system.

6M

Unit – IV

7. a) Explain Latent semantic index search briefly. 7M b) List and explain briefly the steps for creating an OWL-S based ontology for web services.

8M

8. a) What is semantic search? Explain the approaches to improve search results through semantic methods.

7M

b) Explain bio informatics.

8M

Unit – V

9. a) What is Social Network Analysis? Write a note on development of SNA. 8M b) With the help of a diagram explain the generic architecture of semantic web application.

7M

10. a) Explain briefly content analysis. 7M b) What are the two features of web pages that are considered as the basis of extracting

social relations? 8M




(Regulations: VCE-R11) AD-HOC AND SENSOR NETWORKS

(Information Technology) Date: 27 May, 2015 AN Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 75


Unit - I 1. a) Discuss the following with respect to MANETS:

i. Characteristics of MANET ii. Applications of MANETs

7M

b) With an example topology explain Greedy packet forwarding strategy.

8M 2. a) What are position Based Routing schemes? Describe the principles and issues involved

in position Based routing along with building blocks required for such routing schemes. 7M

b) Explain the following Proactive Routing Approaches : i. The Wireless Routing Protocol ii. The Optimized Link State Routing Protocol

8M

Unit – II 3. a) Differentiate between broadcast, multicast and geocast routing protocols in Ad Hoc

networks? 7M

b) Explain briefly Ad Hoc Broadcast Protocol (AHBP).

8M 4. a) Explain the categories of broadcast routing protocols in Ad Hoc Networks? 7M b) Why do TCP does not perform well in Ad Hoc networks? 8M

Unit – III 5. a) What are the design goals of the transport layer in Ad Hoc networks? 7M b) Give the classification of MAC Layer protocols in Ad Hoc Networks?

8M 6. a) What are the factors influencing the wireless sensor network design? 8M b) Explain the Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) protocol for designing

the sensor network architecture? 7M

Unit – IV

7. a) Briefly explain the problems with existing AdHoc Routing protocols. 7M b) What is intrusion Detection System? With a neat block diagram explain the various

components of an IDS agent.

8M

8. a) Explain route discovery in ARAN protocol. 7M b) Explain Key Agreement along with required diagram in N-party Diffie Hellman Key

Agreement protocol. 8M

Unit – V

9. a) Explain Data flow Style language. 7M b) With the help of a neat block diagram explain MICA mote architecture.

8M 10. a) Explain NS-2 and its sensor network extension. 7M b) Discuss in detail the different components of a node level simulator. 8M




(Regulations: VCE-R11) SOFTWARE ARCHITECTURE

(Information Technology) Date: 29 May, 2015 AN Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 75


Unit – I

1. a) Explain the different stakeholders and people who influence software architecture. 9M b) Discuss the architectural style for software based on the process-control model

incorporating the essential parts of a process-control loop

6M

2. a) Discuss different techniques for eliciting requirements from the stakeholders. 7M b) Explain any four structural rules for good architecture

8M

Unit – II

3. a) Describe with neat diagram the uses of Batch sequential and Repository tools in shared information systems.

8M

b) Discuss the three components or group of modules of user interface system.

7M

4. a) Explain the external requirements and Basic Interactive behavioral requirements for user interface system.

8M

b) Describe standard, non preemptive and lightweight processes with respect to user interface architecture.

7M

Unit – III

5. a) Discuss briefly about the importance and features of Architectural patterns in software design.

8M

b) Formalize an architectural style for filter.

7M

6. a) Discuss about formalizing the architecture for a Specific System. 8M b) What is the relationship between a decorator pattern and composite pattern? 7M

Unit – IV

7. a) Explain briefly the following classes of properties that characterize what an ideal architectural description language would provide: reusability, configuration, heterogeneity.

7M

b) Discuss the linguistic issues in software architectural design.

8M

8. a) Explain the capabilities of a style-oriented architectural design environment that are difficult to handle with style definition and the technology on which Aesop is based.

8M

b) Write a brief note on UNICON- Universal Connector Language. 7M

Unit – V

9. a) Bring out the significance of system quality attributes 9M b) Discuss the significance of primary presentation

6M

10. Fault recovery consists of preparing for recovery and making the system repair. Explain any five preparation and repair tactics.

15M




SATELLITE AND RADAR COMMUNICATIONS (Electronics and Communication Engineering)



Unit - I 1. a) What are the advantages of satellite communications? Describe the various services

provided by the satellite with frequency band designations. 8M

b) A space shuttle is an example of a low earth orbit satellite. Sometimes, it orbits at an altitude of 250 Km above the earth’s surface, where there is still a finite number of molecules from the atmosphere. The mean earth’s radius is approximately 6378.14 Km. Using these figures, Calculate the period of the shuttle orbit when the altitude is 250 Km and the orbit is circular. Find also the linear velocity of the shuttle along its orbit.

7M

2. a) What is meant by transponder? With a neat block diagram explain single conversion and double conversion bent type transponders.

10M

b) The earth subtends an angle of 17o when viewed from geostationary orbit. What are the dimensions and gain of a horn antenna that will provide global coverage at 4 GHz?

5M

Unit – II 3. a) Explain the basic principle of transmission and reception of a direct sequence spread

spectrum (CDMA) system. 8M

b) Explain how synchronization is achieved among earth stations operating in TDMA networks.

7M

4. a) A satellite operating at a frequency of 11GHz and at a distance of 40000Km from a point on the earth’s surface radiates a power of 10W from an antenna with a gain of 17dB in the direction of the observer. The receiver antenna has a gain of 52.3 dB. Find the received power.

6M

b) Show that the power levels of inter-modulation products generated by transponders with non linear characteristics increase in proportion to the cubes of the input signal power.

