VB Scripting - Important Terminology

Before actually looking into VB scripting it is good to understand some terminology and also what they mean. We should know some thing about programming, scripting, compiler, scripting to have a better understanding.

Let’s look at what Programming and Scripting means

Programming: Programming is used for application development and involves writing of code and should have in depth knowledge of a programming language.

Scripting: Scripting on the other hand does not involve in writing the entire code for the application but involves in writing some lines of code or instructions so as to validate the application developed. To put in simple language Scripting is used for validation.

What is Compiler and Interpreter

Compiler: Programming uses compiler to compiles the entire code in one go and creates an executable file. This executable file will be used for execution. The advantage of compiler is that it has a faster execution rate compared to the interpreter. The big disadvantage of compiler is that there is no way you can change your code in the executable file and you have to go back to the code and make changes and again create an executable file.

Interpreter: Scripting uses Interpreter to read the code one line at a time and executes one line at a time. The advantage is that if the interpreter encounters an error it stops executing the remaining lines and you have the chance to correct it and re run it. At any point of time you can interrupt wile running and change the code and continue running it. The biggest disadvantage is that each time the code is executed it has to read each line and is time consuming and is also slow.

What is VB Script?

1. VB Script is a scripting language.2. A scripting language is a lightweight programming language.3. VB Script is a subset of Microsoft's programming language Visual Basic.4. VB Script is not case sensitive but as a part of best coding standards we use appropriate casing.

How to create and run a VB script?

It is very simple to create a VB script. Just write the code in a Microsoft Note pad and save the file by giving the file name with an .vbs extension. For example in the File name text box while saving you can enter this file name “example1.vbs”. In the Save as File choose the option “All Files” other wise it will save as a text file. As soon as you save your file as a VB script file you can run the script by double clicking on it.

Msgbox Function in VB Scripting is a very basic function and Let’s start with a simple VB Script to display a message for the user using the Msgbox Function and try to understand how it works.

MsgboxStep 1: Open your note pad and type in this statement.

Msgbox “This is First VB Script”

Step 2: Click File > Save As and in the Save window

1. Enter the fine name as sample.vbs2. Choose “All Files” option for the Save as Type3. Click Save button

Step 3: On the desktop or the location you have given you will see a file with this icon

Step 4: Double clicking on this file your message box will be displayed with the predefined message you gave “This is First VB Script”

Let’s understand what Msgbox function does

Msgbox is used for displaying the output. It is an inbuilt VB function used to output (display) a value to the user. This value can be a constant or a variable. Msgbox contains a OK button. Until the user clicks the OK button the execution will not move on to the next line.

Input box function in VB Scripting is used to get information from the user and then that value is stored in a variable.

Type in the statement below in your note pad and save as sample2.

UserInput = Inputbox(“Please Enter your Name”)

When you execute the file by double clicking it is displayed like this.

“UserInput” in the above statement is a variable and whatever the user enters in the text box is stored in the variable called “UserInput”. If we want to view the data entered on the screen then we need to call this variable in the Msgbox function and the variable value is displayed for the user. In order to do this modify your code like this

UserInput = Inputbox(“Please Enter your Name”)Msgbox "UserInput"

When you execute the file again with this changes what happens. First you are prompted to enter a value and clicking OK button will display the message box with the value entered.

To put in as a definition Input box is an inbuilt VB Scrip function used for getting an input from the user during runtime. Input box provides a text box and allows the user to type in some data. When the user clicks the OK button this data is assigned to a variable. The default input type for an input box is a string.

VB Scripting has some building blocks and are important to know them and use them in an appropriate manner. Below are given the building blocks used in VB Scripting.

1. Variable has something called as data types.

2. Operators like =,+,-,* etc..

3. Branching statements to make decisions (If then else conditions)

4. Looping Constructs (For loop, While loop)

5. Functions and Procedures

6. String, Conversion, Date and Time

7. File System Object

What is a Variable?

Variable in VB Script is a place holder in the memory used to store some data or information.

The information assigned in the variable is a reserved section in the computer’s memory for storing data. The Memory used is temporary. The information stored in the memory is not permanent.

Rules for VBScript Variable usage

A variable in the VB script cannot start with a numeric value (Ex – 1stvalue). It can be a combination of Alphabets and Numbers together (Value1) or separated by a underscore (Value_1). There is no way you can use arithmetic operators and also space is not allowed because if space is given then VB script will recognize them as two different variables. Below are the basic rules followed while creating a Variable.

It must always begin with a letter Should not contain a period (.) or arithmetic operators (+, -, *, /, ^) The max length of the variable is 256 characters

Types of Variable Declaration

In VB Script Variable Declaration happens in two ways:

1.ImplicitDeclaration.2. Explicit Declaration.

Assigning values to a Variable

A value to a variable can be assigned either using Implicit Declaration or Explicit Declaration.

Example

Value1=20Jobtype=“Permanent”

From the above we can see that = is an assignment operator. The left hand side of the expression is the variable name and the right hand side of the expression is the value assigned to the variable.

Implicit Declaration:

Implicit Declaration is a default declaration type in VB and there is no need for us to declare a variable before assigning a value to the variable. The declaration and definition happens in one step.

Implicit declaration is easy to use. We don’t need to keep track of the variables used in the VB script.

Example

Int1 = 28 Int2 = 30Prod = Int1 * Int2Msgbox Prod

Let’s see how this is stored in the memory.

From the above example Int1 and Int2 are operands and the * is the operator and = is the assignment operator. Int1, Int2, Prod are Implicit Variables and as the script is executed in the memory the variables get created in the memory and the respective values are stored in those locations. With this type of declaration it is easy to create variables as and when required.

The one disadvantage of Implicit variables is that if there is a typo error in any line like for example "Prod" is mistyped as "Prd" then when the scrip is executed it creates another variable called "Prd" and the resultant out put is null (Nothing will be displayed). We should be careful in using the Implicit Declarations.

Explicit Declaration

Explicit Declaration is used to avoid the unnecessary confusion created while typing and also to avoid loading the memory with variables because of errors we can use Explicit Declaration. In order to use explicit

declaration type we need to declare the variables before the script begins or it should be in the starting of the script.

We will use the same example used for Implicit Declaration but will change the script. In order to create Explicit Declaration in the beginning of the code we need to add one more line of code as ‘Option Explicit”. Take a look at the code for Explicit Declaration

Option ExplicitDim Int1, Int2, ProdInt1 = 28 Int2 = 30Prod = Int1 * Int2Msgbox Prod

Now lets debug the code. If by mistake instead of “Prod” you type “Prd” in Line 6 as Msgbox Prd then what will happen. Since “Prd” is not declared when you run the script it executes the first five line and when it executes the sixth line it throws error and till it is not rectified the resultant output is not displayed. It will throw error as “Variable is undefined: ‘Prd’.

This is the advantage of using Explicit Declaration.

What are the Data Types in VB Script?

Data types in VB Script is used in context of Variable. There is only one data type in VB Script called as Variant. The specialty of a Variant is that it can hold different forms of

data or information within the variable and there is no need to explicitly define the type of data.

A Variant can hold data which contains either a numeric or a string value. The Variant behaves in the way you want i.e. behaves as a numeric value when used in a numeric context and behaves like a string when used in a string context. The only difference is that any data which is enclosed in quotation marks (" ") behaves like a string even though it contains only numbers.

