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Vascular Plants with Vascular Plants with SeedsSeeds
Vascular Plants with SeedsVascular Plants with Seeds
Two main typesTwo main types
1. Gymnosperms 1. Gymnosperms
2. Angiosperms2. Angiosperms
GymnospermsGymnosperms
““naked seed “ plantsnaked seed “ plants seeds inseeds in
cones or scales cones or scales Includes: 5 phylaIncludes: 5 phyla
1. Phylum Coniferophyta1. Phylum Coniferophyta2. Phylum Cycadophyta2. Phylum Cycadophyta4. Phylum Ginkgophyta4. Phylum Ginkgophyta5. Phylum Gnetophyta5. Phylum Gnetophyta
Phylum ConiferophytaPhylum Coniferophyta
1. Common name: 1. Common name: ConifersConifers
2. Examples: 2. Examples: pines, firs, pines, firs, spruces, junipers, spruces, junipers, larches, yewslarches, yews
3. Needle or scale-like 3. Needle or scale-like leavesleaves
4. Most of the 4. Most of the evergreen trees or evergreen trees or shrubsshrubs
Phylum CycadophytaPhylum Cycadophyta
1.1. Common name: CycadsCommon name: Cycads
2.2. Example : Example : CycasCycas
3.3. Palm-like leaves, lives in tropicsPalm-like leaves, lives in tropics
4.4. Evergreen trees and shrubsEvergreen trees and shrubs
Phylum GinkgophytaPhylum Ginkgophyta
1.1. Common name : GinkgoesCommon name : Ginkgoes
2.2. Example: Example: GinkgoGinkgo bilobabiloba
3.3. Only one remaining speciesOnly one remaining species
4.4. Deciduous trees with fan-Deciduous trees with fan-shaped leavesshaped leaves
5.5. Fleshy seedsFleshy seeds
6.6. Used as a memory-Used as a memory-enhancing food supplementenhancing food supplement
Phylum GnetophytaPhylum Gnetophyta1.1. Common name: GnetalesCommon name: Gnetales2.2. Examples : Examples : EphedraEphedra, ,
WelwitschiaWelwitschia3.3. Gymnosperm (“naked Gymnosperm (“naked
seed” shrub or vine with seed” shrub or vine with some angiosperm some angiosperm characteristicscharacteristics
Welwitschia mirabilis
Stimulant used in diet supplement
AngiospermsAngiosperms
1.1. Plants with seeds inside fruitsPlants with seeds inside fruits
2.2. Includes Includes : trees, shrubs, herbs, or vines with : trees, shrubs, herbs, or vines with flowersflowers
3.3. One phylum : Phylum AnthophytaOne phylum : Phylum Anthophyta
rhododendron
sage grape vine
Phylum AnthophytaPhylum Anthophyta
Contains two classes:Contains two classes:
1. Class Monocotyledones1. Class Monocotyledones
2. Class Dicotyledones2. Class Dicotyledones
corn bean
Phylum AnthophytaPhylum Anthophyta
1. Class Monocotyledones (Monocots)1. Class Monocotyledones (Monocots)
A. Examples : palm trees, grasses, A. Examples : palm trees, grasses,
lilies, irises, orchidslilies, irises, orchids
iris
Tiger lily
orchid Pampas grass
palm
Class MonocotyledonesClass Monocotyledones
B. Embryos with one seed leaf (cotyledon)B. Embryos with one seed leaf (cotyledon)
Class MonocotyledonesClass Monocotyledones
C. Parallel leaf veinsC. Parallel leaf veins
Class MonocotyledonesClass Monocotyledones
D. Flower parts in threes or multiples of threeD. Flower parts in threes or multiples of three
Class MonocotyledonesClass Monocotyledones
E. Vascular bundles in stems scattered randomlyE. Vascular bundles in stems scattered randomly
Phylum AnthophytaPhylum Anthophyta2. Class Dicotyledones (Dicots)2. Class Dicotyledones (Dicots)
A. Examples: roses, daisies, A. Examples: roses, daisies, most deciduous most deciduous treestrees
Class DicotyledonesClass Dicotyledones
B. Embryos with two seed leavesB. Embryos with two seed leaves
cotyledons
Bean seedling
Class DicotyledonesClass Dicotyledones
C. Leaf veins in a net-like patternC. Leaf veins in a net-like pattern
(palmate or pinnate)(palmate or pinnate)
Palmate venationPalmate venation Pinnate Pinnate venationvenation
Class DicotyledonesClass Dicotyledones
D. Flower parts in groups of four D. Flower parts in groups of four
or fiveor five
Class DicotyledonesClass Dicotyledones
E. Vascular bundles in stems arranged in a E. Vascular bundles in stems arranged in a
ring ring patternpattern