9M

Unit – III 5. a) With the aid of block schematic, explain various elements of an earth station. Why is

it desirable to place the LNA of the antenna at the end of the feeder cable? 7M

b) Explain the applications of radar in detail.

8M

6. a) With a neat block diagram, explain the conventional pulse radar with super heterodyne receiver.

8M

b) Define Noise figure. Show the relationship between Noise figure and noise temperature. Express the link equation in terms of (C/N) at the earth stations.

7M

Cont…2

::2::

Unit – IV

7. a) What are multiple – time – around – echoes? With a neat diagram explain how these multiple time around echoes can mask unambiguous target echoes at the shorter ranges.

7M

b) With a neat block diagram, explain the principle of FM – CW radar using sideband super-heterodyne receiver.

8M

8. a) Explain the following system losses in a RADAR system i. Microwave plumbing losses ii. Antenna losses

7M

b) Discuss the advantages and limitations of CW radar.

8M

Unit – V 9. a) Explain the MTI Radar, with a neat diagram. 9M b) Explain single Delay line canceller with neat block diagram. Derive an expression for

frequency response of single DLC.

6M

10. a) With the help of a neat diagram, explain the working of amplitude comparison mono-pulse tracking radar in one-angular coordinates.

10M

b) Write a note on conical scan tracking radar. 5M




(Regulations: VCE-R11) WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS AND NETWORKS

(Electronics and Communication Engineering) Date: 27 May, 2015 AN Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 75


Unit – I

1. a) Explain with an example how PAN as provided by the Bluetooth standard and give the features of Bluetooth.

7M

b) Compare cordless telephone system and cellular Telephone systems.

8M

2. a) With a neat labeled diagram explain the concept of paging system. 7M b) Explain the following Techniques:

i. HSCSD for 2.5G GSM ii. GPRS for 2.5G GSM

8M

Unit – II

3. a) Explain the following types of systems: i. Narrowband systems ii. Wideband systems

8M

b) If a normal GSM time slot consists of six trailing bits, 8.25 guard bits, 26 training bits and two traffic bursts of 58 bits of data, find the frame efficiency.

7M

4. a) With neat block diagram explain integrated services digital network. 7M b) Compare ALOHA, slotted ALOHA protocols and determine the maximum throughput that

can be achieved using ALOHA and slotted ALOHA protocols.

8M

Unit – III

5. a) List and briefly define three transmission techniques for infrared LANs. Explain any one in detail.

7M

b) Explain how the WTP service supports the WSP service?

8M

6. a) Explain how the initial exchange is needed to establish a logical connection between client and server.

8M

b) Explain the following with respect to spread spectrum LANs: i. Configuration ii. Transmission issues

7M

Unit – IV

7. a) Describe the standard protocols architecture of LAN’s. 10M b) Explain IEEE 802.11 Architecture and services.

Cont…2

5M

:: 2 ::

8. a) List the error correction schemes used in Bluetooth and explain five types of logical data Channels designated to carry different types of payload traffic in Bluetooth.

8M

b) Explain the three general applications of Bluetooth, which provides short range wireless connectivity.

7M

Unit – V

9. a) What is SMS? Explain reference and layered protocol architecture for SMS. 7M b) Explain HIPERLAN-2 protocol stack in detail and why HIPERLAN-2 is popular than

HIPERLAN-1.

8M

10. a) What is GPRS? Explain the system architecture of GPRS and also the tunneling in GPRS. 8M b) Write the functional requirements for HIPERLAN-1 and explain ad-hoc network

architecture in the HIPERLAN -1. 7M




LOW POWER VLSI DESIGN (Electronics and Communication Engineering)



Unit – I

1. a) What are the basic principles of low power design? 5M b) With usual notations, show that the short circuit power dissipation in a CMOS inverter is

given by 3( )

12 D TS DC V VPT

10M

2. a) Explain effects that influence threshold voltage. 6M b) Explain the following:

i. Body effect in long channel MOSFET ii. Sub threshold current iii. Sub threshold swing

9M

Unit – II

3. a) Explain how to calculate probabilities and activities of state inputs using an approximate solution method.

7M

b) Given y = x1x2 + x1 x3, where xi, I =1, 2, 3 are mutually independent. If 1 2 ,Z x x y then determine P (Z).

8M

4. a) Explain statistical estimation using modified Monte-carlo based technique with delay models.

8M

b) Explain with the flow diagram how to obtain bound average power using power sensitivity technique.

7M

Unit – III

5. a) With neat figure, explain the low power approach in parallel and pipelined architecture. 8M b) With the help of neat figure, explain the application of architectural transform for IIR

filter.

7M

6. a) With neat figure, explain the low power approach in pre computation architecture. 8M b) With an example, explain power optimization using operation reduction with maintaining

throughput and with fewer throughputs.

7M

Unit – IV

7. a) Explain Domino NAND gate giving salient features of Domino logic family 9M b) Explain Pass transistor logic in detail. Draw AND/NAND and XOR/XNOR gate

implementation using complementary pass-transistor logic.

6M

8. a) Explain the effects of multiple voltage operation on IC layout 7M b) How short channel effects can be minimized 8M

Cont…2

:: 2 ::

Unit – V

9. a) With the help of neat circuit diagram, explain the operation adiabatic dynamic logic (ADL) CMOS inverter.

7M

b) Briefly discuss the sources of software power dissipation.

8M

10. a) With the help of neat circuit diagram, explain the operation of adiabatic level shifter and I/O buffer.