Variant Subtypes

Variant can hold any type of data like Integer, String, Long, Single or double etc. The different categories of information/data which a Variant can hold are called as subtypes.

Below table gives a clear picture of subtypes of data which a Variant can hold or contain.

Subtype Description

Integer The size is of 2 bytes, Value can be from 0 to 255, The Integer range is from -32,768 to 32,767.

Long Long is for numbering system, The Integer range is from -2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647.

Single Holds small precision, floating point range is from -3.402823E38 to -1.401298E-45 for negative values and for positive values is from 1.401298E-45 to 3.402823E38.

Double Holds big precision, floating point range is from -1.79769313486232E308 to -4.94065645841247E-324 for negative values and for positive values is from 4.94065645841247E-324 to 1.79769313486232E308.

Currency Ranges from -922,337,203,685,477.5808 to 922,337,203,685,477.5807.

Date (Time) The range is between January 1, 100 to December 31, 9999.

Object Contains an object.

Boolean Contains a boolean value either True or False.

Empty Variant is uninitialized. Value is 0 for numeric variables or a zero-length string ("") for string variables.

Null Variant intentionally contains no valid data.

Byte Contains integer in the range 0 to 255.

You can use the conversion functions to convert the data from one subtype to another subtype which will be discussed in Type Cast lesson.

What is the need for Operators?

Operators in VB Script are to used to perform some operations or do some manipulation on variables or values. Operator is a notation to perform operation and this operation will happen on one or more operands.

Operators in VB script can be classified in to mainly four. They are

Arithmetic Operators. Logical Operators. Relational or Comparison Operators. Concatenation Operator.

VB Script – Arithmetic Operators

Arithmetic operators are used for arithmetic operations or mathematical operations such as Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication and other kinds of operations.Please find the list of Operators with some examples for easy understanding.

Operator English Meaning Example Result

+ Add 5+2 7

- Subtract 5-2 3

* Multiply 5*2 10

/ Floating Point Division 5/2 2.5

\ Integer Division 5\2 2

^ Exponent 5^2 25

Mod Modulus 5 Mod 2 1

Logical Operators

Logical operators are used to perform logical operations. They are used to manipulate statements or create logical expressions. The Logical operators are AND, OR and NOT.Please find the list of Operators with some examples for easy understanding.

Operator English Meaning Example Result

Not Inverts Value Not False True

Or Either Can Be True True or False True

And Both Must Be True True And False False

Relational or Comparison Operators

Relational operators are also called as comparative operators like if we want to compare numbers etc. Generally they are used in conditional statements like IF Else or While loops.Please find the list of Operators with some examples for easy understanding.

Operator English Meaning Example Result

= Equal To 20 = 45 False

> Greater Than 20 > 45 False

< Less Than 20 <> True

>= Greater Than or Equal To 20 >= 45 False

<= Less Than or Equal To 20 <= 45 True

<> Not Equal To 20 <> 45 True

Concatenation Operator

In order to combine two strings and display as a single string we use Concatenation Operator (&). We use “&” to join two expressions.Please find below the description with examples for easy understanding.

Operator English Meaning Example Result

& Join or Connect "Hello" & "World" Hello World

What is Branching and types of Branching Statements?

Branching Statements in VB Scripting provides a user with a choice to execute certain piece of code based on the condition.

This would help us to validate different conditions for one expression.

In general to say that the program or code has to make a decision based on a condition when a user gives a input or based on some parameters or values the decision has to be made then branching statements plays a vital role.

For example take this scenario of giving different grades to a student based on the percentage. For one student you can assign the marks to different variables and based on the average you can branch out your code and give the grade but imagine if you have to run it for more that one student then manually you have to go into the code and change for every student and save and run.

Branching Statements helps you in making the code decide the grade based on the conditions you give in the code once and ask the user to enter the marks for each student. Using these branching statements you can branch out your code to different conditions.

Basically there are three types of Branching Statements

1. If Else2. If Elseif3. Switch Case

Out of these the popular branching or conditional statement used is the If Else, Endif

Else and Elseif are used to branch out different conditions.

If Else statement in VB script is used when you want to execute a block of code based on certain condition.

Syntax for If Else Statement

If [Condition] ThenAAAACodeAAAACode

ElseAAAACodeAAAACodeEnd If

Example to show how If Else Statement is Used

We will write a script asking the user to enter the average scored and based conditions given appropriate message is displayed.

'Code to demonstrate If Else conditionVarint1 = Inputbox("Enter the average score you gained:")If Varint1 > 80 ThenAAAAmsgbox "You scored " &Varint1& " percentage and are the winner"ElseAAAAmsgbox "You scored " &Varint1& " percentage and do not qualify."End If

If the user enters 85 then the output displayed will be

You Scored 85 percentage and are the winner

If user enters any thing less than 80 say 75 the output displayed will be

You Scored 85 percentage and do not qualify. The If Else statement we discussed previously executes one block of code if the value is greater than 80 or executes the other piece of code if the condition is not satisfied. Now think what you will do if you have different ranges.

To do this you need Else If statement.

What Else if does is that it creates and if statement within an if statement and goes on and in this manner you can check different conditions in a single if Statement.

Syntax for Else If Statement

If [condition] ThenCodeElseif [condition] ThenCodeElseif [condition] ThenCodeElseif [condition] ThenCodeElseCodeEnd If

Example to show how Else If Statement is used

Now let write a script to see how this works. We will calculate the average for three subjects and based on the percentage we will display the average and the appropriate messages.

'Calculating the average for three subjectsmt = Inputbox("Enter the marks scored for Manual Testing:")qtp = Inputbox("Enter the marks scored for QTP:")sql = Inputbox("Enter the marks scored for SQL:")'Calculating averageavg=(mt+qtp+sql)/3'Displaying the average to the usermsgbox "The average marks scored is: "&avg'Branching statements to display appropriate messageIf avg >= 90 Thenmsgbox "You scored "&avg&" percentage and you will get a Job"ElseIf avg >= 80 and avg < 90 Thenmsgbox "You scored "&avg&" percentage and you have to put in more effort"ElseIf avg >= 70 and avg < 80 Then msgbox "You scored "&avg&" percentage and you are not up to the mark"Elsemsgbox "You scored "&avg&" percentage and you have to repeat the course"End If

What happened why did this result came as 100.333333333333 and the first message will be displayed which is wrong.

Let’s debug the script line by line.

mt=3, qtp=0, sql=1avg=(mt+qtp+sql)/3avg=(3+0+1)/3avg 301/3avg=100.333333333333

Let me explain you what happened so that we will be clear as to what happened and how to rectify the code.

Even though we say that in the condition avg=(mt+qtp+sql)/3 we have used addition (+) operator but just to remind that the default type of Inputbox is string because we have not explicitly declared the variables and that’s why by default what ever values you have entered in the input box is taken as string and in context of this + is treated as a concatenation operator which means that it will join the three values as 3+0+1 to make 301 and not add them up to 4. That is the reason we are getting a different result.

In order to rectify this issue we need to use a conversion type (Type Cast) which in our case actually converts the default data type to integer type. For this we need to use CINT. CINT can be used with input box or while on the expression calculating the average (In our case). You cannot use CINT for some variables while accepting values and for some on the expression. You can either use CINT on the expression or while taking input on variables.