7M

b) Briefly discuss the software power optimization methods. 8M



Four Year B.Tech VIII Semester Regular Examinations, May - 2015 (Regulations: VCE-R11)

DESIGN OF FAULT TOLERANT SYSTEMS (Electronics and Communication Engineering)



Unit – I

1. a) Write a note on fault in digital circuits with respect to modeling of faults. 7M b) Explain series and parallel systems with neat figures.

8M

2. a) Define reliability and failure rate? Explain them. 7M b) Justify the necessity of maintainability and availability with suitable examples.

8M

Unit – II

3. a) What are the different properties of Boolean differences? Explain 7M b) A circuit realizes for the given function, F = x1x2+x3x4+x2x4 using Boolean difference

method find the tests for S-A-0, S-A-1 faults all input lines of the circuit.

8M

4. a) Explain Random testing procedures in detail. 8M b) Explain Signature analyzer circuit. Draw a 4-bit signature generator. Explain its operation.

Mention the state diagram of 4-bit signature generator.

7M

Unit – III

5. a) Write note on Sift out Modular Redundancy (SMR) reconfiguration scheme. 8M b) Distinguish between static and dynamic redundancy.

7M

6. a) Explain the principle of operation of SMR with figure. Discuss its advantages and disadvantages.

8M

b) Explain elementary switch for self-purging systems with figure.

7M

Unit – IV

7. a) Design a totally self checking checker for 2-out-of 5 codes. 9M b) Define fault – secure and self testing. Give the block diagram of totally - self -checking

circuits and explain.

6M

8. a) Discuss about the fail-safe design of sequential circuits using Berger codes. 8M b) Discuss about the design of totally self checking PLA.

7M

Unit – V

9. a) Explain the following: i. Testability ii. Controllability iii. Observability

9M

b) Mention the advantages of the level-sensitive scan design (LSSD) technique.

6M

10. a) Explain Random access scan-in/scan-out technique. Mention its advantages and disadvantages.

12M

b) Mention the principles involved in built-in test strategy used for VLSI chips testability. 3M




UTILIZATION OF ELECTRICAL ENERGY (Electrical and Electronics Engineering)



Unit - I 1. a) Discuss the characteristics and stability of single phase A.C. series motors used as drivers. 8M b) Explain the factors that affect the final temperature rise of a motor on load.

7M

2. a) Explain the various methods of speed control of D.C. series motor and 3 phase induction motor.

8M

b) Give a brief classification of industrial loads, with brief explanation.

7M

Unit – II 3. a) With a neat sketch explain Ajax-Wyatt vertical core type induction furnace. 8M b) List the advantages of electric heating over the other methods of heating. Also list the

desirable properties of resistance heating elements.

7M

4. a) Explain dielectric heating and its applications. 7M b) Describe with neat sketches various methods of electric resistance welding.

8M

Unit – III 5. a) State and prove Laws of illumination of a surface.

8M b) A source of light gives 100 C.P in all directions. Determine the illumination at the following

points on a horizontal table 8 m below the lamp, 0, 5, 10 and 15 m from the vertical plane through the lamp.

7M

6. a) With neat figures explain the construction and working of Fluorescent lamp 9M b) Explain what is meant by diffusion principle employed in the design of street lighting

installations.

6M

Unit – IV 7. a) Mention the requirements of ideal Traction systems. 6M b) Mention the desirable electrical and mechanical characteristics which traction motor

should posses.

9M

8. a) Discuss the suitability of series motors for traction duty. 9M b) Mention the most important requirements of suburban line railway service and also list

out the advantages of using D.C systems of railway electrification from the point of suburban line railway service.

6M

Cont…2

::2::

Unit – V 9. a) For a trapezoidal speed time curve describing the motion of train between stations.

Derive the equation for the maximum velocity obtained by train. 8M

b) A train has a schedules speed of 60 KM/hr between stops 6 KM apart. Determine crest speed over the run assuming: i. Stop time 60 seconds ii. Acceleration 2 KM p.h.p.s iii. Retardation 3 KM p.h.p.s. use trapezoidal curve

7M

10. a) Derive an expression for specific energy output on level track using a simplified speed time curve.

8M

b) A train weighing 200 tonnes is accelerated upon a one percent gradient with an acceleration of 1 KM/hr/sec. Determine the minimum adhesive weight of the locomotive for this purpose if the coefficient of adhesion is 0.2. Assume the train resistance as 50 NW/tonne and allowance for rotational inertia 10%.

7M




(Regulations: VCE-R11) ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS

(Electrical and Electronics Engineering) Date: 27 May, 2015 AN Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 75


Unit - I 1. a) Define the following:

i. Contribution factor ii. Diversity factor iii. Coincidence factor

8M

b) Assume that the load is measured twice with a watt hour meter that has a constant of 7.2 and the following data are obtained:

First Reading Second Reading Revolutions of Disc 32 27 Time interval for revolutions of disc 59 40

Determine the instantaneous demand and average demand.

7M

2. a) Write in detail about residential and industrial loads and their respective characteristics. 9M b) Assume that the riverside distribution substation experiences an annual peak load of

3500 KW. The total annual energy supplied to the primary feeder circuit is 107 KWh. The peak demand occurs in July and it is due to air conditioning load. Determine: i. Annual average power demand ii. Annual load factor

6M

Unit – II 3. a) Mention the methods available to achieve voltage control. 8M b) What are the factors to be consider for location of an ideal substation?

7M 4. a) Draw the radial type primary feeder one line diagram. 5M b) Assume that the radial express feeder as shown in Fig.1 is used on rural distribution and

is connected to a lumped sum load at the receiving end. Assume that the feeder impedance is 0.10+j0.10 P.U., the sending end voltage is 1.0 P.U., Pr is 1.0 PU constant power load and the power factor at the receiving end is 0.8 lagging. Compute Vr and by using exact equations and find also the corresponding values of Ir and Is currents:

Fig.1

10M

Cont…2

::2::

Unit – III

5. a) Show that the power loss due to load currents in the conductors of the two phase three wire with multi grounded neutral is approximately 1.64 times larger than the one in the three phase lateral.

8M

b) A three phase express feeder has an impedance of 6+J20 Ω per phase. At the load end line to line voltages is 13.8kV and the total three phase power is 1200 kW at a lagging power factor of 0.8. by using the line-to-neutral method, determine: i. The power factor at the sending end ii. The copper loss

7M

6. a) Explain the manual method of solution to radial networks. 6M b) Consider the 3 phase four wire 416V secondary system with balanced per phase loads at

A, B and C as shown in Fig.2. Determine the following: i. Calculate the total voltage drop ii. Calculate the real power per phase for each load. iii. Calculate the reactive power per phase for each load iv. Calculate the total KVA output and load power factor of the distribution

transformer

Fig.2

9M

Unit – IV 7. a) Explain automatic circuit reclosers, with their setting operation sequences. 8M b) What the requirement for the application is of sectionalizes. Explain briefly.

7M

8. a) What are the objectives of distribution system protection? show a scheme for distribution feeder protection.

8M

b) Explain the coordination of fuse -to -fuse using time current characteristics curves. 7M

Unit – V 9. a) Explain the effect of series capacitors for a feeder circuit of lagging power factor. Draw

the voltage phasor diagrams. 8M

b) Which are the various benefits that can be derived from capacitor installation? Explain any two of them.

7M

10. a) What is the process involved in choosing the best capacitor location? 8M b) Explain the different types of feeder voltage regulators. 7M




(Regulations: VCE-R11) HIGH VOLTAGE DC TRANSMISSION AND FACTS



Unit – I

1. a) Compare AC and DC power transmission in Detail. 8M b) Explain in detail the factors to be considered for choice of converter configuration.

7M

2. a) With the help of neat diagram and relevant waveforms, Explain the operation of 6 pulse converter and deduce an expression for average DC voltage.

10M

b) Explain individual phase converter control, mention its demerits.

5M

Unit – II

3. a) Explain the discrete time modeling of converter. 8M b) A back to back HVDC link with one bridge at each end is transmitting 100MW with

Vd=100KV, if α=15 degree, λ=18 degree, find 0d rV ,

0d iV , Qr and Qi, Assume Rcr=Rci= 12 Ohms.

7M

4. a) What are the technical advantages of STATCOM over SVC? 6M b) Briefly explain the following:

i. Sizing of smoothing reactor ii. Location of smoothing reactor iii. Choice of smoothing reactor

9M

Unit – III

5. a) What are the non-characteristic harmonics in HVDC systems? How are they generated? 6M b) Define the following:

i. Harmonic distortion ii. Telephone influence factor iii. Telephone Harmonic Form Factor

9M

6. a) Explain the converter contribution for the supply harmonics in power system. 7M b) Explain the criterion to be considered in designing of single tuned filter.

8M

Unit – IV

7. a) What are the factors limiting the loading capability of power transmission network? Explain them in brief.

7M

b) What are different types of shunt connected controllers, discuss in brief on static synchronous generators and battery energy storage systems.

8M

8. a) List out the possible benefits of FACTS in power transmission network. 6M b) What are the factors limiting the power flow in electrical network, how can the power

flow enhanced by controlling the parameters. 9M

Cont…2

:: 2 ::

Unit – V

9. a) With the help of neat diagram, explain the midpoint voltage regulation for the line segmentation.

8M

b) Explain the principle of operation of TSR type VAR generator.

7M

10. a) What are the objectives of series compensators and discuss the functional requirements of series compensators.

8M

b) Explain the principle of operation of thyristor switched series capacitor. 7M




(Regulations: VCE-R11) RELIABILITY ENGINEERING



Unit – I

1. a) Discuss the properties of probability distribution function. 7M b) During the transport of a large number of electronic components, the probability of

failure of any component is 0.2. If we take a random sample of 10 components received, determine the probability of- i. Getting just two defective components ii. Getting exactly six good components iii. Five or more of them being good

8M

2. a) Prove that for exponential distribution mean and standard deviation are equal to ‘ λ ’ where ‘λ’is failure rate.

7M

b) An electronic system consists of power supply whose failure rate is 30 failures per 106hrs. A receiver whose failure rate is 25 failures/106hrs and an amplifier whose failure rate is 20 failures/106hrs in series, the equipment is to operate for 200hrs.Determine its reliability.

8M

Unit – II

3. a) Discuss the importance of Hazard models. With a neat sketch, explain in detail various regions of bath-tub curve.

10M

b) Show that for an exponential distribution, MTTF is reciprocal of failure rate.

5M

4. a) i. List the assumptions made in constant hazard model. ii. It is observed that the failure pattern of an electric system follows an exponential

distribution with mean time to failure of 1000hrs. What is the probability that the system failure occurs within 750hrs?

7M

b) The random variation with respect to time in the output voltage of a particular system is, exponentially distributed with a mean value of 100V. What is the probability that the output voltage will be found at any time to lie in the range 90-110V?

8M

Unit – III

5. a) Define cut-set & minimal cut-set with the help of suitable examples. 7M b) Explain with an example how the “Decomposition method” can be applied for

complex system reliability evaluation.

Cont…2

8M

:: 2 ::

6. a) A reliability Engineer has determined that the reliability function for a critical solid state

power unit in a communication satellite is as 10( )

(10 )R t

t

, t≥0 and t is measured in

years. i. How many units must be in parallel in order to achieved or a reliability of 0.98 for 5

years of operations? ii. If there is an additional common mode constant failure of 0.002 as a result of

environmental factors, how many units should be placed in parallel? iii. Compute the achieved reliability.