Let’s rewrite the code and see what happens

'Calculating the average for three subjectsmt = CINT(Inputbox("Enter the marks scored for Manual Testing:"))qtp = CINT(Inputbox("Enter the marks scored for QTP:"))sql = CINT(Inputbox("Enter the marks scored for SQL:"))'Calculating averageavg=(mt+qtp+sql)/3'Displaying the average to the usermsgbox "The average marks scored is: "&avg'Branching statements to display appropriate messageIf avg >= 90 Thenmsgbox "You scored "&avg&" percentage and you will get a Job"ElseIf avg >= 80 and avg < 90 Thenmsgbox "You scored "&avg&" percentage and you have to put in more effort"

ElseIf avg >= 70 and avg < 80 Then msgbox "You scored "&avg&" percentage and you are not up to the mark"Elsemsgbox "You scored "&avg&" percentage and you have to repeat the course"End If

Now run the script and you will get the right percentage and the required message.

Note: You can also use CINT on the expression instead on inputbox. It will look like this.(CINT(mt)+CINT(qtp)+CINT(sql))\3

Assignments on Else If Statement

1. Write a script to print the greatest of three integers.2. Write a script to print the least of the three integers.

Click Here for answers for Assignments

Select Case statement in VB Scripting is also a branching statement. We branch out the code by evaluating one expression. Select Case is an alternative for If Else. Select Case can be used invariably (any where)

Syntax for Select Case Statement

Select Case [condition]Case 1aaaCodeCase 2aaaCode

Case 3aaaCodeCase ElseaaaCodeEnd Select

Example to understand it easily

Let us write a script which can display the resultant value of two integers based on the selection made. We are computing Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication and division of the two integers and based on the user selection the operation is performed.

UserInput = Inputbox("Enter any of the following options"&vbnewline&" " &vbnewline&"1 for Addition"&vbnewline&"2 for Subtraction"&vbnewline&"3 for Multiplication"&vbnewline&"4 for Division")

Var1 = CINT(Inputbox("Enter the First Value"))Var2 = CINT(Inputbox("Enter the Second Value"))

Select Case UserInput

Case 1aaamsgbox"The Sumation of "&Var1& " and " &var2& " is: "&Var1 + Var2Case 2aaamsgbox"The difference between "&Var1& " and " &var2& " is: "&Var1 - Var2Case 3aaamsgbox"The product of "&Var1& " and " &var2& " is: "&Var1 * Var2Case 4aaamsgbox"The quotient between "&Var1& " and " &var2& " is: "&Var1 \ Var2Case Elseaaamsgbox "Invalid entry"End Select

Constant in VB Scripting is a meaningful and specific name that takes the place of a data type like integer or string and never changes. There are two types of constants.

1. Named Constant2. Built in Constant

Constant is like a variable but unlike variable the value does not change for the constant. It is a permanent value stored in the memory.

Named Constant

You will actually assign a integer or a string to a variable but the value assigned to this variable cannot be changed. It is like a variable but not behave like a variable. The value does not change and it cannot be used as a variable.

As part of the coding convention it is better to write all the constants in upper case even though VB Scripting is case insensitive but for easy understanding it is written and this makes no difference.

Note: The variables are written in lower case. A constant cannot be used as a variable.

You can create user defined constants using the const statement and can be created on numeric and string values giving meaningful names.

Syntax

Const [Name] = [Expression]

Const GREETING = “Welcome to the world of constants”Const Age = 50

Example

Const GREETING = “Welcome to VB Scripting”Msgbox GREETING

What is a Built in Constant in VB script?

Built in Constants are those which are already created and stored in VB Library and they cannot be changed and they can be used as it is for various purposes. They in turn help you to print information with meaning and also messages with some action.

Different types of Built in Constants

Please find the list of built in constant and their meaning.

Built in Constants What it does

vbOKOnly OK button only

vbOKCancel OK and Cancel buttons

vbAbortRetryIgnore Abort, Retry, and Ignore buttons

vbYesNoCancel Yes, No, and Cancel buttons

vbYesNo Yes and No buttons

vbRetryCancel Retry and Cancel buttons

vbCritical Critical Message icon

vbQuestion Warning Query icon

vbExclamation Warning Message icon

vbInformation Information Message icon

vbDefaultButton1 First button is default

vbDefaultButton2 Second button is default

vbDefaultButton3 Third button is default

vbDefaultButton4 Fourth button is default

vbApplicationModal Application modal i.e. the current application will not work until the user responds to the message box

vbSystemModal System modal i.e. all applications wont work until the user responds to the message box

Example

Const TEST = "Are you sure you want to exit"msgbox TEST, vbYesNo

The message box displayed will be like this with Yes and No buttons.

Different types of Looping Constructs in VB Script and its usage in VB Scripting.

Looping constructs allows a user to run a group of statements or piece of code repeatedly that many times as desired by the user. There are some loops which repeat statements until the condition become false and others loops which repeat statements until the condition becomes true. Also there are those loops which repeat statements for a specific number of times.

There are different kinds of looping construct and based on the requirements we can use any of this Looping constructs. The are basically two types of looping constructs FOR and DO. Let’s look at them

FOR Looping Construct

1. For Next Loop2. For Step Next Loop3. For Each Next

DO looping Constructs

1. Do Loop While2. Do Loop Until3. Do While Loop4. Do Until Loop5. While WEnd Loop

FOR Looping Constructs in VB Scripting

For Loop is used to run a piece of code iteratively for a finite number of times. The start and end conditions are known in advance and the counter automatically increments by one and this increment is by default.

FOR Looping Construct ExampleSyntax

For [condition]CodeNext

A simple for loop example

For i = 1 to 10Msgbox "This loop is repeated "&i& " times"Next

When you run this script the message box will display “This loop is repeated 1 times” and as you click the number increments till it reaches 10 times and also in the message the number is incremented and displayed.

For Step Next Looping Construct

In this kind of looping construct we actually change the increment to the desired number and the increment happens as we desire. To change the default increment value we use “STEP” along with the For Loop or you can have user defined increment like i=i+1 etc.

Syntax

For [condition] Step [increment/expression]CodeNext

Example: We will use the above example and change the increment value as desired.

For i = 1 to 10 Step 2Msgbox "This loop is repeated "&i& " times"Next

Now when you run the script the value is incremented by 2 and the value in the message box will change and will display as “This loop is repeated 1 times” initially and then the value changes to 3,5,7,9 and the script terminates because next value is 11 and is greater than 10.

Assignment to do for FOR Looping Construct

1. Hope you remember the SELECT CASE statement in which we have looked at a code where in the user can perform a particular type of operation like addition, subtraction, multiplication and division. Now using the For loop try to ask the user how many times the operation should perform. For ex if the user enters 3 then the code should run for three times.

Look the script for this Select Case Statement

Click Here to view the Answer

2. Write a script to print prime numbers based on the user input for the prime number limit.

Click Here to view the Answer

3. Write a script to generate the Fibonacci series. Again ask the user for the limit.

Click Here to view the Answer

4. Write a script to print all the odd numbers till 100. Do not use the STEP statement.

5. Write a script to convert degrees to Fahrenheit.

Functions and Procedures in VB Script are used to make the task very easy for the user.Procedure is a named block of code used for performing a specific task. Procedures help us to break a complex architecture into reusable blocks and yields modularity.

Syntax

Function [name](arguments)CodeCodeEnd Function

Functions in VB ScriptFunctions helps us to avoid using the same piece of code at different places making the code bulky instead putting this piece of code in a function and calling it would solve all the issues and also it maintainable.