7M

b) Find the system reliability consisting of eight components having following reliabilities in Fig.1:

A1=A2=A3=0.72 B=0.96 C1=C2=0.87 C3=C4=0.91

Fig.1

8M

Unit – IV

7. a) What does Limiting State Probability mean? Discuss various methods. 8M b) Discuss the classical method used to determine the Limiting State Probability of a one

component repairable model.

7M

8. a) A one component repairable model has a state transition probability of 0.3 from state 1 to 2 and 0.4 from state 2 to 1. Develop the state transitional diagram and hence obtain the state transition probability up to three intervals considering that the system is initially in state 1.

9M

b) Consider a one component repairable model with transitional probability of 0.5 from state 1 to 2 and 0.75 from state 2 to 1. Use Vector method to determine the limiting state probabilities of states 1 and 2.

6M

Unit – V

9. a) What are the main advantages and disadvantages of the decomposition method used for network reduction?

7M

b) Two generators provide needed electrical power. If either fails, the other can continue to provide electrical power. However, the increased load results in a higher failure rate for the remaining generator. If λ1 =0.01 failure per day and λ2

=0.10 failure per day. Determine the system reliability for a 10 day contingency operation and determine the system MTTF.

8M

10. a) Explain how the reliability indices are evaluated using minimal cut set approach. 7M b) Determine the reliability indices using minimal cutset approach for the fig.2 given below:

8M

Fig.2



B.Tech VIII Semester Regular Examinations, May - 2015 (Regulations: VCE-R11)

DIGITAL CONTROL SYSTEMS (Electrical and Electronics Engineering)



Unit – I

1. a) With neat block diagram explain the digital control system 8M b) With neat circuit diagram and waveforms explain operation of sample and hold circuit.

7M

2. a) Explain the operation of digital to analog converter using R-2R ladder network. 7M b) With neat block diagram explain the operation of successive approximation type ADC.

8M

Unit – II

3. a) Find the Z-transform of the following

0 0 0

0 0 0

0 0 0

)

)

) at

at

i x t e tt

ii x t Sin wt tt

iii x t e Cos wt tt

8M

b) State and Prove Shifting theorem for Z transform.

7M

4. a) Obtain inverse Z-Transform of X (z)

2

2

2

1 1

Z ZX z

Z Z Z

Using Partial-fraction Expansion Method

8M

b) Solve the difference equation using Z-Transform.

2 3 1 2 0

0 0 , 1 1

x k x k x k

x x

7M

Unit – III

5. a) Determine the transfer function of discrete time system whose state model is given by

1 1 1

2 2 2

1 3 0 1, 5 4

1 0 7 1x k x k x k

u k y kx k x k x k

7M

b) Obtain the discrete time state and output equation when sampling period is T=1 sec for

the following continuous time signal

12

Y sG s

U s S S

Cont…2

8M

:: 2 ::

6. a) Determine the transfer function of discrete time system whose state model is given by

1 1

2 2

1

2

1 4 0 1,

1 0 2 1

3 5 10

x k x ku k

x k x k

x ky k U k

x k

7M

b) Determine the state controllability and observabillity for the discrete control systems represented by the following state equations.

0 0 1 0

1 2 3 0 2 1 0 00 2 3 0

X k X k U k and y k X k

8M

Unit – IV

7. a) Discuss the stability analysis of closed loop systems in the z –plane 10M b) A control system has the following characteristic equation

3 2 1.3 0.08 0.24 0P z Z Z Z Determine the stability of the system.

5M

8. a) Consider the discrete time unity feedback control system whose open –loop pulse transfer function is given by

0.3679 0.2642

0.3679 1

K ZG z

Z Z

Determine the range of K stability.

10M

b) Explain how a stable system can be designed using Bilinear Transformation.

5M

Unit – V

9. a) Define the following terms: i. Delay time (td) ii. Rise time (tr) iii. Peak time (tp) iv. Maximum overshoot( p) v. Settling time (ts).

8M

b) Derive the expression for steady state error for the following types of system i. Type 0 ii. Type 1 iii. Type 2

7M

10. Consider the system described by the transfer function

10 1 2

Y sU s S S S

i. Obtain the state model ii. Design a feedback controller with a state feedback so that closed loop poles are

placed at -2, -1±j

15M




(Regulations: VCE-R11) POWER PLANT ENGINEERING

(Mechanical Engineering) Date: 25 May, 2015 AN Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 75


Unit – I

1. a) What are the different methods of firing coal? Discuss the principle of underfeed stokers. 10M b) List out any five properties of coal.

5M

2. a) What is pulverization of coal? Explain unit system for pulverization. 8M b) Write short notes on dust collector.

7M

Unit – II

3. a) List the advantages and disadvantages of diesel power plants over steam power plants. 7M b) What are the different types of cooling system? Explain with a neat sketch Air Cooling

System.

8M

4. a) Write a neat plant layout of Gas turbine power plant with its auxiliaries. 8M b) With a neat sketch explain open cycle gas turbine power plant.

7M

Unit – III

5. a) With a neat sketch explain the following: i. Draft tube ii. Surge Tanks iii. Spill Ways

9M

b) With a neat sketch explain pumped storage plant.

6M

6. a) What are gates? Explain with a neat sketch vertical lift gate and rolling gate. 8M b) The average monthly discharge for 12 months at a site of a river is given below.

Month Discharge ( m3/sec)

January 100 February 250 March 350 April 600 May 700 June 800 July 1000 August 1200 September 900 October 600 November 400 December 200

Draw Hydrograph and flow duration curve. Cont…2

7M

:: 2 ::

Unit – IV

7. a) Explain the working of Pressurized water reactor and list out the advantages of PWR. 10M b) Write short notes on tidal energy.

5M

8. a) With neat sketch explain the working of gas cooled reactor. 8M b) With neat sketch explain the working of Horizontal axis wind turbine.

7M

Unit – V

9. a) Sketch and explain Pyranometer and Pyreheliometer to measure solar radiation. 10M b) Calculate the Day length at location (Latitude 280 35’ N, Longitude = 770 12’ E ) on August

1st.

5M

10. a) Describe working procedure of Magneto Hydro Dynamics with the help of neat diagram and also mention its advantages.

9M

b) Write a Short Notes on : i. Maximum demand ii. Demand Factor iii. Load Factor

6M




(Regulations: VCE-R11) NDT TECHNIQUES



Unit – I

1. a) Write short notes on visual inspection techniques. 8M b) List out at least eight of the optical aides used in NDT.

7M 2. a) What is boroscope? Explain the construction and working of boroscope. 9M b) List the advantages of Optical Holography. 6M

Unit – II

3. a) What is the principle of Liquid Penetrant Testing method? Explain the desirable characteristics of penetrant.

10M

b) Explain the effect of temperature in detecting defects in Liquid Penetrant Testing method.

5M

4. a) What is the purpose of using developer in Liquid Penetrant Testing method? Explain with a neat sketch.

7M

b) Differentiate between: i. Emulsifiers and Cleaners. ii. Dry developers and Wet developers

8M

Unit – III

5. a) With a neat sketch, explain the working principle of X-ray tube. 7M b) Explain how the inspection of castings and forgings are carried out using Ultrasonic

Inspection.

8M

6. a) Explain the different recording mediums in radiographic inspection. 8M b) Draw a neat block diagram of Ultrasonic flaw detection system and explain. 7M

Unit – IV

7. a) Discuss the methods of magnetization with neat sketches. 8M b) Fig.1 gives a representation of a bar containing defects D, E, F, G & H. To detect each

defect by using Magnetic particle inspection method, mention which kind of magnetic field is applied to the bar.

Fig.1

7M

8. a) Explain the principles of eddy current testing. 8M b) List the applications of Eddy current testing.

Cont…2

7M

:: 2 ::

Unit – V

9. a) Why in some applications Non-contact thermographic inspection is preferred over contact thermographic inspection. Mention the reasons.

5M

b) What are the basic components of an Accoustic Emission Testing system? Draw a neat block diagram of the same and explain.

10M

10. a) What is Leak detection or Leak testing? Explain the different types of flow in leaks. 10M b) Explain clearly how steel components based on hardness can be sorted by

Electromagentic testing. 5M




(Regulations: VCE-R11) NON CONVENTIONAL SOURCES OF ENERGY



Unit – I

1. a) Explain the phenomenon of concentrating collector. 7M b) Derive an expression for total radiation on inclined surface.

8M

2. a) Discuss the instruments used to measure solar radiation. 9M b) Define the following:

i. Solar constant ii. Incident angle iii. Latitude angle

6M

Unit – II

3. a) With a neat sketch explain the principle of operation of solar cell. 8M b) Discuss the working principle of solar ponds.

7M

4. a) Discuss the sources and potential of wind energy. 6M b) With a neat sketch explain the working of vertical axis wind mill and list out any four

advantages of vertical axis wind mill in comparison with horizontal.

9M

Unit – III

5. a) With a neat sketch explain the Bio gas digester that is popularly used in India. 8M b) Compare the floating dome and fixed dome digesters.

7M

6. a) With a neat sketch explain a HDR geothermal system. 8M b) With a neat sketch explain a Geothermal field.

7M

Unit – IV

7. a) State the law that explains the solar energy absorption in water and state the environmental impact of OTEC system.

7M

b) With a neat sketch explain Claude OTEC system.

8M

8. a) With a neat sketch explain a double cycle Tidal system. 8M b) With a neat sketch explain a Dolphin Wave Conversion Device.

7M

Unit – V

9. a) Explain the principle of MHD accelerator. 8M b) Explain the working of fuel cells.

7M

10. Write short notes on the following: i. Materials for MHD ii. MHD engines iii. Thermo electric generator

15M




AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS & INSTRUMENTATION (Aeronautical Engineering)



Unit - I 1. With a neat sketch explain the following:

i. Push-pull control system ii. Cable and pulley system

15M

2. With a neat sketch explain the following: i. Fly-by wire Actuator ii. Electro-Hydrostatic Actuator (EHA) iii. Electro-Mechanical Actuator (EMA)

15M

Unit – II 3. a) Discuss the characteristic of aircraft fuel system. 8M b) Write short notes on non return valves.

7M

4. a) Explain fuel system operation. 7M b) Write short notes on in flight refueling.

8M

Unit – III 5. a) With a neat sketch explain the simple hydraulic system. 5M b) With a neat sketch explain the hydraulic pump technology.

10M

6. With a neat sketch explain the following: i. Constant frequency using an IDG ii. Variable Frequency iii. Variable speed constant frequency (VSCF)

15M

Unit – IV 7. a) Discuss the use of pneumatic power in aircraft. 8M b) With neat sketch explain ignition starter of a jet aircraft.

7M

8. a) Explain the working of hydraulic system used in aircraft. 8M b) Write short notes on future air navigation.

7M

Unit – V 9. a) Explain magnetic sensing used in aircraft. 7M b) Explain flight deck display used in aircraft.