Functions are of two types.

1. In built Functions2. User Defined Functions

In built Functions are those which are already loaded in the VB Script Library while User Defined Functions are those which the user defines for specific task.

User Defined Function Example

Function Multiply(byVal Int1, byVal Int2)Prod = Int1*Int2End Function

Multiply 3,4

When this script is run the function returns a value of 12. The Variable Multiply is known as Function Name, byVal is known as Passby, Int1 and Int2 are called as arguments. The code within the Function name and End Function is called the Function Body. End Function marks the end of the Function and the whole piece of code is known as Function Definition.

Generally a function is written to perform a single function i.e. one specific task at a time. There is a difference between a Function or Procedure and a sub procedure. a function or procedure returns a value to the calling function while a sub procedure does not return a value. To put in general

A procedure returning a value is called function procedure.

A procedure which does not return a value is called Sub Procedure.

What is a Function Call in VB Script?

In continuation with the previous discussion of Functions and Procedures in VB Script, Let us understand what a Function call is and why a Function Call is used.

In order to execute a Function we need to call that function at a point in our script and this is called Function call. The whole Function what we write is called a Function Definition and if a piece of code which is converted into a function will not get executed unless we create a call to the function. So to put in a simple way we need to call the functions which we write in the script other wise it is just occupying some lines of code and makes no sense.

This is a general rule that the Function Definition should happen first and then the Function Call. Why is it so? The answer is that since we know the requirements and know how many variables or in this context arguments we use in the function we should define a function and then write the Function Call because we will use these arguments in the Function Call. A function can have zero or more arguments.

Function call can happen any where in the script. Function definition can happen any where in the script but as per coding standards the Function Calls should be at one place before the Function Definitions and these should also be at one place for maintainability, ease of understanding.

VB Script searches first the function and then goes and Function Definition and executes the function.

Defining the Scope of a Variable in VB Script

Variables in VB Script is used for assigning values and using them for different operations. The scope of Variable in VB Script can be classified as Local Variable and Global Variable.In any programming language there is a scope for everything used in the code and likewise in VB scripting also there is a scope for a variable. The scope of a variable determines where it should be used in the script. The scope of a variable depends on its declaration in the script. The scope of a variable is of two types.

1. Procedure Level Variable.2. Script Level Variable.

Procedure Level Variables are also called as Local Variables because they can only be used in the Procedure or Function. If a variable exists within a function then it works for that function meaning it is used within the function and the value gets destroyed once it comes out of the function.

Script Level variables are also called as Global Variables and they can be called anywhere in the script. These variables can be used even in the Functions but based on the passby values. These Script Level variables are always declared out side the procedures.

The scope of a variable can be changed in VB Script using parameters associated with the arguments. Passing an argument by value using byval in VB creates a copy of the variable.

An argument is always defined by parameters either by reference or by value depending upon how it is declared in the function or procedure.

If a variable is passed as an argument by value then a copy of that variable is created in the memory and is passed into the function. The scope of this new variable is local to the function which implies that this variable will be destroyed at the end of the function. Lets look at one example to understand what it means by byval or passing an argument by value.

x=CINT(Inputbox20("Enter any Value"))aaamsgbox "The value outside the function is: "&xmyfunc xaaamsgbox "The value which is again outside the function is: "&xFunction myfunc (byval x)aaax=30aaamsgbox "The value inside the function is: "&xEnd Function

Let’s debug line by line.First the x is assigned as 20 and the msgbox in the second line prints 20.

The value outside the function is: 20

Then the ‘myfunc’ function is called in line 3 and this function call executes the function from line 5. Since in the Function definition locally we have assigned x value as 30 so the msgbox will print 30 and the function is terminated.

The value inside the function is: 30

Then the line 4 which is after the function call ‘myfunc’ is executed and the msgbox prints x value as 20 because the local variable x value is overwritten with the global value and prints 20.

The value which is again outside the function is: 20

Let us look at another example where you can use the name of the function as a variable name inside the function definition and call that function.

Int1=CINT(Inputbox("Enter value one"))Int2=CINT(Inputbox("Enter value two"))

Function multiply(byval Int1, byval Int2)aaamultiply = Int1*Int2End Functionaaamsgbox "The product of Value one and two is: "&multiply(Int1, Int2)

You can write in this way by assigning the function call to a variable and then passing the variable in the msgbox to print the value. The modified code will be like this

Int1=CINT(Inputbox("Enter value one"))Int2=CINT(Inputbox("Enter value two"))

Function multiply(byval Int1, byval Int2)aaamultiply = Int1*Int2End Functionx = multiply(Int1,Int2)aaamsgbox"The product of Value one and two is: "&x

The scope of a variable can be changed in VB Script using parameters associated with the arguments. Passing an argument by

reference using byref in VB will destroy the previous assigned value to the variable.

An argument is always defined by parameters either by reference or by value depending upon how it is declared in the function or procedure.

If a value is passed into a function as an argument by reference then the value of that variable is passed to the function. If the value of that variable is changed inside the function it would impact the original value. In other words the original value is replaced by this value.

Let’s take an example and try to understand what happens when a value to an argument is passed by reference.

x= CINT(Inputbox("Enter a number"))aaamsgbox "The value outside the function is: "&xmyfunc xaaamsgbox "The value which is again outside the function is: "&xFunction myfunc (byref x)aaax=30aaamsgbox "The value inside the function is: "&xEnd Function

First the x is assigned as 20 and the msgbox in the second line prints 20.

The value outside the function is: 20

Then the ‘myfunc’ function is called in line 3 and this function call executes the function from line 5. Since in the Function definition locally we have assigned x value as 30 so the msgbox will print 30 and the function is terminated.

The value inside the function is: 30

Then the line 4 which is after the function call ‘myfunc’ is executed and the msgbox prints x value as 30 because the global variable x value is overwritten with the local value and prints 30. Since we are using the argument by reference after the function is called the value of x is 30 and since it is by reference the value of x permanently becomes 30

The value which is again outside the function is: 30

Another way of calling an argument value by reference

Int1=CINT(Inputbox("Enter value one"))Int2=CINT(Inputbox("Enter value two"))

Function multiply (byval Int1, byval Int2, byref prod)aaaProd = Int1*Int2End FunctionMultiply Int1, Int2, xaaamsgbox"The product of Value one and two is: "&x

Assignment: Convert all the previous written scripts like Fibonacci series, Prime number Generation, Odd number generation, conversion from centigrade to Fahrenheit, Addition, Multiplication etc using functions in VB Script.

Note: Use Inputbox to as the user choice to perform what operation is required. Create Function calls and then Use Select Case to select the particular function based on the user choice.

What is a File System Object

File System Object or FileSystemObject helps us to deal with Files, Folders and Drives using VB Script. We generate Scripts using VB to interact with them.

We can interact with FileSystemObject using VB Script and can perform different kinds of operations as we desire. Using FileSystemObject in VB Script we can create a File, Folder. You can also write data or information in a File. You can also Delete a File, Folders or data in VB using FileSystemObject.

It is possible to get different kind of information on Files, Folders and Drives with the help of FileSystemObject using VB Script.

FileSystemObject is a separate library and not included in VB Script Library. VB Script needs to call the FileSystemObject Library. Like wise VB Script can interact with different libraries and call them using different objects.