8M

10. Write a note on the following: i. Altitude direction indicator ii. Markov analysis iii. Altimeter

15M




(Regulations: VCE-R11) AIRPORT MANAGEMENT

(Aeronautical Engineering) Date: 27 May, 2015 AN Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 75


Unit – I

1. a) Explain the Airport Organization Chart with brief description for each position. 10M b) Mention any five Federal Aviation Regulations with their applicability that is specific to

airport management.

5M

2. a) Describe how runways are identified and what are the characteristics that determine runway length and width?

5M

b) Discuss the various navigation aids (NAVAIDS) located on airfields. 10M

Unit – II

3. a) What is Visual Flight Rules (VFR) and Instrument Flight Rules (IFR)? 5M b) Mention the different aircraft parking configuration exist at airports and explain each

parking configurations.

10M

4. a) What are the advantages of communication by means of electronic data transfer between aircraft and the ground facilities?

5M

b) Discuss Traffic Alert and Collision Avoidance System (TCAS) and Autonomous Dependent Surveillance (ADS) systems.

10M

Unit – III

5. a) What are the procedures that exist as part of passenger screening? 8M b) Discuss the minimum quality standards for airfield pavements. What are the

symptoms of potential pavement failures?

10M

6. a) How birds are hazard to the aircraft? Explain some of the control techniques associated with bird and wildlife hazard management.

8M

b) Discuss the various security-sensitive areas found at airports as defined by transportation security regulations.

7M

Unit – IV

7. a) What is Airport Improvement Program (AIP)? 5M b) How are airport facilities and services priced?

10M

8. a) Describe briefly residual cost approach and compensatory cost approach. 5M b) What is airport financing? What are the types of financing programs or bond issues

that are available to airports?

Cont…2

10M

:: 2 ::

Unit – V

9. a) Explain demand management and administrative approaches to demand management?

8M

b) Describe characteristics of airside delays?

7M

10. a) What is LAHSO? What are the advantages and disadvantages of LAHSO with respect to airport capacity?

5M

b) What is a time-space diagram? On time-space diagram illustrate the arrival capacity of a runway being used by small arriving Aircraft.

10M



B.Tech VIII Semester Regular Examinations, May - 2015 (Regulations: VCE-R11)

AIR LINE MANAGEMENT (Aeronautical Engineering)



Unit – I

1. a) Explain some of the problems faced by the CAB and the air carriers prior to de-regulation.

7M

b) Explain the basic functions of management.

8M

2. a) Compare and contrast the major and national carriers at the time of deregulation. 7M b) Explain Staff Organization.

8M

Unit – II

3. a) Explain the implications of the hub-and-spoke system. What are the technical aspects on fleet planning?

8M

b) Explain the air planning process.

7M

4. a) Discuss fleet rationalization. What are the advantages of fleet commonality? 8M b) Discuss airline demand and airline supply. 5M c) What is average load factor?

2M

Unit – III

5. a) What is the mission of scheduling? Briefly explain the factors balancing public service and economic aspects of scheduling.

5M

b) What are the four basic schedule types used by the airlines in assigning their equipment?

5M

c) What is hub and spoke scheduling? What are its advantages and disadvantages?

5M

6. a) Define elastic and inelastic demands. 2M b) What are the determinants of elasticity? 4M c) What is pricing analysis? Describe steps in analyzing a fare increase and a fare

decrease.

9M

Unit – IV

7. a) Describe the types of air freight rates. 10M b) How many types of carriers are there in air cargo industry, explain them?

5M

8. a) What do you understand by Special Air Freight Services? 5M b) What are the factors affecting air freight rates?

10M

Unit – V

9. a) What are the objectives of airline revenue management? 5M b) Discuss various methods for maximizing the air line revenue.

10M

10. a) Explain airline differential pricing. 7M b) What is Origin-Destination Control? Explain how it can be implemented. 8M




(Regulations: VCE-R11) ADVANCED STRUCTURAL DESIGN

(Civil Engineering) Date: 25 May, 2015 AN Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 75


Unit – I

1. a) Design a cantilever retaining wall to retain an earth embankment 4m high above the ground level. The density of earth is 18 kN/m3 and its angle of repose is 300. The embankment is horizontal at its top. The SBC of soil may be taken as 200kN/m2 and the coefficient of friction between soil and concrete is 0.5. Adopt M20 concrete and Fe415 steel. Sketch the reinforcement details.

8M

b) Design the stem of a counter fort retaining wall if the height of wall above ground level is 5m. SBC of soil is 180 kN/m2. Angle of friction is 300. Density of soil is 18 kN/m3. Spacing of counter forts is 3m c/c. Adopt M20 concrete and Fe415 steel. Sketch the reinforcement details.

7M

2. a) Design a circular water tank of capacity 1,50,000 liters for a height of 3.2m, which will be resting firmly on the ground if the joint between wall and base slab is flexible. Use M25 concrete and fe 415 steel. Sketch the reinforcement details.

8M

b) Design a rectangular water tank of size 6m x 4m x 3m deep resting on firm ground. Use M25 Concrete and Fe 415 steel. Assume tank is open at top. Use approximate method for the analysis. Sketch the reinforcement details.

7M

Unit – II

3. a) Design a concrete chimney of height 70m with the external diameter of the shaft being 4m at top and 4.8m at the base is required to withstand an intensity of wind pressure of 1.8 kN/m2. The thickness of the concrete shell at top is 200mm and 400mm at the base. The thickness of brick lining is 100mm with an air gap of 100mm. The temperature difference between inside and outside the chimney is 70o . Permissible bearing pressure on the soil is equal to 200kN.m2. Unit weight of bricks is 20kN/m3. Use M25 concrete and Fe 415 steel. Design the reinforcement for the chimney. Sketch the reinforcement details.

12M

b) Design the side wall of a rectangular bunker of capacity 30kN to store coal using M20 concrete and fe 415 steel. Given Unit weight of coal is 8kN/m3. Sketch the reinforcement details.

3M

4. A cement silo has an internal diameter of 10 m with the height of cylindrical portion being 30 m. the density of cement is 15.2 kN/m3. Coefficient of friction between concrete and material is = 0.70. The angle of repose of the material is 17.5o. Use M20 concrete and Fe415 steel, design the thickness and the reinforcement required at the bottom of the cylindrical portion of the silo using Janseen’s theory.

15M

Cont…2

:: 2 ::

Unit – III

5. Design a welded plate girder for a simply supported bridge deck beam with clear span of 20 m, subjected to the following: Dead load including self weight = 20 kN/m Two moving loads = 150 kN each spaced 2 m apart. Assume that the top compression flange of the plate girder is restrained laterally and prevented from rotating. Use mild steel with fy = 250 MPA. Design as an un-stiffened plate girder with thick webs.

15M

6. Explain step by step procedure involved in the design of plate girder bridge.

15M

Unit – IV

7. a) Briefly discuss the economic span for bridges. 7M b) Explain the various components of a bridge.

8M

8. Design a reinforced concrete slab bridge for a National Highway to suit the following data : Carriage way : two lane ( 8.5m wide) Foot path : 1m on either side Clear span : 7m Wearing coat : 80mm Width of bearing : 0.4m Loading – IRC Class AA tracked vehicle. Design the RC deck slab and sketch the reinforcement details. Use M30 concrete and Fe 415 steel for the design.

15M

Unit – V

9. a) What are the advantages and disadvantages of elasto plastic behaviour over elastic behaviour in structures subjected to severe earthquakes?

8M

b) Why are inclined stirups and bent up bars unsuitable for shear reinforcement in earthquake resistant design?

7M

10. a) Briefly explain the main concept of underlying pushover analysis. 8M b) Suggest a design procedure for ensuring that the foundation is stronger than the

superstructure in earthquake resistant design. 7M




(Regulations: VCE-R11) INDUSTRIAL WASTE AND WASTE MANAGEMENT



Unit – I

1. a) What are the alternatives for disposal of industrial wastes? What are the factors to select a particular treatment process?

8M

b) Write about boiler water and its treatment.

7M

2. a) Write short notes on: i. Physical treatment ii. Chemical treatment

8M

b) Write briefly about the characteristics of industrial wastes.

7M

Unit – II

3. a) Elaborate on types of receiving effluent wastes for dilution with particular reference to perennial rivers or streams.

8M

b) Write comprehensive notes on Municipal wastewater reuse.

7M

4. a) What are the effects of industrial effluent discharge into freshwater system like rivers and streams?

10M

b) What is the impact of sewage treatment plants effluents on waterways?

5M

Unit – III

5. a) Explain sources of waste from a large dairy industry. 10M b) What are the effects of cotton textile and woolen textile mill waste on receiving streams

and sewers?

5M

6. a) Write about the levels of wastewater treatment. 10M b) What are the effects of water on receiving water course from a pulp and paper mill?

5M

Unit – IV

7. a) Explain the effects of wastes from steel plants and the treatment methods adopted. 10M b) Write the flow diagram of sugar manufacturing process.

5M

8. a) Draw flow diagram of basic oil refinery operations. 5M b) Explain the effects of wastes from pharmaceutical plants and the treatment methods

adopted.

10M

Unit – V

9. a) Explain the practical problems with the functioning of the CETPs. 8M b) What are the goals of Central Effluent Treatment Plants (CETP)?

7M

10. a) Write a flow diagram of a typical Common Effluent Treatment Plant. 10M b) What are the limitations of Common Effluent Treatment Plants? 5M




(Regulations: VCE-R11) AIR POLLUTION AND CONTROL METHODOLOGIES



Unit - I 1. a) What are the harmful effects of the following on humans:

i. Sculpture dioxide ii. Carbon monoxide iii. Hydrocarbons iv. Insecticides

8M

b) Describe the phenomenon of “Green house effect” due to carbon dioxide and trace gases.

7M

2. a) Explain the different sources of atmospheric dust. 8M b) Explain the following with respect to leaf damage due to air pollution:

i. Necrosis ii. Chlorosis iii. Abscission iv. Epinasty

7M

Unit – II 3. a) Write an explanatory notes on air-fuel ratio. 8M b) List out the methods that have been tried to reduce the concentration of oxides of

nitrogen and briefly write about the catalytic reduction and lean operation methods.

7M

4. a) Write briefly about the control of exhaust emissions, specially with respect to modifications in the engine design and operating variables.

8M

b) How do meteorological conditions affect air pollutants? 7M

Unit – III 5. a) Write in detail the Lapse Rate as an important meteorological parameter governing air

pollutant dispersion. 8M

b) Write short notes on Maximum mixing height.

7M

6. a) Write in detail about the dispersion characteristics and classifications of stack plumes. 8M b) Write notes on dispersion models. 7M

Unit – IV 7. Explain with a neat sketch construction, working, advantages, disadvantages and applications

of a settling chamber.

15M

8. Explain with a neat sketch principles, construction and operating problems of Fabric filter. 15M

Cont…2

::2::

Unit – V 9. a) Define Emission standard and explain emission standards for Mobile source and

stationary source. 8M

b) Explain briefly the source correction methods used in various industrial operations to control air pollution.

7M

10. a) Discuss any two methods for monitoring nitrogen oxides and state their limitations. 8M b) Define air quality standards and explain ambient air quality standards and other air

quality standards. 7M

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