VB Script can talk to any of the libraries like FileSystemObject, Word, Excel etc. This is referred to as Component Object Model or COM

Look at the Component Object Model or COM figure.

What is an Object?

Let’s spend some time in understanding what is a class, object. Class is a collection of objects which has properties and methods.

Classes are of two types.

1. Standard Class: which are loaded in the Library or which are predefined and we just need to call them and use them. We cannot make any changes to them.

2. User Defined Class: These are define d by the user for specific tasks.

Let us see what an Object contains.

1. Objects have properties and Methods.

2. An object is an instance of a Class.

3. Properties define characteristics of an Object.

4. Methods are the actions performed by the Objects.

Let’s take an example of a Class Room. Let’s say that we have two classes named Male and Female. All the individuals are Objects and they fall into either of the class. Now each of this Object (individual) has some properties and Methods.

Properties for the above object can be Name, Date of Birth, Height, Weight, Color and some properties are Read Only which cannot be changed while some others can be changed. For Example: Date of Birth cannot be changed while height and weight can be changed or even the name.

Methods for the above Object can be Sleeping, Eating, working, playing etc which are actions performed by the Object.

How to call from FileSystemObject Library

For us to write VB scripts for QTP we generally interact with FileSystemObject and Excel Objects. There is a process in calling a FileSystemObject Object and use it in the VB script to get the desired output.

In order to call from FileSystemObject (FSO) Library we first need to create and Object Variable.

An Object Variable is a Variant with sub type which holds an Object and should be prefixed with a Key word called "SET". To interact with different libraries we need to create Objects and these Objects are used along with different Methods to perform different operations.

Let us look at some examples to create Object to use from different Libraries.

Set Fso = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")

Here we are creating an object to call a method from the File System Object Library

Set xlapp = CreateObject("Excel.Application")

Here we are creating an object to call a method from the Excel Library

Set IE = CreateObject("InternetExplorer.Application")

Here we are creating an object to call a method from the Internet Explorer Library

Set QtpApp = CreateObject("QuickTest.Application")

Here we are creating an object to call a method from the Quick Test Library

Set doc = CreateObject("Word.Application")

Here we are creating an object to call a method from the Microsoft Word Library

Set OutlookObj = CreateObject("OutLook.Application")

Here we are creating an object to call a method from the Outlook Library

All the above variables are used as a standard convention to understand as to what the object is doing.

Please look at the following scripts where File System Object is used in VB Script for various purposes.

1. How to Create a Text File using VB Script? Click Here for the Code

2. How to create multiple Text Files? Click Here for the Code

3. How to create a Folder using VB script? Click Here for the Code

4. How to display File Properties in VB script? Click Here for the Code

VB Script Examples

VB Script using Excel Library Methods and Properties

Write a Script to create a workbook and create a worksheet and add information in the cells in VB script using Excel Library.

The Script to create a workbook and worksheets with cells is given below.

'Create an Object variable to interact with Excel LibrarySet xlapp = CreateObject("Excel.Application")

'Create New Excel Workbook using the xlapp objectSet wbook = xlapp.workbooks.Add

'Create a pointer to the first sheet in the workbookSet wsheet = xlapp.worksheets(1)

'Here we are adding the data in first column and color in second columnFor i = 1 to 56

wsheet.cells(i,1).value = "The code of this color is: "&iwsheet.cells(i,1).font.Name = "Verdana"wsheet.cells(i,1).font.Size = 14wsheet.cells(i,1).font.bold=TRUEwsheet.cells(i,1).font.colorindex=iwsheet.cells(i,2).interior.colorindex=i

Next

wbook.SaveAs "F:\Textexcel.xls"wbook.Closexlapp.Quit

'Releasing the objectsSet wsheet=NothingSet wbook=NothingSet xlapp = Nothing

Once you run this script go to the folder where the excel workbook is created and open and see how it looks like. The work sheet now contains information in two columns and in the Cell (1,1) you will find the

value as The code of this color is 1 in black color and in bold and in the cell (1,2) you will find the cell filled with black color and like wise till row number 56.

You can manipulate the cells or using the wsheet.cells(rows,columns) syntax.

Write a VB Script to check whether a given number is prime or not? We can use a For Next Loop or Do While Loop to check whether a number given is a prime number or not in VB Script. The challenge lies in writing a VB script without using any built in functions of VB Script.

Method 1

a = cint(Inputbox("Enter a number to check whether it is a prime number or not"))count = 0b = 1Do while b<=aaaaif a mod b = 0 Thenaaaaaacount = count +1aaaEnd If b=b+1LoopIf count = 2 Thenaaamsgbox "The number "&a& " is a prime number" Else aaamsgbox "The number "&a& " is not a prime number"End if

Method 2

val=Inputbox("Please enter any number")valprime = 0For i=2 to Int(val/2)aaaIf val mod I = 0 Thenaaamsgbox "The number"&val&" is not a prime number"aaavalprime=1aaaExit for

End IfNextIf valprime=0 Thenaaamsgbox "The number"&val&" is a prime number"End If

Write a Script in VB to reverse a string given by the user This VB Script demonstrates how we can reverse a string or a number given by the user and print it in a reverse order. Here we use Len and Mid methods of VB Script library. In the method one we will find the length of the string and store in y variable and then use a for loop in a descending order and give step as -1.

Method 1

MyStr = InputBox(“Enter a string to be reversed”)y = Len(MyStr)For x = y To 1 Step -1aaachar = Mid(MyStr,x,1)aaaNewStr = NewStr & charNextaaamsgbox newstr

Method 2 using the StrReverse Method.

val=Inputbox("Please enter any number or a string")a = strReverse(val)msgbox "The reverse of "&val& " is: "&a

Write a VB script to print a Text File in reverse way i.e from the Last line to first line

This VB scripts demonstrates on using the FileSystemObject to read a text file and display the lines in the text file in a reverse order i.e the lines begins with the last line in the text file and ends with the first line as the last line.

Dim arrLines()i = 0

Set FSO = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")Set Fil = FSO.OpenTextFile("F:\TestFolder\Text1.txt", 1)

Do Until Fil.AtEndOfStreamaaaRedim Preserve arrLines(i)aaaarrLines(i) = Fil.ReadLineaaai = i + 1Loop

Fil.Close

For l = Ubound(arrLines) to LBound(arrLines) Step -1aaastr = str&arrLines(l)&vbnewlineNext

msgbox str

Write a Script to print the phone list in VB Script using Arrays dynamically

Write a Script to print the phone list in VB Script using Arrays dynamically.

Here we are using a Dynamic array because we do not know the lower and upper bound of the array and the user enters the column and row count for the array. Also we are asking the user to give input the field values for the array. The script in VB looks like this. You can copy the script and paste it in a notepad and save as a .vbs file and execute it.

Method 1 for writing the script

col = InputBox("Enter the number of Columns")row = InputBox("Enter the number of Rows")Dim arrphonelist()

ReDim arrphonelist(col,row)

For i = 0 to rowaaaFor j = 0 to col

aaaaaaArrphonelist(j,i) = InputBox("Enter the First name")aaaaaaaaaj=j+1aaaaaaArrphonelist(j,i) = InputBox("Enter the Last name")aaaaaaaaaj=j+1aaaaaaArrphonelist(j,i) = InputBox("Enter the Phone Number")aaaNextNext

arrubound = ubound(arrphonelist,2)

For k = 0 to arruboundaaastr = str&arrphonelist(0,k)&" "aaastr = str&arrphonelist(1,k)&" "aaastr = str&arrphonelist(2,k)&vbnewlineNext

aaaMsgbox "The Phone List is "&vbnewline&str

Method 2 where we only ask the number of rows and keep the columns fixed to 3

row = InputBox("Enter the number of Rows")

Dim arrphonelist()ReDim arrphonelist(2,row)

For i = 0 to row -1aaaFor j = 0 to 2

aaaaaaArrphonelist(0,i) = InputBox("Enter the First name")aaaaaaaaaj=j+1aaaaaaArrphonelist(1,i) = InputBox("Enter the Last name")aaaaaaaaaj=j+1aaaaaaArrphonelist(2,i) = InputBox("Enter the Phone Number")aaaNextNext

arrubound = ubound(arrphonelist,2)

For k = 0 to arruboundaaastr = str&arrphonelist(0,k)&" "aaastr = str&arrphonelist(1,k)&" "aaastr = str&arrphonelist(2,k)&vbnewlineNext

aaaMsgbox "The Phone List is "&vbnewline&str

Write a Script to print a Phone List in VB using Arrays

Write a Script to print the phone list in VB Script using Arrays.

Here we are using a static array because we are giving the lowerbound and upperbound of the array. Also we are giving the array values. The script in VB looks like this. You can copy the script and paste it in a notepad and save as a .vbs file and execute it. You have to remember that the column and Row count in VB using Arrays start by default with zero and hence for 3 columns we are giving 2 because 0 to 2 makes it 3 columns and like wise for rows.

'Initializing an array with 3 columns and 4 rows

Dim arrphonelist(2,3)

'Giving all the values of different columns for the 4 rows.Arrphonelist(0,0) = "John"Arrphonelist(1,0) = "Abharam"Arrphonelist(2,0) = "9854685623"

Arrphonelist(0,1) = "Mark"Arrphonelist(1,1) = "Robin"Arrphonelist(2,1) = "9955662233"

Arrphonelist(0,2) = "Peter"Arrphonelist(1,2) = "Marshal"Arrphonelist(2,2) = "8080454525"

Arrphonelist(0,3) = "Alex"Arrphonelist(1,3) = "Blackston"Arrphonelist(2,3) = "9865653526"

'Initializing the upperbound of the array for checking the no of rows'for this we have entered 2 which represents the 2nd dimensionarrubound = ubound(arrphonelist,2)

For i = 0 to arruboundaaastr = str&arrphonelist(0,i)&" "aaastr = str&arrphonelist(1,i)&" "

aaastr = str&arrphonelist(2,i)&vbnewlineNext

aaaMsgbox "The Phone List is "&vbnewline&str

How to print all the Lines of a Text File in Excel sheet using VB Script Write a script in VB to write all the lines of a Text File into an excel spreadsheet using FileSystemObject

VB Script to write all the lines of a text file in to a Excel spread sheet. There are two ways to write all the lines by opening an existing Text File and the second one to create a Text File and write some lines and then writing them in the Excel Sheet.

Method 1

Set objExcel = CreateObject("Excel.Application")objExcel.Visible=True

objExcel.workbooks.Add()

Const ForReading =1

Set FSO = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")Set file = FSO.OpenTextFile("F:\TestFolder\Text1.txt", 1)

x=1

Do Until File.AtEndOfStreamLine = File.ReadLineobjExcel.Cells(x,1) = Line

x=x+1Loop

objFile.Close

Method 2

'Script to create and write few lines in a Text file'and write them in the excel sheet

'Create an object variable to interact with the File System ObjectSet Fso = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")Set xlapp = CreateObject("Excel.Application")

'Create a text files using CreateTextFile methodSet fil = Fso.CreateTextFile("F:\TestFolder\Text1.txt")Set wbook = xlapp.Workbooks.Addset wsheet = xlapp.worksheets(1)

'Write few lines into the first text fileFor i = 1 to 100fil.WriteLine("This is Line "&i)Next

Set fil = nothing

'Open first text file in read mode and write in excel sheetSet fil1 = fso.OpenTextFile("F:\TestFolder\Text1.txt",1, False)

X=1Do Until fil1.AtEndOfStreamstrLine = fil1.ReadLinexlapp.Cells(x,1) = strLineX=x+1Loop

wbook.SaveAs "F:\TestFolder\Test.xls"

set wbook=nothingxlapp.quitset wsheet = nothingSet fil = nothing

Set fil1=NothingSet fil2 = nothing

Write a script in VB to display only the Text Files in a Folder using FileSystemObject VB Script used to display only the Text files of a Folder by using the GetFolder and Files method and also arrays to print all the Text Files.

'Step 1: Create and object variable to interact with the File system objectSet fso = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")

'Step 2: Point to the folder from which we want to print'the file namesSet fol = fso.GetFolder("F:\TestFolder")

'Step 3: Return all the files collection from the specified folderSet fil = Fol.Files

'Print only the text file names from the specified folderFor each f in filstr = f.namearr = split(str, ".")If arr(1) = "txt" thenvar = var&Vbnewline&f.nameEnd IfNext

msgbox "The Text Files in the Folder "TestFolder" are: "&vbnewline&var

How to display all the files in a Folder in VB Script

Write a script in VB to display all the files in a Folder using FileSystemObject

The VB Script to display all the files of a Folder uses the GetFolder and Files method to print all the files.

'Step 1: Create and object variable to interact with the File system objectSet fso=createobject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")'Step 2: Point to the folder from which we want to print the file namesSet fol = fso.GetFolder("F:\YouTube Downloader")

'Step 3: Return all the files collection from the specified folderSet fil = fol.files

'Print all the file names from the specified folderFor each f in filstr = str&" "&f.name&", "Next

Msgbox The files in the Folder YouTube Downloader are " &Vbnewline&str

Write a Sample VB script using Arrays

Write a VB script using Array to print different color Names.

Here we declared an Array and indexed it to 6 columns even though we gave the index as 5. we need to remember that in VB the index starts from zero. When we declared the array and assigned the values we are now assigning the array upperbound to a variable so that using that variable we can use a for loop to print all the values.

Dim arrcolors(5)aaaarrcolors(0) = "Blue"aaaarrcolors(1) = "Green"aaaarrcolors(2) = "Red"aaaarrcolors(3) = "White"aaaarrcolors(4) = "Black"aaaarrcolors(5) = "Yellow"

arrubound = ubound(arrcolors)aaamsgbox arruboundaaaaaaFor i = 0 to arruboundaaaaaaaaamsgbox arrcolors(i)aaaaaaNext

aaaaaaFor each element in arrcolorsaaaaaaaaamsgbox elementaaaaaaNext

Excel Parameters in VB Scripting

To interact with Excel Library from VB Script we need to create an object which points to the excel library from VB Script.

Let us look at some of the common methods used to deal with Excel Library.

Workbooks Method is used to point to a work book.Worksheet method is used to point to a worksheet.

Before creating a Workbook or worksheet we need to create an Object to interact with Excel Library.

The syntax to create an object is

Set [Object] = CreateObject("Excel.Application")Set xlapp = CreateObject("Excel.Application")

To Create a new workbook we need to use this syntax. The syntax to add a workbook is

Set [Variable] = Object.Workbooks.AddSet wbook = xlapp.Workbooks.Add

To Open an existing workbook we need to use this syntax. The syntax to open an existing workbook is

Set [Variable] = Object.Workbooks.Open ()Set wbook = xlapp.Workbooks.Open("F:\TestFolder ")

To create a worksheet in the workbook we use this syntax and the syntax to create a worksheet is

Set [Variable] = Object.worksheets(id)Set wsheet = xlapp.worksheets(1)Set wsheet = xlapp.worksheets("Testing")

Here id can be the sheet id and the index begin with 1. You can also give a string for the id but should be enclosed in " ".

To save a new workbook in a destination we use this syntax

Variable.SaveAs ()wbook.SaveAs(("F:\TestFolder\Test.xls")

Every time a workbook is created or opened it should be closed and to close the workbook we need a Close Method. To close a Work book the syntax is

Variable.Closewbook.Close

It is a good practice to quit the application once your work is over and to quit the excel application we need a Quit Method. The syntax is

Object.QuitXlapp.Quit

As soon as the application is quit it is required to clear the variables so that it does not interfere with other scripts. It is important that the worksheet, workbook, excel application variables should be cleared. To clear the variable used from the memory we use the Nothing Method. The syntax is

Set [Object] = NothingSet wsheet = NothingSet wbook = NothingSet xlapp = Nothing

To create cells in the worksheet we use this syntax

wsheet.cells(rows,columns)wsheet.cells(1,1)

Each Cell is identified with Row and Column as (Row, Column)

Check this script to understand how these methods are used.

Script to create a file and add odd line to second file

Write a Script to create two text files and write some lines in the first file and copy the odd lines of the first file in to the second file.

Writing a VB Script using WriteLine and ReadLine Methods of FileSystemObject to generate the required result

'Script to create two text files,'Write few lines into the first text file.'Copy all the odd lines from the'first text file to the second text file

'Create an object variable to interact with the File System ObjectSet Fso = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")

'Create Two text files using CreateTextFile methodSet fil = Fso.CreateTextFile("F:\Text1.txt")

Fso.CreateTextFile("F:\Text2.txt")

'Write few lines into the first text fileFor i = 1 to 100fil.WriteLine("This is Line "&i)Next

Set fil = nothing

'Open first text file in read mode and second one in write modeSet fil1 = fso.OpenTextFile("F:\Text1.txt",1, False)Set fil2 = fso.OpenTextFile("F:\Text2.txt",2, False)

'Scan text file until we reach the endofstream'Set the line number for every time scanned the file'if the line number is odd copy in the second fileDo While Not fil1.AtEndOfStreamLine_number = fil1.lineIf Line_number MOD 2 <> 0 Thenfil2.WriteLine(fil1.ReadLine)Elsefil1.SkipLineEnd IfLoop

Set fil = nothingSet fil1=NothingSet fil2 = nothing

Display of File Properties in VB Scrip using FileSystemObject Back To File System Object Page

How to display File Properties in VB script?

Using the File System Object method CreateFile we create a File and Using the

GetFile Method we get the newly created File. Then we use the name, size etc methods to get the properties of the file.

'Create a Folder using FSO or FileSystemObject'Script to print the different properties of a Text File

'Step 1: Create an object variable that interacts with the File System Object LibrarySet Fso = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")

'Step 2: use the CreateTextFile to Create a Text FileFso.CreateTextFile("F:\Text.txt")

'Step 3: Use the GetFile Method to get the information of the file and set it to a Object VariableSet F=Fso.GetFile("F:\Text.txt")

'Step 4: Print the Properties of the File using various

MsgBox "The File name is: "&f.name&"" &vbnewline& "The File Size is: "&f.size&""&vbnewline& "The File Creation Date is: "&f.DateCreated&""&vbnewline& "The File Last Modified on: "&f.DateLastModified

Creating a Folder in VB Script using FileSystemObject Back To File System Object Page

How to create a Folder using VB script?

Using the File System Object method CreateFolder we create a Folder and Using the GetFolder Method we get the newly created Folder.

'Create a Folder using FSO or FileSystemObject

'Step 1: Create an object variable that interacts with the File System Object Library

Set Fso = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")

'Step 2; Use the CreateFolder method along with the object to create a Folder at desired location

Fso.CreateFolder("F:\Test Folder")

'Step 3: Use the GetFolder method to get the newly created file and store in a variable called s

Set s = fso.GetFolder("F:\Test Folder")

'Step 4: Use the name method to get the file name and print it along with the message

Msgbox "The New Folder Created is "&s.name

Creating multiple Text files in VB Script using FileSystemObject Back To File System Object Page

How to create multiple Text Files?

Using the File System Object method CreateTextFile we create a Text file and using a For Loop we create any number of Text files as desired. Using a InputBox we can also ask the user how many text files to be created.

Example 1: Assuming we know how many text files to create.

'Create a Text File using FSO or FileSystemObject'Step 1: Create an object variable that interacts with the File System Object LibrarySet Fso = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")'Step 2: Use For Loop to run the script for 100 times.For I = 1 to 5Fso.CreateTextFile("F:\Test"&i&".txt")var = "" &var&", Test" &iNextMsgbox" The Text Files Created are "&Var

Example 2: Asking the user for input to print that many number of files.

Rewrite the code by just adding one line with InputBox function.

'Create a Text File using FSO or FileSystemObject'Step 1: Create an object variable that interacts with the File System Object LibrarySet Fso = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")'Step 2: Use For Loop to run the script for 100 times.n=CINT(InputBox("Enter how many files to be created"))For I = 1 to nFso.CreateTextFile("F:\Test"&i&".txt")var = "" &var&", Test" &iNextMsgbox" The Text Files Created are "&Var

Creating a Text File in VB Script using FileSystemObject Back To File System Object Page

How to Create a Text File using VB Script?

Using the File System Object method CreateTextFile we create a Text file and Using the GetFile Method we get the newly created file.

'Create a Text File using FSO or FileSystemObject

'Step 1: Create an object variable that interacts with the File System Object Library.

Set Fso = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")

'Step 2: Use the CreateTextFile method along with the object to create a text file at desired location.

Fso.CreateTextFile("F:\Test.txt")

'Step 3: Use the GetFile method to get the newly created file and store in a variable called s.

Set s = fso.GetFile("F:\Test.txt")

'Step 4: Use the name method to get the file name and print it along with the message.

Msgbox "The Text Files Created is "&s.name

Assignment Answer on Functions. Back to the Previous Page

Write a script in VB to Convert all the previous written scripts like Fibonacci series in VB Script, Prime number Generation in VB Script, Odd number generation in VB Script, conversion from centigrade to Fahrenheit in VB Script, Addition in VB Script, Multiplication in VB Script etc using functions in VB Script.

In order to write this script first we need to use a inputbox to ask the user the choice to perform a certain function. Then Use Select Case taking the value from Inputbox and based on the condition it will select the case in which the function call is specified.After the Select Case Write down all the Functions for different operations.

The code looks like this

Here you are asking the user for the choice to perform the operation.

n=Inputbox("Enter your choice"&vbnewline&" "&vbnewline&"1 - Addition"&vbnewline&"2 - Subtraction"&vbnewline&"3 - Multiplication"&vbnewline&"4 - Quotient"&vbnewline&"5 - Fibonacci Series"&vbnewline&"6 - Odd Numbers"&vbnewline&"7 - Prime Numbers"&vbnewline&"8 - Degree Conversion")

Here you are selecting the case based on the user input and appropriately calling the required function.

Select Case n Case 1aaaaddfunc x,yCase 2aaaminusfunc x,yCase 3aaamultiply x,yCase 4aaaquotient x,yCase 5aaaFibonacci varCase 6aaaoddfunc varCase 7aaaprime varcase 8aaaconversion cen, fahCase Elseaaamsgbox "invalid entry"End Select

Here you are actually defining the functions for different operations to be performed.

For Addition of two Numbers

Function addfunc(byval x, byval y) aaax = CINT(inputbox("Enter 1st number to be added"))aaay = CINT(inputbox("Enter 2nd number to be added"))aaamsgbox "The summation of "&x& " and " &y& " is: " &x+yEnd Function

For Subtraction of two Numbers

Function minusfunc(byval x, byval y) aaax = CINT(inputbox("Enter 1st number"))aaay = CINT(inputbox("Enter 2nd number to be subtracted"))aaamsgbox "The difference between "&x& " and " &y& " is: "&x-yEnd Function

For Multiplication of two Numbers

Function multiply(byval x, byval y) aaax = CINT(inputbox("Enter 1st number to be multiplied"))aaay = CINT(inputbox("Enter 2nd number to be multiplied"))aaamsgbox "The product of "&x& " and " &y& " is: "&x*yEnd Function

For finding quotient of two Numbers

Function quotient (byval x, byval y) aaax = CINT(inputbox("Enter 1st number to be divided"))aaay = CINT(inputbox("Enter 2nd number as divisor"))aaamsgbox "The quotient between "&x& " and " &y& " is: "&x\yEnd Function

For displaying the Fibonacci Series of a given Number

Function Fibonacci (byval var) aaan = CINT(Inputbox("Enter a range for the Fibonacci Series"))aaaf1=0aaaf2=1aaaf3=f1+f2aaavar= f1& ", " &f2aaaaaado while f3 < naaaaaaaaavar =" var&", "&f3aaaaaaaaaf1=f2aaaaaaaaaf2=f3 aaaaaaaaaf3=f1+f2 aaaaaaLoopMsgBox("Fibonacii Series for the limit " &n&" is: " &var)End Function

For displaying the Odd Numbers of a given Number

Function oddfunc(byval var) aaan = CINT(Inputbox("Enter the limit for the Odd Numbers"))aaaaaaFor i = 1 to naaaaaaaaaif (i mod 2<>0) thenaaaaaaaaavar = "" &var&", " &iaaaaaaaaaEnd Ifaaaaaanext

aaaMsgBox("Odd numbers within " &n&" numbers = :" &var)End Function

For displaying the Prime numbers of a given Number

Function prime(byval var) n = inputbox("Please Enter the limit for Prime Numbers to be printed")aaaFor i = 1 to naaaaacount = 0aaaaaa = 1aaaaaaaDo While a<=i aaaaaaaaaif i mod a = 0 Then aaaaaaaaaaacount = count + 1 aaaaaaaaaend if a=a+1 aaaaaaaLoop aaaaaaaaaIf count = 2 Then aaaaaaaaaaavar = var&" " &i& ", " aaaaaaaaaEnd If aaaNext aaaMsgBox("Prime numbers within " &n&" numbers = :" &var) End Function

For converting from and to Centigrade or Fahrenheit of a given Number

Function conversion(byval cen, byval fah)con = inputbox("Enter 1 for Centigrade to Fahrenheit and 2 for Fahrenheit to Centigrade")aaaSelect Case conaaaaaCase 1aaaaaaacen=inputbox("Enter the value to be converted")aaaaaaamsgbox "The converted value of " &cen& " Centigrade is " &cen\0.55555555556 + 32& " Fahrenhite"aaaaaCase 2aaaaaaafah=inputbox("Enter the value to be converted")aaaaaaamsgbox "The converted value of " &fah& " Fahrenheit is " &(fah-32) *0.55555555556 & " Centigrade"aaaaaCase Elseaaaaaaamsgbox "Invalid entry for Conversion"

aaaEnd SelectEnd Function

Fibonacci Series Code Click on Back to the Assignment Question Page

Write a script to generate the Fibonacci Series. Again ask the user for the limit.

In order to generate a Fibonacci Series in VB Script we make use of the DO WHILE LOOP Looping Construct.

The code for generating the Fibonacci Series is given below.

n = CINT(Inputbox("Enter a range"))f1=0f2=1f3=f1+f2var= f1& ", " &f2do while f3 < n var = var& ", "&f3f1=f2f2=f3f3=f1+f2loop

MsgBox "Fibonacii Series for the limit " &n&" is: " &var

Till the condition is satisfied the inner conditions get executed and stored in the var variable thus giving out the output as 0,1,1,3,5,8,13,21,34,55 and 89 if we take the range as 100.

Script to print Prime Numbers Click on Back to the Assignment Question Page

Write a script to print prime numbers based on the user input for the prime number limit.n = Inputbox("Please Enter the limit")For i = 1 to naaaCount = 0aaaa = 1aaaaaaDo While a<=iaaaaaaaaaIf i MOD a = 0 ThenaaaaaaaaaaaaCount = Count + 1aaaaaaaaaEnd Ifaaaaaaa=a+1aaaaaaLoopaaaaaaaaaIf Count = 2 Thenaaaaaaaaaaaavar = var&" "&i& ", "aaaaaaaaaEnd IfNextaaaMsgBox("Prime numbers within " &n&" numbers = :" &var)

Write a VB Script to Print different Operations using Select Statement Click on Back to the Assignment Question Page

This Code gives an idea as to how we can use FOR loop in our script to make it more meaningful and reduce the no of lines of code.

Hope you remember the SELECT CASE statement in which we have looked at a code where in the user can perform a particular type of operation like addition, subtraction, multiplication and division. Now using the For loop try to ask the user how many times the operation should perform. For ex if the user enters 3 then the code should run for three times.

Look the script for this Select Case Statement

The script for this is given below. What i have done is that before the user to select the operation before this line we will add few code like an inputbox and a for loop. The code to be added in the top is like this and at the end of the code add NEXT. Now we are asking the user how many times the user wants to perform the operations and taking that value in the variable Varint1 and converting it into integer. Remember that by default a variant is a string. Then we are passing the value into the for Loop and incrementing by one value.

Varint1 = CINT(Inputbox("Enter the number of times this operation to be performed"))For i = 1 to Varint1 Step 1Look at the entire code

Varint1 = CINT(Inputbox("Enter the number of times this operation to be performed"))For i = 1 to Varint1 Step 1UserInput = Inputbox("Enter any of the following options"&vbnewline&" " &vbnewline&"1 for Addition"&vbnewline&"2 for Subtraction"&vbnewline&"3 for Multiplication"&vbnewline&"4 for Division")Var1 = CINT(Inputbox("Enter the First Value"))Var2 = CINT(Inputbox("Enter the Second Value"))aaaSelect Case UserInputaaaCase 1aaamsgbox"The Sumation of "&Var1& " and " &var2& " is: "&Var1 + Var2aaaCase 2aaamsgbox"The difference between "&Var1& " and " &var2& " is: "&Var1 - Var2aaaCase 3aaamsgbox"The product of "&Var1& " and " &var2& " is: "&Var1 * Var2aaaCase 4aaamsgbox"The quotient between "&Var1& " and " &var2& " is: "&Var1 \ Var2aaaCase Elseaaamsgbox "Invalid entry"aaaEnd SelectNext